2020高考英语第四讲 形容词和副词
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(无聊厌倦+勇敢+笨拙+独自孤独)
高考英语核心形容词和副词一、无聊、厌倦1.boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj.无聊的,令人厌烦的,乏味的a boring job/book/evening 无聊的工作/书/夜晚[e.g.] The novel was unspeakably boring.这部小说无聊得无法形容。
→ bore /bɔ:(r)/ v.使厌烦,使讨厌;2.dull /dʌl/ adj.枯燥无聊的;无精打采的;钝的;愚笨的[e.g.] The first half of the game was pretty dull.上半场比赛打得十分沉闷。
【形】doll n.洋娃娃3.tiresome /ˈtaɪəsəm/ adj.烦人的,令人厌烦的a tiresome lecture 令人困乏的演讲[e.g.] Buying a house can be a very tiresome business.买房子会是件很麻烦的事。
→ tire /ˈtaɪə(r)/ v.(使)感到疲劳;厌倦,厌烦4.weary /ˈwɪəri/ adj.使人疲劳的,疲倦的;weary out 消磨筋疲力尽world-weary 厌世的weary of/with 因…而厌烦[e.g.] Weary with toil, I haste me to my bed.精疲力竭,我赶快到床上躺下。
→ wear /weə(r)/ v.①穿,戴;②磨损,损耗;③感到疲劳;厌倦,厌烦5.tedious /ˈtiːdiəs/ adj.无聊的;厌倦的,冗长的,单调乏味的Tedious Summer 漫长夏日tedious journey 枯燥的旅行[e.g.] We had to listen to the tedious details of his operation.我们不得不听他唠叨他那次行动繁琐的细节。
【扩展】1.uninteresting /ʌnˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj.无趣味的,乏味的;令人厌倦的;2.humdrum /ˈhʌmdrʌm/ adj.单调的;无聊的;单调;乏味;单调乏味地进行;3.bromidic /brəʊˈmɪdɪk/ adj.陈腐的;无聊的;平庸的;4.jaded /ˈdʒeɪdɪd/ adj.厌倦的;疲倦不堪的;厌倦的二、勇敢1.courageous /kəˈreɪdʒəs/ adj.勇敢的→ courage /ˈkʌrɪdʒ/n.勇气lose courage 失去勇气take courage 鼓起勇气have/lack the courage to do sth.有/缺乏勇气做某事[e.g.] One should have the courage to accept changes in life.人要有勇气直面生活的变化。
2020高考英语第四讲 形容词和副词
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5.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
6.(2017·全国Ⅲ)It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.
②有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程 度,因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有:right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的)等。
(2)ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ规则变化
原级 good, well
bad, ill many, much
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3 . “as + 形 容 词 原 级 + as + 具 体 数 字 ” 表 示 “ 高 / 深 / 多……达……”。
①The temperature here is as high as 39℃. 这里的气温高达 39 摄氏度。 ②The building is as tall as 100 meters. 这座楼高达 100 米。
[第二部分]
学通语法
增分语法填空和短文改错
第四讲
形容词和副词
Contents
NO.1 NO.2 NO.3
突破常考点 把脉易错点 演练大冲关
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NO.1
突破常考点
——助力语法填空
高考 真题感悟
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单句语法填空 1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it’s always
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2.当 as ... as 结构中有名词时,可用以下结构: as+形容词原级+an+可数名词单数+as as+many+可数名词复数+as as+much+不可数名词+as ①Today is as busy a day as yesterday. 今天跟昨天一样忙。 ②Henry does not have so/as many books as I have. 亨利的书没有我的书多。
2020版高考英语(译林·全国版)一轮复习学案语法第一部分第四讲词性转换(构词法)含解析
第四讲词性转换(构词法)英语构词法主要有三种:合成、转化和派生。
合成是指将两个意思不同的单词结合成一个新词;转化是指一个单词的词形不变而由一种词性转化为另一种词性;派生是指通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀变成另一个词。
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性,后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
将构词法置于此处讲解,一是对前面基础词法的汇总,二是为攻克后面的重难动词做铺垫。
[全析考法]单句语法填空/单句改错1.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析:pollution decrease“降低,减少”,为及物动词,后接名词作宾语,故填名词pollution。
2.(2018·6月浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________(weigh) problems.解析:weight根据语境可知,此处表示体重方面的问题,故此处填名词作定语。
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate).解析:education前面有形容词性物主代词her,此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract).解析:attraction此处作表语且前面由its top修饰,应该用attract的名词形式attraction,意为“吸引人之物,诱惑物”。
高考英语考点精析复习讲义-形容词副词
第四讲形容词和副词典型例题1.从几年来收集到的题目中可以看出高考对形容词和副词的考查主要集中在以下两点:(1)形容词的比较级和最高级;(2)在具体语境中辨析形容词和副词语义。
另外,考查形容词作定语时的语序问题的试题也不少。
2.对于比较级的考查,淡化结构,注重深层语义。
“比较”的意思并不是直接能从“结构”中看出来的,而是从语句的深层意义中挖掘出来的。
3.在加强考查词义辨析的题目中,高考不但加强了对语义的考查(而不仅仅是语法),随着新教材词汇量的增大,而且注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。
应试同分瓶颈要做好各类有关形容词和副词的试题应从这几方面去努力:1.对单音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成、双音节和多音节的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级的构成,要加强记忆、找出其中规律;灵活掌握修饰比较级和最高级的副词和一些短语。
2.对某些副词的词义还需进一步认识,多数形容词在加-ly后,词义基本不变,而有些则不同,如:hard—hardly.3.加强形容词、副词比较级考点的学习与应用,尤其是比较级在某些特定结构中的特殊含义,比较级及其修饰语的搭配和用法。
巧记名词前多个形容词的排列顺序,形容词、副词等在不同语境下的辨析,要不断地提高分析试题的能力,克服思维定势,灵活运用所学的知识。
(1)加强对比较级和最高级表达法的学习,尤其是一些常见的句型,要做到张口能诵的程度。
在理解上,不能留任何疑点。
(2)加强对形容词和副词的词义和用法的学习,要做到“词不离句,句不离义”。
做题时,要结合语境,注意惯用法和固定搭配认真辨析从而做出最佳选择。
(1)判断句子成分,如果是作定语、表语等,一般是用形容词;如果是作状语、修饰谓语动词或形容词和副词,一般应用副词。
但注意也有特殊情况,如形容词(短语)可作伴随或结果状语。
(2)分清句子结构,看看该句应该用原级、比较级还是最高级。
(3)注意特殊的含有形容词比较级的句型。
◎命题点1 形容词◎命题点2 副词命题点l 形容词本类考题解答锦囊:形容词的考查注意以下几点:1.表示倍数的三个句型:①times as+形容词原级+asThis table is 3 times as big as that one.②times the+性质名词+ofThis table is 3 times the size of that one.③times+形容词比较级+thanThis table is twice bigger than that one.2.多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多,则音节少的形容词在前,音节多的在后。
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(兴奋+羞愧)
高考英语核心形容词副词一、表示兴奋1.excited /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/ adj.感到激动的,感到兴奋的;→exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj.令人兴奋的,令人激动的(尤指无法预知下一步将发生什么)→excite /ɪkˈsaɪt/ v.使兴奋,使激动;引起,激起;excite interest 引起兴趣[e.g.] Supporters believe that teachers should organize a variety of activities to excite students' interest.支持者认为教师应该组织各种各样的活动来激发学生的兴趣。
→excitement /ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ n.令人激动(或兴奋)的事2.enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/ adj.激动的;兴奋的be enthusiastic about 热情;对…热心[e.g.] Washington may be less enthusiastic about the European proposal.华盛顿可能对欧洲这项提议不太有热情。
enthusiastic fan 发烧友/发热友→enthusiasm /ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/ n.热情,热忱;热衷的活动,热爱的事物learning enthusiasm 学习积极性学习热情be in enthusiasm 怀有热情enthusiasm for 热爱……with enthusiasm 热情洋溢;狂热地arouse the enthusiasm of...调动...的积极性[e.g.] It can improve the efficiency of classroom teaching, arouse student's enthusiasm of learning, and promote the full-scale development of quality-oriented education.它可提高课堂教学效率,激发同学的学习热情,促进素质教育的全面开展。
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(共十三大类)
高考英语核心形容词副词一、表示感到压力stressed /ˈstrest/ adj.感到压力的stressful /ˈstresf(ə)l/ adj.令人有压力的stress /stres/ n.精神压力,心理负担 v.强调under stress 在压力之下stress on sth.对某物的按压[e.g.] Little stress on your wound would do help to slow bleeding.对伤口施加少许压力有助于减缓出血。
it must be stressed that ...必须着重指出……[e.g.] It must be stressed that this test accounts for 60 per cent of your final score.必须强调的是,这次考试占了你最后成绩的60%。
stress (sb.) out (使)焦虑不安,疲惫不堪[e.g.] Mountainous work during the past few weeks had stressed me out.过去几周巨大的工作量使我疲惫不堪。
stress的近义词1.pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n.压力under pressure 面临压力,在压力之下;受到压力high pressure 高压;高度紧张blood pressure n.血压atmospheric pressure 气压大气压力大气2.strain /streɪn/ n.压力;重负3.emphasize /ˈemfəsaɪz/ v.强调;重视;着重stress的反义词1.ease /i:z/ n.舒适;安逸;自在;无忧无虑2.relief /rɪˈli:f/ n.(不快过后的)宽慰;轻松;解脱3.relaxation /ˌri:lækˈseɪʃ(ə)n/ n.放松;休息;消遣stress与pressure的区别stress侧重指外来的压力,也指由于某种原因而引起的心理、生理或情绪上的紧张。
2020版高考英语(人教·全国版)一轮复习学案语法第一部分第四讲词性转换(构词法)含解析
第四讲词性转换(构词法)英语构词法主要有三种:合成、转化和派生。
合成是指将两个意思不同的单词结合成一个新词;转化是指一个单词的词形不变而由一种词性转化为另一种词性;派生是指通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀变成另一个词。
前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性,后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
将构词法置于此处讲解,一是对前面基础词法的汇总,二是为攻克后面的重难动词做铺垫。
[全析考法]单句语法填空/单句改错1.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)This switch has decreased ________ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.解析:pollution decrease“降低,减少”,为及物动词,后接名词作宾语,故填名词pollution。
2.(2018·6月浙江高考)Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ________(weigh) problems.解析:weight根据语境可知,此处表示体重方面的问题,故此处填名词作定语。
3.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She is determined to carry on with her ________ (educate).解析:education前面有形容词性物主代词her,此处应该使用动词educate的名词形式education作宾语。
4.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ________ (attract).解析:attraction此处作表语且前面由its top修饰,应该用attract的名词形式attraction,意为“吸引人之物,诱惑物”。
第四讲 形容词副词
第四讲形容词/副词This book is not as expensive as that one = This book is _____ _____ than that one = That book is _____ ______than this one .2).比较级与最高级的转换a). the +最高级+ of / in ……b). 比较级+than+any other +单数名词+the other +复数名词+anyone else+any of the other+复名c). Nobody else + 比较级+ than ……Tom is the tallest boy in our class .Tom is taller than ____ ____ boy in our class.Tom is taller than _____ ____ in our class._____ _____ is taller than Tom in our class.★级别的惯用法★1. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
He is getting taller and taller.2. “the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.3.4.当adj 的最高级前有物主代词,名词所有格,指示代词时,不用the .This is my best book of all.5.相比较的前后两部分必须是同类比较.My pencil is longer than ______(you).6.7.有些含有比较级的句子里,常用that(单数、不可数名词)、those (复数名词)代替前面提到的词,以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Guangzhou in winter .The boys in our class are more than _____ in your class .★关于比较等级的重要注释★(1) 以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(共四类)
高考英语核心形容词副词一、严重的、严肃的、严格的、严酷的1.serious /ˈsɪəriəs/ adj.①严重的;严肃的;②认真的[e.g.] I am serious about this project.我很认真对待这个项目。
be serious about...严肃对待...;认真对待...serious damage 严重损害;严重损坏serious illness 重大疾病serious topic 严肃话题→ seriousness /ˈsɪəriəsnəs/ n.严重性;严肃;认真→ seriously /ˈsɪəriəsli/ adv.①严重地,恶劣地;②严肃地,认真地;take ...seriously 认真对待…2.severe /sɪˈvɪə(r)/ adj.①严重的(天气/事故);②严厉的(批评,惩罚)【名言谚语】Silence is sometimes the severest criticism.沉默有时是最严厉的批评。
severe punishment 严厉惩罚;从重处罚severe headache 严重的头痛severe weather conditions 恶劣的天气情况severe punishment/disease/shortage严厉惩罚/严重疾病/严重短缺→ severely /sɪˈvɪəli/ adv.严重地;严格地;严厉地3.strict /strɪkt/ adj.要求严格的,严厉的;strict rule/regulation/discipline 严格的规则/规章制度/纪律strict teacher/parent(s) 严格的教师/父(母)亲strict control 严格的控制→ strictly /ˈstrɪktli/ adv.严格地,严厉地;strictly speaking adv.严格地说;严格来说4.harsh /hɑːʃ/ adj.(环境)恶劣的,艰苦的;严厉的,残酷的harsh reality 严酷的现实;残酷的现实写作高分表达1.take ...into serious consideration 将...认真考虑2.be strict with sb.严格对待某人be strict about sth.严格对待某事3.be severe on/with sb./sth.对……严厉二、尴尬1.embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/ adj.感到尴尬的,窘迫的an embarrassed silence 难堪的沉默be/feel embarrassed by/about ...因……困窘(尤指在社交场合)→ embarrassing /ɪmˈbærəsɪŋ/ adj.令人尴尬的,使人难堪的;→ embarrass /ɪmˈbærəs/ v.(使)尴尬,窘迫;使难堪,使为难;→ embarrassment /ɪmˈbærəsmənt/ n.窘迫,难堪;使人为难的人或事物;2.awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/adj.令人尴尬的;笨拙的an awkward silence 一阵令人尴尬的沉默awkward questions 棘手的问题→ awkwardly adv.笨拙地;无技巧地→ awkwardness n.尴尬;笨拙1.difficult /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ adj.困难的;棘手的2.inconvenient /ˌɪnkənˈviːniənt/ adj.不方便的3.clumsy /ˈklʌmzi/ adj.笨拙的4.ashamed /əˈʃeɪmd/ adj.尴尬的;羞愧的;羞耻的尴尬”的反义词fortable /ˈkʌmftəb(ə)l/ adj.舒适的2.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj.方便的3.handy /ˈhændi/adj.便利的;灵巧的三、好奇1.curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/ adj.好奇的be curious about 对……感到好奇[e.g.]She was curious about the news.她对这个新闻感到好奇。
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(生气+困惑+平静+特别)
高考英语核心形容词和副词一、生气1.angry /ˈæŋɡri/ adj.生气的【近】annoyed adj.恼怒的【反】delighted adj.高兴的;令人愉快的get angry 生气;发脾气be angry at/with sb./sth.生……的气[e.g.] I was really angry with her.我很生她的气。
[e.g.]There is no need being angry with others about the mistakes they unconsciously make.{应用文—建议信}没必要为别人无心犯下的错和他们生气。
make sb.angry 使某人生气[e.g.] It made me really angry.我很生气。
2.mad /mæd/ adj.生气的;发疯的like mad 疯狂地;极快地go mad 疯了be mad at/with sb.对某人生气[e.g.]You are not supposed to be mad at your sister.你不该对你妹妹生气。
be mad for sb./sth.为某人/某物着迷[e.g.]Tom is mad for basketball.汤姆对篮球十分着迷。
make/drive sb.mad 使人恼火[e.g.]Her silly questions drives me mad.她愚蠢的提问使我恼火。
【扩展】furious /ˈfjʊəriəs/ adj.生气的二、困惑1.puzzled /ˈpʌz(ə)ld/ adj.感到困惑的puzzled look 迷惑的表情be puzzled about/at/as to…对……感到困惑[e.g.]I have been puzzled as to why British people like to talk about weather.{应用文—书信}我一直很困惑为什么英国人喜欢谈论天气。
2020高考英语课标:形容词与副词
专题三 形容词与副词
考点整合
新题演练
专题三 形容词与副词
第一部分
专题三 形容词与副词
考点整合
新题演练
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突破点一 突破点二 突破点三
形容词和副词的词义辨析 考查方向 1.表示关联和过渡作用的副 词:therefore,thus,however,though,nevertheless,instead,besides,moreov
er,furthermore,anyway,anyhow,meanwhile,similarly,otherwise,additio nally等。
2.使用频率较高的形容词和副 词:rather,surprised,surprising,happy,available,especially,particularly,ev
第一部分
专题三 形容词与副词
考点整合
突破点一 突破点二 突破点三
新题演练
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6.many more和much more都是“更多的”的意思,但前者接复数名 词,后者接不可数名词。
注意:(1)比较级的重复使用错误。 如:He is cleverer/more clever than his brother.(正确) 但:He is more cleverer than his brother.(错误)
考查方向 1.as...as...为同级比较,经常以下面几种形式呈现: (1)as+原级+as...表示“和……一样……”,其否定式not as/so+原级 +as...,意为“不如……一样……” (2)as many+复数名词+as...和as much+不可数名词+as... (3)as+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词+as... 2.表示不同程度比较时有两种形式: (1)比较级+than...(前者胜过后者) (2)less+原级+than...(前者不如后者) 如:This book is less interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。
英语高考形容词和副词
8.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop. 答案:He liked it so the shop. much that he quickly walked into
语法部分
第四讲 形容词和副词
考点一 考点二
First of all,choose a book which is neither too difficulty nor too easy for you.If you find it too hardly to go on with the book,just put it aside for a moment and change it for an easy one.Therefore,choose books that not only interest you but benefit from you , since reading is not always for fun only.Finally,do make the most of dictionaries,as dictionaries are your best teacher. I hope my advice will be of greatly help to you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua
2.(2017· 高考全国卷Ⅱ)They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together.
答案: They often get up earlier and water the vegetables early together.
高考英语形容词与副词考点归纳ppt课件
• 3) 表示地点的副词常放在句末;表示 确定时间的副词放在句首或句末;表 示方式的副词词通常放在“动词(+宾语)” 之后,也可放在其它位置;同时有表 示时间、地点和方式的副词时,其顺 序一般为:方式+地点+时间。如:
• ________ I went to the railway station to see my friend off. (全国卷)
• 3. ________, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (上海卷)
• A. Strangely enough B. Enough
strangely
C. Strange enough
C. to open
D. opening
• 副词:修饰动词、形容词、其它副词或 全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等 概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。
• It’s raining heavily. 雨下得很大。
• It’s a rather interesting job. (副词rather 修饰形容词interesting)
• A. so well
B. so good
• C. well enough D. good enough
• 2. If I had ________, I’d visit Europe, stopping at the small interesting places.
• A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough
高中英语2024届高考复习核心形容词副词汇总(公平+积极消极+可能+熟悉+突然+严格)
高考英语核心形容词副词一、公平1.fair /feə(r)/ adj.公平的it is fair to say that…可以说……[e.g.] It is fair to say that the Internet has changed people's life dramatically.议论文—互联网可以说互联网极大程度地改变了人们的生活。
→ fairness /ˈfeənəs/ n.公平→ fairly /ˈfeəli/ adv.相当地;公平地;简直→ unfair /ˌʌnˈfeə(r)/ adj.不公平的2.just /dʒʌst/ adj.公正的[e.g.] Be just to all, but trust not all.要公正对待所有人,但不要轻信所有人。
→ justice /ˈdʒʌstɪs/ n.正义→ justly /ˈdʒʌstli/ adv.公正地;正当地→ justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/ v.证明合法→ justified /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪd/ adj.有正当理由的;合乎情理的3.impartial /ɪmˈpɑːʃ(ə)l/ adj.公正的[e.g.] He is an impartial judge.他是位公正的法官。
→ partial /ˈpɑːʃ(ə)l/ adj.不公平的4.unbiased /ʌnˈbaɪəst/ adj.没有偏见的[e.g.] There is no clear and unbiased information available for consumers. 没有清楚公正的信息提供给消费者。
→ bias /ˈbaɪəs/ n.误差5.objective /əbˈdʒektɪv/ adj.客观的(不为个人偏见兴趣、感情或看法所左右)[e.g.] It's hard to give an objective opinion about your close friends. 很难对自己的好朋友作出客观的评价。
高考英语一轮复习语法部分专题二第四讲形容词副词和比较等级学案北师大版
第四讲形容词、副词和比较等级A组单句语法填空1.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像)done so he called all great artists to come and present their ________(fine)work,so that he could choose the best.解析:考查形容词最高级。
根据句意可知,皇帝命令所有知名画家献上他们最好的作品。
答案:finest2.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山),more so ________ the familiar near side.解析:考查连词。
本句中含有more,空格后为比较对象,因此本空应填than。
答案:than3.(2020·浙江卷1月)The first is declining birth rates,which means old generations are large compared to younger generations,and so,on average,the population becomes ________(old)than before.解析:考查形容词比较级。
结合句意及下文的than before可知,这里意为“比以前更加年老”,故填older。
答案:older4.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)He screams the________(loud)of all.The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.解析:loudest 考查副词的比较等级。
高考英语语法复习 专题04 形容词和副词(知识精讲)牛津译林版
专题04形容词和副词知识精讲一、形容词和副词的基本用法(一)形容词在句中的作用1.形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语①形容词作定语时的位置问题:通常放置被修饰的名词前,但是下列情况需后置:▲形容词短语作定语This is a language difficult to master.这是一门难以掌握的语言。
In the distance there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.远处有一座180英尺的斜塔。
He is a student worth of praise.他是个值得表扬的学生。
▲表语形容词(参考下列3)作定语He is indeed a Lei Feng alive.他真是个活雷锋。
▲形容词修饰不定代词Someone strange is asking to see you.有个陌生人要见你。
Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to our plan.发生了一些意想不到的事情,我们不得不对我们的计划做些改变。
▲else修饰疑问代词和不定代词No one else can answer the question.其他没有人能回答这个问题。
What else do you want to say? 你想还说点什么?②多个形容词作定语时的词序为:大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途(熟记下列顺口溜:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠)。
It’s a _______ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.A. charming French smallB. French small charmingC. small French charmingD. charming small French【答案与解析】D。
语法第四讲 形容词副词
形容词
形容词:用来修饰或说明名词, 表示名词的属性,补充说明它 的意思.在句中主要作定语, 表语,宾语补足语,状语等.
形容词的用法
一.作定语 1.前置定语: ①形容词作定语一般放在它所修饰的名 词之前并尽量靠近被修饰的名词,在这种 位置上的定语叫前置定语. 语序1: “冠词(或其他限定词)+形容词+ 名词” This is an interesting story-book. China is a great country.
happy simple clever narrow careful useful quickly difficult beautiful
happier simpler cleverer narrower
more careful more useful more quickly
happiest simplest cleverest narrowes t
(4)表示“处所,方位,时间”的 形容词,如:ahead, daily, weekly, here, now, present, then, backward, outside, future, once 等 (5)表示“状态和强调”的形容词, 如:asleep, ashamed, awake, aware, blind, deaf, naked, favorite, hardly等
most careful most useful most quickly
音
词 多 音 节 词
more 和 most 型
在其前面加more和 most
more difficult more beautiful
most difficult most beautiful
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第四讲形容词和副词单句语法填空1.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and it ’s always energetic (energy).2.(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)A taste for meat is actually (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.3.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)The Central London Railway was one of the most successful (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.4.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However, be careful (care) not to go to extremes.5.(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even worse (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. 6.(2017·全国Ⅲ)It is certainly (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.7.(2017·6月浙江高考)But something made her look closer, and she noticed a shiny/shining (shine) object.8.(2017·6月浙江高考)Sixteen years earlier (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.一、形容词、副词的原级比较1.“as +形容词/副词原级+as”与“not +as/so +形容词/副词原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同/不同。
①Actually, Jack is as old as Jim. 事实上,杰克和吉姆(年龄)一样大。
②He doesn ’t run so/as fast as his younger brother. 他没有他弟弟跑得快。
2.当as ... as 结构中有名词时,可用以下结构: ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧as +形容词原级+a (n )+可数名词单数+as as +many +可数名词复数+as as +much +不可数名词+as①Today is as busy a day as yesterday. 今天跟昨天一样忙。
②Henry does not have so/as many books as I have.亨利的书没有我的书多。
3.“as+形容词原级+as+具体数字”表示“高/深/多……达……”。
①The temperature here is as high as 39℃.这里的气温高达39摄氏度。
②The building is as tall as 100 meters.这座楼高达100米。
二、形容词、副词的比较级1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则(1)规则变化[名师指津]①有少数几个双音节形容词,既可以加-er和-est,又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。
这些双音节词是:common, handsome, quiet, wicked, pleasant, cruel, stupid, tired和以-ow, -er结尾的词。
②有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度,因此没有比较级和最高级。
这类形容词有:right (正确的), wrong (错误的), excellent (优秀的), possible (可能的), empty (空的)等。
(2)不规则变化2.(1)比较级+than ...“比……更”;less ...than“不如……”。
Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library.在网上搜索信息要比在图书馆里方便。
(2)比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather, much, still, even, far, any (用于否定句或疑问句), a lot, a little, a great deal, by far, a bit等。
—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.—Why? It’s far more interesting than the films I have ever seen.——我不得不说这部电影真的没意思。
——为什么?它比我看过的所有电影都有意思。
(3)the+比较级,the+比较级表示“越……,越……”。
The earlier the treatment is given, the better chance of recovery the patient has.病人越早接受治疗,康复的可能性就越大。
(4)the+比较级+of (the)+名词/代词表示“(两者中)较……的”。
Of the two cameras, I would prefer the smaller one, which is very easy for me to carry.这两个照相机,我喜欢较小的一个,它方便携带。
三、形容词、副词的最高级1.三者或三者以上的比较用最高级。
表示范围的标志词有in, of, among 等。
Raymond ’s parents wanted him to have the best possible education. 雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的教育。
2.最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词, by far, nearly, almost 等。
This is by far the most inspiring movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。
3.最高级含义的其他表达法。
(1)“否定词语+比较级”或“否定词语+such/so ... as ”结构表示最高级含义。
—Do you think that the 2016 Rio Olympic Games were a success? —Yes, absolutely! It couldn ’t be better . ——你认为2016年里约奥运会成功吗? ——是的,绝对成功!没有比它更好的了。
(2)比较级形式表示最高级含义。
比较级+than +⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧any other +可数名词单数all (the ) other +可数名词复数anything/anyone elseJulia is taller than any other girl in her class. →Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. →Julia is the tallest girl in her class. 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。
4.the last 表示“最不可能的”“最不适合的”“最不希望的”等。
The last thing they want is to work in the red areas where life is hard. 他们最不乐意的是在生活艰难的红色区域里工作。
四、形容词(短语)作状语形容词(短语)作状语表示伴随或结果,通常用来说明主语的情况,表示主语的状态、性质、特征等,但并不表示动作的方式。
①He stared at the footprint, full of fear . 他盯着脚印看,内心充满了恐惧。
②Helpless, we watched our home destroyed before our eyes. 我们束手无策,只能眼睁睁地看着自己的家园被毁掉。
五、副词作评论性状语连接副词和修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词,通常位于句首。
有时也用于句中或句尾。
Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.谢天谢地,我终于打完比赛了,所有的辛苦都是值得的。
[知识积累]形容词和副词的词性转换1.常见的形容词后缀2.形容词转换为副词[典题精选][我来改正][常设误点]①(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)My grandpasaid last summer they earned quitea lot by selling the fish. I felthappily that their life had improved.②(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. ①happily→happy②suddenly→sudden(1)形容词与副词的错用①系动词后作表语应用形容词而不用副词;②修饰动词应用副词而不用形容词;修饰名词应用形容词而不用副词。
③I found the test difficult, but Itried hardly to do it.③hardly→hard (2)形近引起的错用④(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. ④late→later 有些词词形看似差不多但实际词意相差甚远,例如:①hard用作副词时表示“努力地”,而hardly表示“几乎不”;②sometimes表示“有时”,而sometime表示“某个时候”。
⑤(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.They were also the best and worse years in my life.⑥(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They often getup earlier and water the vegetables together.⑦(2019·万州二中一模)Moreover, it shows that people are becoming richer and the country is much more stronger.⑧(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. ⑤worse→worst⑥earlier→early⑦去掉more⑧late→latest(3)比较等级的错用①比较级与最高级的错用。