十年六级真题阅读理解重点单词及难句翻译

1999年1月

Passage 3

1.Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation

2.Underpinnings：支柱

3.For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them：因为，正如我

们将要看到的那样，动力意味着人们获得享受的能力

4.We also use categorizations colored by emotion s in our families, communities,

and overall society：我们也带着感情色彩对我们的家庭、社区和整个社会进行分类

5.In fact, society exploit s our emotional reactions and attitudes：事实上，社会

利用了我们情感上的反应和态度

6.It give high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as

surgery, makes heroes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts：社会给予外科医生等从事重要工作的人很高的奖励，将战争中的战斗机驾驶员等做出不寻常或具有危险性成就的人树为英雄，并利用刑法体系使人们不敢从事反社会的行为。

1999年6月

Passage 1

1.We sometimes think humans are uniquely vulnerable to anxiety：我们有时认

为人类是唯一对忧虑脆弱的动物。

2.Passively

3.One of the most startling examples of ……一个最令人震惊的例子

4.Suppress

Passage 3

1．Groan [grəun]：vi./ n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音

2．The universities have threatened to impose an admission fee on students to plug a gap in revenue if the government does not act to improve their finances and scrap some public spending cut-backs.如果政府不采取行动改善高校的财政状况，不废除某些公共服务开支削减计划，一些大学已威胁说他们将向学生强行收取学费以弥补经费不足。

scrap[skræp]：n.碎片；废金属；[pl.]剩饭；点滴；vt.废弃，废除

cut-back：削减

3．The government responded to the universities’ threat by setting up the most fundamental review of higher education for a generation ,under a non-party troubleshooter, sir Ron Dearing.政府对大学的这一威胁做出回应，请无党派人士罗恩·迪尔林爵士对一代人的高等教育进行一次最基本的审查。

sir：n.先生；[S-用于姓名前]…爵士

non-party：无党派

4．troubleshooter：1发现并修理机器故障的人；2 解决纷争的人;解决困难的人；调停人。

5．strain[strein]：n.拉紧[ pl.]旋律vt.扭伤；绷紧vi.尽力6．Suspend：vt.暂停，中止；悬，挂，吊

7．The whole concept of what a university should be is under the microscope.人们正以挑剔的眼光看待大学应该是什么这一概念。

8．A loan scheme for tuition fees：学费贷款项目

9．Lifelong learning：终身学习

10．Refer to students as consumers：把学生当成消费者

11．The times newspaper agrees, complaining that quality has suffered as student numbers soared, with close tutorial supervision giving way to“mass production methods more typical of European universities.”《泰晤士报》同意政府的态度，并批评道，由于欧洲大学里具有代表性的大批量培养人才的方式取代了英国传统的导师监管制，扩招已导致教学质量下降。

2000年1月

Passage 3

1.Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried（已定的，

惯常的，不可更改的）：有关冲突的传统至理名言似乎相当陈腐

2.optimal：最佳的，最理想的

Passage 4

1.Which contain a compound called olestra：包含一种叫做olestra的混合物

2.It’s up to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep

eating：因此，要由消费者来决定这种新的无脂肪产品是否口味够好，值得经常吃。

2000年6月

Passage 1

1.Institute austerity program to reduce imports：制定了减少进口的紧缩计划

2.It represented the first national commitment to provide greater economic

stability for farmers：这就意味着国家将首次允诺为农民提供更为稳定的经济条件。

3.The law gave the Secretary of Agriculture the power to reduce production

through voluntary agreements with farmers who were paid to take their land out of use. A deliberate scarcity of farm products was planned in an effort to raise prices：这个法律赋予农业部长权力同农民自愿订立协议，通过给他们补偿以减少耕地面积。

4.故意造成农产品的短缺是为了提高价格。

5.This law was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court on the grounds

that general taxes were being collected to pay one special group of the people.

最高法院以用全民的税收付给一个特殊人群为由，宣布该法律违反宪法6.Achieved the same result of resting soil and providing flood-control measures,

but which were based on the principle of soil conservation：达到休养土地、提供抗洪措施的同样结果，但都是基于保养耕地的原则。

7.It was not simply a plan to help farmers at the expense of other citizens：它不

完全是通过损其他公民的利益来帮助农民的计划。

Passage 2

1.But as useful as computers are, they’re nowhere close to achieving anything

remotely resembling these early aspirations for human-like behavior：但是，尽管电脑非常有用，它们在实现行为动作像人的这些早期愿望方面还差太远。

2.Never mind something as complex as conversation：更不要说像谈话一样复

杂的事情了

3.Takes a closer look at the more roundabout way in which nature came up with

intelligence：更为密切地关注自然赶上智能的更间接方式

4.The results of there early efforts are as promising as they are peculiar, and the

new nature-based AI movement is slowly but surely moving to the forefront of the filed：早期工作的结果是奇特的，也是有前途的，而基于自然的人工智能新动向的确正缓慢走向该领域的最前沿。

5.Many of the brain’s capabilities stem from the pattern-recognition proficiency

of the individual molecules that make up each brain cell：

Passage 3

1.Offer only marginal improvements：只提供枝节上的改进

2.Mass-transit ridership：公共交通工具乘坐者数

3.But they would lead to only marginal reductions in pollution and greenhouse

emissions：但它们只能少量地减少污染和温室气体排放

2001年1月

passage2

1．A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that end up debunking a widely practiced medical treatment.一个9岁女学生独自设计一个公开的科学实验，最终揭穿了一种广泛采用的医疗方法的真相。End up doing：结束了……，以……结束

2．Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation ：显然注意到这种情况的宣传价值

mindful of：adj.注意....的,留心...的,不忘...的

3．practitioner：n.开业者(尤指医师、律师等)

4．Skeptic：n.怀疑者