森林经理学翻译(英语原文)

INTRODUCTION

This Forestry Practice Guide supports the UK Forestry Standard, the various guidelines and other advisory material produced by the Forestry Commission. Its purpose is to help owners and managers of plantations, forests and woods that are approaching the felling stage to take advantage of the opportunities this presents to make any necessary improvement to the diversity and appearance of the area in balance with other, more functional or economic objectives. It is a straightforward, step-by-step guide as to how to go about this task, referred to here as forest design planning, within the wider framework of environmental and operational planning.

本林业实践指南支持英国林业标准、其他指南以及由林业咨询委员会编写的各种材料。其目的是帮助人工林、森林和接近砍伐期的林木的经营者或经理，以改善林区的生物多样性和森林景观，并发挥森林的多功能和实现其经济目标。本指南就如何着手这项工作作出简单的一步一步的指导，而这种指导在这里可以理解为在大框架的环境下运作的森林设计规划。

The forest itself is the environment. The forest is not only the trees, but also the understorey, the ground vegetation, the open spaces, soils, rocks and water, all of which are integral parts. Any action taken concerning the arboreal component of the forest – the trees – is not just of environmental consequence: it is in itself an environmental act.Silvicultural planning, production planning, road planning and recreation planning are all, therefore, aspects of planning the forest environment as much as landscape and nature conservation planning.

森林本身就是环境。森林不仅仅包括树木，还包括林下层、地表植被、空旷地、土壤、岩石和水，所有的这些都是森林不可或缺的组成部分。采取的任何跟森林有关的行动，包括森林

它本身就是一种环境行为。因此，所有的造林规划、生产规划、道路规划和游憩区规划与景观保护和自然保护同等重要。

The requirement for planning is quite simply to achieve an understanding of the consequences of an action before embarking on that action. It has been described as both the launching point for the future and the process of learning from the past. Embarking on any action, whether it be felling trees or creating a wildlife or failing to achieve one’s objectives. This is true where there is a single management objective. It is even more true where there are multiple objectives. An action aimed at furthering only one of these will almost certainly affect the optimize if decisions are taken without proper information and planning. The UK Government has a firm policy for increasing the many diverse benefits that forests can provide. The aim is to create attractive and productive forests, which blend with the landscape, are rich in wildlife and are efficient to manage. How this is achieved and what is appropriate in individual circumstances depends on local conditions and priorities. Proper long-term planning needs to take account of all the relevant issues and produce an integrated solution. Compiling a plan requires clear thinking and logical action.

规划的要求很简单，就是在采取任何行动之前对此行动的后果进行思考，这可以理解为总结过去的经验和考虑未来的行为后果。采取任何行动时，无论是为了砍伐树木，或者创造一种野生动物，即使没有达到目标，都可以肯定定一个单一或者多重的管理目标的做法。如果采取缺乏正确的信息和规划的决定，那么至少有一个旨在推动日后发展的因素会影响到结果的最优化。英国政府为增加森林带来的多种利益，已出台坚定的政策，其目的是创造具有吸引力和富有成效的森林，拥有野生动植物丰富和高效管理的景观。至于如何实现和在个别情况下采取怎么样的行动才是恰当的，则取决于当地的条件和优先次序。合理的长远规划需要考虑到所有相关因素和提供一个综合的解决方案。因此，编制规划方案需要清晰的思维和理性的思考。

The planning process in forest management is all the more critical because the consequences of actions may be a long way in the future. It is important to remember that every action that we take today will affect the