2017考研英语复习资料-非谓语动词
考研英语语法之非谓语动词

考研英语语法之非谓语动词语法在英语考试中总是被同学们忽视,很少有人能体会到它真正的作用。
今天就和大家来探究一下语法中的非谓语动词,看看这一知识点是否可以解决一直困扰你的难题。
首先非谓语动词有三种形式:v-ing、v-ed和to do不定式。
我们结合着例子一起来分析分析。
1.The boy sitting in the classroom is my brother.在这个例子里面,sitting就是非谓语动词。
有同学就有疑问了,v-ing不是表示进行时吗?为什么它不是谓语动词呢?的确,进行时里面的动词要变为-ing 形式,但关键在于进行时的完整结构应该是be+v-ing,比如说,I am reading。
这里的reading为什么属于谓语动词的一部分,就是因为它与前面的be动词构成了完整的进行时结构,而例句中只有sitting而没有be动词,进行时结构不完整,所以sitting不具备谓语动词的功能,属于非谓语动词,在句子里面作为修饰主语的后置定语。
接下来在看看更让人不解的v-ed形式,因为v-ed形式如果作为动词的过去式的话,在句子中是可以做谓语动词的,因此不能作为谓语动词的v-ed,准确来说,应该是动词的过去分词形式。
那究竟怎么来判断呢?我们看到例22. The boy praised by the teacher is my brother.这句话里面的praised就不是谓语动词。
因为我们可以看到一个很明显的被动语态的标志“by”,所以the boy和praised处于被动关系。
那被动语态完整的应该是be+v-ed形式,那么在这个例子里面还是同样的道理,因缺失了be动词,构不成完整的被动语态,单单一个praised就不能担任谓语动词,最终变为主语the boy的后置定语。
总结一下就是:如果主语和后面的v-ed形式有着被动关系,但却缺少be动词,这时的v-ed形式就不是谓语动词了。
最后我们来看to do不定式是一个怎样的情况。
考研非谓语动词用法总结

考研非谓语动词用法总结非谓语动词在考研英语中占据着重要的地位,对于考生来说,熟练掌握其用法是取得高分的关键之一。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),它们在句子中不充当谓语,但具有动词的特征,可以带宾语、状语等。
下面我们就来详细总结一下非谓语动词的用法。
一、动词不定式动词不定式由“to +动词原形”构成,有时可以省略“to”。
其具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。
1、作主语To err is human (犯错是人之常情。
)To learn a foreign language well is not easy (学好一门外语不容易。
)需要注意的是,动词不定式作主语时,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语后置,常见的句型有:It + is + adj +(for/of sb)+ to do sth 例如:It is important for us to learn English well (对我们来说学好英语很重要。
)2、作宾语常见的动词后接不定式作宾语,如:want, hope, wish, decide, plan, expect 等。
例如:I want to go home (我想回家。
)有些动词后接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语,如:know, learn, wonder, show 等。
例如:I don't know what to do (我不知道该做什么。
)3、作定语动词不定式作定语时,通常置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:I have a lot of work to do (我有很多工作要做。
)4、作状语表示目的、结果、原因等。
例如:He came here to see me (他来这儿看我。
目的状语)He is too young to go to school (他太小了,不能上学。
结果状语)5、作补语常见的动词后接不定式作宾语补足语,如:ask, tell, want, allow, permit 等。
考研英语难点解答非谓语动词

非谓语动词,顾名思义就是动词在句子中充当谓语以外的其他成分,其表现形式往往包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词存在的意义在于使句子的表达更简洁,但由于受“一个句子只有一个谓语动词”、“找主干先找谓语动词”等原则的影响,非谓语动词的出现往往干扰我们对句子结构的判断。
这就是谓语动词之所以令人头痛的关键所在,但它并非不可识破。
以下是几种常见的非谓语动词做主语、定语、状语的情况,考研1号的编辑老师们分享给大家,希望能对2017考研的小伙伴在复习考研英语的时候有帮助。
一、非谓语动词做主语作用:实现动词的名词化表达,使句子更简洁。
例句:To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example oversimplifies.(认为孩子学习是考模仿,教育的方式就是树立榜样,这些说法都过于简单了。
)解析:句子主干为To say ... oversimplifies. 这个句子的难点就在于充当主语的是一个动词不定式:To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example;且在这个不定式中出现了两个并列的宾语从句做say的宾语,加大了理解难度。
the child learns by imitation是第一个宾语从句,the way to teach is to set a good example 是第二个宾语从句二、非谓语动词做定语作用:代替起修饰限定作用的定语从句,使句子更简洁。
例句:The women picking the blackberry is her mother.(那个摘黑莓的女人就是她妈妈。
)解析:句子的主干是the women is her mother,非谓语动词picking the blackberry作为定语修饰the women,其实相当于一个定语从句,可以改写成 the women who is picking the blackberry.三、非谓语动词做状语作用:将两个具有共同主语的句子合为一个,使句子更简洁。
2017考研英语基础班语法课程补充讲义-蒋华 (1)

蒋华万学教育总部教学研究中心第一章动词及其非谓语动词动词1.It used to be so straightforward. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations(关系)from the paper and send it to their peers for review.2.No longer. The Internet …is making access to scientific results a reality.3.If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servants. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do.→It can be learned from the first paragraph that _________.[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant分词、(动名词、不定式)1. 分词的构成和意义a.现在分词b.过去分词2.分词的语法功能(1)分词做定语a)People looking back 5 or 10 years from now may well wonder why so few companies took the online plunge.b)(2006Text4)After all, what is one modern form of expression almost completely dedicated to depicting happiness?(2)分词做状语*Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.Given more time, I would be able to complete it.Reading the letter, she burst out crying.Mocked by everybody, he had my sympathy.Exhausted by the walk, he continued his journey.独立主格结构独立主格结构的实质就是分词的逻辑主语和主句主语不一致了。
2017考研英语非谓语动词翻译练习题及答案

2017考研英语非谓语动词翻译练习题及答案考研网为大家提供2017考研英语非谓语动词翻译练习题及答案,更多考研英语复习资料及复习方法请关注我们网站的更新!2017考研英语非谓语动词翻译练习题及答案1.与过去相比,现在学校更加重视( lay emphases)对学生能力的培养,不是仅仅关心考试成绩。
(more than)Compared with the past, schools are laying more emphases on training students'abilities than being concerned about the success of exams.2.知道了这孩子生病,父母马上送他到医院。
( send)Knowing that the child was ill, his parents sent him to hospital at once.3.笑话没有代代相传的成语源源留长。
( not as …as )Jokes are as permanent/long-lasting as proverbs passed on from generation to generation.4.考虑到他的实用价值,这本书值得一读。
( worth)Considering its practical value, the book is well worth reading.5.在许多证据面前,那人不得不承认那是他第五次在夜里抢劫别人。
( face)Facing/faced with so much evidence the man had to admit that it was the fifth time that he had robbed people at night.6.世界各国领导人在会上就如何反对恐怖主义( terrorism)发表了各自的意见。
考研英语非谓语动词例句

考研英语非谓语动词例句考研英语非谓语动词是一个重要的语法知识点,用于表示动词的主语或宾语,或者表示主语或宾语的状态。
下面是一些常见的非谓语动词形式及其例句:1. -ing 形式:表示正在进行的动作或状态,如:I am watching TV now.(我正在看电视)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:The boy is playing basketball now.(那个男孩正在打篮球)2. -ed 形式:表示完成的动作或状态,如:I have eaten breakfast.(我已经吃了早餐)拓展:-ed 形式还可以表示动词的宾语,如:He gave me a book yesterday.(他昨天给了我一本书)3. -ing 形式 (动词+ing):表示动态的动作或状态,如:I like playing soccer.(我喜欢踢足球)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:The student is studying for the exam.(那个学生正在为考试而学习)4. -ed 形式 (形容词+ed):表示被动的动作或状态,如:The book was read by many people.(这本书被很多人读过)拓展:-ed 形式还可以表示动词的宾语,如:The book has been read by many people.(这本书已经被很多人读过了)5. -ing 形式 (副词+ing):表示正在进行的动作或状态,如:I am having a shower now.(我正在洗澡)拓展:-ing 形式还可以表示动词的主语,如:He is singing a song now.(他现在正在唱歌)以上是一些常见的非谓语动词形式及其例句。
在考研英语中,考生需要注意非谓语动词的用法和语法规则,并熟练掌握各种非谓语动词形式之间的转换和区别。
英语非谓语动词知识点

英语非谓语动词知识点1) 总的概述:不定式作主语——具体的,一次性的To understandothers is hard.动名词作主语——一般的,经常性的Washing clothes is her daily job.分词不能作主语——分词有形/副的作用,但主语只能是带有名词意义的词2) 具体用法:动名词在句型里作主语的运用:i. It’s no good/ useless/ a waste of time/ a good pleasure + doi ng sth. (it’s+形容词/形容词性短语+doing)It’s a waste of time dating you.ii. It’s + adj. + 动名词It’s delighted playing.iii. There was/ is + no + doingThere is no standing still in this life.1) 不定式的逻辑主语不定式不能作自己的主语,但在意思上仍然有履行该动作的逻辑主语,其逻辑主语前总有“for/ of”的标志。
It’s foolish of you to stay away from your family.The hardest thing is for him to give up.She was sent there to be trained as a teacher.2) 动名词的逻辑主语当动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,应在动名词前加上物主代词/名次属格来作其逻辑主语。
Your being curious almost hurt yourself.3) There be句型Of there beingHe spoke of there being a magnificent ranch.For / about there to beIt’s easy for there to be a gap between parents and children.1) 能接动名词作宾语的动词为防止危险-禁止犯罪-假设犯,应坦白/成认escape/ avoid-forbid- confess/ acknowledge/ admit男方推迟约会-女方介意,忍耐,原谅-再犯,放弃put off/delay-mind/tolerate/endure/excuse/pardon/forgive-give up提倡的建议-被民众喜欢/感激advocate/ suggest-enjoy/ appreciate2) 介词后只能接动名词Feel like doing sth.Be/ get used to doing sth.其他的都是介词+(in)doing sth.1) 能接不定式为宾语的动词往往差生-自愿参军-准备提出申请-等待同意tend-volunteer-prepare/ offer-agree渴望梦想-下定决心-做好计划/打算-尽力/设法去实现long-determine-plan/ aim-endeavor/manage未能拒绝要求-假装(做外表工作)fail/ refuse/ ask/ claim/ demand-pretend2) 连词except/ but与不定式except/but只能与不定式,不能与动名词连用We have no choicebut to wait.但假设前有do,那么except/but后也只能加do(前后一致)Iwould do anything for you except to be a missioner.1) 接动名词/不定式,意思都不变的动词喜欢一个人-憎恨麻烦-宁可不追求like/love-hate-prefer计划/试图创业-开始遇难-无法继续-停止告终intend/attempt-begin/start-continue-cease假设like/love/hate/prefer前有should/would,那么只能接不定式(本来would/should只能接动原,为让步,加带“to”的动原)Iwould like to have a drink.2) 接动名词/不定式,会改变本义的动词进程改变(to do未完成;doing正在做/做过了)记得-忘记-后悔-停止-继续remember/forget-regret-stop-go on意义改变当别人需要你时-尝试忍住不耐-设法去帮助他们need-try/ stand-mean/ helpTo do人设法做不忍心想要做帮助Doing物(主作被)试着做忍受意味着禁不止3) 在这些动词这,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语补足语该俱乐部只允许有推荐信的人申请-假设无,那么禁止入内-建议呱permit/ allow-remend-forbid-adviseIdon’t allow you to go.My dad doesn’t allow smokingin our family.1) 分词作补语-现在分词~动作正在进行/状态;过去分词~被动Iheard someone knocking at the door.(就省去that和was了)She kept us waiting for 2 hours!Iheard the song sung.(用歌被唱表示人在唱歌)不定式作补语-还未完成Please remind me to take my medicine.我想要劝他去帮助1) Want/wish-后加(to be) doneIwant it finished today.2) 表示劝请/要求Teac h/ ask/ remind…表示劝请/要求的动词后都可以接sb. to do sth.Ididn’t ask you to do it for me.Hope/ agree/ suggest/demand/decide后不可加sb. to do sth. Hope/ agree/ suggest + thatDemand/ decide + to do3) 使役动词have/make/let后加不带to的不定式,但在动词为主语的被动语态时可接to doHe makes his son study.He was made to study.4) Help后加不加to都无所谓You got to help me to fix it.Idon’twant to help you fix it.现在分词-性质:It is exciting.过去分词-状态:The store is closed.Washing clothes is my daily task.在主系表句型中,假设主语局部有实义动词do的某种形式,那么作主语补足语的不定式既可以带to也可不带toThe last thing Iwant to do is (to) arguewith you.分词:Not obtaining a ticket for the match动名词:Not being tall不定式:Not to be tallThe racing horse = thehorse is racingA fallen leaf = a leaf that alreadyfallen.The buildingpleted before = the buildingwas pleted before. The washing machine= themachineis for washing.The meeting to be continued is on our top agenda.1) 分词-时间/原因/让步/条件/方式/伴随伴随:Iwas sad, wandering alone the river.原因:Being a good father, Ineed to work harder.条件:Given more time, Icould make it.2) 不定式-目的/结果/原因目的:To satisfymyself, Idecide to have a good meal.结果:Iwas too scareto ask him. / The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, only to be captured by the police each time.1) 分词的独立结构(修饰分句)假设分词修饰的主语与主句的主语不一致,那么分词要有自己的逻辑主语——逻辑主语+分词(可表时间/原因/伴随/条件/目的)The guest having departed, I laid on my bed and fall asleep. Time permitting, we should stay here a littlebit longer.Her son lost, she got crazy.2) 某些不加逻辑主语的分词短语的独立结构(修饰全句)总的/严格来说-假设这是判断题-该如何判断是否正确呢Generally/strictly speaking-provided/providing/suppose/ given-judgingfrom谈到未来的职业选择-考虑到我的兴趣-是在关于,包括语言方面的-既然是这样,所以我决定考研talking of-considering/ given-regarding/concerning-including-seeing that3) 不定式的独立结构To tell the truth; to be plain with you; to be brief; to be honest; to sum up; to cut a long story short; to say the least; to be sure; to begin with; not to mention; strangeto say; needless to say; to conclude(其实2和3这两个知识点都是一样的,分词和不定式的独立结构都是在修饰全句,而不是单单一个主语,因此我们可以把这些分词和不定式的独立结构看作一个固定搭配。
考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词

考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词考研英语语法讲解非谓语动词非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外,可以承担句子的任何成分。
非谓语是考研英语中的常考点,娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。
考研英语教研组的'专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍:一、有的固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词,充当宾语的成分,但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事) forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事) go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事比如:I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.二、不定式的习惯用法,即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形:1,cannot help but do cannot but docannot choose but do can do nothing but dohave no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近,即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。
其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如:I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.cannot help doing sth.比如:I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.对于以上非谓语的用法,很多都是固定的搭配,提议广大考生在复习的时候,把它们背诵下来,滚瓜烂熟,脱口而出,对于考研肯定有很大的帮助,特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛,给人眼前一亮的感觉。
英语非谓语动词(2017版)(共44张PPT)

是逻辑主谓关系 Standing
逻辑主谓关系
brushing
Things lost never come again.
Things
本句主语Things 与非谓语动词lost come
是逻辑动宾关系
逻辑动宾关系
主谓关系
lost
The woman is doing some sewing, singing a song,
动词与主语的关系
主语
谓语
非谓语
The boy rushed in, singing and laughing.
主语与谓语构成主谓关系,而主语与非谓语要么构成
逻辑主谓/动宾关系,要么没关系。
非谓语小苹果
非谓语小苹果
另类非谓语
The boy rushed in, with a medal rounding his neck.
providing
exciting/ interesting …
Ved
转换连词
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
转换形容词
过去分词
provided
excited/ interested
句子成分
主语
谓语
宾语
表语
补语
同位语
定语
状语
非谓语动词能做除谓语以外的任何成分。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
To study hard is our responsibility.
you
本句主语 you与非谓语动词 praised没关系 know 主谓关系
考研英语非谓语动词用法大全

1.动名词多表示一般的、抽象的、泛指的概念或一个已经完成了的动作,强调的是事情本身。
而不定式则表示具体的第一次行为或将来的动作,强调的是动作本身,不过有时二者之间区别很小。
如:Reading English novels is really great fun.读英语小说真有趣。
To read English novels this evening will take most of my time.今晚读英语小说会花去我很多时间。
2.动词不定式作主语时,常用形式主语结构,而动名词作语时较少使用形式主语,只有在It is no good/no use/useless/fun/interesing/hard/difficult等句型中常用it作形式主语。
如:It is hard to make him change his mind.很难让他改变主意。
It is fun talking with a foreign teacher. 跟外教谈话真有趣。
3.不定式作主语的被动语态句子,必须用形式主语结构。
如:It was decided to set up a new football club in our school.已经决定在我们学校建立一个足球俱乐部。
4.在口语中,用动名词作主语置于句首的情况要比不定式多。
5.疑问句中,一般多用动名词的复合结构作主语,而不用不定式复合结构。
如:Does our helping mean a lot to all of you?我们提供帮助对你们很重要吗?6.在句型“There be no+主语”中,习惯上常用动名词作主语,且不带逻辑主语。
如:There is no parking around here.这周围不准停车。
There is no telling what will happen. (=It is impossible to tell What will happen.)无法知道会发生什么。
考研之------非谓语动词

非谓语动词概述在英语中,不用作句子的谓语,而是用于充当其他语法功能的动词就叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词不像谓语动词那样受到主语人称、数等因素的限定,所以又称为非限定动词。
非谓语动词有三(四)种,即:不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
1. 非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同特点同为动词,非谓语动词和谓语动词有以下相同的特点:1)如果是及物动词,其后可以跟宾语。
He plays tennis once a week. 他每周打一次网球。
(谓语动词后接宾语)He likes playing tennis very much. 他非常喜欢打网球。
(非谓语动词后接宾语)2)可以被状语所修饰。
He always gets up early in the morning. 他每天总是很早起床。
(谓语动词被状语修饰)He is used to getting up early in the morning. 他习惯于早起床。
(非谓语动词被状语修饰)3)有时态和语态的变化。
She has finished her job. 她干完了活。
Having finished her job, she went home. 干完了活以后她就回家了。
2. 非谓语动词与谓语动词的区别-----主要区别在于它的非动词性质:1)可以起名词作用,用在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
To be content with little is true happiness. 知足常乐。
A person certainly loses if he gives up trying. 如果一个人放弃了努力,他肯定一无所得。
2)可以起形容词作用,用在句中作定语、表语或宾语补足语等。
He is a nice person to work with. 他是一个很好相处的人。
If you get very exhausted, only the tremendous sense of purpose can sustain you.如果你感到筋疲力尽,强烈的目的感一定会使你支撑下去。
2017考研英语与非谓语动词有关的考点解析

2017考研英语与非谓语动词有关的考点解析在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式,叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的特点,还可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。
非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
因为一个句子只能有一个谓语动词,如果一个句子动词为两个或两个以上的话,只能有其中一个动词作谓语,其他动词作非谓语,今天我们再来讲解非谓语动词中的动词-ed形式。
过去分词的形式分为规则动词变化(即由动词原形加-ed构成)和不规则动词变化。
1.作定语【例1】911 is a premeditated tourism attack.911是一场有预谋的恐怖袭击。
【例2】Those selected as congress members will attend the first meeting.当选为人大代表的人将出席第一次会议。
【注意】当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前(前置定语,如第一句);如果过去分词为短语,要放在被修饰名词之后(后置定语,如第二句)。
过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
例如:Those selected as congress members.=Those who are selected as congress members.2.作表语【例1】The clothes are broken.衣服破了。
【例2】You were frightened at the horror film.你看恐怖片害怕了。
【注意1】“be+过去分词”的形式,有系表结构和被动语态两种可能。
辨析下面两个句子:The window is broken.(系表)The window was broken by the boy.(被动)【注意2】不及物动词过去分词形式不表示被动,只表示完成。
如gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
考研语法长难句复习指导第 2 讲-非谓语动词

分词-真题演练 2 (2017 年考研英语二阅读理解 Part A Text 3) This isn’t surprising, considering the basic mandatory high school curriculum leaves students with a poor understanding of the vast academic possibilities…... 考虑到基础性的高中必修课程无法让学生们很好地理解学术上的巨大可能性,这 就并不奇怪了。
不定式 to do 相关的写作句型:
It is …+ to do
It is of/for sb + to do v. (believe, consider, feel, find) + it + 宾补 + to do The government consider it imprudent to abolish the death penalty. 政府认为废除死刑是轻率之举。 It is of great significance to uphold traditional culture. 弘扬传统文化意义重大。
动词不定式-真题演练 1 (2013 年考研英语一阅读理解 Part A Text 3) But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. (设题点 ) 但是,我们现在拥有的知识足以帮助我们减少很多早期人类面临的生存危险,同 样,也足以改善后人的命运。
考研英语语法 非谓语动词(6)

LECTURE 6 非谓语动词本堂目标熟悉非谓语动词的四种基本形式有其基本用法,重点掌握一些固定句型与结构中的动名词、同一动词(短语)后不定式和动名词比较、现在分词与动名词的区别。
基础预习非谓语动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当句子谓语成分的动词形式。
基本形式有四种:不定式(infinitive)、动名词(gerund)、分词(participle)和独立主格结构。
一、不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词中使用最广泛的一种,在句子中,它除了不能作谓语外,可以担当其他任何成分,可以作主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语和宾语补足语。
它在句子中起名词、形容词和副词的作用。
1.不定式的时态与语态动词不定式由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,但有时to也可以省略。
动词不定式不仅具有主动与被动的形式,而且还有一般、进行和完成三种时态形式。
一般时具有较鲜明的将来意义,所以常用来表示尚未发生的动作,这一点非常重要。
进行式和完成式则分别表示正在进行的动作和先于谓语动词发生的动作。
【例1】【例3】(93-语法)2.不定式的语法功能动词不定式具备名词、形容词和副词三种词性,所以能充当的句子成分也很多。
1)作主语不定式结构作主语时,为避免头重脚轻,一般用it作形式主语。
2)作宾语以不定式直接作宾语的动词多为“同意、决定、试图、安排、保证、拒绝、喜欢、害怕、假装、申请”等含义的词。
【例】用it作形式宾语,而将其真实宾语不定式后置的动词多属“认为、判定、感觉”等含义的词,如consider,feel,find,judge,make,think等。
3)作表语不定式结构作表语,跟在系动词后面,说明主语的状态。
【例】(04-Text 1)4)作定语在下列名词/代词后常接动词不定式作定语:【例】(02-翻译)5)作状语不定式结构可以单独作状语,表示目的,经常以in order to ,so as to ,such…as to 等形式出现。
不定式结构单独作状语,还可表示结果。
2017考研英语非谓语动词解析

2017考研英语非谓语动词解析来源:文都图书相信许多看过2016考研英语试卷和参考答案的同学们,都意识到语法在考研英语的重要性。
因为学好语法,不仅可以帮助我们理解好长难句,还可以帮助我们提高写作和英语整体能力。
所以我们就来谈谈非谓语动词,这个在考研英语中十分重要的考查内容。
首先,了解什么是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词,顾名思义就是在句子中充当谓语以外的其他成分,探究其本质可以发现,非谓语动词充当主语、宾语或表语,其目的就是实现动词的名词化表达;非谓语动词充当定语,目的是代替起修饰限定作用的定语从句;非谓语动词充当状语,其目的是将两个具有共同主语的句子写成一个句子。
其次,非谓语动词可以作主语、宾语和表语。
To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example o versimplifies.【解析】句子主干为:To say ...oversimplifies这个句子的难点就在于充当主语的是一个动词不定式:To say that the child learns by imitation and that the way to teach is to set a good example;且在这个不定式中出现了两个并列的宾语从句作say的宾语,加大了理解的难度。
The child learns by imitation为第一个宾语从句,the way to teach is to set a good example为第二个宾语从句。
【译文】认为孩子学习是靠模仿,教育的方式就是树立榜样,这些说法都过于简单了。
再次,非谓语动词做定语。
在前面后置定语的讲解中,都教授提到过,后置定语都可以改写成一个定语从句,如:a woman picking the blackberry可以改写为a woman who is picking the blackberry最后,非谓语动词作状语,这是一个很重要的考点。
2017考研英语非谓语动词的句子功能小结(大全)

2017考研英语非谓语动词的句子功能小结(大全)第一篇:2017考研英语非谓语动词的句子功能小结(大全)考研英语中,虽然没有直接考察语法知识,但是会通过阅读能力的考察来检测考生语法知识的掌握程度。
如果大家语法掌握不好,对一些长难句就不可能正确理解,文章自然读不懂,在做题目的时候不得不猜测答案,正确率也便大大降低了。
所以掌握基本的语法点是必须的,我们在备考的最初阶段一定要重视与考研相关的语法的学习。
下面,我们来谈一下考试中最常见的一种语法现象——非谓语动词形式。
大家都知道,一个小句中只能有一个谓语动词,如果表意时需要用到另外一个动词形式,这时候需要用动词的非谓语形式,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。
比如,我想要喝水。
想要是一个动词,喝水是一个动词,那么我们在写句子时就需要将一个动词变为非谓语动词形式,写成I want to drink water。
其中,to drink water作want的宾语。
顾名思义,非谓语动词在句子中不能够充当谓语。
那么它能够充当哪些句子成分呢?大家来看一下考研阅读中出现的几个与非谓语动词相关的例子。
1.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers.reforming the system动名词短语作主语2.Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.to implement them不定式作状语3.I think it is perhaps the case that some people associated with the company have only recently come to realize this.associated with the company过去分词作定语4.It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.terrifying,embarrassing 现在分词短语作表语,to get不定式作状语。
非谓语动词-非谓语动词

.
非谓语动词具有以下特征:
• 非谓语动词可以做主语、宾语等多种句子成分, 但唯独不能做谓语。
• 非谓语动词具有各种形态:原形、主动语态、被 动语态、进行时态和完成时态。
.
非谓语动词在句中充当的成分
★★
★
★
★
★★
★★
★
★
★
★★
★
★
★★
.
不定式、动名词用作主语
1.直接作主语: Seeing is believing. Smoking is not a good habit. To see is to believe. To smoke here is dangerous. 2.用it作形式主语 It’s no use talking too much without doing
.
非谓语动词的否定形式
• 所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是直接在其前面加 上not.
• 不定式的否定形式:not to do • 动名词的否定形式:not doing • 现在分词的否定形式:not doing • 过去分词的否定形式:not done
.
1. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___A_____ after
anything. It’s no good smoking too much. It is very kind of you to say so. It’s not difficult for you to learn English grammar
考研英语基本句型——非谓语动词-不定式共21页文档

61、奢侈是舒适的,否则就不是奢侈 。——CocoCha nel 62、少而好学,如日出之阳;壮而好学 ,如日 中之光 ;志而 好学, 如炳烛 之光。 ——刘 向 63、三军可夺帅也,匹夫不可夺志也。 ——孔 丘 64、人生就是学校。在那里,与其说好 的教师 是幸福 ,不如 说好的 教师是 不幸。 ——海 贝尔 65、接受挑战,就可以享受胜利的喜悦 。——杰纳勒 尔·乔治·S·巴顿
1、不要轻最远的人,常是愿意 去做,并愿意去冒险的人。“稳妥”之船,从未能从岸边走远。-戴尔.卡耐基。
梦 境
3、人生就像一杯没有加糖的咖啡,喝起来是苦涩的,回味起来却有 久久不会退去的余香。
考研英语基本句型——非谓语动词-不定 4、守业的最好办法就是不断的发展。 5、当爱不能完美,我宁愿选择无悔,不管来生多么美丽,我不愿失 去今生对你的记忆,我不求天长地久的美景,我只要生生世世的轮 回里有你。 式
谢谢!
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
2017考研英语复习资料-非谓语动词第一节动名词定义:动词的ing形式起名词作用时,称为动名词, 在句中作1.作主语: Dancing bored be.2.作表语: Her hobby is collecting stamps.3.作宾语:Please stop talking.4.作介词的宾语:She was looking forward to leaving the hospital wards1.动名词结构作主语1.一般结构:Reading French is easier than speaking it.Talking to him is talking to a wall.Lying in bed is my solo exercise.Seeing is believing.Talking mends no holes.2.先行词it作,动名词主语置后:It’s nice seeing you again.Is it worthwhile quarreling with her?It is tiring driving from morning till night.It’s a wonder meeting you here.It’s been a kind of misfortune having my class.3.There is + no +动名词,表示“没法......”= there is no way to do sth.There is no living in Beijing.There was arguing with her2.动名词结构作表语Her hobby is eating.She likes reading books.Denying this will be shutting one’s eyes to facts.His aim is everybody having a good time. (everybody作having a good time的逻辑主语)3.动名词结构作宾语Do you enjoying teaching?Other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.Teachers’ union have fought against dismissing bad teachers and promoting good one.4.动名词结构作介词的宾语He has given up taking medicine.She insisted on writing at once.Are you interested in going with us?I was afraid of making friends.They accused him of taking bribes.5.介词+动名词构成状语Think twice before making up your mind.And, in doing so, he fell into contradictions.After standing in the queue in four hours, we got two tickets.Instead of going to the haven, we went to the hell.6.介词+动名词构成定语He is good at the art of making friends.To whom do I have the honor of speaking.It’s a device for opening bottles.第二节分词定义:分词分为现在分词doing和过去分词done,补充说明名词或动词的状态,有形容词和副词的语法功能。
用来替换基本句式中的形容词和副词,充当表语、补语、定语和状语。
1.分词具有形容词属性的语法功能:充当表语、补语和定语1.分词结构作表语1)现在分词作表语,与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系:She appears forbidding.The situation is encouraging.2)过去分词作表语,与主句在逻辑上存在被动关系:He got promoted.She was encouraged to propose marriage to her lover.注:现在分词作表语和动名词作表语的区别1.动名词作表语,只能位于be动词之后,说明主语内容,回答“主语是什么”的问题。
One of the best exercise is swimming.(最好的运动是游泳)2.现在分词作表语,可位于所有系动词后,说明主语的性质、特征,回答“主语怎么样”The situations both at home and abroad is very inspiring.(现状鼓舞人心)She looks charming.分词作定语1)现在分词作定语,与其所修饰名词逻辑上是主动关系Marry is an boring potato.I find nothing amusing in the streets.I just bought a vocabulary book with words starting with A and ending with Z.2)过去分词作定语,与其所修饰名词逻辑上是被动关系In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as Lovelife recruits young people.3.分词结构作补语:一般在感觉、感官和使役动词后作补语1)在主动句中:现在分词表示宾语主动且在进行的动作Nothing gets people talking more than alcohol does.过去分词表示宾语被动或已经完成的动作。
What makes one respected is his actions instead of his words.2)在被动句中,分词补充说明主语状态He was caught dozing off in class.He was caught on the spot breaking into a shop.2.分词具有副词属性的语法功能:分词修饰谓语时,具有副词属性,补充说明位于动作的时间、方式、条件等。
1.分词结构单独做状语,其逻辑主语为主干主语Science and technology would kill all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.She spent a lot of time powdering her face.The girl are busy making artificial flowers.Whenever asked about it, he could help pouring the whole story out.Enraged by the humanity, God sent flood to the earth.2.独立结构:现在分词有自己的逻辑主语的情况,与主干主语不一致Not long ago, with Japan’s economic growth declining , China rose up and became the 2nd.The day being fine, we decided to go hiking.The bus burned, few passengers survived.Everybody, myself excepted, said no.第三节不定式定义:适用范围最广的非谓语动词,具有名词、形容词、副词的属性,可以替代词语充当的除谓语以外的所有成分:主、宾、表、定、补、状。
1.不定式结构充当主语1.基本结构:不定式结构位于句首How to give advice in English is what I am trying to learn.To err is human, to forgive, divine.To offend this might have serious consequences.2.变形结构:it作形式主语,不定式结构置于谓语后It will be unfavorable for you to make a sensational remark on this.It’s good to see you.2.不定式结构作宾语不定式作及物动词及词组的宾语He agreed to pay $400 for the bike.You must learn to fend for yourself.Don’t bother/trouble to answer such a stupid question.不定式有时需要有代词或副词引导I don’t know what to do next.I’ll asked him how to open the safe.During his life time, everyone actually think of who he is, where he come from and goes to.He wrote a book on how to lose weight by lying in the bed while eating.We will have a discussion about which way to go3.不定式结构作表语:The point is to win at any cost.When I was still a child, my ambition was to become a scientist.My question is how to get a higher mark in the exam without taking much effort.4.不定式结构作定语:修饰名词,具有形容词的性质Do you have any suggestions to offer?Would you like something to drink?He was the second man to hear the newsIt’s time to go to bed.People have the right to know.He said he had no intention to marry you.That will be the right procedure to follow5.不定式结构作状语:修饰动词,具有副词的性质作目的/结果状语:常以in order to.so ...as to, such...as to的形式出现For H&M to a $5 T-shirt, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor and on straining local natural resourcesHe was so careless as to leave his car unlocked.His behavior is such as to make his friends angry.She is old enough to travel by herself.充当形容词的状语:补充说明形容词产生的原因或结构。