慎小嶷 《十天突破雅思口语》总结1精编版

General Introduction
标准：It's not what you say. It's how you say it.
流利度、语法、发音、词汇量
（7分是快速思考后较为连贯地说出来的，但中间会有呼吸和短暂思考需要的自然停顿。

和考官的交流比较充分而且已经有一定的层次关系，但允许出现不导致严重误解的语法、用词或发音错误）
注意事项：
1. 注意一些小短语：
work out
let sb. down
pile up
liven up
polish up (=improve)
crack sb. up (=make sb. laugh)
hand down from
wind down (=relax)
2. 不要使用过于口语化的表达
eg. wanna, ain't, gal, yucky
3. 如果没有听懂考官问的问题
Could you please rephrase the question?
Well, my best guess would be......
Part 1: Chat；确保每道题平均能回答3句话左右
Topics: Studies, Work, Buildings, People
Entertainment, Weather & Seasons, Hometown, Reading & Writing
Food, Age, Arts, Colours
Nature, Collection, Clothing, Traveling
Sports & Outdoor activities, Pets, Festivals & Holidays & Parties, Shopping
问题类型：Yes/No类题
Wh-/How类题
Part 2: Description；会有适当的思考和停顿；需要有规划和秩序；句式会有一些变化
最有价值的信息来自与你在同一个半天内考试的其他考生。

Topics: Objects, Events, Places, Abstracts, People
Part 3: Discussion；多数时候与Part 2所考卡片的话题有关，但也有可能离开卡片的话题；会用到很多表示逻辑关系的连接词；比Part 1和Part 2更正式，但没有工作面试正式；要论述好自己的观点
Topics: Buildings
Language, Weather & Season, Cities & Countryside, Reading & Writing
Food & Health, Media & Celebrities, Arts
Nature, Collection, Clothing, Traveling
Sports & Games, Animals, Festivals & Parties, Shopping
Volunteers & Charities, Employment
问题类型：经常会有1-2个涉及比较不同讨论对象间的差异的问题
经常会有1-2个涉及利弊的问题
经常会有1-2个要求分析原因或解决方法的问题
Part 1/3可以用到的解题技巧：六字诀
Time, Cost, Mood, Health, Safety, Knowledge
（对于能自己快速想出来答案的问题就不必依赖于六字诀，必须确保流利度）
雅思口语的词
•Words in the speaking test (P49-P71)
1. Colloquial words and phrases (P49-P52)
stuff (不能加复数), folks, pretty, fun (=interesting), adore, shortly, spot, eye-opening, decent (不错的), hang out (后面不能直接接宾语), kind of/sort of, like, in a row (=one after another), entire, as well, is a piece of cake/is a snap/is a breeze (小菜一碟), during, know ... inside and outside/backwards and forwards (精通), I'm all for (我完全支持), is no picnic/is a pain in the neck (很折磨人), really bothers me/is getting on my nerves, kick back and relax/let one's hair down (放松), a couple of, a bunch of (一些), dozens of, loads of/piles of/tons of/a multitude of, make sense (合理),you name it/and the list goes on and on (应有尽有), By doing that, I kill two birds with one stone, is the best + noun, hands down (...绝对是最...的), would be the last thing I want to do, That's the way the ball bounces (命中注定就是这样了), get the hang of (基本了解), get ... down pat (完全掌握了), What a shame, is nonexistent, end up doing, suit ... well/suit ...'s needs
2. Slang words and phrases (P53-P54)
buff/freak/mania (对事物；对人用fan/admirer), nerd/geek, freak out (=be so surprised), let off steam (=release pressure), feel under the weather (=feel sick), pricey, beats, not up to par (=not satisfactory), is a drag (=is boring), the daily grind (=the boring thing you have to do everyday), is totally gross, is over my head (=is hard to understand), drive me up the wall (=drive me crazy), have a ball/blast (=have a good time), funky, outfit, flashy (=attention-getting), snazzy (=beautiful and expensive), weird/odd, corny (=old and uninteresting), a gamer/vid-kid (=a peron who likes playing video games)
3. Alternatives to some excessively-used words (P55-P60)
1）关于数量
2）关于活动
3）关于物品
4）关于人
5）关于爱好
6）关于天气
7）关于建筑
8）关于食品
9）关于时间
10）关于喜欢/讨厌
11）关于频率
4. Magical nouns (P61-P62)
leisure, mood, ambience, efficiency, smog, necessity, incentive, the pace of life, competition, encouragement, enjoyment, gallery, artworks, pastime, preference, an approach, nutrition, cuisine, status symbol, fragrance, family bonds, potential, employment, blockbuster (大片儿), satisfaction/fulfillment, traffic congestion,
rules and regulations, the hustle and bustle (喧闹拥挤), the daily grind, tourist attractions
5. Phrasal verbs (P63-P65)
check out, figure out (=understand), bring about, carry out, go about (从事), come up with, face up to (承担), pay off (有回报), take up (开始), think of, work out, rip sb. off (买东西被骗了), take ... into account, get rid of, sleep in (睡懒觉), get so worked up (很紧张), adapt to, participate in, cope with, get stuck, stick to, brush up on (突击复习), burn out (累垮了), wind down (=relax), let down, liven up expand our knowledge/outlook/enlarge out vision, can never hurt/won't hurt (不会有坏处的), ease your mind, release pressure
6. Super-cool adjectives and adverbs (P65-P70)
1）Adjectives
2）Adverbs
3）Antonymys for pros
•100 words in Part 2 (P72-P77) 1. 按感官分类
1）视觉
2）听觉
3）嗅觉
4）味觉
5）感觉
6）休闲
2. 按话题分类
1）Cities
2）Natural beauty
3）Buildings
4）People
5）Animals
6）Objects
•287 words in Part 3 (P343-P355)
雅思口语的句子
注意事项：
1. 尽量少用长、难、怪的句子。

2. 不要频繁地使用Firstly, ... Secondly, ... Furthermore, ...和Moreover, ...替换为First off, ... /To start with, ... /To begin with, ...; also/as well; and等。

•口语中常用的连接词(P82-P86)
1. 因果
so/so that/therefore （在地道口语中用得并不算多）
because/'cause/coz（不正式，不宜过度使用）
2. 让步
even though
even if
although
as long as
3. 转折
..., though
but
however
4. 递进
apart from
besides
5. 修饰
that/which/who
when/where
6. 对比
while/whereas（表示两种人或物之间的对比）
in/by contrast（表示两种人或物之间的对比）
on the other hand
7. 举例和泛指
like
such as
and stuff/things like that
or something like that
take...for example
in some/most cases（属于泛指，不必具体说明例子）
8. 其他
as well
as well as
in terms of
instead of/rather than
in particular
as far as ... (is concerned/goes)
9. 不是连词却胜似连词的表达
tend to
basically
actually
get
•Essential words and phrases
1. Words
As I see it, .../I guess .../I suppose ...
As for .../When it comes to .../Talking about ...（英式）/Speaking of ...（美式）tons of/loads of/piles of/a multitude of
a wealth of + 积极的事物
... and the like/... and stuff like that/... and what not
2. Phrases
tend to/for the most part（代替most of）
I think of ... as .../I regard ... as ...（代替should）
be supposed to
be more likely to
not necessarily 不一定，未必
There's no sense in .../It doesn't make any sense./It's pointless to ... 没道理make sense/be reasonable
used to
get used to doing sth./get accustomed to doing sth.
take some getting used to 指某事要有一个适应过程
is the norm 是最普遍、最常见的做法
It's not uncommon for sb. to do sth.
is a luxury 是一种奢望
won't hurt
enable sb. to do sth.
have a hard time doing sth. 很难去做
sth. is approaching/just around the corner
•特殊的句子
1. 虚拟语气
2. 倒装句
not only/only放在句首
3. 强调句
It is ... that ...
雅思口语的段落
•Part 1 & Part 3
1. “起—承—合”结构
1）起
2）承
The first thing I should mention is ... /To begin with, ... /For starters/openers （非正式）/For one thing, ... For another, ... /... primarily because ... （首先是因为）
Also/beside ... /... plus ,,, （而且）/What's more, .../Another point I could add is .../..., too/... as well/... as well as .../In addition to that, .../In other words, .../That is to say, .../... i.e. .../By the way, ...
Most importantly, .../especially .../particularly .../in particular
3）合
All in all, .../In a nutshell（写作不宜使用）/In short, .../So it's no exaggeration to say that .../That's pretty much it./That's all I can think of now.
注意：结尾句不可说“In a word”，它后面只能跟一个单词，而不能跟一个句子。

2. “起—承—转—合”结构
1）起
2）承
同上
3）转
On the other hand, ...
In/By contrast, ...
Even so, ...
Still, ... 尽管这样
Despite that, ...
Although that's basically true, I would say ...
Otherwise, ...
4）合
Anyway, ...
Anyhow, ...
After all, ...
On the whole, I guess ...
注意：By and large, .../Generally (speaking), .../In general, ...直接陈述一个事实，比较少会放在一组句子的结尾去做总结。

•Part 2
有一个大致的顺序安排，不用太机械。

in terms of/regarding/concerning/when it comes to
and what I need to emphasize/stress/highlight here is that ...
Specifically, ...（经常用来进一步深入说明）
By the way, ...（经常用在接近描述结束的部分）
In other words, .../... that is, .../By that I mean ...
•把段落说长的其他技巧
1. “更具体地说”
Specifically, ...
In particular, ...
To be more exact/specific/precise, ...
2. 举例
For example/instance ...
like/such as ...
This is best illustrated with the example of ...
3. 转述
In other words, ...
By that I mean ...
... that is to say, ...
Part 1 (P116-P158)
Part 2 (P161-P332 & P365-P398)
Part 3 (P336-P360)
考察考生进行讨论的能力
•回答“比较区别类”问题
There are quite a few/a variety of/a couple of differences between them.
It seems to me like they are just totally different.
I would say there are a whole lot of distinctions.
The main differences I can think of now are ...
The most fundamental/significant/essential/obvious one is ...
Unlike/Compared with/ ..., ...
Also/Besides/Apart from that/By contrast/In contrast/While/Whereas/On the other hand, ...
A second difference would be ...
So, you see, they are totally different.
Those are the main differences between them.
There are other differences as well, but basically these are the main ones.
I guess that's it.
对比过去、现在、将来时要注意时态的变化。

In the past/Traditionally/Historically/In the previous centuries, ...
People used to ...
These days/Today/Now/Currently/At present, ...
In the future/In years to come/... years from now/Hopefully, ...
It's very likely that in the future ...
感觉考官要求比较的两方很相似
That's like comparing apples and oranges, but basically, ...
Actually, they have a lot in common.
Well, it seems they are very similar.
Honestly, I don't think there is much difference between them.
•回答“cause/why原因类”问题
As I see it, several factors contribute to ...
In my view, the causes of ... are complicated.
Actually, I believe more than one factor lead to this trend. There's a combination of factors.
I think a number of factors are involved here.
There could be a number of explanations.
That's due to the fact that ...
The most significant one may be ...
The chief contributing factor is ...
The most obvious one would be ...
A secondary one may be ...
A subsequent factor could be ...
As a result/consequence, ...
Consequently/Thus, ...
常用词组
to the best of my knowledge
the underlying problem is
is closely linked to
•回答“solutions/How should...类”问题
I guess that requires/calls for ...
To solve this problem, the government should ...
I guess it will take some integrated measures to solve ...
I believe a series of steps should be taken, such as ...
Things should be done step by step. The initial thing that should be done is ... Then, ... and probably most importantly, ...
This will involve a wide range of efforts, such as ...
The most effective way to tackle this problem would be ...
A number of actions should be taken.
In reaction to ..., the government should ...
The most sensible way to confront this would be ...
常用句型
..., otherwise ...
In theory/Hypothetically speaking/Theoretically, but in practice/actuality, ...
•回答“(dis)advantages类”问题
•Part 3拿分词汇（P343-P355）•Part 3常用句型（P355-P360）。