在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编6

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在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案六

在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案六When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income,they tell you only half the truth.What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society,but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.Get a high school diploma,at least.Without that,you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison,and you can successfully dropout in grade school.Get a college degree,if possible.With a B.A.,you are on the launching pad.But now you have to start to put on the brakes.If you go for a master’s degree,make sure it is an M.B.A.,and is famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.Do you know,for instance,that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors?Yes,theaverage 1977 salary for those truckers was $24000. While the full professors managed to earn just $23030.A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get.Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes,if you pursue such a degree in any other field,you will face a dim future. there are more Ph.D.s unemloyed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy,you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands.Not for our needs,mind you,but for our demands.Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes,driving cars,waiting on table,and endlessly filling out applications month after month.They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor earns.You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far.Far enough,that is,to make you useful to the gross national product,but not so far thatnobody can turn much of a profit on you.1. According to the writer,what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _____.[A] will not be a disgrace to society[B] will become loyal citizens[C] can take care of themselves[D] can meet the nation’s demands as a source of manpower2. Many Ph.D.s are out of job because _____.[A] they are improperly educated[B] they are of little commercial value to their society[C] there are fewer jobs in high schools[D] they prefer easier jobs that make more money3. The nation is only interested in people _____.[A] with diplomas[B] who specialize in physics and chemistry[C] who are valuable to the gross national product[D] both A and C4. Which of the following is not true?[A] Bernard Shaw didn’t finish high schools,nordid Edison.[B] One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.[C] The higher your education level,the more money you will earn.[D] If you are too well-educated,you’ll be overeducated for society’s demands.5. The writer sees education as _____.[A] a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a country’s demands for technical workers[B] a way to broaden one’s horizons[C] more important than finding a job[D] an opportunity that everyone should have参考答案：D B C C A There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, some say, is not one of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000, years undergoes a dramatic polarity reversal—a period when north pole becomes south pole and south pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable?Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 metres of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements of magnetic-field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short terra, there seems to be an inevitable long-term decline preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years—the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kilometers beneath the earth’s surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000years ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (陨星) impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid, geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth’s inner physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.1.Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage?A.Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature.B.Measurement of the Earth’s Magnetic-Field Intensity.C.Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth.D.A New Approach to the Study of Geophysics.2.The word “flip” (Line6, Para, 2) most probably means “___”.A. declineB. intensifyC. fluctuateD. reverse3.What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research?A.Some regularity in the changes of the earth’s magnetic field.B.Some causes of the fluctuation of the earth’s magnetic field.C.The origin of the earth’s magnetic field.D.The frequency of polarity reversals.4.The French geophysicists’ study is different from currently prevailing theories in____.A.its identification of the origin of the earth’s magnet ic fieldB.the way the earth’s magnetic intensity is measuredC.its explanation of the shift in the earth’s polarityD.the way the earth’s fluctuation rhythm is defined5.In Peter Olson’s opinion, the French experiment_____.A.is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earthB.has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversalsC.is certain to help predict external disastersD.has caused great confusion among the world’s geophysicists参考答案：A D A C A I wonder if you realize just how many others share your problem. It is so common for people to distort the truth about themselves. Sometimes it’s just an invented excuse when you’re late for something or a pretence that you like someone you don’t. These white lies don’t usually harm anyone and indeed often help smooth over difficult social situations. They certainly are embarrassing if exposed but, on the whole, they’re easily forgiven.What you describe is a habit of lying that is more serious than this. I suspect that the lies you tell are ways of defending an idea you have of your own worth. People who have doubts about their own self-esteemoften worry that others will judge them as harshly as they feel they deserve because of a secret idea that they are pretty worthless. In other words, they create a false picture of themselves, a picture of someone who meets all the expectations they think others have of them, And as you say, that causes problems since they have to keep living up to that image. At the same time, they have to tell further lie to cover the stories they have already told. According to some authorities, this is particularly among women especially those who have few opportunities to develop an adequate sense of self-worth.I suggest you give yourself one day during which you stick solidly to the truth about yourself. Give yourself a small treat at the end of the day if you have managed to keep it up. Wait a week and then try it again. Once you have achieved three separate lie-free days, see if you can cope with three days running, then extend it to a whole week. Don’t make a promise to yourself that you will never lie again because almost certainly you will it’s too much to take on at once. Try to change things little by little, by setting yourself manageabletargets. After a while, you’ll wonder why you ever had the problem at all.1.This passage is a reply to someone who____.A.keeps a habit of lying for vain reasonsB.works hard to meet others’ expectationsC.does not know the truth about himself and is too sure of himselfD.does not know how to make a realistic plan for himself2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.White lies often cause embarrassment in social situations.B.It is important for women to have an adequate sense of self-worth.C.It takes a little time to get rid of your habit.D.Take exercise like running if you are free and keep it up.3.The expression “living up to” in the second paragraph can best be replaced by____.A. growing up withB. living withC. seekingD. sticking to4.In the last paragraph the writer impliesthat_____.A.you will solve the problem with patience and a strong willB.you must be hard on yourself to accomplish somethingC.your problem lies in the fact that you hasten to make promisesD.you must set different targets at different stages of your life参考答案：A B D A Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion—a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soondisappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings (支柱) would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us—hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objectsand events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”, and we apply thes e categories to every aspect of our social life—from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes he roes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal (刑法的) system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.1.The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that____.A.they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB.they would not know what was beneficial anti what was harmful to themC.they would not be happy with a life without loveD.they would do things that hurt each other’sfeelings2.According to the passage, people’s learning activities are. possible because they____.A.believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliveB.benefit from providing help and support to one anotherC.enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thingD.know what is vital to the progress of society3.It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on____.A.the ability to make moneyB.the will to work for pleasureC.the capacity to enjoy incentivesD.the categorizations of our emotional experiences4.Emotions are significant for man’s survival and adaptation because____.A.they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objectsB.they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintainedC.they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsD.they generate more love than hate among people5.The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they____.A.help society exploit its members for profitB.encourage us to perform important tasksC.help to perfect the legal and penal systemD.help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us参考答案：B C C B D。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷1

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷1(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don"t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth"s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but "nice" isn"t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you"ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. (345 words)（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should______.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he hopes to get √解析：解析：本题属于简单推理题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷16(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way. Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations. Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict. Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators. In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Griven the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions. (253 words)1．In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is______.A．wrongB．oversimplifiedC．misleadingD．unclear正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows______.A．the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB．the real value of conflictC．the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD．the complexity of defining the roles of conflict正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．We can learn from Schwenk’s research that______.A．a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization B．conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC．different people resolve conflicts in different waysD．it is impossible for people to avoid conflict正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations______.A．there is no end of conflictB．expression of different opinions is encouragedC．decisions must be justifiableD．success lies in general agreement正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．People working in a not-for-profit organization______.A．seem to be difficult to satisfyB．are free to express diverse opinionsC．are less effective in making decisionsD．find it easier to reach agreement正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship”to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase. This concept does not imply that business is benevolent (慈善的) orthat consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction—the firm and the customer—and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled! (269 words)6．The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ______.A．the practice of turning goods into moneyB．making goods available for purchaseC．the customer-centered approachD．a form of persuasive salesmanship正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A．The needs of the market.B．The efficiency of production.C．The satisfaction of the user.D．The preferences of the dealer.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible”(Line 4, Para. 1) means “______”.A．to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB．to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC．to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD．to redesign these goods for large-scale production正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A．Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B．It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C．Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D．Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on______.A．its main characteristicB．its social impactC．its possible consequenceD．its theoretical basis正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves. “he says. “Resume (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate,”Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. “To keep from losing the forest for the trees,”says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco. “We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else.”Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time. “says Garfield, “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. “ Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake. Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow. (271 words)11．According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected______.A．because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resumeB．because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resumeC．because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applicationsD．because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．The word “perfectionists” (Line l, Para. 3) refers to those who______.A．demand others to get everything absolutely rightB．know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstancesC．pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectivesD．are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?A．Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.B．Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.C．Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.D．Careless applicants are not to be trusted.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that______.A．minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectivesB．failure is the mother of successC．adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any workD．keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．The best title for this passage would be______.A．Don’t Be a PerfectionistB．Importance of AdjustmentsC．Details and Major ObjectivesD．Hard Work Plus Good Luck正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解The Carnegie Foundation report says that many colleges have tried to be “all things to all people”. In doing so, they have increasingly catered to a narrow minded careerism while failing to cultivate a global vision among their students. The current crisis, it contends, does not derive from a legitimate desire to put learning to productive ends. The problem is that in too many academic fields, the work has no context; skills, rather than being means, have become ends. Students are offered a variety of options and allowed to pick their way to a degree. In short, driven by careerism, “the nation’s colleges and universities are more successful in providing credentials (文凭) than in providing a quality education for their students. “The report concludes that the special challenge confronting the undergraduate college is one of shaping an “integrated core” of common learning. Such a core would introduce students “to essential knowledge, to connections across the disciplines, and in the end, to application of knowledge to life beyond the campus. “Although the key to agood college is a high-quality faculty, the Carnegie study found that most colleges do very little to encourage good teaching. In fact, they do much to undermine it. As one professor observed: “Teaching is important, we are told, and yet faculty know that research and publication matter most. “Not surprisingly, over the last twenty years colleges and universities have failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates. Faculty members who dedicated themselves to teaching soon discover that they will not be granted tenure (终身任期), promotion, or substantial salary increases. Yet 70 percent of all faculty say their interests lie more in teaching than in research. Additionally, a frequent complaint among young scholars is that “There is pressure to publish, although there is virtually no interest among administrators or colleagues in the content of the publications. “ (320 words)16．When a college tries to be “all things to all people” (Lines 1~2, Para. 1) it aims to______.A．satisfy the needs of all kinds of students simultaneouslyB．focus on training students in various skillsC．encourage students to take as many courses as possibleD．make learning serve academic rather than productive ends正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．By saying that “in too many academic: fields, the work has no context”(Line 5, Para. 1) the author means that the teaching in these areas______.A．ignores the actual situationB．is not based on the right perspectiveC．only focuses on an integrated core of common learningD．gives priority to the cultivation of a global vision among students正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．One of the reasons for the current crisis in American colleges and universities is that______.A．a narrow vocationalism has come to dominate many collegesB．students don’t have enough freedom in choosing what they want to learnC．skills are being taught as a means to an endD．students are only interested in obtaining credentials正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．American colleges and universities failed to graduate half of their four-year degree candidates because______.A．most of them lack high-quality facultiesB．the interests of most faculty members lie in researchC．there are not enough incentives for students to study hardD．they attach greater importance to research and publication than to teaching 正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．It can be inferred from the passage that high-quality college education calls forA．putting academic work in the proper contextB．a commitment to students and effective teachingC．the practice of putting learning to productive endsD．dedication to research in frontier areas of knowledge正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3(题后

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编3(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题To the people of ancient Egypt, life on earth was short. Life after death, however, was eternal. Therefore they built their tombs of stone and they took their possessions with them into another world. The more important the people, the greater the tomb. The Pharaohs were the rulers of the country and when they died they became gods. Many of their tombs remain, and some have become a wonder of the world. These are the pyramids. The purpose of these stone mountains was to protect the burial chamber from the weather and from thieves who might try to steal the gold, jewels and precious possessions placed there to accompany the dead ruler into eternal life. Their shape, with four triangular sides spreading from a single point, represented the rays of the sun. Their position on the west bank of the River Nile was where the sun set every day and where they believed it began its journey into the other world. All the burial grounds in ancient Egypt were on the west bank of the river.1．Why did the people of ancient Egypt build their tombs of stone?A．Because they thought life on the earth was short, but life after death was eternal.B．Because they wanted to bring all their possessions into another world.C．Because they wanted to protect their possessions into another world.D．All of the above.正确答案：D解析：这是一道细节题，要求考生回答古埃及人建石墓的原因。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. (227 words)1．The passage mainly discusses______.A．a new way of highway speed controlB．a new pattern for painting highwaysC．a new approach to training driversD．a new type of optical illusion正确答案：A解析：本题属于主旨大意题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷25(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Do you know how to use a mobile phone (手机) without being rude to the people around you? Talking during a performance irritates (激怒) people. If you are expecting an emergency call, sit near the exit doors and set your phone to vibrate (振动. When your mobile phone vibrates, you can leave quietly and let the others enjoy the performance. Think twice before using mobile phones in elevators, museums, churches or other indoor public places—especially enclosed spaces. Would you want to listen to someone’s conversation in these places? Worse yet, how would you feel if a mobile phone rang suddenly during a funeral! It happens more often than you think. Avoid these embarrassing situations by making sure your mobile phone is switched off. When eating at a restaurant with friends, don’t place your mobile phone on the table. This conveys the message that your phone calls are more important than those around you. Mobile phones have sensitive microphones that allow you to speak at the volume you would on a regular phone. This enables you to speak quietly so that others won’t hear the details of your conversations. If you are calling from a noisy area, use your hand to direct your voice into the microphone. Many people believe that they can’t live without their mobile phone. Owning a mobile phone definitely makes life more convenient, but limit your conversations to urgent ones and save the personal calls until you are at home. (253 words) 1．What should you do when you need to answer a phone call during a performance?A．Call back after the performance.B．Answer it near the exit door.C．Talk outside the exit door.D．Speak in a low voice.正确答案：C解析：本题属于事实细节题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷6(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷6(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers have appealed to people’s desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers’money. Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者) with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位，卡路里) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的) ，but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf. On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer’s real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising. Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product Consumers still control the final buying decision.(282 words)1．Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by______.A．stressing their high qualityB．convincing him of their low priceC．maintaining a balance between quality and priceD．appealing to his buying motives正确答案：D解析：本题属于事实细节题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷20(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes (灾难)，yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people’s lives. Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors. Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18 to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world. (388 words)1．Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______.A．more family-orientedB．unusually popularC．more profoundD．relatively formal正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ______.A．remain fascinated by themB．are ready to face up to themC．remain indifferent to themD．are willing to get involved in them正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A．A new type of robot.B．Racist hatred.C．Family budget planning.D．Street violence.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both______.A．ironicalB．sensitiveC．instructiveD．cynical正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows______.A．have monopolized the talk show circuitB．exploit the weaknesses in human natureC．appear at different times of the dayD．are targeted at different audiences正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Take the case of public education alone. The principal difficulty faced by the schools has been the tremendous increase in the number of pupils. This has been caused by the advance of the legal age for going into industry and the impossibility of finding a job even when the legal age has been reached. In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionatelyfewer workers than ever before. The result will be still further raising of the legal age for going into employment, and still further difficulty in finding employment when that age has been attained. If we cannot put our children to work, we must put them in school. We may also be quite confident that the present trend toward a shorter day and a shorter week will be maintained. We have developed and shall continue to have a new leisure class. Already the public agencies for adult education are swamped by the tide that has swept over them since the depression began. They will be little better off when it is over. Their support must come from the taxpayer. It is surely too much to hope that these increases in the cost of public education can be borne by the local communities. They cannot care for the present restricted and inadequate system. The local communities have failed in their efforts to cope with unemployment. They cannot expect to cope with public education on the scale on which we must attempt it. The answer to the problem of unemployment has been Federal relief. The answer to the problem of public education may have to be much the same, and properly so. If there is one thing in which the citizens of all parts of the country have an interest, it is in the decent education of the citizens of all parts of the country. Our income tax now goes in part to keep our neighbors alive. It may have to go in part as well to make our neighbors intelligent. We are now attempting to preserve the present generation through Federal relief of the destitute (贫民). Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require. (378 words)6．What is the passage mainly about?A．How to persuade local communities to provide more funds.B．How to cope with the shortage of funds for public education.C．How to improve the public education system.D．How to solve the rising unemployment problem.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．What is the reason for the increase in the number of students?A．The requirement of educated workers by business.B．Raising of the legal age for going to work.C．The trend toward a shorter workday.D．People’s concern for the future of the next generation.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．The public agencies for adult education will be little better off because______.A．the unemployed are too poor to continue their educationB．a new leisure class has developedC．they are still suffering from the depressionD．an increase in taxes could be a problem正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．According to the author, the answer to the problem of public education is that the Federal government______.A．should allocate Federal funds for public educationB．should demand that local communities provide supportC．should raise taxes to meet the needs of public educationD．should first of all solve the problem of unemployment正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．Why does the author say “Only a people determined to ruin the next generation will refuse such Federal funds as public education may require” (Lines 11~ 12, Para. 3)?A．Only by appropriating adequate Federal funds for education can the next generation have a bright future.B．Citizens of all parts of the country agree that the best way to support education is to use Federal funds.C．People all over the country should make contributions to education in the interest of the next generation.D．Educated people are determined to use part of the Federal funds to help the poor.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special-purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system：fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose lane system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway (高速公路) capacity. Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use is a special onramp (人口引道). As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward anautomated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers (非法进入者) could be swiftly identified by authorities. ) Either approach to joining, a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. And once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax. (392 words)11．We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways A．are being plannedB．are being modifiedC．are now in wide useD．are under construction正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that______.A．it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB．it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC．it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD．it offers more lanes for automated vehicles正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A．Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B．A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C．The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D．The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．We know from the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane______.A．by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB．by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC．through a specially guarded gateD．after all trespassers are identified and removed正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．When driving in an automated lane, the driver______.A．should harmonize with newly entering carsB．doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC．should watch out for potential accidentsD．doesn’t have to hold on to the steering wheel正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Bill Gates, the billionaire Microsoft chairman without a single earned university degree, is by his success raising new doubts about the worth of the business world’s favorite academic title: the MBA (Master of Business Administration). The MBA, a 20th-century product, always has borne the mark of lowly commerce and greed (贪婪) on the tree-lined campuses ruled by purer disciplines such as philosophy and literature. But even with the recession apparently cutting into the hiring of business school graduates, about 79, 000 people are expected to receive MBAs in 1993. This is nearly 16 times the number of business graduates in 1960, a testimony to the widespread assumption that the MBA is vital for young men and women who want to run companies some day. “If you are going into the corporate world it is still a disadvantage not to have one,”said Donald Morrison, professor of marketing and management science. “But in the last five years or so, when someone says, ‘Should I attempt to get an MBA’, the answer a lot more is: It depends. “The success of Bill Gates and other non-MBAs, such as the late Sam Walton of Wal-Mart Stores Inc., has helped inspire self-conscious debates on business school campuses over the worth of a business degree and whether management skills can be taught. The Harvard Business Review printed a lively, fictional exchange of letters to dramatize complaints about business degree holders. The article called MBA hires “extremely disappointing” and said “MBAs want to move up too fast, they don’t understand politics and people, and they aren’t able to function as part of a team until their third year. But by then, they’re out looking for other jobs. “The problem, most participants in the debate acknowledge, is that the MBA has acquired an aura (光环) of future riches and power far beyond its actual importance and usefulness. Enrollment in business schools exploded in the 1970s and 1980s and created the assumption that no one who pursued a business career could do without one. The growth was fueled by a backlash (反冲) against the anti-business values of the 1960s and by the women’s movement. Business people who have hired or worked with MBAs say those with the degrees often know how to analyze systems but are not so skillful at motivating people. “They don’t get a lot of grounding in the people side of the business,” said James Shaffer, vice-president and principal of the Towers Perrinmanagement consulting firm. (419 words)16．According to Paragraph 2, what is the general attitude towards business on campuses dominated by purer disciplines?A．Scornful.B．Appreciative.C．Envious.D．Realistic.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．It seems that the controversy over the value of MBA degrees has been fueled mainly by______.A．the complaints from various employersB．the success of many non-MBAsC．the criticism from the scientists of purer disciplinesD．the poor performance of MBAs at work正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．What is the major weakness of MBA holders according to The Harvard Business Review?A．They are usually self-centered.B．They are aggressive and greedy.C．They keep complaining about their jobs.D．They are not good at dealing with people.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．From the passage we know that most MBAs______.A．can climb the corporate ladder fairly quicklyB．quit their jobs once they are familiar with their workmatesC．receive salaries that do not match their professional trainingD．cherish unrealistic expectations about their future正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．What is the passage mainly about?A．Why there is an increased enrollment in MBA programs.B．The necessity of reforming MBA programs in business schools.C．Doubts about the worth of holding an MBA degree.D．A debate held recently on university campuses.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Oscar Night Oscar Night is one of the most awaited events in the entire entertainment industry of the world. The award ceremony has become an inseparable component of the life of all the people associated with Hollywood. One cannot simply escape the charm of this wonderful night. The scheduled time of the glitzy evening of Academy Award is usually late February or early March. It is time when the awards are presented for the year-best achievements in the Motion Picture Industry. The Oscar statuette, presented during the Awards night, is regarded to be the most prestigious honor for Hollywood artists. Oscar ceremony was started with the intention of acknowledging the excellence in Hollywood. It was also an approach, made a long time back, to encourage the spirit of the people connected with the Motion picture industry. The various categories of award try to honor people involved in all the facets of film-making. Academy Awards Night comprises of that point of time when the talented artists of the film fraternity get the apt recognition. It is the best way of honoring the efforts and dedication that go into the making of a movie. Oscars are organized in a grand manner, with an alluring appeal. This mega event takes place at the Kodak Theatre, in Los Angles, annually. Oscar Night is the much-awaited moment, when all the stars of Hollywood gather at a single venue. The Red Carpet is rolled out for the dignitaries of the function. The air is filled with the gusto and zeal of the celebrities, who are invited to witness this ceremony. The atmosphere of Oscar Night is ruled by an element of surprise. It is the night when the mystery unfolds with each passing moment, with the announcement of winners in various categories.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, ______.（分数：2.00）A.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all those who are related to Hollywood √B.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all the people who are associated with Los AngelesC.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all those who are living in HollywoodD.The award ceremony is an inseparable part of the life of all the people who are working in film industry解析：解析：这是一道细节题，考查考生对第一段第二句话“The award ceremony has be—come an inseparable component of the life of all the people associated with Hollywood．”的理解。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷6

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷6(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea. Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea. Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home. (282 words)（分数：10.00）(1).What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?（分数：2.00）A.The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B.The experts" lack of knowledge.C.The washing-away of limestone cliffs. √D.The rising of the sea level.解析：解析：本题属于细节推断题。

在职MPA联考英语阅读专项练习及答案6

在职MPA联考英语阅读专项练习及答案6 2010年在职MPA联考英语阅读专项练习及答案6 The market investigation is indispensable to sales promotion. They are as closely related as the lips and teeth, so to speak. What you produce is for sale on the market. It would be impossible to succeed in selling a product without first investigating the market. In the international market, goods on sale coming from different countries and suppliers are always facing keen competition. Under such circumstances, they will try everything possible to familiarize themselves with the market conditions. In making investigations, we ought to get information about what similar items the competitors are offering on the market, what prices they are quoting(报价), what features their products have, who are their regular customers, etc. Then, how can we obtain such information? There are many channels that we can make use of in doing this sort of work. The commercial counselor’s offices of our embassies stationed abroad can help us in making market investigations. Nowadays, our import and export corporations send their trade groups abroad every now and then. One of their purposes is to make market surveys on the spot. Certainly, face-to-face talks with foreign businessmen are also important。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编5(题后

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Researchers have shown that noise can adversely affect human in both physiological and psychological ways. Hearing losses in particular occupations such as shipbuilding and construction work are well-known. In fact, however, we all find hearing more difficult as we age. Young ears can distinguish a wide range of sounds from low to very high frequencies, while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high-pitched sounds. A comparison of people living in some industrialized and non-industrialized areas suggests that this hearing loss may not necessarily accompany old age. Furthermore, a closer inspection of other data reveals economic effects. For instance, an increased turnover in property has been observed in noisy areas near airports. Job performance can be adversely affected by loud noise, especially if accuracy and mental effort are involved. The use of outdoor areas for conversation is not possible for an estimated 5 to 10 million people who live or work in urban areas. When interference with television or speech or sleep is included, as many as 22 to 24 million people can be said to have lost part of the use of their homes and grounds because of noise. Thus noise pollution is a serious environmental concern. The indifferent attitude toward noise should be overcome; considerable efforts should be made to alert people to the grave effects that may stem from an excessively noisy environment.1．We can learn from this passage that______.A．young people are sensitive to high-pitched soundsB．young people distinguish low frequency noise better than old peopleC．high frequency noise can cause hearing loss in old peopleD．people in industrialized areas will suffer hearing loss when they are old正确答案：A解析：这是一道细节题，可定位在本文第1段“Young ears can distinguish a widerange of sounds from low to very high frequencies，while older ears lose the ability to distinguish high—pitched sounds．”说明年轻人比老年人更能分辨高频声音，选项A是其同义表达。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷5

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解-试卷5(总分：40.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：4，分数：40.00)Richard Satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者). "With virtual reality we"ll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said Satava. He envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers. The computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the U.S. The surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. The doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier. Although Satava"s vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. Engineers at an international organization in California are developing a tele-operating device. As surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. The computer provides feedback to the surgeon on force, textures, and sound. These technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. At Wayne State University Medical School, surgeon Lucia Zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-D image. She can then maneuver the 3-D image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the tumor (肿瘤). Zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. While cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient"s brain taken before surgery. During these procedures—operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered—surgeons are wearing 3-D glasses for a better view. And they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can. Satava says, "We are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine. " (392 words )（分数：10.00）(1).According to Richard Satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine______.（分数：2.00）A.will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldB.can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldC.will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefield √D.can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield解析：解析：本题属于细节辨析题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1(题后

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring and are less likely to fall chronically ill when they are older, according to an Austrian scientist. Using census(人口普查)data for more than one million people in Austrian, Denmark and Australia, scientists at the Max Plank Institute for Demographic(人口统计的)Research found the month of birth was related to life expectancy over the age of 50. Seasonal differences in what mothers ate during pregnancy, and infections occurring at different times of the year could both have an impact on the health of a new-born baby and could influence its life expectancy in old age. “A mother giving birth in spring spends the last stage of her pregnancy in winter, when she will eat fewer vitamins than in summer,”said one of the scientists. “When she stops breast-feeding and starts giving her baby normal food, it’s in the hot weeks of summer when babies are inclined to infections of the digestive system. “In Austria, adults born in autumn lived about seven months longer than those born in spring, and in Denmark adults with birthdays in autumn outlived those born in spring by about four months. In the southern hemisphere, the picture is similar. Adults born in the Australian autumn lived about four months longer than those born in the Australian spring. The study focused on people born at the beginning of the 20th century, using death certificates and census data. Although nutrition at all times of the year has improved since then, the seasonal pattern persists.1．People born in autumn live longer than those born in spring because______.A．a baby born in autumn is never subject to any infectionsB．a baby born in spring receives no protection from infectionsC．a mother giving birth in spring has less nutrition during her pregnancyD．a mother giving birth in autumn eats more vitamins during the last stage of her pregnancy正确答案：D解析：这是一道细节题，要求回答秋季出生的人比春季出生的人长寿的原因。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷13(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷13(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints (约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources, not just pay increases. Consider Beth’s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubicle (小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way. It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice”isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it. Performance is your best bargaining chip (筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want. Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services? Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction. (345 words)1．According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should______.A．demonstrate his capabilityB．give his boss a good impressionC．ask for as much money as he canD．ask for the salary he hopes to get正确答案：D解析：本题属于简单推理题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷18(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题According to a survey, which was based on the responses of over 188,000 students, today’s traditional-age college freshmen are “more materialistic and less altruistic (利他主义的)”than at any time in the 17 years of the poll. Not surprising in these hard times, the student’s major objective “is to be financially well off. Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life. “It follows then that today the most popular course is not literature or history but accounting. Interest in teaching, social service and the “altruistic”fields is at a low. On the other hand, enrollment in business programs, engineering and computer science is way up. That’s no surprise either. A friend of mine (a sales representative for a chemical company) was making twice the salary of her college instructors her first year on the job—even before she completed her two-year associate degree. While it’s true that we all need a career, it is equally true that our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge in fields far removed from our own and that we are better for our understanding of these other contributions—be they scientific or artistic. It is equally true that, in studying the diverse wisdom of others, we learn how to think. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as to see beyond our immediate needs. Weekly we read of unions who went on strike for higher wages, only to drive their employer out of business. No company; no job. How shortsighted in the long run! But the most important argument for a broad education is that in studying the accumulated wisdom of the ages, we improve our moral sense. I saw a cartoon recently which shows a group of businessmen looking puzzled as they sit around a conference table；one of them is talking on the intercom (对讲机): “Miss Baxter,” he says, “could you please send in someone who can distinguish right from wrong?”From the long-term point of view, that’s what education really ought to be about. (353 words)1．According to the author’s observation, college students______.A．have never been so materialistic as todayB．have never been so interested in the artsC．have never been so financially well off as todayD．have never attached so much importance to moral sense正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解2．The students’criteria for selecting majors today have much to do with______.A．the influences of their instructorsB．the financial goals they seek in lifeC．their own interpretations of the coursesD．their understanding of the contributions of others正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解3．By saying “While it’s true that…be they scientific or artistic” (Lines 1 —4, Para. 5), the author means that______.A．business management should be included in educational programsB．human wisdom has accumulated at an extraordinarily high speedC．human intellectual development has reached new heightsD．the importance of a broad education should not be overlooked正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解4．Studying the diverse wisdom of others can______.A．create varying artistic interestsB．help people see things in their right perspectivesC．help improve connections among peopleD．regulate the behavior of modern people正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解5．Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A．Businessmen absorbed in their career are narrow-minded.B．Managers often find it hard to tell, right from wrong.C．People engaged in technical jobs lead a more rewarding life,D．Career seekers should not focus on immediate interests only.正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解Nearly all “speed reading” courses have a “pacing” element—some timing device which lets the student know how many words a minute he is reading. You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached. Check the average number of words per page for the particular book you are reading. How do you know when 5 minutes has passed on your watch if you are busy reading the book? Well, this is difficult at first. A friend can help by timing you over a set period, or you can read within hearing distance of apublic clock which strikes the quarter hours. Pace yourself every three or four days, always with the same kind of easy, general interest books. You should soon notice your accustomed w.p.m. rate creeping up. Obviously there is little point in increasing your w.p.m. rate if you do not understand what you are reading. When you are consciously trying to increase your reading speed, stop after every chapter (if you are reading a novel) or every section or group of ten or twelve pages (if it is a textbook) and ask yourself a few questions about what you have been reading. If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, reread the section or chapter. You can also try “lightning speed”exercise from time to time. Take four or five pages of the general interest book you happen to be reading and read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not bother about whether you understand or not. Now go back and read them at what you feel to be your “normal” w.p.m. rate, the rate at which you can comfortably understand. After a lightning speed reading through you will usually find that your “normal” speed has increased—perhaps by as much as 50-100 w.p.m. This is the technique sportsmen use when they usually run further in training than they will have to on the day of the big race. (341 words)6．According to the passage, a “pacing” device______.A．is used to time student’s reading speedB．is not used in most speed reading coursesC．is used as an aid to vocabulary learningD．should be used whenever we read alone正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解7．In speed reading, looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes______.A．avoids the need for reading fasterB．is not the same as pacingC．may seem unworkable at firstD．helps you to remember your page number正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解8．When you are reading a novel, you should check your understanding of the content after______.A．every chapterB．every sectionC．every four or five pagesD．every ten or twelve pages正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解9．The purpose of the “lightning speed” exercise is to______.A．increase your speed by scanning the text firstB．test your maximum reading speedC．help you understand more of the content of the bookD．enable you to win reading races against your friends正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解10．The best title for this passage would be______.A．Hints for Successful ReadingB．Hints for Speed ReadingC．Effective ReadingD．Lightning Speed Exercises正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Apollo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war. Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before. Today Mars looms (隐约出现) as humanity’s next great terra incognita (未探明之地). And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space? With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite (陨石) from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science; the prevalence of life in the universe. (362 words)11．According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was______.A．to display their country’s military mightB．to accomplish some significant scienceC．to find new areas for colonizationD．to pursue commercial and state interests正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解12．At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is______.A．international cooperationB．scientific researchC．nationalistic reasonsD．long-term profits正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解13．What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?A．To find out if life ever existed there.B．To see if humans could survive there.C．To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D．To show the leading role of science in space exploration.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解14．By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been” (Line 1, Para. 4), the author means that______.A．with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB．in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC．in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever before D．with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue 正确答案：B 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解15．The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would______.A．make clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB．confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteorite C．reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD．provide an explanation why life is common in the universe正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解You must have been troubled by when to say “I love you” because it is one of the greatest puzzles in our life. What if you say it first and your partner doesn’t love you back? Or if they do say it, but you don’t feel they mean it? Being the first to declare your love can be ever racking (紧张) and risky and can leave you feeling as vulnerable as a turtle (海龟) with no shell. But is the person who says it first really in a position of weakness? Doesn’t it pay to hold back, play it cool and wait until the other half has shown their hand first? “A really good relationship should be about being fair and being equal,”says psychologist Sidney Crown. “But love is seldom equal. “ All relationships go through power struggles but, he says, if a love imbalance continues for years, the rot will set in. “That feeling of ‘I’ve always loved you more’may be subverted (颠覆，破坏) for a time, but it never goes away completely and it often emerges in squabbling (大声争吵). “In love, at least, the silent, withholding type is not always the most powerful. “The strongest one in a relationship is often the person who feels confident enough to talk about their feelings,”says educational psychologist Ingrid Collins. Psychosexual therapist Paula Hall agrees. “The one with the upper hand is often the person who takes the initiative. In fact, the person who says ‘I love you’ first may also be the one who says ‘I’m bored with you’ first. “ Hall believes that much depends on how “I love you”is said and the motivation of the person saying it. “Is it said when they’re drunk? Is it said before their partner files off on holiday, and what it really means is ‘Please don’t be unfaithful to me’? By saying ‘I love you’, they are really saying ‘Do you love me?’ If so, wouldn’t it just be more honest to say that?” Collins agrees that intention is everything. “It’s not what is said, but how it’s said What it comes down to is the sincerity of the speaker. “ (354 words) 16．What is the main idea of this passage?A．The importance of “I love you”.B．The meaning of “I love you”.C．The time of saying “I love you”.D．The place of saying “I love you”.正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解17．In the first sentence the author means that______.A．it is easy to say “I love you”B．it is hard to say “I love you”C．we have many troubles in our lifeD．people usually do not know when to say “I love you”正确答案：D 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解18．According to the expert, a good relationship should be______.A．fair and equalB．fair and kindC．powerful and equalD．confident and fair正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解19．In the third paragraph, the phrase “with the upper hand” means______.A．being low in spiritB．having only one handC．being activeD．being passive正确答案：C 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解20．What is the most important for you to consider when somebody say “I love you” to you?A．The intention.B．The place.C．The time.D．The determination.正确答案：A 涉及知识点：英文阅读理解。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题“Opinion”is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most do attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,”and “Everyone’s entitled to his opinion,”are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant. Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend “What do you think of the new Ford cars?” And he may reply, “In my opinion, they’re ugly. “ In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste. “But consider this very different use of the term, a newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes; they stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. (311 words)1．Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author?A．Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.B．Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.C．Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.D．Casual use of the word “opinion” often brings about quarrels.正确答案：A解析：本题属于判断题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编7

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编7(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand—he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter choose to paint a gangrenous(生坏疽的)leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing out attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, and emphasizing something—all of which mean that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.（分数：10.00）(1).All artists are common in that______.（分数：2.00）A.they use shapes and colors instead of wordsB.they are trying to teach the public √C.what they want to teach is difficult to explainD.they want to learn from the public解析：解析：这是一道细节题。

在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编6(题后

在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编6(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. As with earlier journeys, Leopold wanted to display his son’s abilities as a performer and a rapidly maturing composer. After finally returning with his father from Italy on 13 March 1773, Mozart was em-ployed as a court musician by the ruler of Salzburg, Prince-Archbishop Hieronymus Col-loredo. The composer had a great number of friends and admirers in Salzburg. Despite these artistic successes, Mozart grew increasingly discontented with Salzburg and redoubled his efforts to find a position elsewhere. One reason was his low salary. In August 1777, Mozart resigned his Salzburg position and, on 23 September, ventured out once more in search of employment, with visits to Augsburg, Mannheim, Paris, and Munich. Since Archbishop Colloredo would not give Leopold leave to travel, Mozart’s mother Anna Maria accompanied him. Mozart became acquainted with members of the famous orchestra in Mannheim, the best in Europe at the time. He also fell in love with Aloysia Weber, one of four daughters in a musical family. There were prospects of employment in Mannheim, but they came to nothing and Mozart left for Paris on 14 March 1778 to continue his search. One of his letters from Paris hints at a possible post as an organist at Versailles, but Mozart was not interested in such an appointment. Mozart’s new career in Vienna began well. He performed often as a pianist, notably in a competition before the Emperor on 24 December 1781, and he soon “had established himself as the finest keyboard player in Vienna”.6．According to the author, Mozart began to show his talent in music composition______.A．when he was at the age of fiveB．when he was at the age of fourC．when he was bornD．when his father taught him music正确答案：A解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。

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在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解历年真题试卷汇编6(总分：30.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、英文阅读理解题(总题数：3，分数：30.00)Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the friendship for granted, we often don"t clearly understand how we make friends. While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very few. For example, the average among students is about 6 per person. In all the cases of friendly relationships, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of intimacy between them and the reasons for their shared interest vary enormously. As we get to know people we take into account things like age, race, economic condition, social position , and intelligence. Although these factors are not of prime importance, it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a marked difference in age and background. Some friendly relationships can be kept on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common—they often talk about "being on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point. And the more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to break a promise. Equally, friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinion. In contrast with marriage, there are no friendship ceremonies to strengthen the association between two people. But the supporting and understanding of each other that results from shared experiences and emotions does seem to create a powerful bond, which can overcome differences in background, and break down barriers of age, class or race.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the author, ______.（分数：2.00）A.all those who get on well with each other are friendsB.friends are closer than people who just get on well with each other √C.everyone understands clearly how to make friendsD.every student has 6 friends解析：解析：这是一道考查细节的题型。

文中首段提到“…we often don’t clearly under—stand how we make friends．While we get on well with a number of people，we are usuallyfriends with only a very few．For example，the average among students is about 6 per per—son．”可推出选项A、C 和D都不符合题意。

含有绝对语气的词不能作为答案，A、C、D中含有all，everyone，every，意思太过绝对，也应首先排除。

因此只有选项B正确。

(2).When we make friends, we consider such things as age, race, and background, because______.（分数：2.00）A.it is not easy to have a friendly relationship with people when there is a marked difference in age and background √B.the degree of friendship between two people and the reasons for their shared interest can vary greatlyC.friends need to know all these thingsD.these are the most important factors to make friends解析：解析：这也是一道考查细节的题型。

从首段最后一句“Although these factors arenot of prime importance，it is more difficult to get on with people when there is a markeddifference in age and background．”可以看出选项A是符合题意的，选项B、C和D都比较片面。

(3).In Paragraph 2, "being on the same wavelength" means______.（分数：2.00）ing the same frequency while talkingB.keeping the same friendly relationship as other people doC.having similar ideas, beliefs, attitudes and interests √D.having the same background解析：解析：这是一道考查推理的题型。

题干要求：推出“being on the same wavelength”在文中的意思。

考生首先找到这个短语在文章中的位置，根据前面一句或是后面一句的意思推出短语的意思。

第二段的首句“Some friendly relationships can be kept on argumentand discussion，but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs，to haveattitudes and interests in common-they often talk about‘being on the same wave—length’．”短语前出现的破折号有解释说明的意思。

因此，选项C是符合题意的。

值得注意的是，选项A是该短语的本意“说话时用同样的频率”，所以不符合文意。

(4).Which of the following is not implied in the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Even friends may have differences of opinion.B.Friends never argue with each other. √C.It generally takes time for people to become close friends.D.Someone"s habits may annoy his friends.解析：解析：这是一道判断是非的题型。

注意题干中的NOT。

选项A，“朋友之间也会存在不同观点”，文中多处提到朋友间不同的信仰、态度、观点和兴趣，因此符合文意。

选项B，“朋友之间从来不发生争吵”，虽然文章并没有直接提到，但明显不符合文意，never一词也太绝对。

选项C，“成为亲密的朋友关系需要花费时间”，主要在文中第二段提及，符合文意。

选项D，“有些人的习惯使朋友感到不快”也是符合文意的。

(5).To strengthen friendly relationship, people______.（分数：2.00）A.must hold friendship ceremoniesB.have to eliminate differences in backgroundC.should make friends with those who are of the same age and of the same raceD.should support and understand each other through shared experiences and emotions √解析：解析：这是一道细节推理题。

题干：人们要增进友谊关系，需要怎么做?含有相关答案的信息的语句，在文中第三段最后一句中有所体现。