失去爆破和音的浊化

失去爆破

两个爆破音（/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/）在一起，前一个爆破音常常失去爆破，即不发音，只有一个发音的动作，听起来有略微停顿而没有将音发出。For example, a big bag中，/g/失去爆破。也叫“ 完全失去爆破”。

如果爆破音后为摩擦音（/s, z, f, v,ʃ, θ, ʒ, ð/）；破擦音(/ʧ, ʤ, tr, dr, ts, dz/)；和鼻音(/m, n/)时，有轻微的失爆现象，为“不完全失去爆破”。

Words and expressions:

Kee(p) back gra(p)e sugar jo(b) description

Ca(b) driver pe(t) dog swee(t) dream

Blac(k)board li(k)e this do(g) biscuit

Bi(g) church

Sentences:

1: My favorite program is The Roa(d) to Music.

2: He wa s in the lea(d) during the race.

3: I wond e r if you coul(d) tell me something about France.

4: Have you rea(d)today’s newspaper?

5: The novel describes a vivi(d) pi(c)tur e o f lif e in a village.

6: He organize d a bi(g) band.

7: I belie ve y ou’ll ma(k)e good.

8: The wor k is a bi(t) difficult(t) for me.

9: Wha(t) day is today?

10: She is no(t) sli m e nough to wear these tigh(t) trousers.

11: That woul(d) certainly be convenient.

12: Professor Green ha s a dee(p) mind.

13: On e o f them wen(t) north, and the other wen(t) south.

14: I’m drawing a whi(t)e bear on the bla(ck)board.

15: A: I wan t a cu p o f bla(ck) coffee. How about you?

B: I want whi(t)e coffee.

Pair Practice:

1)A: Excuse me. Is this the No. 10 bus?

B: No. This is the No.20 bus.

A: Oh, I am on the wrong bus.

B: Where are you going?

A: I’m going to the Natural Museum.

B: You can get off at the next stop and change to the No.9 bus.

A: Thanks a lot.

B: You are welcome.

2)One day in a drawing class, the teacher told the class to draw an

abstract drawing.

After a while, a small boy turned his drawing in. The teacher looked at it but saw nothing, only a piece of white paper.

“What did you draw?” said the teacher.

“A cow eating grass,” the boy answered.

“Where is the grass?”

“The cow has eaten it up,” replied the boy.

“Well, but where is the cow?” the teacher asked again.

“It ate up the grass and then went away to drink water.”

音的浊化

口语中有些清辅音受前后音影响，发生浊化，听起来近似于其对应的浊辅音，如speak /spi:k/ 的实际读音近似于/sbi:k/。

清辅音：/p/, /t/, /k/, /f/, /s/, /h/, /θ/, /ʃ/

浊辅音：/v/, /z/, /r/, /w/, /j/, /ð/, /ʒ/, /b/, /d/

辅音的浊化比较常见的有两种：

1.辅音/s/后的清辅音常有浊化现象。如speed /spi:d/中的/p/浊化

为/b/。这种浊化主要表现在清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /tr/上。该现象不仅出现在一个词内部，也出现在连读中。

Practice:

sport expensive spend school sculpture skirt square squirrel squeak strike Australia street

His sis t er likes all kinds of s p orts.

Miss Green’s skirt is very ex p ensive.

The s t atue in the park has been s t olen.

A: We plan to build a building here.