英美文学名词中英互译2

2. Alliteration:The repetition of the initial consonant sounds in poetry..10. Anapest抑抑扬: It’s made up of two unstressed and one stressed syllables, with the two unstressed ones in front.12 Antithesis:(a figure of speech) The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words phrases, or sentences. An antithesis is often expressed in a balanced sentence, that is, a sentence in which identical or similar grammatical structure is used to express contrasting ideas.17.Assonance(半韵, 半谐音元音相同而辅音不同的韵, 如late与make): The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry. Assonance is often employed to please the ear or emphasize certain sounds.19. Autobiography(自传；自传文学): A person’s account of his or her own life. An autobiography is generally written in narrative form and includes some introspection.21.Ballad stanza （民谣体诗节）: A type of four-line stanza. The first and third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses. Ballad meter is usually iambic. The number of unstressed syllables in each line may vary. The second and fourth lines rhyme.29.Classicism（古典主义）: A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally

opposed to Romanticism, which

is concerned with emotions and

personal themes.32. Conceit（奇

喻，妙喻）: A kind of metaphor

that makes a comparison between

two startlingly different things. A

conceit may be a brief metaphor,

but it usually provides the

framework for an entire poem. An

especially unusual and intellectual

kind of conceit is the

metaphysical conceit.35.

Consonance: The repetition of

similar consonant sounds in the

middle or at the end of words.36.

Couplet（双行体、双偶体）: Two

consecutive（[kən'sekjutiv] 连续

不断的；连贯的）lines of poetry

that rhyme. A heroic couplet is an

iambic pentameter couplet.37

Critical Realism:The critical

realism of the 19th century

flourished in the fouties and in the

beginning of fifties. The realists

first and foremost set themselves

the task of criticizing capitalist

society from a democratic

viewpoint and delineated the

crying contradictions of bourgeois

reality. But they did not find a

way to eradicate（根除，根绝；

消灭）social evils.42. Diction（措

词）: A writer’s choice of words,

particularly for clarity,

effectiveness, and precision.47.

Enlightenment（启蒙主义）:

With the advent of the 18th

century, in England, as in other

European countries, there sprang

into life a public movement

known as the Enlightenment. The

Enlightenment on the whole, was

an expression of struggle of the

then progressive class of

bourgeois against feudalism. The

inequality, stagnation, prejudices

and other survivals of feudalism.

The attempt to place all branches

of science at the service of

mankind by connecting them with

the actual deeds and requirements

of the people.48Epic（史诗）: A

long narrative poem telling about

the deeds of a great hero and

reflecting the values of the society

from which it originated. Many

epics were drawn from an oral

tradition and were transmitted by

song and recitation before they

were written down.65.Foot（音

步）: It is a rhythmic unit, a

specific combination of stressed

and unstressed syllables.67.Free

Verse（自由诗：不受格律约束

的）: V erse that has either no

metrical pattern or an irregular

pattern.69. Iamb（抑扬格）: It is

the most commonly used foot in

English poetry, in which an

unstressed syllable comes first,

followed by a stressed syllable.70.

Iambic pentameter（抑扬格五音

步）: A poetic line consisting of

five verse feet, with each foot an

iamb—that is, an unstressed

syllable followed by a stressed

syllable. Iambic pentameter is the

most common verse line in

English poetry.71. Image（意象）:

We usually think with words,

many of our thoughts come to us

as pictures or imagined sensations

in our mind. Such imagined

pictures or sensations are called

images.73.Imagism（意象派：

1912年前后源于英美，主张主题

和形式摆脱因袭之风）: It’s a

poetic movement of England and

the U.S. flourished from 1909 to

1917.The movement insists on the

creation of images in poetry by