2016专八翻译答案
2016英语专八考试汉译英部分答案及点评
2016英语专八考试汉译英部分答案及点评当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。
我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。
可是，我也愿意升学。
我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。
只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。
入学，要交十圆的保证金。
这是一笔巨款!母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。
她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。
当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。
我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了!”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。
中译英部分参考译文注：为帮助大家理解，沪江网校版提供了全文翻译，大家可以对照学习，回忆自己考场上完成的划线部分翻译。
After I graduated from primary school, relatives and friends all suggested that I should dropout and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood torelieve mother of hard work and distress, I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learningsecretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school whichprovided free uniforms, books, room and board. To enter the school, I had to pay ten Yuan asa deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However, after two weeks’ tougheffort, mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. Shewould spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed theschoolmaster after graduation, mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her, "you canhave a rest in the future." but she replied nothing, only with tears streaming down her face.点评：本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。
2016专八真题翻译
变换之快，亦有惜时之意在 人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人， 其中。
必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张 感。
They listened to the murmur of the • 他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河， river. 他们倾听河里潺潺的流水声。 都一去不复返。
murmuring adj.嘟囔的；低声喃喃的
• With the passage of time, the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow. People naturally have a sense of urgency to value every bit of time.
• They have found that the flowing water,
either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns.
• 流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯 黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。
single minute and make a hurried action ,which
adds a sense of tension to the word.
2016专八真题
—翻译
请将下面一段话中划线的部分翻译成英语。
•
流逝，表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。 “子在川上曰，逝者如斯夫。”他们发现无 论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复 返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就 是孔子的一句名言，形容时
间像流水一样不停地流逝， 枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。流逝也许是 一去不复返，感慨人生世事 缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使
【星火英语版】2016年英语专八考试参考答案
来源：星火英语说明：以下答案仅供考生估分参考使用，最终答案请以4月份上市的《星火英语专八全真试卷》、《星火英语专八真题详解+标准预测》为准。
SECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. the dialectical model2. common and fixed3. premises4. opposition/arguing5. arguments as performances/the rhetorical model6. participating7. convince8. how we argue9. tactics10. negotiation and collaboration11. they’re dead ends12. learning with losing13. questions14. achieve positive effects15. be self-supportedSECTION B INTERVIEW1.What is the topic of the interview?答案：C. Maggie’s view on studying with Mom.2.Which of the following indicates that they have the same study schedule?答案：A. They take exams in the same weeks.3.What do the mother and daughter have in common as students?答案：D. Taking notes by hand.4.What is the biggest advantage of studying with Mom?答案：D. Encouragement.5.What is the biggest disadvantage of studying with Mom?答案：B. Occasional interference from Mom.6.Why is parent and kids studying together a common case?答案：A. Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.7.What would Maggie’s Mom like to be after college?答案：C. Lawyer.8.How does Maggie’s Mom feel about sitting in class after thirty years?答案：D. Frustrated.9.What is most challenging for Maggie’s Mom?答案：C. To accept what is taught.10.How does Maggie describe the process of picking out one's career path?答案：B. Gradual.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE11. It can be learned from Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby through the summer.答案：[A] entertained guests from everywhere every weekend12. In Para. 4,the word “permeate” probably means .答案：［C］penetrate13. It can be inferred from Para. 8 that .答案：［B］people somehow ended up in Gatsby's house as guests14. According to Para. 10, the author felt at Gatsby’s party.答案：［D］awkward15. What can be concluded from Para. 11 about Gatsby?答案：［A］He was not expected to be present at the parties.PASSAGE TWO16. Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as .答案：［B］a representation of data from the human system17. Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the meaning of the first four paragraphs?答案：［B］Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.18. According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the internet and cyberspace security are .答案：［C］contradictory19. What could be the most appropriate title for the passage?答案：［A］Cyber Crime and Its Prevention.PASSAGE THREE20. It can be concluded from Para. 3 that the author was towards higher education.答案：［D］negative21. The following are current problems facing all American universities EXCEPT .答案：［B］low admission standards22. In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do all the following EXCEPT .答案：［C］increase undergraduate programs23. “Prime candidates” in Para. 10 is used as .答案：［B］metaphor24. What is the author's main argument in the passage?答案：［C］Academic standards are the main means to ensure educational quality.SECTION B SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS说明：这部分答案不是唯一，只要意思对了就可以。
2016年专八真题答案及解析
2016年专八真题答案及解析1、the dialectical model细节辨认题。
讲话者把辩论分为三种，其中提到：The first model-let’s call this the dialectical model-is that we think of arguments as war,and you know what that’s like-there’s a lot of screaming and shouting and winning and losing.第一种视辩论为战争的辩论模式称为the dialectical model辩证模式”，即为本题答案。
2、common and fixed细节辨认题。
讲话者在对第一种辩论模式进行介绍时提到：And that’s not really a very helpful model for arguing but it's a pretty common and fixed one.即虽然这种辩论模式不是一种非常有益的方式，但却十分常见并且深人人心，故本题答案为common and fixed。
3、premises细节理解题。
讲话者在对第二种辩论模式进行介绍时提到，人们在进行这种辩论时始终在思考Are the premises warranted.也就是说人们在进行辩论时会思考辩论的前提是否有理有据，将听力材料中的一般疑问句转换为陈述句，从而确定本题答案为premises。
4、opposition/arguing细节辨认题。
针对数学家式辩论，讲话者提到No opposition，no adversarial-not necessarily any arguing in the adversarial sense.也就是说，辩论双方既没有反对，也没有争论，故本题答案为opposition或arguing。
5、arguments as performances/the rhetorical model细节理解题。
英语专业八级翻译练习及答案
英语专业八级翻译练习及答案英语专业八级翻译练习及答案（通用5篇）大家在英语学习的过程当中都会接触到英语翻译，这对于一个英语专业的学生很重要，下面是店铺给大家整理的关于英语专业八级翻译练习及答案，欢迎大家阅读！英语专业八级翻译练习及答案 1近代的上海，十里洋场，自开埠以来，固然有许多辛酸的不平等的血泪史，固然有许多污泥浊水，这里被称为是"冒险家的乐园"，这里有鸦片，有荡妇，有赌棍，使人纸醉金迷，乃至使人堕落。
可是，上海这座近代大城市却更有它的另一面，它有活力、它聪慧、革新、进取，它敢于担风险，有竞争意识及机制，这种城市意识或风格，使人奋发，跟上时代，走向进步。
(参考译文)In the contemporary period, Shanghai as a metropolis infested by foreign adventurers has indeed recorded, since the opening of its commercial port, a bitter, blood-and-tear history of many miseries and inequalities. Referred to as the Paradise of Adventurers, Shanghai was indeed home to "human sludge and filth" where one could find opium, dissolute women and gamblers. It was a place that made people indulge in luxury and dissipation and given to sensuous pleasures, even inducing people to become degenerate. However, there is a different and more important picture of Shanghai as a modern metropolis. It has been full of vitality and vigor, displaying its unique intelligence and wisdom, characterized by an innovative and enterprising spirit. It has the courage to assume risks and is in possession of both the awareness and the mechanism of competition. Such a metropolitan mentality or style inspires its residents, encouraging them to keep abreast with the changingepochs and to make efforts toward greater progress.英语专业八级翻译练习及答案 2（原文）wnauy徐霞客一生周游考察了16个省，足迹几乎遍及全国。
2016专八真题翻译题及答案详解
2016年专八翻译题及答案详解“流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉.子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫。
”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。
流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人,必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。
【参考译文1】They have found that the flowing water, either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns。
With the passage of time，the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow。
People naturally have a sense of urgency to value every bit of time。
As time goes by, no matter how slowly it elapses，people always use the word “liushi” to warn the later generations for fear of time’s flowing away. They tell their descendants to treasure every single minute and make a hurried action，which adds a sense of tension to the word.【参考译文2】They find that either a murmuring stream or a mighty river has gone forever and that the passage of time turns a young man into an old one, and yellows of the grass, which sends a massage of how time flies. Maybe the passing of time is slow. But no matter how slow it is，it mak es people so fearful that they use “passage” to warn the later generations to rush. And the use of “passage” also infuses a sense of tension into the word。
英语专业八级考试翻译历届试题及参考答案
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important” and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards andgardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
2016英语专业八级真题参考答案
PartⅠ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTURE1. the dialectical modelmon and fixed3.Premises4.opposition/arguing5.arguments as performances/the rhetorical model6.Participating7.Convince8.how we argue9.Tactics10.negotiation and collaboration11.they’re dead ends12.learning with losing13.Questions14.achieve positive effects15.be self-supportedSECTIONBINTERVIEW1. What is the topic of the interview?答案：C. Maggie’s view on studying with Mom.2. Which of the following indicates that they have the same study schedule?答案：A. They take exams in the same weeks.3. What do the mother and daughter have in common as stude nts?答案：D. Taking notes by hand.4. What is the biggest advantage of studying with Mom?答案：D. Encouragement.5. What is the biggest disadvantage of studying with Mom?答案：B. Occasional interference from Mom.6. Why is parent and kids studying together a common case?答案：A. Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.7. What would Maggie’s Mom like to be after college?答案：C. Lawyer.8. How does Mag gie’s Mom feel about sitting in class after thirty years?答案：D. Frustrated.9. What is most challenging for Maggie’s Mom?答案：C. To accept what is taught.10. How does Maggie describe the process of picking out one 's career path?答案：B. Gradual.PartⅡ READI NG COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSPASSAGE ONE11. It can be learned from Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby ______ through the summer.答案：[A] entertained guests from everywhere every weekend12. In Para. 4, the word “permeate”probably means______.答案：［C］penetrate13. It can be inferred from Para. 8 that______.答案：［B］people somehow ended up in Gatsby's house as guests14. According to Para. 10, the author felt______at Gatsby’s party.答案：［D］awkward15. What can be concluded from Para. 11 about Gatsby?答案：［A］He was not expected to be present at the parties.PASSAGE TWO16. Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as______.答案：［B］a representation of data from the human system17. Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the me aning of the first four paragraphs?答案：［B］Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.18. According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the i nternet and cyberspace security are______.答案：［C］contradictory19. What could be the most appropriate title for the passag e?答案：［A］Cyber Crime and Its Prevention.PASSAGE THREE20. It can be concluded from Para. 3 that the author was__ ____towards higher education.答案：［D］negative21. The following are current problems facing all American u niversities EXCEPT______.答案：［B］low admission standards22. In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do all the following EXCEPT______.答案：［C］increase undergraduate programs23. “Prime candidates”in Para. 10 is used as______.答案：［B］metaphor24. What is the author's main argument in the passage?答案：［C］Academic standards are the main means to ensure educational quality.SECTION B SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS说明：这部分答案不是唯一，只要意思对了就可以。
2016年英语专八考试真题及答案
QUESTION BOOKLETTEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2016)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIT: 150 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.1. A. Maggie’s university life.B. Her mom’s life at Harvard.C. Maggie’s view on studying with Mom.D. Maggie’s opinion on her mom’s major.2. A. They take exams in the same weeks.B. They have similar lecture notes.C. They apply for the same internship.D. They follow the same fashion.3. A. Having roommates.B. Practicing court trails.C. Studying together.D. Taking notes by hand.4. A. Protection.B. Imagination.C. Excitement.D. Encouragement.5. A. Thinking of ways to comfort Mom.B. Occasional interference from Mom.C. Ultimately calls when Maggie is busy.D. Frequent check on Maggie’s grades.Now, listen to the Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.6. A. Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.B. Because parents love to return to college.C. Because kids require their parents to do so.D. Because kids find it hard to adapt to college life.7. A. Real estate agent.B. Financier.C. Lawyer.D. Teacher.8. A. Delighted.B. Excited.C. Bored.D. Frustrated.9. A. How to make a cake.B. How to make omelets.C. To accept what is taught.D. To plan a future career.10. A. Unsuccessful.B. Gradual.C. Frustrating.D. Passionate.PART II READING COMPREHENSION [45 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his raft or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes（滑水板）over cataracts of foam. On weekends Mr. Gatsby’s Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with scrubbing-brushes and hammer and garden-shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.(2)Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New York –every Monday these same oranges and lemons left his back door in a pyramid of pulpless halves. There was a machine in the kitchen which could extract the juice of two hundred oranges in half an hour, if a little button was pressed two hundred times by a butler’s thumb.(3)At least once a fortnight a corps of caterers came down with several hundred feet of canvas and e nough colored lights to make a Christmas tree of Gatsby’s enormous garden. On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d’oeuvre（冷盘）, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold. In themain hall a bar with a real brass rail was set up, and stocked with gins and liquors and with cordials（加香甜酒）so long forgotten that most of his female guests were too young to know one from another.(4)By seven o’clock the orchestra has arrived– no thin five-piece affair but a whole pitful of oboes and trombones and saxophones and viols and cornets and piccolos and low and high drums. The last swimmers have come in from the beach now and are dressing upstairs; the cars from New York are parked five deep in the drive, and already the halls and salons and verandas are gaudy with primary colors and hair shorn in strange new ways, and shawls beyond the dreams of Castile. The bar is in full swing, and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the garden outside until the air is alive with chatter and laughter and casual innuendo and introductions forgotten on the spot and enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each other’s names.(5)The lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away from the sun and now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music and the opera of voices pitches a key higher. Laughter is easier, minute by minute, spilled with prodigality, tipped out at a cheerful word.(6)The groups change more swiftly, swell with new arrivals, dissolve and form in the same breath –already there are wanderers, confident girls who weave here and there among the stouter and more stable, become for a sharp, joyous moment the center of a group and then excited with triumph glide on through the sea-change of faces and voices and color under the constantly changing light.(7)Suddenly one of these gypsies in trembling opal, seizes a cocktail out of the air, dumps it down for courage and moving her hands like Frisco dances out alone on the canvas platform. A momentary hush; the orchestra leader varies his rhythm obligingly for her and there is a burst of chatter as the erroneous news goes around that she is Gilda Gray’s understudy from the Folies. The party has begun.(8)I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby’s house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited – they went there. They got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island and somehow they ended up at Gatsby’s door. Once there they were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby, and after that they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks. Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of admission.(9)I had been actually invited. A chauffeur in a uniform crossed my lawn early that Saturday morning with a surprisingly formal note from his employer –the honor would be entirely Gatsby’s, it said, if I would attend his “little party” that night. He had seen me several times and had intended to call on me long before but a peculiar combination of circumstances had prevented it – signed Jay Gatsby in a majestic hand.(10)Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn a little after seven and wandered around rather ill-at-ease among swirls and eddies of people I didn’t know –though here and there was a face I had noticed on the commuting train. I was immediately struck by the number of young Englishmen dotted about; all well dressed, all looking a little hungry and all talking in low earnest voices to solid and prosperous Americans. I was sure that they were selling something: bonds or insurance or automobiles. They were, at least, agonizingly aware of the easy money in the vicinity and convinced that it was theirs for a few words in the right key.(11)As soon as I arrived I made an attempt to find my host but the two or three people of whom I asked his whereabouts stared at me in such an amazed way and denied so vehemently any knowledge of his movements that I slunk off in the direction of the cocktail table – the only place in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone.11.It can be inferred form Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby ______ through the summer.A.entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB.invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC.liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD.indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12.In Para.4, the word “permeate” probably means ______.A.perishB.pushC.penetrateD.perpetrate13.It can be inferred form Para. 8 that ______.A.guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB.people somehow ended up in Gatsby’s house as guestsC.Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD.guests behaved themselves in a rather formal manner14.According to Para. 10, the author felt ______ at Gatsby’s party.A.dizzyB.dreadfulC.furiousD.awkward15.What can be concluded from Para.11 about Gatsby?A.He was not expected to be present at the parties.B.He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C.He was usually out of the house at the weekend.D.He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO(1)The Term “CYBERSPACE” was coined by William Gibson, a science-fiction writer. He first used it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “Neuromancer”, whose main character, Henry Dorsett Case, is a troubled computer hacker and drug addict. In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as “a consensual hall ucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators” and “a graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system.”(2)His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient（有先见之明的）. Cyberspace has become shorthand for the computing devices, networks, fibre-optic cables, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The myriad connections forged by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to tap into humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day.(3)But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data breaches are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through such attacks. Among the most prominent recent victims has been Target, whose chief executive, Gregg Steinhafel, stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant American retailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-card details. Other well-known firms such as Adobe, a tech company, and eBay, an online marketplace, have also been hit.(4) The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such commercial incursions. Wider concerns have been raised by the revelations about the mass surveillance carried out by Western intelligence agencies made by Edward Snowden, a contractor to America’s National Security Agency (NSA), as well as by the growing numbers of cyber-warriors being recruited by countries that see cyberspace as a new domain of warfare. America’s president, Barack Obama, said in a White House press release earlier this year that cyber-threats “pose one of the gravest national-security dangers” the country is facing.(5)Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not security. Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not worry much about threats because the network was affi liated with America’s military. As hackers turned up, layers of security, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a research firm, reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent $67 billion on information security.(6)On the whole, these defenses have worked reasonably well. For all the talk about the risk of a “cyber 9/11”, the internet has proved remarkably resilient. Hundreds of millions of people turn on their computers every day and bank online, shop at virtual stores, swap gossip and photos with their friends on social networks and send all kinds of sensitive data over the web without ill effect. Companies and governments are shifting ever more services online.(7)But the task is becoming harder. Cyber-security, which involves protecting both data and people, is facing multiple threats, notably cybercrime and online industrial espionage, both of which are growing rapidly. A recent estimate by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), puts the annual global cost of digital crime and intellectual-property theft at $445 billion – a sum roughly equivalent to the GDP of a smallish rich European country such as Austria.(8)To add to the worries, there is also the risk of cyber-sabotage. Terrorists or agents of hostile powers could mount attacks on companies and systems that control vital parts of an economy, including power stations, electrical grids and communications networks. Such attacks are hard to pull off, but not impossible. One precedent is the destruction in 2010 of centrifuges （离心机）at a nuclear facility in Iran by a computer program known as Stuxnet.(9)But such events are rare. The biggest day-to-day threats faced by companies and government agencies come from crooks and spooks hoping to steal financial data and trade secrets. For example, smarter, better-organized hackers are making life tougher for the cyber-defenders, but the report will argue that even so a number of things can be done to keep everyone safer than they are now.(10)One is to ensure that organizations get the basics of cyber-security right. All too often breaches are caused by simple blunders, such as failing to separate systems containing sensitive data from those that do not need access to them. Companies also need to get better at anticipating where attacks may be coming from and at adapting their defences swiftly in response to new threats. Technology can help, as can industry initiatives that allow firms to share intelligence about risks with each other.(11)There is also a need to provide incentives to improve cyber-security, be they carrots or sticks. One idea is to encourage internet-service providers, or the companies that manage internet connections, to shoulder more responsibility for identifying and helping to clean up computers infected with malicious software. Another is to find ways to ensure that software developers produce code with fewer flaws in it so that hackers have fewer security holes to exploit.(12)An additional reason for getting tech companies to give a higher priority to security is that cyberspace is about to undergo another massive change. Over the next few years billions of new devices, from cars to household appliances and medical equipment, will be fitted with tiny computers that connect them to the web and make them more useful. Dubbed “the internet of things”, this is already making it possible, for example, to control home appliances using smartphone apps and to monitor medical devices remotely.(13)But unless these systems have adequate security protection, the internet of things could easily become the internet of new things to be hacked. Plenty of people are eager to take advantage of any weaknesses they may spot. Hacking used to be about geeky college kids tapping away in their bedrooms to annoy their elders. It has grown up with a vengeance.16.Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as ______.A. a function only legitimate computer operators haveB. a representation of data from the human systemC.an important element stored in the human systemD.an illusion held by the common computer users17.Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the meaning of the first fourparagraphs?A.Cyberspace has more benefits than defects.B.Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.C.Cyberspace symbolizes technological advance.D.Cyberspace still remains a sci-fi notion.18.According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the internet and cyberspace security are______.A.controversialplimentaryC.contradictoryD.congruent19.What could be the most appropriate title for the passage?A.Cyber Crime and Its Prevention.B.The Origin of Cyber Crime.C.How to Deal with Cyber Crime.D.The Definition of Cyber Crime.PASSAGE THREE(1)You should treat skeptically the loud cries now coming from colleges and universities that the last bastion of excellence in American education is being gutted by state budget cuts and mounting costs. Whatever else it is, higher education is not a bastion of excellence. It is shot through with waste, lax academic standards and mediocre teaching and scholarship.(2)True, the economic pressures – from the Ivy League to state systems – are intense. Last year, nearly two-thirds of schools had to make midyear spending cuts to stay within their budgets. It is also true (as university presidents and deans argue) that relieving those pressures merely by raising tuitions and cutting courses will make matters worse. Students will pay more and get less. The university presidents and deans want to be spared from further government budget cuts. Their case is weak.(3)Higher education is a bloated enterprise. Too many professors do too little teaching to too many ill-prepared students. Costs can be cut and quality improved without reducing the number of graduates. Many colleges and universities should shrink. Some should go out of business. Consider:●Except for elite schools, admissions standards are low. About 70 percent of freshmen atfour-year colleges and universities attend their first-choice schools. Roughly 20 percent go to their second choices. Most schools have eagerly boosted enrollments to maximize revenues (tuition and state subsidies).●Dropout rates are high. Half or more of freshmen don’t get degrees. A recent study ofPhD programs at 10 major universities also found high dropout rates for doctoral candidates.●The attrition among undergraduates is particularly surprising because college standardshave apparently fallen. One study of seven top schools found widespread grade inflation.In 1963, half of the students in introductory philosophy courses got a B – or worse. By 1986, only 21 percent did. If elite schools have relaxed standards, the practice is almost surely widespread.●Faculty teaching loads have fallen steadily since the 1960s. In major universities, seniorfaculty members often do less than two hours a day of teaching. Professors are “socialized to publish, teach graduate students and spend as little time teaching (undergraduates) as possible,” concludes James Fairweather of Penn State University in a new study. Faculty pay consistently rises as undergraduate teaching loads drop.●Universities have encouraged an almost mindless explosion of graduate degrees. Since1960, the number of masters’ degrees awarded annually has risen more than fourfold to 337,000. Between 1965 and 1989, the annual number of MBAs (masters in business administration) jumped from 7,600 to 73,100.(4)Even so, our system has strengths. It boasts many top-notch schools and allows almost anyone to go to college. But mediocrity is pervasive. We push as many freshmen as possible through the door, regardless of qualifications. Because bachelors’ degrees are so common, we create more graduate degrees of dubious worth. Does anyone believe the MBA explosion has improved management?(5)You won’t hear much about this from college deans or university presidents. They created this mess and are its biggest beneficiaries. Large enrollments support large faculties. More graduate students liberate tenured faculty from undergraduate teaching to concentrate on writing and research: the source of status. Richard Huber, a former college dean, writes knowingly in a new book (“How Professors Play the Cat Guarding the Cream: Why We’re Paying More and Getting Less in Higher Education”): Presidents, deans and trustees ... call for more recognition of good teaching with prizes and salary incentives.(6)The reality is closer to the experience of Harvard University’s distinguished pal eontologist Stephen Jay Gould: “To be perfectly honest, though lip service is given to teaching, I have never seriously heard teaching considered in any meeting for promotion... Writing is the currency of prestige and promotion.”(7)About four-fifths of all students attend state-subsidized systems, from community colleges to prestige universities. How governors and state legislatures deal with their budget pressures will be decisive. Private schools will, for better or worse, be influenced by state actions. The states need to do three things.(8)First, create genuine entrance requirements. Today’s low standards tell high school students: You don’t have to work hard to go to college. States should change the message by raising tuitions sharply and coupling the increase with generous scholarships based on merit and income. To get scholarships, students would have to pass meaningful entrance exams. Ideally, the scholarships should be available for use at in-state private schools. All schools would then compete for students on the basis of academic quality and costs. Today’s system of general tuition subsidies provides aid to well-to-do families that don’t need it or to unqualified students who don’t deserve it.(8)Next, states should raise faculty teaching loads, mainly at four-year schools. (Teaching loads at community colleges are already high.) This would cut costs and reemphasize the primacy of teaching at most schools. What we need are teachers who know their fields and can communicate enthusiasm to students. Not all professors can be path-breaking scholars. The excessive emphasis on scholarship generates many unread books and mediocre articles in academic journals. “You can’t do more of one (research) without less of the other (teaching),”says Fairweather. “People are working hard – it’s just where they’re working.”(10)Finally, states should reduce or eliminate the least useful graduate programs. Journalism (now dubbed “communications”), business and education are prime candidates. A lot of what they teach can – and should – be learned on the job. If colleges and universities did a better job of teaching undergraduates, there would be less need for graduate degrees.(11)Our colleges and universities need to provide a better education to deserving students. This may mean smaller enrollments, but given today’s attrition rates, the number of graduates20.It can be concluded from Para.3 that the author was ______ towards the education.A.indifferentB.neutralC.positiveD.negative21.The following are current problems facing all American universities EXCEPT ______.A.high dropout ratesB.low admission standardsC.low undergraduate teaching loadsD.explosion of graduate degrees22.In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do all the followingEXCEPT ______.A.set entrance requirementsB.raise faculty teaching loadsC.increase undergraduate programsD.reduce useless graduate programs23.“Prime candidates” in Para. 10 is used as ________.A.euphemismB.metaphorC.analogyD.personification24.What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A.American education can remain excellent by ensuring state budget.B.Professors should teach more undergraduates than postgraduates.C.Academic standard are the main means to ensure educational quality.D.American education can remain excellent only by raising teaching quality. SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25.From the description of the party preparation, what words can you see to depict Gatby’sparty?26.How do you summarize the party scene in Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27.What do the cases of Target, Adobe and eBay in Para. 3 show?28.Why does the author say the task is becoming harder in Para. 7?29.What is the conclusion of the whole passage?PASSAGE THREE30.What does the author mean by saying “Their case is weak” in Para. 2?31.What does “grade inflation” in Para. 3 mean?32.What does the author mean when he quotes Richard Huber in Para. 5?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN]The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Y ou should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write theword you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end ofthe line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in theblank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.Translate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.流逝，表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
英语专业八级考试翻译练习(共10篇,附答案)
英语专业八级考试翻译练习（共10篇，附答案）英语专业八级考试翻译练习（1）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESETranslate the following underlined text into Chinese.I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured---the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life? For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it isharder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups ---when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities ---the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are, sadly, more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.英语专业八级考试翻译练习（2）TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the following underlined text into English.近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。
2016年专业英语八级考试真题及答案
2016年专业英语八级考试真题及答案PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWIn this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the Part One of the interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.1. A. Maggie’s university life.B. Her mom’s life at Harvard.C. Maggie’s view on studying with Mom.D. Maggie’s opinion on her mom’s major.2. A. They take exams in the same weeks.B. They have similar lecture notes.C. They apply for the same internship.D. They follow the same fashion.3. A. Having roommates.B. Practicing court trails.C. Studying together.D. Taking notes by hand.4. A. Protection.B. Imagination.C. Excitement.D. Encouragement.5. A. Thinking of ways to comfort Mom.B. Occasional interference from Mom.C. Ultimately calls when Maggie is busy.D. Frequent check on Maggie’s grades.Now, listen to the Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.6. A. Because parents need to be ready for new jobs.B. Because parents love to return to college.C. Because kids require their parents to do so.D. Because kids find it hard to adapt to college life.7. A. Real estate agent.B. Financier.C. Lawyer.D. Teacher.8. A. Delighted.B. Excited.C. Bored.D. Frustrated.9. A. How to make a cake.B. How to make omelets.C. To accept what is taught.D. To plan a future career.10.A. Unsuccessful.B. Gradual.C. Frustrating.D. Passionate.SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1)There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests divingfrom the tower of his raft or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor-boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes（滑水板）over cataracts of foam. On weekends Mr. Gatsby’s Rolls-Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day with scrubbing-brushes and hammer and garden-shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.(2)Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New York – every Monday these same oranges and lemons left his back door in a pyramid of pulpless halves. There was a machine in the kitchen which could extract the juice of two hundred oranges in half an hour, if a little button was pressed two hundred times by a butler’s thumb.(3)At least once a fortnight a corps of caterers came down with several hundred feet of canvas and enough colored lights to make a Christmas tree of Gatsby’s enormous garden. On buffet tables, garnished with glistening hors-d’oeuvre（冷盘）, spiced baked hams crowded against salads of harlequin designs and pastry pigs and turkeys bewitched to a dark gold. In the main hall a bar with a real brass rail was set up, and stocked with gins and liquors and with cordials（加香甜酒）so long forgotten that most of his female guests were too young to know one from another.(4)By seven o’clock the orchestra has arrived – no thin five-piece affair buta whole pitful of oboes and trombones and saxophones and viols and cornets and piccolos and low and high drums. The last swimmers have come in from the beach now and are dressing upstairs; the cars from New York are parked five deep in the drive, and already the halls and salons and verandas are gaudy with primary colors and hair shorn in strange new ways, and shawls beyond the dreams of Castile. The bar is in full swing, and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the garden outside until the air is alive with chatter and laughter and casual innuendo and introductions forgotten on the spot and enthusiastic meetings between women who never knew each other’s names.(5)The lights grow brighter as the earth lurches away from the sun and now the orchestra is playing yellow cocktail music and the opera of voices pitches a key higher. Laughter is easier, minute by minute, spilled with prodigality, tipped out at a cheerful word.(6)The groups change more swiftly, swell with new arrivals, dissolve and form in the same breath – already there are wanderers, confident girls who weave here and there among the stouter and more stable, become for a sharp, joyous moment the center of a group and then excited with triumph glide on through the sea-change of faces and voices and color under the constantly changing light.(7)Suddenly one of these gypsies in trembling opal, seizes a cocktail out of the air, dumps it down for courage and moving her hands like Frisco dances out alone on the canvas platform. A momentary hush; the orchestra leader varies his rhythmobligingly for her and there is a burst of chatter as the erroneous news goes around that she is Gilda Gray’s understudy from the Folies. The party has begun.(8)I believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby’s house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited – they went there. They got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island and somehow they ended up at Gatsby’s door. Once there they were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby, and after that they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with amusement parks. Sometimes they came and went without having met Gatsby at all, came for the party with a simplicity of heart that was its own ticket of admission.(9)I had been actually invited. A chauffeur in a uniform crossed my lawn early that Saturday morning with a surprisingly formal note from his employer – the honor would be entirely Gatsby’s, it said, if I would attend his “little party” that night. He had seen me several times and had intended to call on me long before but a peculiar combination of circumstances had prevented it – signed Jay Gatsby ina majestic hand.(10)Dressed up in white flannels I went over to his lawn a little after seven and wandered around rather ill-at-ease among swirls and eddies of people I didn’t know – though here and there was a face I had noticed on the commuting train.I was immediately struck by the number of young Englishmen dotted about; all well dressed, all looking a little hungry and all talking in low earnest voices to solid and prosperous Americans. I was sure that they were selling something: bonds or insurance or automobiles. They were, at least, agonizingly aware of the easy money in the vicinity and convinced that it was theirs for a few words in the right key.(11)As soon as I arrived I made an attempt to find my host but the two or three people of whom I asked his whereabouts stared at me in such an amazed way and denied so vehemently any knowledge of his movements that I slunk off in the direction of the cocktail table – the only place in the garden where a single man could linger without looking purposeless and alone.PART II READING COMPREHENSION11.It can be inferred form Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby ______ through the summer.A.entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB.invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC.liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD.indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12.In Para.4, the word “permeate” probably means ______.A.perishB.pushC.penetrateD.perpetrate13.It can be inferred form Para. 8 that ______.A.guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB.people somehow ended up in Gatsby’s house as guestsC.Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD.guests behaved themselves in a rather formal manner14.According to Para. 10, the author felt ______ at Gatsby’s party.A.dizzyB.dreadfulC.furiousD.awkward15.What can be concluded from Para.11 about Gatsby?A.He was not expected to be present at the parties.B.He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C.He was usually out of the house at the weekend.D.He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO(1)The Term “CYBERSPACE” was coined by William Gibson, a science-fiction writer. He first used it in a short story in 1982, and expanded on it a couple of years later in a novel, “Neuromancer”, whose main character, Henry Dorsett Case, is a troubled computer hacker and drug addict. In the book Mr Gibson describes cyberspace as “a consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions of legitimate operators”and “a graphic representation of data abstracted from the banks of every computer in the human system.”(2)His literary creation turned out to be remarkably prescient（有先见之明的）. Cyberspace has become shorthand for the computing devices, networks, fibre-optic cables, wireless links and other infrastructure that bring the internet to billions of people around the world. The myriad connections forged by these technologies have brought tremendous benefits to everyone who uses the web to tap into humanity’s collective store of knowledge every day.(3)But there is a darker side to this extraordinary invention. Data breaches are becoming ever bigger and more common. Last year over 800m records were lost, mainly through such attacks. Among the most prominent recent victims has been Target, whose chief executive, Gregg Steinhafel, stood down from his job in May, a few months after the giant American retailer revealed that online intruders had stolen millions of digital records about its customers, including credit- and debit-card details. Other well-known firms such as Adobe, a tech company, and eBay, an online marketplace, have also been hit.(4) The potential damage, though, extends well beyond such commercial incursions. Wider concerns have been raised by the revelations about the mass surveillance carried out by Western intelligence agencies made by Edward Snowden, a contractor to America’s National Security Agency (NSA), as well as by the growing numbers of cyber-warriors being recruited by countries that see cyberspace as a new domain of warfare. America’s president, Barack Obama, said in a White House press release earlier this year that cyber-threats “pose one of the gravest national-security dangers” the country is facing.(5)Securing cyberspace is hard because the architecture of the internet was designed to promote connectivity, not security. Its founders focused on getting it to work and did not worry much about threats because the network was affiliated with America’s military. As hackers turned up, layers of security, from antivirus programs to firewalls, were added to try to keep them at bay. Gartner, a research firm, reckons that last year organizations around the globe spent $67 billion on information security.(6)On the whole, these defenses have worked reasonably well. For all the talk about the risk of a “cyber 9/11”, the internet has proved remarkably resilient. Hundreds of millions of people turn on their computers every day and bank online, shop at virtual stores, swap gossip and photos with their friends on social networks and send all kinds of sensitive data over the web without ill effect. Companies and governments are shifting ever more services online.(7)But the task is becoming harder. Cyber-security, which involves protecting both data and people, is facing multiple threats, notably cybercrime and online industrial espionage, both of which are growing rapidly. A recent estimate by the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), puts the annual global cost of digital crime and intellectual-property theft at $445 billion – a sum roughly equivalent to the GDP of a smallish rich European country such as Austria.(8)To add to the worries, there is also the risk of cyber-sabotage. Terrorists or agents of hostile powers could mount attacks on companies and systems that control vital parts of an economy, including power stations, electrical grids and communications networks. Such attacks are hard to pull off, but not impossible. One precedent is the destruction in 2010 of centrifuges（离心机）at a nuclear facility in Iran by a computer program known as Stuxnet.(9)But such events are rare. The biggest day-to-day threats faced by companies and government agencies come from crooks and spooks hoping to steal financial data and trade secrets. For example, smarter, better-organized hackers are making life tougher for the cyber-defenders, but the report will argue that even so a number of things can be done to keep everyone safer than they are now.(10)One is to ensure that organizations get the basics of cyber-security right. All too often breaches are caused by simple blunders, such as failing to separate systems containing sensitive data from those that do not need access to them. Companies also need to get better at anticipating where attacks may be coming from and at adapting their defences swiftly in response to new threats. Technology can help, as can industry initiatives that allow firms to share intelligence about riskswith each other.(11)There is also a need to provide incentives to improve cyber-security, be they carrots or sticks. One idea is to encourage internet-service providers, or the companies that manage internet connections, to shoulder more responsibility for identifying and helping to clean up computers infected with malicious software. Another is to find ways to ensure that software developers produce code with fewer flaws in it so that hackers have fewer security holes to exploit.(12)An additional reason for getting tech companies to give a higher priority to security is that cyberspace is about to undergo another massive change. Over the next few years billions of new devices, from cars to household appliances and medical equipment, will be fitted with tiny computers that connect them to the web and make them more useful. Dubbed “the internet of things”, this is already making it possible, for example, to control home appliances using smartphone apps and to monitor medical devices remotely.(13)But unless these systems have adequate security protection, the internet of things could easily become the internet of new things to be hacked. Plenty of people are eager to take advantage of any weaknesses they may spot. Hacking used to be about geeky college kids tapping away in their bedrooms to annoy their elders. It has grown up with a vengeance.16.Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as ______.A. a function only legitimate computer operators haveB. a representation of data from the human systemC.an important element stored in the human systemD.an illusion held by the common computer users17.Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the meaning of the first fourparagraphs?A.Cyberspace has more benefits than defects.B.Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.C.Cyberspace symbolizes technological advance.D.Cyberspace still remains a sci-fi notion.18.According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the internet and cyberspacesecurity are ______.A.controversialplimentaryC.contradictoryD.congruent19.What could be the most appropriate title for the passage?A.Cyber Crime and Its Prevention.B.The Origin of Cyber Crime.C.How to Deal with Cyber Crime.D.The Definition of Cyber Crime.PASSAGE THREE(1)You should treat skeptically the loud cries now coming from colleges and universities that the last bastion of excellence in American education is being gutted by state budget cuts and mounting costs. Whatever else it is, higher education is not a bastion of excellence. It is shot through with waste, lax academic standards and mediocre teaching and scholarship.(2)True, the economic pressures – from the Ivy League to state systems – are intense. Last year, nearly two-thirds of schools had to make midyear spending cuts to stay within their budgets. It is also true (as university presidents and deans argue) that relieving those pressures merely by raising tuitions and cutting courses will make matters worse. Students will pay more and get less. The university presidents and deans want to be spared from further government budget cuts. Their case is weak.(3)Higher education is a bloated enterprise. Too many professors do too little teaching to too many ill-prepared students. Costs can be cut and quality improved without reducing the number of graduates. Many colleges and universities should shrink. Some should go out of business. Consider:●Except for elite schools, admissions standards are low. About 70 percent offreshmen at four-year colleges and universities attend their first-choice schools. Roughly 20 percent go to their second choices. Most schools have eagerly boosted enrollments to maximize revenues (tuition and statesubsidies).●Dropout rates are high. Half or more of freshmen don’t get degrees. A recentstudy of PhD programs at 10 major universities also found high dropout rates for doctoral candidates.●The attrition among undergraduates is particularly surprising becausecollege standards have apparently fallen. One study of seven top schools found widespread grade inflation. In 1963, half of the students in introductory philosophy courses got a B – or worse. By 1986, only 21 percent did. If elite schools have relaxed standards, the practice is almost surely widespread.●Faculty teaching loads have fallen steadily since the 1960s. In majoruniversities, senior faculty members often do less than two hours a day of teaching. Professors are “socialized to publish, teach graduate students and spend as little time teaching (undergraduates) as possible,” concludes James Fairweather of Penn State University in a new study. Faculty payconsistently rises as undergraduate teaching loads drop.Universities have encouraged an almost mindless explosion of graduate degrees.Since 1960, the number of masters’ degrees awarded annually has risen more than fourfold to 337,000. Between 1965 and 1989, the annual number of MBAs (masters in business administration) jumped from 7,600 to 73,100.(4)Even so, our system has strengths. It boasts many top-notch schools and allows almost anyone to go to college. But mediocrity is pervasive. We push as many freshmen as possible through the door, regardless of qualifications. Because bachelors’degrees are so common, we create more graduate degrees of dubious worth. Does anyone believe the MBA explosion has improved management?(5)You won’t hear much about this from college deans or university presidents. They created this mess and are its biggest beneficiaries. Large enrollments support large faculties. More graduate students liberate tenured faculty from undergraduate teaching to concentrate on writing and research: the source of status. Richard Huber, a former college dean, writes knowingly in a new book (“How Professors Play the Cat Guarding the Cream: Why We’re Paying More and Getting Less in Higher Education”): Presidents, deans and trustees ... call for more recognition of good teaching with prizes and salary incentives.(6)The reality is closer to the experience of Harvard University’s distinguished paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould: “To be perfectly honest, though lip service is given to teaching, I have never seriously heard teaching considered in any meeting for promotion... Writing is the currency of prestige and promotion.”(7)About four-fifths of all students attend state-subsidized systems, from community colleges to prestige universities. How governors and state legislatures deal with their budget pressures will be decisive. Private schools will, for better or worse, be influenced by state actions. The states need to do three things.(8)First, create genuine entrance requirements. Today’s low standards tell high school students: You don’t have to work hard to go to college. States should change the message by raising tuitions sharply and coupling the increase with generous scholarships based on merit and income. To get scholarships, students would have to pass meaningful entrance exams. Ideally, the scholarships should be available for use at in-state private schools. All schools would then compete for students on the basis of academic quality and costs. Today’s system of general tuition subsidies provides aid to well-to-do families that don’t need it or to unqualified students who don’t deserve it.(8)Next, states should raise faculty teaching loads, mainly at four-year schools. (Teaching loads at community colleges are already high.) This would cut costs and reemphasize the primacy of teaching at most schools. What we need are teachers who know their fields and can communicate enthusiasm to students. Not all professors can be path-breaking scholars. The excessive emphasis on scholarship generates many unread books and mediocre articles in academic journals. “You can’t do more of one (research) without less of the other (teaching),” says Fairweather. “Peopleare working hard – it’s just where they’re working.”(10)Finally, states should reduce or eliminate the least useful graduate programs. Journalism (now dubbed “communications”), business and education are prime candidates. A lot of what they teach can – and should – be learned on the job. If colleges and universities did a better job of teaching undergraduates, there would be less need for graduate degrees.(11)Our colleges and universities need to provide a better education to deserving students. This may mean smaller enrollments, but given today’s attrition rates, the number of graduates need not drop. Higher education could become a bastion of excellence, if we would only try.20.It can be concluded from Para.3 that the author was ______ towards the education.A.indifferentB.neutralC.positiveD.negative21.The following are current problems facing all American universities EXCEPT______.A.high dropout ratesB.low admission standardsC.low undergraduate teaching loadsD.explosion of graduate degrees22.In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do allthe following EXCEPT ______.A.set entrance requirementsB.raise faculty teaching loadsC.increase undergraduate programsD.reduce useless graduate programs23.“Prime candidates” in Para. 10 is used as ________.A.euphemismB.metaphorC.analogyD.personification24.What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A.American education can remain excellent by ensuring state budget.B.Professors should teach more undergraduates than postgraduates.C.Academic standard are the main means to ensure educational quality.D.American education can remain excellent only by raising teaching quality.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in NO more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25.From the description of the party preparation, what words can you see to depictGatby’s party?26.How do you summarize the party scene in Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27.What do the cases of Target, Adobe and eBay in Para. 3 show?28.Why does the author say the task is becoming harder in Para. 7?29.What is the conclusion of the whole passage?PASSAGE THREE30.What does the author mean by saying “Their case is weak” in Para. 2?31.What does “grade inflation” in Para. 3 mean?32.What does the author mean when he quotes Richard Huber in Para. 5?PART III LANGUAGE USAGEThe passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in theblank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” signand write the word you believe to be missing in the blankprovided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) never them on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructed.PART IV TRANSLATIONTranslate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.流逝，表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
2016专八真题参考答案附评分标准
2016英语专业八级真题参考答案附评分标准PART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS [45 MIN]In this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE11. It can be learned from Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby ________ through the summer.A. entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB. invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC. liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD. indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12. In Para. 4, the word “permeate” probably means ________.A. perishB. pushC. penetrateD. perpetuate13. It can be inferred from Para. 8 that ________.A. guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB. people somehow ended up in Gatsby’s house as guestsC. Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD. guests behaved themselves in a rather formal manner14. According to Para. 10, the author felt ________ at Gatsby’s party.A. dizzyB. dreadfulC. furiousD. awkward15. What can be concluded from Para. 11 about Gatsby?A. He was not expected to be present at the parties.B. He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C. He was usually out of the house at the weekend.D. He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO16. Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as ________.A. a function only legitimate computer operators haveB. a representation of data from the human systemC. an important element stored in the human systemD. an illusion held by the common computer users17. Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the meaning of the first four paragraphs?A. Cyberspace has more benefits than defects.B. Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.C. Cyberspace symbolizes technological advance.D. Cyberspace still remains a sci-fi notion.18. According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the internet and cyberspace security are _______.A. controversialB. complementaryC. contradictoryD. congruent19. What could be the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Cyber Crime and Its PreventionB. The Origin of Cyber Crime.C. How to Deal with Cyber Crime.D. The Definition of Cyber Crime.PASSAGE THREE20. It can be concluded from Para. 3 that the author was ________ towards higher education.A. indifferentB. neutralC. positiveD. negative21. The followings are current problems facing all American universities EXCEPT ________.A. high dropout ratesB. low admission standardsC. low undergraduate teaching loadsD. explosion of graduate degrees22. In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do all the following EXCEPT ________.A. set entrance requirementsB. raise faculty teaching loadsC. increase undergraduate programsD. reduce useless graduate programs23. “Prime candidates” in Para. 10 is used as ________.A. euphemismB. metaphorC. analogyD. personification24. What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A. American education can remain excellent by reducing state budget.B. Professors should teach more undergraduates than postgraduates.C. Academic standards are the main means to ensure educational quality.D. American education can remain excellent only by raising teaching quality.SECTION BSHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in no more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. From the description of the party preparation, what words can you use to depict Gatsby’s party?26. How do you summarize the party scene described in Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27. What do the case of Target, Adobe and eBay in Para. 3 show?28. Why does the author say that the task is becoming harder in Para. 7?29. What is the conclusion of the whole passage?PASSAGE THREE30. What does the author mean by saying “Their case is weak.” in Para. 2?31. What does “grade inflation” in Para. 3 mean?32. What does the author mean when he quotes Richard Huber in Para. 5?【参考答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D21. C 22. C 23. B 24. CSECTION B25. Luxurious and well-prepared.26. There are big crowds of strangers at the part.27. Data breaches are becoming bigger and more common industrial espionage.28. It falls multiply threats, notably cybercyime and online.29. Hacking won’t stop without adequate security protecting.30. They won’t be spared from further government budget cuts.31. Schools relax standards and students get higher grades.32. Faculties call for status and incentives.25. Luxurious and well-prepared.26. There are big crowds of strangers at the part.27. Data breaches are becoming bigger and more common industrial espionage.28. It falls multiply threats, notably cybercyime and online.29. Hacking won’t stop without adequate security protecting.30. They won’t be spared from further government budget cuts.31. Schools relax standards and students get higher grades.32. Faculties call for status and incentives.PART IV TRANSLATION [20 MIN]Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.“流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案
刘宏伟整理目录1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (3)1996年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (5)1997年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (7)1998年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (9)1999年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (11)2000年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (13)2002年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (17)2003年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (19)2004年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及及参考译文 (21)2005年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (22)2006年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (23)2007年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (24)2008年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (25)2009年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文 (26)1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分及参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is ―important‖ and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’ or chards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as ―part of us.‖Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for small decencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,moreexceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
2. 2016年3月19日英语专业八级真题答案-(完整版)
2016年3月19日英语专业八级真题答案（TEM8完整版）PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTURE1.the dialetic model2.helpful3.premisses4.arguing5.retorical6.partcpating7.be before8.how we argue 9.substances10.negotiation and collboration11.deadends12.learning as losing13.questions14.achievement15.new arguerSECTION B INTERVIEW1-5 CADDB 6-10 ACDCBPART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS11-15 BCBDA 16-20 DBCAD 21-24 CCBCSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS25. Luxurious and well-prepared26. There are big crowds of strangers at the party.27. Data breaches are becoming bigger and more common industrial espionage.28. It falls multiply threats, notably cybercrime and online.29. Hacking won't stop without adequate security protection.30. They won't be spared from further government budget cuts.31. Schools relax standards and students get higher grades.32. Faculties call for status and incentives.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE(语言运用）1.is developed2.giving3.it4.As5. similar6. cultures7. which8. than9. or10. thereforePART IV TRANSLATION (翻译部分)原文：他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。
2016专八真题参考答案附评分标准
2016英语专业八级真题参考答案附评分标准PART II READING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS [45 MIN]In this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE11. It can be learned from Para. 1 that Mr. Gatsby ________ through the summer.A. entertained guests from everywhere every weekendB. invited his guests to ride in his Rolls-Royce at weekendsC. liked to show off by letting guests ride in his vehiclesD. indulged himself in parties with people from everywhere12. In Para. 4, the word “permeate” probably means ________.A. perishB. pushC. penetrateD. perpetuate13. It can be inferred from Para. 8 that ________.A. guests need to know Gatsby in order to attend his partiesB. people somehow ended up in Gatsby’s house as guestsC. Gatsby usually held garden parties for invited guestsD. guests behaved themselves in a rather formal manner14. According to Para. 10, the author felt ________ at Gatsby’s party.A. dizzyB. dreadfulC. furiousD. awkward15. What can be concluded from Para. 11 about Gatsby?A. He was not expected to be present at the parties.B. He was busy receiving and entertaining guests.C. He was usually out of the house at the weekend.D. He was unwilling to meet some of the guests.PASSAGE TWO16. Cyberspace is described by William Gibson as ________.A. a function only legitimate computer operators haveB. a representation of data from the human systemC. an important element stored in the human systemD. an illusion held by the common computer users17. Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the meaning of the first four paragraphs?A. Cyberspace has more benefits than defects.B. Cyberspace is like a double-edged sword.C. Cyberspace symbolizes technological advance.D. Cyberspace still remains a sci-fi notion.18. According to Para. 5, the designing principles of the internet and cyberspace security are _______.A. controversialB. complementaryC. contradictoryD. congruent19. What could be the most appropriate title for the passage?A. Cyber Crime and Its PreventionB. The Origin of Cyber Crime.C. How to Deal with Cyber Crime.D. The Definition of Cyber Crime.PASSAGE THREE20. It can be concluded from Para. 3 that the author was ________ towards higher education.A. indifferentB. neutralC. positiveD. negative21. The followings are current problems facing all American universities EXCEPT ________.A. high dropout ratesB. low admission standardsC. low undergraduate teaching loadsD. explosion of graduate degrees22. In order to ensure teaching quality, the author suggests that the states do all the following EXCEPT ________.A. set entrance requirementsB. raise faculty teaching loadsC. increase undergraduate programsD. reduce useless graduate programs23. “Prime candidates” in Para. 10 is used as ________.A. euphemismB. metaphorC. analogyD. personification24. What is the author’s main argument in the passage?A. American education can remain excellent by reducing state budget.B. Professors should teach more undergraduates than postgraduates.C. Academic standards are the main means to ensure educational quality.D. American education can remain excellent only by raising teaching quality.SECTION BSHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer each question in no more than 10 words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. From the description of the party preparation, what words can you use to depict Gatsby’s party?26. How do you summarize the party scene described in Para. 6?PASSAGE TWO27. What do the case of Target, Adobe and eBay in Para. 3 show?28. Why does the author say that the task is becoming harder in Para. 7?29. What is the conclusion of the whole passage?PASSAGE THREE30. What does the author mean by saying “Their case is weak.” in Para. 2?31. What does “grade inflation” in Para. 3 mean?32. What does the author mean when he quotes Richard Huber in Para. 5?【参考答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A16. D 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D21. C 22. C 23. B 24. CSECTION B25. Luxurious and well-prepared.26. There are big crowds of strangers at the part.27. Data breaches are becoming bigger and more common industrial espionage.28. It falls multiply threats, notably cybercyime and online.29. Hacking won’t stop without adequate security protecting.30. They won’t be spared from further government budget cuts.31. Schools relax standards and students get higher grades.32. Faculties call for status and incentives.25. Luxurious and well-prepared.26. There are big crowds of strangers at the part.27. Data breaches are becoming bigger and more common industrial espionage.28. It falls multiply threats, notably cybercyime and online.29. Hacking won’t stop without adequate security protecting.30. They won’t be spared from further government budget cuts.31. Schools relax standards and students get higher grades.32. Faculties call for status and incentives.PART IV TRANSLATION [20 MIN]Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.“流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。
英语专业八级考试翻译练习(1)参考答案
英语专业八级考试翻译练习（1）参考答案SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHBut the depth of a novel and its excellence in artistic quality and ideological content can never be judged by the significance or “insignificance” of the theme. Austen’s works have been compared to olives, which become the more delicious the more you chew them. This is not only because of her witty language and her creative contributions to the development of the art of novel writing, but also because of her vivid and lively narration, which is by no means shallow or transparent. Mrs. Smith said that women writers often tried to rectify the prevalent values and the existing social order and to change people’s views as to what was important and what was unimportant.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE对我的儿子们来说,乡村当然有充足的新鲜而成熟的蔬菜,采钓的鱼,以及邻里果园和花园里可供分享的丰硕果实,乡下有位不计报酬的保姆,我儿媳看管他的孩子作为回报,.此外(且不说这些)你如何来衡量那种安静那种自我感呢?我无意将小城镇的生活理想化,因为有时外部的世界无情地侵入,比如汽油价格上涨或开发商着眼于未被染指的农田时,令人无法忍受的大城市的所有种种罪恶和卑劣行径在这小地方也同样存在.不仅如此当人们无法将它们解释为异族的怪异而不得不承认这一切都是我们自己的一部分时, 就更加难以忽视它们了.英语专业八级考试翻译练习（2）参考答案SECTION A: CHINESE TO ENGLISHIn Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE这应该不是件难事。
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2016专八翻译答案【篇一：2016专八改错、翻译新题型揭秘】专八改错题型揭秘相信上期专八阅读那些事儿一定对大家起到了醍醐灌顶的作用，打铁需趁热，本期星火林林老师来给大家扒一扒改错和翻译。
先说改错！现行的《全国高校英语专业八级测试大纲》（以下简称《考纲》）对改错题型基本没有调整，so各位考生可以放松一下啦！改错属于主观试题，要求考生在15分钟内在一篇约250个单词的短文中找出10处错误(每行不超过一处错误，但不包括拼写或标点错误)，并根据上下文，在错误的地方增加、删除或改变某一单词或短语，使短文语意连贯、结构正确。
下面就从考纲要求、错误类型分析和解题技巧三方面揭秘专八改错题型！【考纲要求】测试要求：能运用语法、词汇、修辞等语言知识识别所给短文内的语病并提出改正方法。
测试形式：本部分由一篇约250个单词的短文组成，短文中有10行标有题号。
该10行内均含有一个语误。
要求学生根据“增添”“删除”或“改变其中的某一单词或短语”三种方法中的一种改正语误。
测试时间15分钟，共10题，满分10分，占测试总分的10%。
测试目的：测试学生运用语言知识的能力。
【错误类型分析】从历年测试结果看，改错部分对考生来说并不容易。
当然，作为英语专业高年级学生，绝大多数考生的语法和语感都非常好，可以在阅读改错文章时迅速辨认出大多数错误，但总会有两三个错误让人感觉无法判断。
要培养超强的纠错能力，至关重要的就是合理归纳考题的错误类型。
只要掌握了错误的规律，注意力就可以集中在容易出错的地方，从而发现错误。
是不是觉得事半功倍呢？专八测试改错部分出现的错误通常分为三大类：词法错误、句法错误和篇章错误。
纵观近年测试真题可以发现：7大词法错误包括：1. 名词数的混淆；2. 介词(误用或缺失)；3. 动词误用；4. 形容词或副词比较级误用；5. 冠词误用（冗余）；6. 固定短语误用；7. 词义、词类混淆。
7大句法错误包括：1. 时态错误；2. 语态错误；3. 非谓语动词误用；4. 固定句型误用；5. 关系代词或副词的误用；6. 主谓不一致；7. 主要成分(主语、谓语或宾语)多余。
3大篇章错误包括：1. 指代错误；2. 衔接错误；3. 上下文语义矛盾。
【解题技巧】首先，着眼全文寻突破。
做专八短文改错时，很多考生往往仅针对错误行查找错误，而不是首先通读全文、理解文意，这是不可取的。
由于专八改错不仅考查词汇及语法知识，同时也考查篇章理解能力，因此正确的做法是先从头到尾通读全文，在正确理解文意的基础上，再仔细推敲需要改正或添减的内容。
此时，考生必须充分调动所掌握的语法和词汇两方面的知识，发挥推理判断乃至猜想的能力，改正篇章方面的错误，包括指代错误、衔接错误和上下文语义矛盾。
找出错误并改正后，考生还要注意通读全文，从词汇和语法两方面来检查改正后的短文内容是否通顺、自然，逻辑概念是否严密、合理，语法结构是否正确、完整。
其实，虚实结合来改错。
所谓的“虚”主要是指句法方面，如：时态、语态、非谓语动词、固定句型、主谓一致等。
对此，考生应扎实地掌握语法知识，仔细研究、辨别错误所在行及所在句的句法结构，找出错误所在。
所谓的“实”主要是指词法方面，如：名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词等，其中包括相互之间的习惯搭配。
考生应多做练习，并学习常见的错误范例，正确理解错误所在行及所在句的意思，增强语感，这样就能有效提高答题正确率。
总之，考生应虚实结合来改错，仔细研究前面总结的错误类型，各个击破，逐步提高正确率。
专八翻译新题型大揭秘扒完改错，林林老师再来扒一扒翻译！go！对英语专业学生而言，翻译技能是英汉两种语言综合能力的体现，它反映了学生的知识面、词汇积累、语法基础、语言功底、理解能力、表达能力、跨文化交际能力等。
现行《考纲》对专八翻译的测试要求、测试形式和测试目的做出了具体规范，并在2015年8月对测试题型进行了调整，将原来的英译汉题型去掉，只保留了汉译英题型。
测试在考查考生接受性语言技能的同时，更加注重评价考生的产出性技能。
下面就从考纲要求、考点分析、评分标准和应考策略全方位揭秘专八翻译新题型！【考纲要求】测试要求：能运用汉译英的理论和技巧，翻译我国报刊杂志上的文章和一般文学作品。
速度为每小时250~300个汉字。
译文要求忠实原意，语言通顺、流畅。
测试形式：本部分为作答题，将一段150个汉字组成的段落译成英语。
测试时间25分钟，满分15分，占测试总分的15%。
测试目的：测试学生的汉译英翻译能力。
【考点分析】英语专业八级测试翻译部分在命题上是有一定规律的，纵观近几年专八翻译试题，汉译英主要涉及散文、论说文、记叙文和说明文这四种体裁。
其中，散文一直都是专八翻译重点考查的体裁之一。
和其他体裁相比，除了有记叙和论说的内容外，散文带有更多的抒情色彩，因此翻译起来难度更大。
论说文相对比较重视结构，且逻辑清晰，论点明确，论据充实，语气较为严肃。
记叙文在近几年汉译英试题中仅出现过几次。
说明文也是专八翻译考查的体裁之一，以说明为主要表达方式，文章具有科学性、条理性，语言确切。
在汉译英过程中，应根据不同的文章体裁注意用词的准确性。
【评分标准】尽管《考纲》有一定程度的变化，但从多年的阅卷情况看，翻译部分的评分标准并没有多大变化。
不过，从2010年起，专八翻译开始实行网上阅卷。
为了降低评分结果的不确定性，提高评分结果的有效性和可信性，专八翻译采用了新的评分标准。
和旧的评分标准相比，新的评分标准主要是把原来笼统的描述整体分解为两方面，一方面是译文对原文的忠实性，另一方面是译文语言的适切性。
2016年题型改革后，翻译部分满分为15分，其中“译文忠实性”占60%，即9分；“语言适切性”占40%，即6分。
【应考策略】考前准备：1. 扩大词汇量；2. 掌握一定的翻译理论和技巧；3. 广泛阅读，拓宽知识面；4. 大量练习。
应考技巧：1. 合理分配测试时间；2. 巧妙处理翻译难点；3. 注意书写工整；4. 避免低级语言错误。
相关资料推荐《星火英语 2017专八新题型改错特训1200题》、《星火英语 2017专八新题型翻译特训180篇》【篇二：2016年英语专业八级新题型揭秘(讲解版)】class=txt>关于英语专业八级测试(tem8 )题型调整的说明外语专业教学测试专家委员会经过讨论，通过英语专业八级测试(tem8)题型调整方案，并决定从2016年起对tem8测试的试卷结构和测试题型作局部调整。
高校外语专业教学测试办公室总则一、测试目的:本测试旨在检查英语专业四年级学生运用英语获取、理解和处理一般或和专业相关信息以达到交际要求的能力。
二、测试性质和范围:本测试属于标准参照性教学检查类测试。
测试范围包括听、读、写、译四个方面的能力。
三、测试时间、对象和命题:本测试在英语专业本科第八学期举行，每年一次。
测试对象为高校英语专业四年级学生。
本测试由外语专业教学测试专家委员会组织有关测试专家命题，外语专业教学测试办公室负责测试的实施。
四、测试形式:为了有效地考核学生综合运用英语进行交际的能力，既兼顾测试的科学性、客观性，又考虑到测试的可行性，本测试采用多种试题形式，以保证测试的效度和信度。
五、测试内容:本测试共有五个部分:听力理解、阅读理解、语言知识、翻译、写作。
整个测试需时155分钟。
新题型和旧题型试卷结构对比i．听力理解（part i: listening comprehension）1.测试要求:（a）能听懂真实交际场合中的各种英语会话和讲话。
（b）能听懂有关政治、经济、历史、文化、教育、语言、文学、科普方面的演讲及演讲后的问答。
（c）能理解所听材料的大意，领会说话者的态度、感情和真实意图。
（d）能做较为完整的笔记。
（e）测试时间约25分钟。
2.测试形式:本部分采用填空题和多项选择题形式，分两节:section a和section b，共20题。
section a: mini-lecture本部分由一个约900个单词的讲座和一项填空任务组成。
要求学生边听边做笔记，然后完成填空任务。
本部分共15道填空题。
新题型：旧题型：总结：变化：文章长度增加，由10道题变成15道题，提前发卷。
section b: conversation or interview本部分由一个约1000个单词的会话或两个约500个单词的会话组成。
会话后有10道多项选择题。
本部分每道题后有10秒的间隙，要求学生听到问题后从所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
听力理解部分的录音语速为每分钟约150个单词，念一遍。
3.测试目的:测试学生获取口头信息的能力。
4.选材原则:（a）讲座部分的内容和本专业方向课程相关。
（b）会话部分的内容和学生的日常生活、社会和学习活动相关。
（c）听力材料难度为中等偏上。
新题型：旧题型：总结：变化：题目数量及长度不变，卷面问题消失，需要等待问题在听力中出现。
总结：新闻听力取消【篇三：2016年12月专八口语口译试题】in china on 2015 world no tobacco daydistinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, good morning,thank you for inviting me to be here today at this event tomark world no tobacco day. as you all know, tobacco use is one of china’s biggest killers, more than one million chinese people die from the tobacco related illness every year, with more than 300 million smokers in the country, it is clear tothink the annual death toll from tobacco will increase to 3 million by 2050 if smoking rates are not reduced. the theme for this year’s world no tobacco day is: ban tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship, the evidence from around the world shows that comprehensive marketing bans lead to fewer people starting and continuing to smoke. advertising and promotion of the tobacco helps to create an environment where smoking is seen as socially acceptable or normal. as a result, tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship foster an illusion that tobacco is just like any other consumer product. but the reality is that tobacco is a dangerous product, when used as intended by the manufacturers, tobacco killshalf of its regular users. banning tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship is one of the most effective measures governments cantake to reduce the men from tobacco products and in doing so, protect the health of the populations. in china, some important steps have been taken to strengthen restrictions on tobacco marketing in recent years, however, further strong policyaction is required to cut down on tobacco marketing in china, this is specially important to protect china’s young peoplefrom the risks of a life-time addiction to tobacco use. when we know that even brief exposure to tobacco marketing can influence adolescence, banning tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship is especially important for protecting young people from the harms of tobacco. thank you again for inviting me to speak today. who looks forward to continuing to work with all of you to achieve change on thisimportant issue for the future of china. and may i wish you a happy and smoke free world no tobacco day?省领导对伦敦政商界代表团的欢迎词尊敬的伦敦政商界的各位朋友：今天，各位新老朋友光临我省，在此能和各位见面，我感到非常高兴，首先请允许我对各位朋友的来访表示热烈的欢迎。