考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇

常用的前缀和后缀，部分国家（或地区）、语言、国de-：showing an opposite；to remove；to reduce code-decode 译码、解码、分析电子信号民及国籍表，洲名及常见缩写词

value-devalue 贬值，贬低

dis-：not；the opposite of

一、常用的前缀和后缀advantage-disadvantage 1、常用前缀不利、劣势、短处

agree-disagree：concerning the air of aircraft 不同意、不一致、不适合aero-honest-dishonest 不诚实、不老实plane-aeroplane 飞机

em-：( used before b，space-aerospace 航空空间m，p ) to cause to become

body-embody 表现、象征；包括、包含anti-：against；opposite of

power-empower 授权、准许nuclear-antinuclear 反对核武器的

en-：to cause to become matter-antimatter反物质；to make

danger-endanger 危及、使遭受危险war-antiwar反战的large-enlarge 扩大、扩充of or by oneself 放大auto-：ex-：自传former ( and still living )

autobiographybiography传记–minister-ex-minister criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省v辅助; 服侍,部长

wife-ex-wife 前妻as the stated thing

be-：to treat

extra-：outside；beyond

friend-befriend以朋友的方式对待；照顾

curricular-extracurricular 学校课程以外的使显得微小，轻视、贬低

little-belittleordinary-extraordinary ；bi-：two；twice double 奇怪；特别；额外，临时

fore-：in advance，before；in or at the front lingual-bilingual 双语的；人cycle-bicycle

arm-forearm前臂，预先武装

warn-forewarn 预先警告；事先告知bio-：concerning living things

il-：( used before l ) not

生化chemistry-biochemistry

legal-illegal 非法literate-illiterate sphere-biosphere 生物圈目不识丁、文盲的

im-：，by-bye-less important ：( used before b，m，p ) not

produce-by-produce

moral-immoral 不道德、邪恶；放荡的

possible-impossible way-byway不可能、办不到的；很难接受偏僻小路；学科的次要领域，冷门in-hundredth part

centi-：：not

direct-indirect grade-centigrade ?摄氏间接地，婉转的厘米meter-centimeter

sensitive-insensitive with

感觉迟钝，不友好的；麻木，：co-togetherinfra-：below in a range；beyond author-coauthor合著者，合著

red-infrared 红外线的同时共存、和平共处exist-coexist

structure—with

( used before l ) together：，infrastructure 基础设施，基础结构col-inter-排列，配置，词的搭配location-collocation ：between；among

change with p ) together m( used before bcom-：，，，—interchange 互换、互易；交替变换national—international 怜悯、同情passion-compassion 国际的

intra-：inside，with

togethercon-：，within；into

city—intracity市内的同一中心的、同轴centric-concentric

department--intra-department federation-confederation结盟同盟，联邦

ir-：：contra-opposite

（used before r）not

regular矛盾、否定—反驳irregular 不对称、不规则的；不定期的diction-contradiction responsiblenatural-contranatural—irresponsible 不负责违背自然的

kilo-( used before r ) togethercor-：：thousand

with ，gram—有相关性relate-correlate kilogram千克meter--kilometer千米

macro-：large，esp. concerning a whole system rather respond-correspond 相符合相一致，相当类似通信thanopposite

：counter-

particular parts of

act-counteract 对抗、抵消economics—macroeconomics 宏观经济学反攻、反击

attack-counterattack

structure—going between the stated things and ；across：cross-macrostructure宏观结构

mal-：joining them

bad or badly

function—malfunction 故障，障碍越野的country-crosscountry 虐待、滥用maltreat —treat 杂种，使杂交breed-crossbreed

micro-：extremely small

semi-：half；partly

circle——microcomputer 微机semicircle半圆形computerfinal—semifinalmicroelectronics electronics—微电子学半决赛

step-：not by birth but through a parent who has mid-：middle

remarried midday 中午day—mother——midnight 午夜stepmother继母nightchildren—stepchildren mini-：small；short 养子

sub-：under，below；less important；part of the stated minibus bus—小汽车bigger skirt—miniskirt 超短裙

whole

wrong or wrongly

：bad or badly；mis-divide—不幸，厄运；灾难、灾祸—misfortune subdivide再分，细分fortunesection--subsection分部误会误解,分段,小部分,小单位,细分understand—misunderstand super-：；mono-：onesingle

more，larger，greater than usual

market—supermarket超市monoplaneplane—单翼机

natural—supernatural超自然的，超自然的现象—tonemonotone 单调的

tele-：at or over a long distancemany

multi-：more than one；；by or for television

communication—多种用途的，多目标multipurpose telecommunication电信purpose—

screen--telescreen

national—多国的，跨国公司multinational therm(o)-not

：concerning heat ：non-chemistry--thermochemistry )(resident--non(-)resident〉①不住在某地的②