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Arduino Nano ESP32 产品参考手册说明书

Arduino Nano ESP32 产品参考手册说明书

Product Reference ManualSKU: ABX00083DescriptionThe Arduino Nano ESP32 (with and without headers) is a Nano form factor board based on the ESP32-S3 (embedded in the NORA-W106-10B from u-blox®). This is the first Arduino board to be based fully on an ESP32, and features Wi-Fi®, Bluetooth® LE, debugging via native USB in the Arduino IDE as well as low power.The Nano ESP32 is compatible with the Arduino IoT Cloud, and has support for MicroPython. It is an ideal board for getting started with IoT development.Target areas:Maker, Debugging, IoT, MicroPythonFeaturesXtensa® Dual-core 32-bit LX7 Microprocessor Up to 240 MHz384 kB ROM512 kB SRAM16 kB SRAM in RTC (low power mode)DMA ControllerPowerOperating voltage 3.3 VVUSB supplies 5 V via USB-C® connectorVIN range is 6-21 VConnectivityWi-Fi®Bluetooth® LEBuilt-in antenna2.4 GHz transmitter/receiverUp to 150 MbpsPins14x digital (21x including analog)8x analog (available in RTC mode)SPI(D11,D12,D13), I2C (A4/A5), UART(D0/D1) Communication PortsSPII2CI2SUARTCAN (TWAI®)Low Power7 μA consumption in deep sleep mode240 μA consumption in light sleep modeRTC MemoryUltra Low Power (ULP) CoprocessorPower Management Unit (PMU)ADC in RTC mode55556778888999910101011111111121212131313131314151516Contents1 The Board1.1 Application Examples 2 ESP32 Core3 Recommended Operating Conditions4 Block Diagram5 Board Topology5.1 Front View6 NORA-W106-10B (Radio Module / MCU)6.1 Xtensa® Dual-Core 32bit LX7 Microprocessor 6.2 Wi-Fi®6.3 Bluetooth®7 System7.1 Resets 7.2 Timers 7.3 Interrupts8 Serial Communication Protocols8.1 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C)8.2 Inter-IC Sound (I2S)8.3 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)8.4 Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART)8.5 Two Wire Automotive Interface (TWAI®)9 External Flash Memory 10 USB Connector 11 Power Options11.1 Power Tree 11.2 Pin Voltage 11.3 VIN Rating 11.4 VUSB11.5 Using the 3.3 V Pin 11.6 Pin Current 12 Pinout12.1 Analog (JP1)12.2 Digital (JP2)13 Mounting Holes And Board Outline161617171717174191920202014 Board Operation14.1 Getting Started - IDE14.2 Getting Started - Arduino Web Editor 14.3 Getting Started - Arduino IoT Cloud 14.4 Online Resources 14.5 Board Recovery15 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)16 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 211 01/19/202117 Conflict Minerals Declaration 18 FCC Caution19 Company Information 20 Reference Documentation 21 Change Log1 The BoardNano ESP32 is a 3.3 V development board based on the NORA-W106-10B from u-blox®, a module that includes a ESP32-S3 system on a chip (SoC). This module has support for Wi-Fi® and Bluetooth® Low Energy (LE), with amplified communication through a built-in antenna. The CPU (32-bit Xtensa® LX7) support clock frequencies at up to 240 MHz and has native support for debugging via the USB-C® connector.1.1 Application ExamplesHome automation: an ideal board for automating your home, and can be used for smart switches, automatic lighting and motor control for e.g. motor controlled blinds.IoT sensors: with several dedicated ADC channels, accessible I2C/SPI buses and a robust ESP32-S3 based radio module, this board can easily be deployed to monitor sensor values.Low power designs: create battery powered applications with low power consumption, utilising the built in low power modes of the ESP32-S3 SoC.2 ESP32 CoreThe Nano ESP32 uses the Arduino Core for ESP32 boards, a derivation of Espressif's arduino-esp32 core. Rating3 Recommended Operating ConditionsSymbol Description Min Typ Max UnitV IN Input voltage from VIN pad67.021VV USB Input voltage from USB connector 4.8 5.0 5.5VT OP Operating Temperature-402585°CFunctional Overview4 Block DiagramArduino Nano ESP32 Block Diagram5 Board Topology5.1 Front ViewTop View of Arduino Nano ESP32 Ref.DescriptionM1NORA-W106-10B (ESP32-S3 SoC)J1CX90B-16P USB-C® connectorJP11x15 analog headerJP21x15 digital headerU2MP2322GQH step down converterU3GD25B128EWIGR 128 Mbit (16 MB) ext. flash memory DL1RGB LEDDL2LED SCK (serial clock)DL3LED Power (green)D2PMEG6020AELRX Schottky DiodeD3PRTR5V0U2X,215 ESD Protection6 NORA-W106-10B (Radio Module / MCU)The Nano ESP32 features the NORA-W106-10B stand alone radio module, embedding an ESP32-S3 series SoC as well as an embedded antenna. The ESP32-S3 is based on an Xtensa® LX7 series microprocessor.6.1 Xtensa® Dual-Core 32bit LX7 MicroprocessorThe microprocessor for the ESP32-S3 SoC inside the NORA-W106 module is a dual-core 32-bit Xtensa® LX7. Each core can run at up to 240 MHz and has 512 kB SRAM memory. The LX7 features:32-bit customized instruction set128-bit data bus32-bit multiplier / dividerSupport for JTAG debuggingThe LX7 has a 384 kB ROM (Read Only Memory), and 512 kB of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory). It also features an 8 kB RTC FAST and RTC SLOW memory. These memories are designed for low-power operations, where the SLOW memory can be accessed by the ULP (Ulta Low Power) coprocessor, retaining the data in deep sleep mode.6.2 Wi-Fi®The NORA-W106-10B module supports the Wi-Fi® 4 IEEE 802.11 standards b/g/n, with an output power EIRP at up to 10 dBm. The max range for this module is 500 meters.802.11b: 11 Mbit/s802.11g: 54 Mbit/s802.11n: 72 Mbit/s max at HT-20 (20 MHz), 150 Mbit/s max at HT-40 (40 MHz)6.3 Bluetooth®The NORA-W106-10B module supports Bluetooth® LE v5.0 with an output power EIRP at up to 10 dBm and data rates up to 2 Mbps. It has the option to scan and advertise simultaneously, as well as supporting multiple connections in peripheral/central mode.7 System7.1 ResetsThe ESP32-S3 has support for four levels of reset:CPU: resets CPU0/CPU1 coreCore: resets the digital system, except for the RTC peripherals (ULP coprocessor, RTC memory).System: resets the entire digital system, including the RTC peripherals.Chip: resets the entire chip.It is possible to conduct a software reset of this board, as well as obtaining the reset reason.To do a hardware reset of the board, use the onboard reset button (PB1).7.2 TimersThe Nano ESP32 has the following timers:52-bit system timer with 2x 52-bit counters (16 MHz) and 3x comparators.4x general-purpose 54-bit timers3x watchdog timers, two in main system (MWDT0/1), one in the RTC module (RWDT).7.3 InterruptsAll GPIOs on the Nano ESP32 can be configured to be used as interrupts, and is provided by an interrupt matrix. Interrupt pins are configured on an application level, using the following configurations:LOWHIGHCHANGEFALLINGRISING8 Serial Communication ProtocolsThe ESP32-S3 chip provides flexibility for the various serial protocols it supports. For example, the I2C bus can be assigned to almost any available GPIO.8.1 Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C)Default pins:A4 - SDAA5 - SCLThe I2C bus is by default assigned to the A4/A5 (SDA/SCL) pins for retro compatibility. This pin assignment can however be changed, due to the flexibility of the ESP32-S3 chip.The SDA and SCL pins can be assigned to most GPIOs, however some of these pins may have other essential functions that prevents I2C operations to run successfully.Please note: many software libraries uses the standard pin assignment (A4/A5).8.2 Inter-IC Sound (I2S)There two I2S controllers that are typically used for communication with audio devices. There are no specific pins assigned for I2S, this can be used by any free GPIO.Using standard or TDM mode, the following lines are used:MCLK - master clockBCLK - bit clockWS - word selectDIN/DOUT - serial dataUsing PDM mode:CLK - PDM clockDIN/DOUT serial dataRead more about the I2S protocol in Espressif's Peripheral API - InterIC Sounds (I2S)8.3 Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)SCK - D13COPI - D12CIPO - D11CS - D10The SPI controller is by default assigned to the pins above.8.4 Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter (UART)D0 / TXD1 / RXThe UART controller is by default assigned to the the pins above.8.5 Two Wire Automotive Interface (TWAI®)The CAN/TWAI® controller is used to communicate with systems using the CAN/TWAI® protocol, particularly common in the automotive industry. There are no specific pins assigned for the CAN/TWAI® controller, any free GPIO can be used.Please note: TWAI® is also known as the CAN2.0B, or "CAN classic". The CAN controller is NOT compatible with CAN FD frames.9 External Flash MemoryNano ESP32 features a 128 Mbit (16 MB) external flash, the GD25B128EWIGR (U3). This memory is connected to the ESP32 via Quad Serial Peripheral Interface (QSPI).The operating frequency for this IC is 133 MHz, and has a data transfer rate at up to 664 Mbit/s.10 USB ConnectorThe Nano ESP32 has one USB-C® port, used to power and program your board as well as sending & receiving serial communication.Note that you should not power the board with more than 5 V via the USB-C® port.11 Power OptionsPower can either be supplied via the VIN pin, or via USB-C® connector. Any voltage input either via USB or VIN is stepped down to 3.3 V using the MP2322GQH (U2) converter.The operating voltage for this board is 3.3 V. Please note that there's no 5V pin available on this board, only the VBUS can provide 5 V when the board is powered via USB.11.1 Power TreeArduino Nano ESP32 power tree.11.2 Pin VoltageAll digital & analog pins on the Nano ESP32 are 3.3 V. Do not connect any higher voltage devices to any of the pins as it will risk damaging the board.11.3 VIN RatingThe recommended input voltage range is 6-21 V.You should not attempt to power the board with a voltage outside the recommended range, particularly not higher than 21 V.The efficiency of the converter depends on the input voltage via the VIN pin. See the average below for a board operation with normal current consumption:4.5 V - >90%.12 V - 85-90%18 V - <85%This information is extracted from the MP2322GQH's datasheet.11.4 VUSBThere is no 5V pin available on the Nano ESP32. 5 V can only be provided via the VUSB, which is supplied directly from the USB-C® power source.While powering the board via the VIN pin, the VUSB pin is not activated. This means you have no option of providing 5 V from the board unless powered via USB or externally.11.5 Using the 3.3 V PinThe 3.3 V pin is connected to the 3.3 V rail which is connected to the output of the MP2322GQH step down converter. This pin is primarily used to power external components.11.6 Pin CurrentThe GPIOs on the Nano ESP32 can handle source currents up to 40 mA, and sink currents up to 28 mA. Never connect devices that draw higher current directly to a GPIO.Mechanical Information12 PinoutPinout for Nano ESP32.12.1 Analog (JP1)Pin Function Type Description1SCK NC Serial Clock2+3V3Power+3V3 Power Rail3BOOT0Mode Board Reset 04A0Analog Analog input 05A1Analog Analog input 16A2Analog Analog input 27A3Analog Analog input 38A4Analog Analog input 4 / I²C Serial Datal (SDA) 9A5Analog Analog input 5 / I²C Serial Clock (SCL) 10A6Analog Analog input 611A7Analog Analog input 712VUSB Power USB power (5V)13BOOT1Mode Board Reset 114GND Power Ground15VIN Power Voltage Input12.2 Digital (JP2)Pin Function Type Description1D12 / CIPO*Digital Controller In Peripheral Out2D11 / COPI*Digital Controller Out Peripheral In3D10Digital Chip Select4D9Digital GPIO 95D8Digital GPIO 86D7Digital GPIO 77D6Digital GPIO 68D5Digital GPIO 59D4Digital GPIO 410D3Digital GPIO 311D2Digital GPIO 212GND Power Ground13RST Internal Reset14D1/RX Digital GPIO 4 / Serial 0 Receiver (RX) 15D0/TX Digital GPIO 3 / Serial 0 Transmitter (TX) *CIPO/COPI replaces the MISO/MOSI terminology.13 Mounting Holes And Board OutlineMechanical View of Nano ESP3214 Board Operation14.1 Getting Started - IDEIf you want to program your Nano ESP32 while offline you need to install the Arduino IDE [1]. To connect the Nano ESP32 to your computer, you will need a Type-C® USB cable, which can also provide power to the board, as indicated by the LED (DL1).14.2 Getting Started - Arduino Web EditorAll Arduino boards, including this one, work out-of-the-box on the Arduino Web Editor [2], by just installing a simple plugin.The Arduino Web Editor is hosted online, therefore it will always be up-to-date with the latest features and support for all boards. Follow [3] to start coding on the browser and upload your sketches onto your board.14.3 Getting Started - Arduino IoT CloudAll Arduino IoT enabled products are supported on Arduino IoT Cloud which allows you to log, graph and analyze sensor data, trigger events, and automate your home or business.14.4 Online ResourcesNow that you have gone through the basics of what you can do with the board you can explore the endless possibilities it provides by checking exciting projects on Arduino Project Hub [4], the Arduino Library Reference [5], and the online store [6]; where you will be able to complement your board with sensors, actuators and more. 14.5 Board RecoveryAll Arduino boards have a built-in bootloader which allows flashing the board via USB. In case a sketch locks up the processor and the board is not reachable anymore via USB, it is possible to enter bootloader mode by double-tapping the reset button right after the power-up.Certifications15 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)We declare under our sole responsibility that the products above are in conformity with the essential requirements of the following EU Directives and therefore qualify for free movement within markets comprising the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA).16 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 21101/19/2021Arduino boards are in compliance with RoHS 2 Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and RoHS 3 Directive 2015/863/EU of the Council of 4 June 2015 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.Substance Maximum Limit (ppm)Lead (Pb)1000Cadmium (Cd)100Mercury (Hg)1000Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+)1000Poly Brominated Biphenyls (PBB)1000Poly Brominated Diphenyl ethers (PBDE)1000Bis(2-Ethylhexyl} phthalate (DEHP)1000Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP)1000Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)1000Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)1000Exemptions : No exemptions are claimed.Arduino Boards are fully compliant with the related requirements of European Union Regulation (EC) 1907 /2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). We declare none of the SVHCs (https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table), the Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for authorization currently released by ECHA, is present in all products (and also package) in quantities totaling in a concentration equal or above 0.1%. To the best of our knowledge, we also declare that our products do not contain any of the substances listed on the "Authorization List" (Annex XIV of the REACH regulations) and Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) in any significant amounts as specified by the Annex XVII of Candidate list published by ECHA (European Chemical Agency) 1907 /2006/EC.17 Conflict Minerals DeclarationAs a global supplier of electronic and electrical components, Arduino is aware of our obligations with regards to laws and regulations regarding Conflict Minerals, specifically the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Section 1502. Arduino does not directly source or process conflict minerals such as Tin, Tantalum, Tungsten, or Gold. Conflict minerals are contained in our products in the form of solder, or as a component in metal alloys. As part of our reasonable due diligence Arduino has contacted component suppliers within our supply chain to verify their continued compliance with the regulations. Based on the information received thus far we declare that our products contain Conflict Minerals sourced from conflict-free areas.18 FCC CautionAny Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:1. This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.2. This equipment complies with RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.3. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator &your body.English: User manuals for licence-exempt radio apparatus shall contain the following or equivalent notice in a conspicuous location in the user manual or alternatively on the device or both. This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause interference(2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.French: Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes :(1) l’ appareil nedoit pas produire de brouillage(2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.IC SAR Warning:English This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator and your body.French: Lors de l’ installation et de l’ exploitation de ce dispositif, la distance entre le radiateur et le corps est d ’au moins 20 cm.Important: The operating temperature of the EUT can’t exceed 85℃ and shouldn’t be lower than -40 ℃. Hereby, Arduino S.r.l. declares that this product is in compliance with essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 201453/EU. This product is allowed to be used in all EU member states.19 Company InformationCompany name Arduino SRLCompany Address Via Andrea Appiani, 25 - 20900 MONZA Italy)20 Reference DocumentationRef LinkArduino IDE (Desktop)https:///en/Main/SoftwareArduino Web Editor(Cloud)https:///editorWeb Editor - Getting Started https:///cloud/web-editor/tutorials/getting-started/getting-started-web-editorProject Hub https:///projecthub?by=part&part_id=11332&sort=trending Library Reference https:///arduino-libraries/Online Store https:///21 Change LogDate Changes08/06/2023Release。

Arduino语法手册

Arduino语法手册

11.6 int(整型)
1ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
11.7 unsignedint(无符号整型) 11.8 word 11.9 long(长整数型) 11.10 unsigned long(无符号长整数型) 11.11 float(浮点型数) 11.12 double(双精度浮点数) 11.13 string(char array/字符串) 11.14 String object(String 类) 11.15 array (数组) 十二、数据类型转换 12.1 char() 12.2 byte() 12.3int() 12.4 word() 12.5 long() 12.6 float() 十三、变量作用域&修饰符 13.1 variable scope(变量的作用域) 13.2 static(静态变量) 13.3 volatile 13.4 const 十四、辅助工具 14.1sizeof()
8.4 ~ (bitwise not) 8.5 <<(bitshiftleft) 8.6 >> (bitshift right) 九、复合运算符 9.1++(increment) 9.2 -- (decrement) 9.3+=(compoundaddition) 9.4 -=(compoundsubtraction) 9.5 *=(compoundmultiplication) 9.6 /= (compound division) 9.6&=(compoundbitwiseand) 9.8|=(compoundbitwiseor)
2
22.1 lowByte() 22.2 highByte() 22.3 bitRead() 22.4 bitWrite() 22.5 bitSet() 22.6 bitClear() 22.7 bit() 二十三、设置中断函数 23.1 attachInterrupt() 23.2 detachInterrupt() 二十四、开关中断 24.1 interrupts()(中断) 24.2 noInterrupts()(禁止中断) 二十五、通讯 25.1 Serial 25.1.1 if(Serial) 25.1.2 Serial.available() 25.1.3 Serial.begin() 25.1.4 Serial.end() 25.1.5 Serial.find() 25.1.6 Serial.findUntil() 25.1.7 Serial.flush() 25.1.8 Serial.parseFloat() 25.1.9 Serial.parseInt() 25.1.10 Serial.peek() 25.1.11 Serial.print() 25.1.12 Serial.println() 25.1.13 Serial.read() 25.1.14 Serial.readBytes() 25.1.15 Serial.readBytesUntil() 25.1.16 Serial.setTimeout() 25.1.17 Serial.write() 25.1.18 Serial.SerialEvent() 25.2 Stream 二十六、 USB (仅适用于 Leonardo 和 Due) 26.1 Mouse(键盘) 26.2 Keyboard(鼠标)

Arduino参考手册中文版

Arduino参考手册中文版

Arduino编程参考手册if (5)if...else . (6)for (8)switch case (10)while (11)do...while. (12)break (12)continue (13)return (14)goto (15)相关语法 (16)分号 (16)大括号 (16)注释 (18)define (19)include (20)算术运算符 (21)赋值 (21)加,减,乘,除 (21)取模 (22)比较运算符 (24)if(条件) and ==, !=, <, > (比较运算符) (24)布尔运算符 (26)指针运算符 (27)位运算 (27)位与 (27)位或 (28)位异或 (30)位非 (32)左移、右移 (33)复合运算符 (35)自加++ (35)自减-- (35)复合加+= (35)复合减-= (36)复合乘*= (36)复合除/= (36)复合与&= (36)复合或|= (36)变量 (36)宏定义 (38)整型常量 (39)浮点数常量 (41)数据类型 (41)void (41)boolean (42)char (43)unsigned char (43)byte (44)int (44)unsigned int (45)word (46)long (46)unsigned long (47)float (48)double (49)string (49)String(c++) (51)array (52)数据类型转换 (54)char() (54)byte() (54)int() (54)word() (55)long() (55)float() (56)变量作用域&修饰符 (56)变量作用域 (56)static (静态变量) (57)volatile (易变变量) (59)const (不可改变变量) (61)辅助工具 (61)sizeof() (sizeof运算符) (61)ASCII码表 (63)基本函数 (64)数字I/O (64)pinMode() (64)digitalWrite() (65)digitalRead() (67)模拟I/O (68)analogReference() (68)analogRead() (68)analogWrite() (69)shiftOut() (71)pulseIn() (72)时间 (73)millis() (73)delay(ms) (73)delayMicroseconds(us) (74)数学库 (75)min() (75)max() (75)abs() (76)constrain() (76)map() (76)pow() (78)sqrt() (78)三角函数 (78)sin(),cos(),tan() (78)随机数 (78)randomSeed() (78)random() (79)位操作 (79)设置中断函数 (80)a (80)achInterrupt() (80)detachInterrupt() (82)interrupts() (82)noInterrupts() (83)串口通讯 (83)begin() (84)available() (84)read() (86)flush() (87)print() (87)println() (91)write() (91)peak() (92)serialEvent() (92)程序结构(本节直译自Arduino官网最新Reference)在Arduino中, 标准的程序入口main函数在内部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数:setup()当Arduino板起动时setup()函数会被调用。

Arduino UNO R3 产品参考指南说明书

Arduino UNO R3 产品参考指南说明书

Product Reference ManualSKU: A000066DescriptionThe Arduino UNO R3 is the perfect board to get familiar with electronics and coding. This versatile microcontroller is equipped with the well-known ATmega328P and the ATMega 16U2 Processor.This board will give you a great first experience within the world of Arduino.Target areas:Maker, introduction, industriesFeaturesATMega328P ProcessorMemoryAVR CPU at up to 16 MHz32KB Flash2KB SRAM1KB EEPROMSecurityPower On Reset (POR)Brown Out Detection (BOD)Peripherals2x 8-bit Timer/Counter with a dedicated period register and compare channels1x 16-bit Timer/Counter with a dedicated period register, input capture and compare channels1x USART with fractional baud rate generator and start-of-frame detection1x controller/peripheral Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)1x Dual mode controller/peripheral I2C1x Analog Comparator (AC) with a scalable reference inputWatchdog Timer with separate on-chip oscillatorSix PWM channelsInterrupt and wake-up on pin changeATMega16U2 Processor8-bit AVR® RISC-based microcontrollerMemory16 KB ISP Flash512B EEPROM512B SRAMdebugWIRE interface for on-chip debugging and programmingPower2.7-5.5 volts444445556677777789910101111111212131313CONTENTS1 The Board1.1 Application Examples 1.2 Related Products 2 Ratings2.1 Recommended Operating Conditions 2.2 Power Consumption 3 Functional Overview3.1 Board Topology 3.2 Processor 3.3 Power Tree 4 Board Operation4.1 Getting Started - IDE4.2 Getting Started - Arduino Web Editor 4.3 Getting Started - Arduino IoT Cloud 4.4 Sample Sketches 4.5 Online Resources 5 Connector Pinouts5.1 JANALOG 5.2 JDIGITAL5.3 Mechanical Information5.4 Board Outline & Mounting Holes 6 Certifications6.1 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)6.2 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 211 01/19/20216.3 Conflict Minerals Declaration 7 FCC Caution8 Company Information 9 Reference Documentation 10 Revision History1 The Board1.1 Application ExamplesThe UNO board is the flagship product of Arduino. Regardless if you are new to the world of electronics or will use the UNO as a tool for education purposes or industry-related tasks.First entry to electronics: If this is your first project within coding and electronics, get started with our most used and documented board; Arduino UNO. It is equipped with the well-known ATmega328P processor, 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, USB connections, ICSP header and reset button. This board includes everything you will need for a great first experience with Arduino.Industry-standard development board: Using the Arduino UNO board in industries, there are a range of companies using the UNO board as the brain for their PLC’s.Education purposes: Although the UNO board has been with us for about ten years, it is still widely used for various education purposes and scientific projects. The board's high standard and top quality performance makes it a great resource to capture real time from sensors and to trigger complex laboratory equipment to mention a few examples.1.2 Related ProductsStarter KitTinkerkit Braccio RobotExample2 Ratings2.1 Recommended Operating ConditionsSymbol Description Min Max Conservative thermal limits for the whole board:-40 °C (-40°F)85 °C ( 185°F) NOTE: In extreme temperatures, EEPROM, voltage regulator, and the crystal oscillator, might notwork as expected due to the extreme temperature conditions2.2 Power ConsumptionSymbol Description Min Typ Max Unit VINMax Maximum input voltage from VIN pad6-20V VUSBMax Maximum input voltage from USB connector- 5.5V PMax Maximum Power Consumption--xx mA 3 Functional Overview3.1 Board TopologyTop viewBoard topologyRef.Description Ref.DescriptionX1Power jack 2.1x5.5mm U1SPX1117M3-L-5 RegulatorX2USB B Connector U3ATMEGA16U2 ModulePC1EEE-1EA470WP 25V SMD Capacitor U5LMV358LIST-A.9 ICPC2EEE-1EA470WP 25V SMD Capacitor F1Chip Capacitor, High DensityD1CGRA4007-G Rectifier ICSP Pin header connector (through hole 6)J-ZU4ATMEGA328P Module ICSP1Pin header connector (through hole 6)Y1ECS-160-20-4X-DU Oscillator3.2 ProcessorThe Main Processor is a ATmega328P running at up tp 20 MHz. Most of its pins are connected to the external headers, however some are reserved for internal communication with the USB Bridge coprocessor.3.3 Power TreePower tree4 Board Operation4.1 Getting Started - IDEIf you want to program your Arduino UNO while offline you need to install the Arduino Desktop IDE [1] To connect the Arduino UNO to your computer, you’ll need a Micro-B USB cable. This also provides power to the board, as indicated by the LED.4.2 Getting Started - Arduino Web EditorAll Arduino boards, including this one, work out-of-the-box on the Arduino Web Editor [2], by just installing a simple plugin.The Arduino Web Editor is hosted online, therefore it will always be up-to-date with the latest features and support for all boards. Follow [3] to start coding on the browser and upload your sketches onto your board.4.3 Getting Started - Arduino IoT CloudAll Arduino IoT enabled products are supported on Arduino IoT Cloud which allows you to Log, graph and analyze sensor data, trigger events, and automate your home or business.4.4 Sample SketchesSample sketches for the Arduino XXX can be found either in the “Examples” menu in the Arduino IDE or in the “Documentation” section of the Arduino Pro website [4]4.5 Online ResourcesNow that you have gone through the basics of what you can do with the board you can explore the endless possibilities it provides by checking exciting projects on ProjectHub [5], the Arduino Library Reference [6] and the online store [7] where you will be able to complement your board with sensors, actuators and more5 Connector PinoutsPinout5.1 JANALOGPin Function Type Description1NC NC Not connected2IOREF IOREF Reference for digital logic V - connected to 5V 3Reset Reset Reset4+3V3Power+3V3 Power Rail5+5V Power+5V Power Rail6GND Power Ground7GND Power Ground8VIN Power Voltage Input9A0Analog/GPIO Analog input 0 /GPIO10A1Analog/GPIO Analog input 1 /GPIO11A2Analog/GPIO Analog input 2 /GPIO12A3Analog/GPIO Analog input 3 /GPIO13A4/SDA Analog input/I2C Analog input 4/I2C Data line14A5/SCL Analog input/I2C Analog input 5/I2C Clock line5.2 JDIGITALPin Function Type Description1D0Digital/GPIO Digital pin 0/GPIO2D1Digital/GPIO Digital pin 1/GPIO3D2Digital/GPIO Digital pin 2/GPIO4D3Digital/GPIO Digital pin 3/GPIO5D4Digital/GPIO Digital pin 4/GPIO6D5Digital/GPIO Digital pin 5/GPIO7D6Digital/GPIO Digital pin 6/GPIO8D7Digital/GPIO Digital pin 7/GPIO9D8Digital/GPIO Digital pin 8/GPIO10D9Digital/GPIO Digital pin 9/GPIO11SS Digital SPI Chip Select12MOSI Digital SPI1 Main Out Secondary In13MISO Digital SPI Main In Secondary Out14SCK Digital SPI serial clock output15GND Power Ground16AREF Digital Analog reference voltage17A4/SD4Digital Analog input 4/I2C Data line (duplicated)18A5/SD5Digital Analog input 5/I2C Clock line (duplicated)5.3 Mechanical Information5.4 Board Outline & Mounting HolesBoard outline6 Certifications6.1 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)We declare under our sole responsibility that the products above are in conformity with the essential requirements of the following EU Directives and therefore qualify for free movement within markets comprising the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA).ROHS 2 Directive 2011/65/EUConforms to:EN50581:2012Directive 2014/35/EU. (LVD)Conforms to:EN 60950-1:2006/A11:2009/A1:2010/A12:2011/AC:2011 Directive 2004/40/EC & 2008/46/EC & 2013/35/EU,EMFConforms to:EN 62311:20086.2 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 211 01/19/2021Arduino boards are in compliance with RoHS 2 Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and RoHS 3 Directive 2015/863/EU of the Council of 4 June 2015 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.Substance Maximum limit (ppm)Lead (Pb)1000Cadmium (Cd)100Mercury (Hg)1000Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+)1000Poly Brominated Biphenyls (PBB)1000Poly Brominated Diphenyl ethers (PBDE)1000Bis(2-Ethylhexyl} phthalate (DEHP)1000Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP)1000Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)1000Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)1000Exemptions: No exemptions are claimed.Arduino Boards are fully compliant with the related requirements of European Union Regulation (EC) 1907 /2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). We declare none of the SVHCs (https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table), the Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for authorization currently released by ECHA, is present in all products (and also package) in quantities totaling in a concentration equal or above 0.1%. To the best of our knowledge, we also declare that our products do not contain any of the substances listed on the "Authorization List" (Annex XIV of the REACH regulations) and Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) in any significant amounts as specified by the Annex XVII of Candidate list published by ECHA (European Chemical Agency) 1907 /2006/EC.6.3 Conflict Minerals DeclarationAs a global supplier of electronic and electrical components, Arduino is aware of our obligations with regards to laws and regulations regarding Conflict Minerals, specifically the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Section 1502. Arduino does not directly source or process conflict minerals such as Tin, Tantalum, Tungsten, or Gold. Conflict minerals are contained in our products in the form of solder, or as a component in metal alloys. As part of our reasonable due diligence Arduino has contacted component suppliers within our supply chain to verify their continued compliance with the regulations. Based on the information received thus far we declare that our products contain Conflict Minerals sourced from conflict-free areas.7 FCC CautionAny Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:1. This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.2. This equipment complies with RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.3. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &your body.English: User manuals for license-exempt radio apparatus shall contain the following or equivalent notice in a conspicuous location in the user manual or alternatively on the device or both. This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause interference(2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.French: Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes :(1) l’ appareil nedoit pas produire de brouillage(2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.IC SAR Warning:English This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20 cm between the radiator and your body.French: Lors de l’ installation et de l’ exploitation de ce dispositif, la distance entre le radiateur et le corps est d ’au moins 20 cm.Important: The operating temperature of the EUT can’t exceed 85℃ and shouldn’t be lower than -40℃. Hereby, Arduino S.r.l. declares that this product is in compliance with essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 2014/53/EU. This product is allowed to be used in all EU member states.8 Company InformationCompany name Arduino S.r.lCompany Address Via Andrea Appiani 25 20900 MONZA Italy9 Reference DocumentationReference LinkArduino IDE(Desktop)https:///en/Main/SoftwareArduino IDE (Cloud)https:///editorCloud IDE Getting Started https:///projecthub/Arduino_Genuino/getting-started-with-arduino-web-editor-4b3e4aArduino Pro Website https:///proProject Hub https:///projecthub?by=part&part_id=11332&sort=trending Library Reference https:///reference/en/Online Store https:///10 Revision HistoryDate Revision Changesxx/06/20211Datasheet release。

Arduino 语法手册

Arduino 语法手册

Arduino语法手册Arduino的程序可以划分为三个主要部分:结构、变量(变量与常量)、函数。

结构部分一、结构1.1setup()1.2loop()二、结构控制2.1if2.2if...else2.3for2.4switchcase2.5while2.6do...while2.7break2.8continue2.9return2.10goto三、扩展语法3.1;(分号)3.2{}(花括号)3.3//(单行注释)3.4/**/(多行注释)3.5#define3.6#include四、算数运算符4.1=(赋值运算符)4.2+(加)4.3-(减)4.4*(乘)4.5/(除)4.6%(模)五、比较运算符5.1==(等于)5.2!=(不等于)5.3<(小于)5.4>(大于)5.5<=(小于等于)5.6>=(大于等于)六、布尔运算符6.1&&(与)6.2||(或)6.3!(非)七、指针运算符7.1*取消引用运算符7.2&引用运算符八、位运算符8.1&(bitwiseand)8.2|(bitwiseor)8.3^(bitwisexor)8.4~(bitwisenot)8.5<<(bitshiftleft)8.6>>(bitshiftright)九、复合运算符9.1++(increment)9.2--(decrement)9.3+=(compoundaddition)9.4-=(compoundsubtraction)9.5*=(compoundmultiplication)9.6/=(compounddivision)9.6&=(compoundbitwiseand)9.8|=(compoundbitwiseor)变量部分十、常量10.1HIGH|LOW(引脚电压定义)10.2INPUT|OUTPUT(数字引脚(Digitalpins)定义)10.3true|false(逻辑层定义)10.4integerconstants(整数常量)10.5floatingpointconstants(浮点常量)十一、数据类型11.1void11.2boolean(布尔)11.3char(有号数据类型)11.4unsignedchar(无符号数据类型)11.5byte(无符号数)11.6int(整型)11.7unsignedint(无符号整型)11.8word11.9long(长整数型)11.10unsignedlong(无符号长整数型)11.11float(浮点型数)11.12double(双精度浮点数)11.13string(chararray/字符串)11.14Stringobject(String类)11.15array(数组)十二、数据类型转换12.1char()12.2byte()12.3int()12.4word()12.5long()12.6float()十三、变量作用域&修饰符13.1variablescope(变量的作用域)13.2static(静态变量)13.3volatile13.4const十四、辅助工具14.1sizeof()函数部分十五、数字I/O15.1pinMode()15.2digitalWrite()15.3digitalRead()十六、模拟I/O16.1analogReference()16.2analogRead()16.3analogWrite()PWM十七、高级I/O17.1tone()17.2noTone()17.3shiftOut()17.4shiftIn()17.5pulseIn()十八、时间18.1millis()18.2micros()18.3delay()18.4delayMicroseconds() 十九、数学运算19.1min()19.2max()19.3abs()19.4constrain()19.5map()19.6pow()19.7sqrt()19.8ceil()19.9exp()19.10fabs()19.11floor()19.12fma()19.13fmax()19.14fmin()19.15fmod()19.16ldexp()19.17log()19.18log10()19.19round()19.20signbit()19.21sq()19.22square()19.23trunc()二十、三角函数20.1sin()20.2cos()20.3tan()20.4acos()20.5asin()20.6atan()20.7atan2()20.8cosh()20.9degrees()20.10hypot()20.11radians()20.12sinh()20.13tanh()二十一、随机数21.1randomSeed()21.2random()二十二、位操作22.1lowByte()22.2highByte()22.3bitRead()22.4bitWrite()22.5bitSet()22.6bitClear()22.7bit()二十三、设置中断函数23.1attachInterrupt()23.2detachInterrupt()二十四、开关中断24.1interrupts()(中断)24.2noInterrupts()(禁止中断)二十五、通讯25.1Serial25.2Stream二十六、USB(仅适用于Leonardo和Due)26.1Mouse(键盘)26.2Keyboard(鼠标)结构部分一、结构1.1setup()在Arduino中程序运行时将首先调用setup()函数。

Arduino使用手册

Arduino使用手册
2、软件及硬件驱动安装
软件是绿色版本,软件解压缩后即可使用。
软件解压完成后,接下来要安装 Arduino 硬件驱动。
现将 Arduino 上的方头 USB 连接好之后,另外一端的 USB
连接好计算机任意一个 USB 接口。


奥松机器人基地
Harbin Alseon Robotics Technology Co., Ltd.
(5)analogRead(接口名称)——从指定的模拟接口读取值, Arduino 对该模拟值进行10-bit 的数字转换,这个方法将输入的 0-5电压值转换为 0到1023间的整数值。
(6)delay()——延时一段时间,delay(1000)为一秒。
(7)Serial.begin(波特率)——设置串行每秒传输数据的速率 (波特率)。在同计算机通讯时,使用下面这些值:300,1200, 2400,4800,9600,14400,19200,28800,38400,57600或 115200。你也可以在任何时候使用其它的值,比如,与0号或1 号插口通信就要求特殊的波特率。用在 setup()函数里
1、RB URF v1.1 超声波传感器...........................................36
2、Arduino 控制舵机........................................................... 39
3、MMA7260 三轴加速度计...............................................49


奥松机器人基地
Harbin Alseon Robotics Technology Co., Ltd.

Arduino参考手册中文版

Arduino参考手册中文版

宏定义 (37)整型常量 (38)浮点数常量 (40)数据类型 (41)void (41)boolean (42)char (43)unsigned char (43)byte (43)int (44)unsigned int (45)word (46)long (46)unsigned long (47)float (48)double (49)string (49)String(c++) (51)array (52)数据类型转换 (54)char() (54)byte() (54)int() (55)word() (55)long() (56)float() (56)变量作用域&修饰符 (57)变量作用域 (57)static (静态变量) (58)volatile (易变变量) (60)const (不可改变变量) (61)辅助工具 (62)sizeof() (sizeof运算符) (62)ASCII码表 (63)基本函数 (65)数字I/O (65)pinMode() (65)digitalWrite() (66)digitalRead() (67)模拟I/O (68)analogReference() (68)analogRead() (69)analogWrite() (70)shiftOut() (71)pulseIn() (72)时间 (73)millis() (73)delay(ms) (73)delayMicroseconds(us) (74)数学库 (75)min() (75)max() (76)abs() (76)constrain() (76)map() (77)pow() (78)sqrt() (78)三角函数 (78)sin(),cos(),tan() (78)随机数 (79)randomSeed() (79)random() (79)位操作 (80)设置中断函数 (81)a (81)achInterrupt() (81)detachInterrupt() (82)interrupts() (83)noInterrupts() (83)串口通讯 (84)begin() (84)available() (84)read() (87)flush() (88)print() (88)println() (92)write() (92)peak() (93)serialEvent() (93)在这两个常量中false更容易被定义。

Arduino语法手册

Arduino语法手册

18.3 delay() 18.4 delayMicroseconds() 十九、数学运算 19.1 min() 19.2 max() 19.3 abs() 19.4 constrain() 19.5 map() 19.6 pow() 19.7 sqrt() 19.8 ceil() 19.9 exp() 19.10 fabs() 19.11 floor() 19.12 fma() 19.13 fmax() 19.14 fmin() 19.15 fmod() 19.16 ldexp() 19.17 log() 19.18 log10() 19.19 round() 19.20 signbit() 19.21 sq() 19.22 square() 19.23 trunc() 二十、三角函数 20.1 sin() 20.2 cos() 20.3 tan() 20.4 acos() 20.5 asin() 20.6 atan() 20.7 atan2() 20.8 cosh() 20.9 degrees() 20.10 hypot() 20.11 radians() 20.12 sinh() 20.13 tanh() 二十一、随机数 21.1 randomSeed() 21.2 random() 二十二、位操作
也不会传送给处理器因此它们在atmega芯片上不占用体积注释的唯一作用就是使你自己理解或帮你回忆你的程序是怎么工作的或提醒她人你的程序是如何工作的小提示当测试代码的时候这能使这段代码成为注释而保留在程序中这个方法用于寻找问题代码或当编译器提示出错或错误很隐蔽时很有效也不会传送给处理器因此它们在atmega芯片上不占用体积注释的唯一作用就是使你自己理解或帮你回忆你的程序是怎么工作的或提醒她人你的程序是如何工作的小提示当测试代码的时候这能使这段代码成为注释而保留在程序中这个方法用于寻找问题代码或当资料内容仅供您学习参考如有不当或者侵权请联系改正或者删除

【参考借鉴】Arduino 语法手册.doc

【参考借鉴】Arduino 语法手册.doc

Arduino语法手册Arduino的程序可以划分为三个主要部分:结构、变量(变量与常量)、函数。

结构部分一、结构1.1setup()1.2loop()二、结构控制2.1if2.2if...else2.3for2.4switchcase2.5while2.6do...while2.7break2.8continue2.9return2.10goto三、扩展语法3.1;(分号)3.2{}(花括号)3.3//(单行注释)3.4/RR/(多行注释)3.5#define3.6#include四、算数运算符4.1=(赋值运算符)4.2+(加)4.3-(减)4.4R(乘)4.5/(除)4.6%(模)五、比较运算符5.1==(等于)5.2!=(不等于)5.3<(小于)5.4>(大于)5.5<=(小于等于)5.6>=(大于等于)六、布尔运算符6.1&&(与)6.2||(或)6.3!(非)七、指针运算符7.1R取消引用运算符7.2&引用运算符八、位运算符8.1&(bitwiseand)8.2|(bitwiseor)8.3^(bitwiseRor)8.4~(bitwisenot)8.5<<(bitshiftleft)8.6>>(bitshiftright)九、复合运算符9.1++(increment)9.2--(decrement)9.3+=(compoundaddition)9.4-=(compoundsubtraction)9.5R=(compoundmultiplication)9.6/=(compounddivision)9.6&=(compoundbitwiseand)9.8|=(compoundbitwiseor)变量部分十、常量10.1HIGH|LOW(引脚电压定义)10.2INPUT|OUTPUT(数字引脚(Digitalpins)定义)10.3true|false(逻辑层定义)10.4integerconstants(整数常量)10.5floatingpointconstants(浮点常量)十一、数据类型11.1void11.2boolean(布尔)11.3char(有号数据类型)11.4unsignedchar(无符号数据类型)11.5bRte(无符号数)11.6int(整型)11.7unsignedint(无符号整型)11.8word11.9long(长整数型)11.10unsignedlong(无符号长整数型)11.11float(浮点型数)11.12double(双精度浮点数)11.13string(chararraR/字符串)11.14Stringobject(String类)11.15arraR(数组)十二、数据类型转换12.1char()12.2bRte()12.3int()12.4word()12.5long()12.6float()十三、变量作用域&修饰符13.1variablescope(变量的作用域)13.2static(静态变量)13.3volatile13.4const十四、辅助工具14.1sizeof()函数部分十R五、数字I/O15.1pinMode()15.2digitalWrite()15.3digitalRead()十六、模拟I/O16.1analogReference()16.2analogRead()16.3analogWrite()PWM 十七、高级I/O17.1tone()17.2noTone()17.3shiftOut()17.4shiftIn()17.5pulseIn()十八、时间18.1millis()18.2micros()18.3delaR()18.4delaRMicroseconds() 十九、数学运算19.1min()19.2maR()19.3abs()19.4constrain()19.5map()19.6pow()19.7sqrt()19.8ceil()19.9eRp()19.10fabs()19.11floor()19.12fma()19.13fmaR()19.14fmin()19.15fmod()19.16ldeRp()19.17log()19.18log10()19.19round()19.20signbit()19.21sq()19.22square()19.23trunc()二十、三角函数20.1sin()20.2cos()20.3tan()20.4acos()20.5asin()20.6atan()20.7atan2()20.8cosh()20.9degrees()20.10hRpot()20.11radians()20.12sinh()20.13tanh()二十一、随机数21.1randomSeed()21.2random()二十二、位操作22.1lowBRte()22.2highBRte()22.3bitRead()22.4bitWrite()22.5bitSet()22.6bitClear()22.7bit()二十三、设置中断函数23.1attachInterrupt()23.2detachInterrupt()二十四、开关中断24.1interrupts()(中断)24.2noInterrupts()(禁止中断)二十R五、通讯25.1Serial25.1.1if(Serial)25.1.2Serial.available()25.1.3Serial.begin()25.1.4Serial.end()25.1.5Serial.find()25.1.6Serial.findUntil()25.1.7Serial.flush()25.1.8Serial.parseFloat()25.1.9Serial.parseInt()25.1.10Serial.peek()25.1.11Serial.print()25.1.12Serial.println()25.1.13Serial.read()25.1.14Serial.readBRtes()25.1.15Serial.readBRtesUntil()25.1.16Serial.setTimeout()25.1.17Serial.write()25.1.18Serial.SerialEvent()25.2Stream二十六、USB(仅适用于Leonardo和Due)26.1Mouse(键盘)26.2KeRboard(鼠标)结构部分一、结构1.1setup()在Arduino中程序运行时将首先调用setup()函数。

Arduino参考手册

Arduino参考手册

Arduino参考手册Arduino开发语言提供全部的C语言特性和C++语言的部分特性. 通过链接到AVR的libc库online~, 可以使用库中提供的函数. 具体的应用细节请参考相关文档.程序结构在Arduino中, 标准的程序入口main函数在内部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数: ∙void setup()∙void loop()setup()函数用于初始化, loop()函数用于执行. 初始化函数一般放在程序开头, 用于设置一些引脚的输出/输入模式, 初始化串口通讯等类似工作. loop()函数中的代码将被循环执行, 例如: 读入引脚状态, 设置引脚输出状态等.控制语句∙if∙if...else∙for∙switch∙while∙do...while∙break∙continue∙return∙goto相关语法∙; (分号)∙{}(大括号)∙// (单行注释)∙/* * / (多行注释)∙#define∙#include算术运算符∙= (赋值)∙+ (加)∙- (减)∙* (乘)∙/ (除)∙% (取模)比较运算符∙== (等于)∙!= (不等于)∙< (小于)∙> (大于)∙<= (小于等于)∙>= (大于等于)布尔运算符∙&& (逻辑与)∙|| (逻辑或)∙! (逻辑非)指针运算符∙* 指针运算符∙& 地址运算符位运算∙& (位与)∙| (位或)∙^ (位异或)∙~ (位非)∙<< (左移)∙>> (右移)∙端口操作复合运算符∙++ (自加)∙-- (自减)∙+= (复合加)∙-= (复合减)∙*= (复合乘)∙/= (复合除)∙&= (复合与)∙|= (复合或)变量常量∙HIGH | LOW∙INPUT | OUTPUT∙true | false∙整数常量∙浮点数常量数据类型∙void(无类型)∙boolean(布尔型)∙char(字符型)∙unsigned char(无符号字符型)∙byte(字节型)∙int(整型)∙unsigned int(无符号整型)∙long(长整型)∙unsigned long(无符号长整型)∙float(单精度)∙double(双精度)∙string(字符串)∙array(数组)数据类型转换∙char()∙byte()∙int()∙word()∙long()∙float()变量作用域&修饰符∙变量作用域∙static (静态变量)∙volatile (易变变量)∙const (不可改变变量)辅助工具∙sizeof() (sizeof运算符)∙ASCII码表基本函数数字I/O∙pinMode(pin, mode)∙digitalWrite(pin, value)∙digitalRead(pin)模拟I/O∙analogReference(type)∙analogRead(pin)∙analogWrite(pin, value) - PWM高级I/O∙shiftOut(dataPin, clockPin, bitOrder, val)∙pulseIn(pin, state, timeout)时间∙millis()∙delay(ms)∙delayMicroseconds(us)数学库∙min(x, y)∙max(x, y)∙abs(x)∙constrain(x, a, b)∙map(x, in_min, in_max, out_min, out_max)∙pow(base, exponent)∙sqrt(x)三角函数∙sin(rad)∙cos(rad)∙tan(rad)随机数∙randomSeed(seed)∙random(howbig)∙random(howsmall, howbig)位操作∙lowByte()∙highByte()∙bitRead()∙bitWrite()∙bitSet()∙bitClear()∙bit()设置中断函数∙attachInterrupt(interrupt, function, mode)∙detachInterrupt(interrupt)开关中断∙interrupts()∙noInterrupts()串口通讯∙Serial.begin(speed)∙Serial.available()∙Serial.read()∙Serial.flush()∙Serial.print(data)∙Serial.println(data)扩展库如果要使用一些已有的库, 可以选择菜单"Sketch->Import Library", 然后选择相应的库. Sketch工具会自己在代码的开头包含库的头文件(#include).在引入库之后, 程序的体积也将会增大(因为包含了库的代码). 对于不是必要的库, 直接删除对应的#include语句就可以了.官方扩展库以下是Arduino官方提供的扩展库, 被默认包含在开发工具中.∙EEPROM - 读写EEPROM存储区.∙Ethernet - 以太网支持.∙Firmata - 基于串口的通讯协议.∙LiquidCrystal - LCD液晶显示.∙Servo - 伺服电机.∙SoftwareSerial - 软件实现的串口, 可以选择任意引脚.∙Stepper - 步进电机.∙Wire - I2C协议支持.∙Matrix - LED显示阵列控制.∙Sprite - LED显示阵列中子块控制.第三方扩展库这里只包含了Roboduino扩展板的相关库, 其他的库信息请访问: Arduino在线文档online~.Roboduino扩展板:∙RoboduinoMotor - Roboduino电机扩展板驱动.如果需要设计自己的库, 请参考"arduino\hardware\libraries"目录中相关库的代码.====================================================================== ======================================================================Arduino语言注解wxxmickey 发表于- 2008-11-23 18:59:00Arduino语言是建立在C/C++基础上的,其实也就是基础的C语言,Arduino语言只不过把AVR单片机(微控制器)相关的一些参数设置都函数化,不用我们去了解他的底层,让我们不了解A VR单片机(微控制器)的朋友也能轻松上手。

Arduino编程参考手册中文版

Arduino编程参考手册中文版

Arduino编程参考手册首页程序结构setup()loop()控制结构ifif...elseforswitch case whiledo...whilebreakcontinuereturngoto相关语法; 分号{ 大括号// 单行注释/**/ 多行注释#define 宏定义#include 文件包含算术运算符= 赋值+ (加)- (减)* (乘)/ (除)% (取模)比较运算符== 等于!= (不等于)< (小于)> (大于)<= (小于等于)>= (大于等于)布尔运算符&& (逻辑与)|| (逻辑或) ! (逻辑非)指针运算符* 指针运算符& 地址运算符位运算& (位与)| (位或)^ (位异或)~ (位非)<< (左移)>> (右移)复合运算符++ (自加)-- (自减)+= (复合加)-= (复合减)*= (复合乘)/= (复合除)&= (复合与)|= (复合或)围HIGH | LOWINPUT | OUTPUTtrue | false整型常量浮点数常量数据类型voidbooleancharunsigned charbyteintunsigned intwordlongunsigned longfloatdoublestringString(c++)array数据类型转换char()byte()int()word()long()float()变量作用域变量作用域static (静态变量)volatile (易变变量)const (不可改变变量)辅助工具sizeof() (sizeof运算符)ASCII码表数字I/OpinMode()digitalWrite()digitalRead()模拟I/OanalogReference()analogRead()analogWrite()指高级I/OshiftOut()pulseIn()时间millis()delay(ms)delayMicroseconds(us)数学库min()max()abs()constrain()map()pow()sqrt()三角函数sin(rad)cos(rad)tan(rad)随机数randomSeed() random() random()位操作lowByte()highByte()bitRead()bitWrite()bitSet()bitClear()bit()设置中断函数attachInterrupt()detachInterrupt()interrupts()noInterrupts()串口通讯begin()available()read()flushprint()println()write()peak()serialEvent()程序结构(本节直译自Arduino官网最新Reference)在Arduino中, 标准的程序入口main函数在部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数:setup()当Arduino板起动时setup()函数会被调用。

Arduino编程参考手册中文版

Arduino编程参考手册中文版

Arduino 编程参考手册程序结构........................................................................................................................................... 4 控制语句................................................................................................................................... 5 if ........................................................................................................................................ 5 if...else ............................................................................................................................... 6 for ...................................................................................................................................... 8 switch case ...................................................................................................................... 10 while ................................................................................................................................ 11 do...while ......................................................................................................................... 12 break ................................................................................................................................ 12 continue ........................................................................................................................... 13 return ............................................................................................................................... 14 goto ................................................................................................................................. 15 相关语法................................................................................................................................. 16 分号................................................................................................................................. 16 大括号............................................................................................................................. 16 注释................................................................................................................................. 18 define............................................................................................................................... 19 include ............................................................................................................................. 20 算术运算符............................................................................................................................. 21 赋值................................................................................................................................. 21 加,减,乘,除............................................................................................................. 21 取模................................................................................................................................. 22 比较运算符............................................................................................................................. 24 if(条件) and ==, !=, <, > (比较运算符) .......................................................................... 24 布尔运算符............................................................................................................................. 26 指针运算符............................................................................................................................. 27 位运算..................................................................................................................................... 27 位与................................................................................................................................. 27 位或................................................................................................................................. 28 位异或............................................................................................................................. 30 位非................................................................................................................................. 32 左移、右移..................................................................................................................... 33 复合运算符............................................................................................................................. 35 自加++ ............................................................................................................................ 35 自减-- .............................................................................................................................. 35 复合加+= ........................................................................................................................ 35 复合减-= ......................................................................................................................... 36 复合乘*= ........................................................................................................................ 36 复合除/= ......................................................................................................................... 36 复合与&= ....................................................................................................................... 36 复合或|=.......................................................................................................................... 36 变量 ................................................................................................................................................ 36常量......................................................................................................................................... 36 宏定义............................................................................................................................. 37 整型常量......................................................................................................................... 38 浮点数常量..................................................................................................................... 40 数据类型................................................................................................................................. 41 void ................................................................................................................................. 41 boolean ............................................................................................................................ 41 char .................................................................................................................................. 43 unsigned char .................................................................................................................. 43 byte .................................................................................................................................. 43 int .................................................................................................................................... 44 unsigned int ..................................................................................................................... 45 word ................................................................................................................................ 46 long ................................................................................................................................. 46 unsigned long .................................................................................................................. 46 float ................................................................................................................................. 48 double .............................................................................................................................. 49 string ............................................................................................................................... 49 String(c++) ...................................................................................................................... 51 array ................................................................................................................................ 52 数据类型转换......................................................................................................................... 53 char() ............................................................................................................................... 53 byte() ............................................................................................................................... 54 int() .................................................................................................................................. 54 word() .............................................................................................................................. 55 long() ............................................................................................................................... 55 float()............................................................................................................................... 56 变量作用域&修饰符.............................................................................................................. 56 变量作用域..................................................................................................................... 56 static (静态变量)............................................................................................................. 57 volatile (易变变量) ......................................................................................................... 59 const (不可改变变量)..................................................................................................... 60 辅助工具................................................................................................................................. 61 sizeof() (sizeof 运算符) .................................................................................................. 61 ASCII 码表 ..................................................................................................................... 62 基本函数......................................................................................................................................... 64 数字 I/O .................................................................................................................................. 64 pinMode()........................................................................................................................ 64 digitalWrite() ................................................................................................................... 65 digitalRead().................................................................................................................... 66 模拟 I/O .................................................................................................................................. 68 analogReference() ........................................................................................................... 68 analogRead() ................................................................................................................... 68 analogWrite() .................................................................................................................. 69高级 I/O .................................................................................................................................. 70 shiftOut() ......................................................................................................................... 70 pulseIn() .......................................................................................................................... 71 时间......................................................................................................................................... 72 millis() ............................................................................................................................. 72 delay(ms) ......................................................................................................................... 73 delayMicroseconds(us) ................................................................................................... 74 数学库..................................................................................................................................... 75 min() ................................................................................................................................ 75 max() ............................................................................................................................... 75 abs()................................................................................................................................. 75 constrain() ....................................................................................................................... 75 map() ............................................................................................................................... 76 pow() ............................................................................................................................... 77 sqrt() ................................................................................................................................ 77 三角函数................................................................................................................................. 78 sin(),cos(),tan() ................................................................................................................ 78 随机数..................................................................................................................................... 78 randomSeed() .................................................................................................................. 78 random() .......................................................................................................................... 78 位操作..................................................................................................................................... 79 设置中断函数......................................................................................................................... 80 a ....................................................................................................................................... 80 achInterrupt() .................................................................................................................. 80 detachInterrupt().............................................................................................................. 82 interrupts() ....................................................................................................................... 82 noInterrupts() .................................................................................................................. 83 串口通讯................................................................................................................................. 83 begin() ............................................................................................................................. 83 available()........................................................................................................................ 84 read() ............................................................................................................................... 86 flush() .............................................................................................................................. 87 print() .............................................................................................................................. 87 println() ........................................................................................................................... 91 write() .............................................................................................................................. 91 peak() .............................................................................................................................. 92 serialEvent() .................................................................................................................... 92程序结构(本节直译自 Arduino 官网最新 Reference)在 Arduino 中, 标准的程序入口 main 函数在内部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数:setup()当 Arduino 板起动时 setup()函数会被调用。

Arduino_Mega_2560使用手册(2021年整理精品文档)

Arduino_Mega_2560使用手册(2021年整理精品文档)

Arduino_Mega_2560使用手册编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(Arduino_Mega_2560使用手册)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为Arduino_Mega_2560使用手册的全部内容。

来源:http:/// Arduino Mega2560简介Arduino Mega2560也是采用USB接口的核心电路板,它最大的特点就是具有多达54路数字输入输出,特别适合需要大量IO接口的设计。

Mega2560的处理器核心是ATmega2560,同时具有54路数字输入/输出口(其中16路可作为PWM输出),16路模拟输入,4路UART接口,一个16MHz晶体振荡器,一个USB口,一个电源插座,一个ICSP header和一个复位按钮。

Arduino Mega2560也能兼容为Arduino UNO设计的扩展板。

Arduino Mega2560已经发布到第三版,与前两版相比有以下新的特点:在AREF处增加了两个管脚SDA和SCL,支持I2C接口;增加IOREF和一个预留管脚,将来扩展板将能兼容5V和3。

3V核心板。

改进了复位电路设计。

USB接口芯片由ATmega16U2替代了ATmega8U2。

概要▪处理器 ATmega2560▪工作电压 5V▪输入电压(推荐) 7-12V▪输入电压(范围) 6—20V▪数字IO脚 54 (其中16路作为PWM输出)▪模拟输入脚 16▪IO脚直流电流 40 mA▪ 3.3V脚直流电流 50 mA▪Flash Memory 256 KB (ATmega328,其中8 KB 用于 bootloader)▪SRAM 8 KB▪EEPROM 4 KB▪工作时钟 16 MHz电路图和PCB▪电路图http:///en/uploads/Main/arduino—mega2560-schematic。

arduino进阶套件V2.0用户手册

arduino进阶套件V2.0用户手册

版权声明YFROBOT团队(以下简称YFROBOT)对该手册保留一切权力,非经YFROBOT授权同意(书面形式),任何单位及个人不得擅自摘录本手册部分及全部内容用于商业用途,违者将追究其法律责任。

用户可以在互联网上分享传播,以方便更多人,但必须保证手册的完整性。

前言2013年5月,YFROBOT工作室对原有的Arduino入门套件进行了更新升级,推出了Arduino 进阶套件。

这份《Arduino入门与提高》是升级套件推出的第一版使用手册,它存在的目的:让不懂Arduino的用户更快的上手,让入门的用户有更多玩的。

希望大家掌握基础知识后,能够更快的投入到实际应用中去,去做一些小项目,而不是一直停留在做小实验,搭线这些初级体力劳动上。

《Arduino入门与提高》手册里每一篇实验都图文并茂,所用到的器件及实验插图均为实物拍摄,每一个程序同样都经过严格的实验认证,并努力做到详细。

对于刚入门的初阶用户而言,我们推荐您从头开始,从最简单的实验开始,循序渐进,才能有所提高。

不能说觉得液晶好玩,一开始就去做液晶显示的实验,这样往往都不会成功,因为液晶的实验我们可能用到外部的扩展库,如果前面的章节你不去了解,就会增加困惑,间接的也浪费了时间。

我们要抱着学习的心态,即使是再简单的实验也不放过,并能够做到举一反三进行扩展,这样才更容易学到知识。

对于一些来源于网络或者其他渠道的资料,我们有义务保证资料正确详尽,并进行实验认证。

限于篇幅无法概全的内容,我们也都会注明出处,有兴趣的用户可以深入了解。

《Arduino入门与提高》手册的编写凝聚了YFROBOT工程师大量的心血,因此仅作为进阶套件的使用说明书,您可以随意在网上传播,但必须手册的完整性,本手册严禁用于商业用途。

对于商用的行为,表示强烈的鄙视,并保留追究法律责任的权利。

YFROBOT团队2013年5月v1.0版ARDUINO官方网址:YFROBOT论坛地址:更新说明修订版本升级内容V1.02013.051、初始版本V1.1 2013.08 1、增加实验平台2、增加点阵显示单元3、修正部分插图BUGV1.2 2013.12 1、1602LCD液晶升级IIC 1602 LCD 液晶2、半幅面包板(400孔)升级MB102 大面包板(830孔)3、双倍面积实验平台4、增加6节电池盒5、新增电阻收纳盒(3个)6、新增触控开关模块7、修正手册内容V1.3 2014.07 1、增加蓝牙无线传输模块2、增加液晶显示线序定义标签V2.0 2014.09 增加74HC164集成芯片增加DS1302时钟显示增加直流电机及风扇增加U型光电开关增加红外发射管对包装盒进行全面升级一、Arduino UNO介绍1.简介A rduino是一个开源电子成型平台基于灵活、易于使用的硬件和软件。

Arduino Braccio Carrier 产品参考手册说明书

Arduino Braccio Carrier 产品参考手册说明书

Product Reference ManualSKU: ABX00032DescriptionArduino® Braccio Carrier is an add-on board that sits on top of your favorite Arduino Educational existing product line providing faster prototyping in increasing demands for robotics and automation. The tailor-made Arduino®Braccio Carrier has a collection of features that enables quick and easy learning while building small projects. Target AreasRobotics, Automation, Education, Gaming, CommunicationFeaturesMaxLinear SP335 TransceiverMultiprotocol transceiver supporting RS-232, RS-485, and RS-422 serial standards Data rates of 20 Mbps in RS-485/422 modes and up to 1Mbps in RS-232±15kV ESD protectionSupply voltage from 3V to 5.5VDisplay ConnectorFlexible flat cable and flexible printed circuit connector with 0.5mm spacingOperating temperature up to 105°CMax current for one contact is 0.5ARobust, reliable and easy to operate for automatic mounting and SMT processesRight angle mountingPlastic tape packagingMini Joystick ConnectorProgrammable USB Type-C ConnectorESD Protection4- and 5-line unidirectional transil function for electrostatic discharge protectionLow-leakage current: < 500 nAPCB Area: < 2.6 mm244445566667891010101010101212121331515161616Contents1 The Board1.1 Application Examples 1.2 Related Products2 Technical Specification Overview2.1 Peripherals2.2 Connectors & I/O Port 3 Ratings3.1 Recommended Operating Conditions 4 Functional Overview4.1 Block Diagram 4.2 Board Topology 4.3 Processor 4.4 Power Tree 5 Board Operation5.1 Getting Started - IDE 5.2 Sample Sketches 5.3 Online Resources 5.4 Board Recovery 6 Connector Pinouts 7 Mechanical Information7.1 Board Outline 7.2 Board Mount Holes8 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)9 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 211 01/19/202110 Conflict Minerals Declaration 11 FCC Caution12 Company Information 13 Reference Documentation 14 Revision History1 The BoardThe custom-made Arduino® Braccio Carrier provides a wide range of connectivity capabilities to the Arduino®Educational boards. For easy to learn and play around prototyping robotic and smart automation projects in and out of classrooms, Arduino® Braccio Carrier features interfaces for display, servo motors and joystick. Along with high-speed RS-485/422 and RS-232 serial communication, the carrier board offers huge support for several accessories through the IO headers. In situations of long-range operations, RS-485 can support several devices on the same bus in a noisy environment. The board has robust electrostatic discharge protection circuitry to keep the components safe.1.1 Application ExamplesSmart Automation: The industry-standard RS-232 and RS-485/422 serial communication support forArduino® Braccio Carrier has made it possible to implement smart automation IoT projects for a wide range of projects. The low-power carrier board enables students to take advantage of the onboard connectors and play with the Arduino® hardware for the enhanced learning experienceRobotic Arm: Through servo motor connector supporting up to a total of 6 motors has given a chance to demonstrate robotic application including RC Car. Some of the most interesting robotic applications with faster prototyping come from the student community for various problem statements.Gaming: Thanks to the Mini Joystick connector provided on the Arduino® Braccio Carrier carrier board which facilitates the implementation of LCD gaming options. Interfacing Mini Joystick with the carrier boardintegrated with a powerful Arduino® board can deliver some really exciting projects.1.2 Related ProductsArduino® Nano RP2040 Connect.2 Technical Specification OverviewFollowing information outlines the technical overview of the Arduino® Braccio Carrier.2.1 PeripheralsJAX133T-IF05Display module to allow Braccio ++ to deploy visual information. The module is based on 240RGBX240 Dot-Matrix TFT LCD via FPC interface. It is possible to interconnect via Display Connector J1 found onArduino® Braccio Carrier.Compatible ConnectorJ1 (Display CONN)Switronic IT-1501-GJoystick module to allow Braccio ++ manoeuvre. It is possible to interconnect via J3 & J4 Board Connector found on Arduino® Braccio Carrier.Compatible ConnectorJ3 & J4 Board CONN2.2 Connectors & I/O PortDisplay Connector J1Connector available to interface the JAX133T-IF05 display module.Connector Ref.Maximum Electrical Operating Range Maximum Temperature Operating Range J10.5A per Contact105°CJ3 & J4 Board ConnectorBoard splitter which allows to interface display and joystick at a distance, from which all the motor wire interfaces arrive.Molex 44914-0601Rectangular power connector with 6 contacts. Available for external power supply and for servo line.No. Connectors Maximum Electrical Operating Range Maximum Temperature Operating Range 2*********-40°C ~ +105°CAdam Equipment LHA-04-TSConnectors available to interface with motors. RS485 smart motors compatible, derived by configuration of 4x SR418D and 2x SR312 models. Lead free and RoHS Compliant.No. Connectors Maximum Electrical Operating Range Maximum Temperature Operating Range 6250VAC @ 3A-25°C ~ +85°CUSB-C PortUSB 3.1 port available to enable program upload, and power supply source port for Arduino® BraccioCarrier.USB Version USB Type PurposeUSB Version USB Type Purpose3.1C-Type (Reversible)Program Upload & Power SupplyESLOV ConnectorThe connector provides the capability of module's automatic configuration and handle the sleep state for low power mode. Connector is designated with J2 reference, providing 5 pins for interrupt and I2Cprotocol at 5V.Connector Ref.Operating Voltage Line FeatureJ25V I2C Protocol + Interrupt3 Ratings3.1 Recommended Operating ConditionsDescription Min Max Conservative thermal limits for the whole board:-40 °C85 °C 4 Functional Overview4.1 Block DiagramArduino Braccio Carrier System Block DiagramThe USB powers the Arduino® Nano RP2040 Connect which is the heart of the Braccio Carrier as it stores the programs responsible for the functioning of the whole system. The Nano is connected to the joystick which is theinput peripheral and LED display screen which is the output peripheral of the microcontroller. Another power supply via USB-C powers the connected motors which constitute the entire robotics functionality the system. RS485 Transceiver signals the motor connector for the precise motihe motors according to the input given by the user.Arduino® Braccio Carrier Block Diagram4.2 Board TopologyP B 2U1U3U4J 1J2PB1J 4J 3J 8Arduino® Braccio Carrier Top ViewRef.Description Ref.Description PB1Pushbutton SMD PB2Mini Joystick U124 Bit I2C SMBUS I/O U4Line Transceiver J1CONN FPC SMD J2CONN JST 5 POS J3Board ConnectorJ4Board Connector U3Power Supply Support CircuitJ8USB 3.1 Type C4.3 ProcessorPrimary processor of Arduino® Braccio Carrier is the processor of the Arduino® Nano RP2040 Connectmicrocontroller mounted on it. The microcontroller controls every operation of the Braccio Carrier for the target applications via connections with motors and LED display screen.4.4 Power TreeBraccio Carrier Power Tree5 Board Operation5.1 Getting Started - IDEIf you want to program your Arduino® Braccio Carrier while offline you need to install the Arduino® Desktop IDE [1] To connect the Arduino® Braccio Carrier to your computer, you’ll need a Type-B USB cable. This also provides power to the board, as indicated by the LED.5.2 Sample SketchesSample sketches for the Arduino® Braccio Carrier can be found either in the “Examples” menu in the Arduino® IDE 5.3 Online ResourcesNow that you have gone through the basics of what you can do with the board you can explore the endless possibilities it provides by checking exciting projects on Project Hub [2], the Arduino® Library Reference [3] and the online store [4] where you will be able to complement your board with sensors, actuators and more.5.4 Board RecoveryAll Arduino® boards have a built-in bootloader which allows flashing the board via USB. In case a sketch locks up the processor and the board is not reachable anymore via USB it is possible to enter bootloader mode by double-tapping the reset button right after power up.6 Connector PinoutsBraccio Carrier Pinout7 Mechanical Information7.1 Board Outline24.00mm10.00m m58.50m m78.50m m122.00mm Outline7.2 Board Mount HolesØ3.20mm3.30mm 3.30mm19.00mm23.75mmØ2.00mm24.70m m20.90mm 28.50m m35.50mm11.00mmMount HolesCertifications8 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU)We declare under our sole responsibility that the products above are in conformity with the essential requirements of the following EU Directives and therefore qualify for free movement within markets comprising the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA).9 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 21101/19/2021Arduino® boards are in compliance with RoHS 2 Directive 2011/65/EU of the European Parliament and RoHS 3 Directive 2015/863/EU of the Council of 4 June 2015 on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.Substance Maximum Limit (ppm)Lead (Pb)1000Cadmium (Cd)100Mercury (Hg)1000Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+)1000Poly Brominated Biphenyls (PBB)1000Poly Brominated Diphenyl ethers (PBDE)1000Bis(2-Ethylhexyl} phthalate (DEHP)1000Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP)1000Dibutyl phthalate (DBP)1000Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)1000Exemptions : No exemptions are claimed.Arduino® Boards are fully compliant with the related requirements of European Union Regulation (EC) 1907 /2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). We declare none of the SVHCs (https://echa.europa.eu/web/guest/candidate-list-table), the Candidate List of Substances of Very High Concern for authorization currently released by ECHA, is present in all products (and also package) in quantities totaling in a concentration equal or above 0.1%. To the best of our knowledge, we also declare that our products do not contain any of the substances listed on the "Authorization List" (Annex XIV of the REACH regulations) and Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) in any significant amounts as specified by the Annex XVII of Candidate list published by ECHA (European Chemical Agency) 1907 /2006/EC.10 Conflict Minerals DeclarationAs a global supplier of electronic and electrical components, Arduino® is aware of our obligations with regards to laws and regulations regarding Conflict Minerals, specifically the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Section 1502. Arduino® does not directly source or process conflict minerals such as Tin, Tantalum, Tungsten, or Gold. Conflict minerals are contained in our products in the form of solder, or as a component in metal alloys. As part of our reasonable due diligence Arduino® has contacted component suppliers within our supply chain to verify their continued compliance with the regulations. Based on the information received thus far we declare that our products contain Conflict Minerals sourced from conflict-free areas.11 FCC CautionAny Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment.This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) This device may not cause harmful interference(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement:1. This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.2. This equipment complies with RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment.3. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator &your body.English: User manuals for license-exempt radio apparatus shall contain the following or equivalent notice in a conspicuous location in the user manual or alternatively on the device or both. This device complies with Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions:(1) this device may not cause interference(2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device.French: Le présent appareil est conforme aux CNR d’Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L’exploitation est autorisée aux deux conditions suivantes :(1) l’ appareil nedoit pas produire de brouillage(2) l’utilisateur de l’appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioélectrique subi, même si le brouillage est susceptible d’en compromettre le fonctionnement.IC SAR Warning:English This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20 cm between the radiator and your body.French Lors de l’ installation et de l’ exploitation de ce dispositif, la distance entre le radiateur et le corps est d ’au moins 20 cm.Important: The operating temperature of the EUT can’t exceed 85℃ and shouldn’t be lower than -40℃. Hereby, Arduino S.r.l. declares that this product is in compliance with essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 201453/EU. This product is allowed to be used in all EU member states.Frequency bands Maximum output power (ERP)2400-2483.5 Mhz17 dBm12 Company InformationCompany name Arduino SRLCompany Address Via Andrea Appiani 25 - 20900 Monza (MB), Italy13 Reference DocumentationRef LinkArduino IDE (Desktop)https:///en/Main/SoftwareProject Hub https:///projecthub?by=part&part_id=11332&sort=trending Library Reference https:///reference/en/libraries/Online Store https:///14 Revision HistoryDate Revision Changes23/03/20221First Release。

(最新整理)Arduino参考手册中文版

(最新整理)Arduino参考手册中文版

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Arduino编程参考手册程序结构 (7)控制语句 (8)if (8)if。

..else (9)for (10)switch case (12)while (14)do。

while (14)break (15)continue (15)return (16)goto (17)相关语法 (18)分号 (18)大括号 (18)注释 (20)define (21)include (22)算术运算符 (23)赋值 (23)加,减,乘,除 (23)取模 (24)if(条件) and ==, !=, <,〉(比较运算符) (26)布尔运算符 (27)指针运算符 (29)位运算 (29)位与 (29)位或 (30)位异或 (32)位非 (33)左移、右移 (34)复合运算符 (36)自加++ (36)自减—— (36)复合加+= (37)复合减—= (37)复合乘*= (37)复合除/= (37)复合与&= (37)复合或|= (37)变量 (37)常量 (37)宏定义 (38)整型常量 (39)浮点数常量 (41)void (42)boolean (42)char (43)unsigned char (44)byte (44)int (44)unsigned int (46)word (46)long (47)unsigned long (47)float (48)double (49)string (49)String(c++) (51)array (52)数据类型转换 (54)char() (54)byte() (54)int() (54)word() (55)long() (55)float() (56)变量作用域&修饰符 (56)变量作用域 (56)static (静态变量) (57)volatile (易变变量) (59)const (不可改变变量) (60)辅助工具 (61)sizeof()(sizeof运算符) (61)ASCII码表 (62)基本函数 (63)数字I/O (64)pinMode() (64)digitalWrite() (65)digitalRead() (66)模拟I/O (67)analogReference() (67)analogRead() (67)analogWrite() (68)高级I/O (69)shiftOut() (69)pulseIn() (70)时间 (71)millis() (71)delay(ms) (72)delayMicroseconds(us) (73)数学库 (73)max() (74)abs() (74)constrain() (74)map() (75)pow() (76)sqrt() (76)三角函数 (76)sin(),cos(),tan() (76)随机数 (77)randomSeed() (77)random() (77)位操作 (78)设置中断函数 (79)a (79)achInterrupt() (79)detachInterrupt() (80)interrupts() (80)noInterrupts() (81)串口通讯 (82)begin() (82)available() (82)read() (84)flush() (85)println() (89)write() (89)peak() (90)serialEvent() (90)程序结构(本节直译自Arduino官网最新Reference)在Arduino中,标准的程序入口main函数在内部被定义, 用户只需要关心以下两个函数:setup()当Arduino板起动时setup()函数会被调用。

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复合运算符
++ (increment) 自加 -- (decrement)自减 += (compound addition)复合加 -= (compound subtraction) *= (compound multiplication) /= (compound division) &= (compound bitwise and) |= (compound bitwise or)
当读取(read)或写入(write)数字引脚时只有两个可能的值: HIGH 和 LOW 。 HIGH HIGH(参考引脚)的含义取决于引脚(pin)的设置,引脚定义为 INPUT 或 OUTPUT 时含义有所
不同。当一个引脚通过 pinMode 被设置为 INPUT,并通过 digitalRead 读取(read)时。如果当前 引脚的电压大于等于 3V,微控制器将会返回为 HIGH。引脚也可以通过 pinMode 被设置为 INPUT,并 通过 digitalWrite 设置为 HIGH。输入引脚的值将被一个内在的 20K 上拉电阻 控制 在 HIGH 上,除 非一个外部电路将其拉低到 LOW。当一个引脚通过 pinMode 被设置为 OUTPUT,并 digitalWrite 设置 为 HIGH 时,引脚的电压应在 5V。在这种状态下,它可以 输出电流 。例如,点亮一个通过一串电 阻接地或设置为 LOW 的 OUTPUT 属性引脚的 LED。
文本字符串可以有两种表现形式。你可以使用字符串数据类型(这是 0019 版本的核心部分), 或者你可以做一个字符串,由 char 类型的数组和空终止字符('\0')构成。而字符串对象(String object)将让你拥有更多的功能,同时也消耗更多的内存资源。 String-object
String 类,是 0019 版的核心的一部分,允许你实现比运用字符数组更复杂的文字操作。你可 以连接字符串,增加字符串,寻找和替换子字符串以及其他操作。它比使用一个简单的字符数组需 要更多的内存,但它更方便。
一个字节存储 8 位无符号数,从 0 到 255。 int
整数是基本数据类型,占用 2 字节。整数的范围为-32,768 到 32,767( -2^15 ~(2^15)-1)。 整数类型使用 2 的补码方式存储负数。最高位通常为符号位,表示数的正负。其余位被“取反加 1”。 Arduino 为您处理负数计算问题,所以数学计算对您是透明的(术语:实际存在,但不可操 作。相当于“黑盒”)。但是,当处理右移位运算符(»)时,可能有未预期的编译过程 word(字符)
下面的方法都可以用来创建(声明)数组。 myInts [6]; myPins [] = {2,4,8,3,6}; mySensVals [6] = {2,4,-8,3,2}; char message[6] = "hello"; 你声明一个未初始化数组,例如 myPins。 在 myPins 中,我们声明了一个没有明确大小的数组。编译器将会计算元素的大小,并创建一个 适当大小的数组。 当然,你也可以初始化数组的大小,例如在 mySensVals 中。请注意,当声明一个 char 类型的 数组时,你初始化的大小必须大于元素的个数,以容纳所需的空字符。 访问数组 数组是从零开始索引的,也就说,上面所提到的数组初始化,数组第一个元素是为索引 0,因 此: mySensVals [0] == 2,mySensVals [1] == 4, 依此类推 。 这也意味着,在包含十个元素的数组中,索引九是最后一个元素。因此, int myArray[10] = {9,3,2,4,3,2,7,8,9,11}; // myArray[9]的数值为 11 // myArray[10],该索引是无效的,它将会是任意的随机信息(内存地址)
LOW LOW 的含义同样取决于引脚设置,引脚定义为 INPUT 或 OUTPUT 时含义有所不同。当一个引脚通
过 pinMode 配置为 INPUT,通过 digitalRead 设置为读取(read)时,如果当前引脚的电压小于等 于 2V,微控制器将返回为 LOW。当一个引脚通过 pinMode 配置为 OUTPUT,并通过 digitalWrite 设 置为 LOW 时,引脚为 0V。在这种状态下,它可以 倒灌 电流。例如,点亮一个通过串联电阻连接到 +5V,或到另一个引脚配置为 OUTPUT、HIGH 的的 LED。 数字引脚(Digital pins)定义,INPUT 和 OUTPUT
2
它们利于给 LED 供电,而不是读取传感器。输出(OUTPUT)引脚被短路的接地或 5V 电路上会受到损 坏甚至烧毁。Atmega 引脚在为继电器或电机供电时,由于电流不足,将需要一些外接电路来实现供 电。
2. 数据类型 void
void 只用在函数声明中。它表示该函数将不会被返回任何数据到它被调用的函数中。 布尔
数字引脚当作 INPUT 或 OUTPUT 都可以 。用 pinMode()方法使一个数字引脚从 INPUT 到 OUTPUT 变化。 引脚(Pins)配置为输入(Inputs)
Arduino(Atmega)引脚通过 pinMode()配置为 输入(INPUT) 即是将其配置在一个高阻抗的 状态。配置为 INPUT 的引脚可以理解为引脚取样时对电路有极小的需求,即等效于在引脚前串联一 个 100 兆欧姆(Megohms)的电阻。这使得它们非常利于读取传感器,而不是为 LED 供电。 引脚(Pins)配置为输出(Outputs)
布尔运算符 && (与) || (或) ! (非)
指针运算符 *取消引用运算符 &引用运算符
位运算符
& (bitwise and)位与 | (bitwise or)位或 ^ (bitwise xor)位或非 ~ (bitwise not)位非 << (bitshift left)左移 >> (bitshift right)右移
一个布尔变量拥有两个值,true 或 false。(每个布尔变量占用一个字节的内存。) char
一个数据类型,占用 1 个字节的内存存储一个字符值。字符都写在单引号,如'A'(多个字符 (字符串)使用双引号,如“ABC”)。字符以编号的形式存储。你可以在 ASCII 表中看到对应的编 码。这意味着字符的 ASCII 值可以用来作数学计算。(例如'A'+ 1,因为大写 A 的 ASCII 值是 65, 所以结果为 66)。如何将字符转换成数字参考 serial.println 命令。char 数据类型是有符号的类 型,这意味着它的编码为-128 到 127。对于一个无符号一个字节(8 位)的数据类型,使用 byte 数 据类型。 byte
拓展语法 ; (分号) {} (花括号) // (单行注释) /**/ (多行注释) #define #include
算数运算符 =(赋值运算符) + (加) - (减) * (乘) / (除) % (模)
比较运算符 == (等于) != (不等于) < (小于) > (大于) <= (小于等于) >= (大于等于)
1
变量部分:
1. 常量 constants
constants 是在 Arduino 语言里预定义的变量。它们被用来使程序更易阅读。我们按组将常量 分类。
逻辑层定义,true 与 false(布尔 Boolean 常量) 在 Arduino 内有两个常量用来表示真和假:true 和 false。
false 在这两个常量中 false 更容易被定义。false 被定义为 0(零)。
字符串数组都用小写的 string 表示而 String 类的实例通常用大写的 String 表示。注意,在 “双引号”内指定的字符常量通常被作为字符数组,并非 String 类实例。 Arrays (数组)
数组是一种可访问的变量的集合。Arduino 的数组是基于 C 语言的,因此这会变得很复杂,但 使用简单的数组是比较简单的。 创建(声明)一个数组
float,浮点型数据,就是有一个小数点的数字。浮点数经常被用来近似的模拟连续值,因为他 们比整数更大的精确度。浮点数的取值范围在 3.4028235 E+38 ~ -3.4028235E +38。它被存储为 32 位(4 字节)的信息。 float 只有 6-7 位有效数字。这指的是总位数,而不是小数点右边的数字。与其他平台不同的是, 在那里你可以使用 double 型得到更精确的结果(如 15 位),在 Arduino 上,double 型与 float 型 的大小相同。 浮点数字在有些情况下是不准确的,在数据大小比较时,可能会产生奇怪的结果。例如 6.0 / 3.0 可能不等于 2.0。你应该使两个数字之间的差额的绝对值小于一些小的数字,这样就可以近似的得 到这两个数字相等这样的结果。
Arduino 语法手册:
Arduino
Arduino 的程序可以划分为三个主要部分:结构、变量(变量与常量)、函数。
结构部分:
setup() 在 Arduino 中程序运行时将首先调用 setup() 函数。用于初始化变量、设置针脚的输出\输入
类型、配置串口、引入类库文件等等。每次 Arduino 上电或重启后,setup 函数只运行一次。 loop()
引脚通过 pinMode()配置为 输出(OUTPUT) 即是将其配置在一个低阻抗的状态。 这意味着它们可以为电路提供充足的电流。Atmega 引脚可以向其他设备/电路提供(提供正电 流 positive current)或倒灌(提供负电流 negative current)达 40 毫安(mA)的电流。这使得
true true 通常被定义为 1,这是正确的,但 true 具有更广泛的定义。在布尔含义(Boolean
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