2013年中考英语复习课件专题13 完形填空
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பைடு நூலகம்
知识网络
给出首字母式 单词填写式 完形填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 完形填空 自由填空
选择型完形填空
考 点一
选择型完形填空
将一篇文章，每隔若干个单词或句子空出一个词或短语，并给出四个选项，让同学们从 中选出正确的一项，有 10 个空的，也有 15 个空的。选择型完形填空客观性强，难度适中。 完形填空题的做题原则是“先完其意，而后完其形”，即，必须先了解文章的大意，然 后才能做题。其应试技巧如下： 1．根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测 注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空的关键， 它要求考生在了解文 章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合词义、句意、又 符合上下文语境的正确答案。
先阅读短文，然后从文后每小题的四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文中相应空白 处的最佳答案。 A young man was about to finish school. For a long time he had __(1)__ to get a beautiful sports car. He knew his father could well __(2)__ it, so he told him that a sports car was all he wanted. Then on the morning of his graduation(毕业)，he was called to his father's room. His father told him how __(3)__ he was to have such a fine son, and told him how __(4)__ he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful gift box. __(5)__， the young man opened the box and found a lovely Bible(圣经)with his name on it. Angrily, he raised his __(6)__ to his father and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible? ” He then __(7)__ out of the house, leaving the Bible.
Many years passed and the young man was very __(8)__ in business, and had a beautiful home and a wonderful family. __(9)__ that his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him __(10)__ that graduation day. Before he could go, he received a __(11)__ telling him that his father had died. He had to go home immediately and take __(12)__ of the things that his father left him. When he began to search through his father's important papers, he saw the still new Bible, __(13)__ as he had left it years ago. He opened the Bible and began to __(14)__ the pages. As he was reading, a car key with a tag(标牌)dropped from the back of the Bible. On the tag was the __(15)__ of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”. Sadness and regret(悔恨)filled his heart.
B．Suggesting D．Realizing B．since D．from B．ticket D．book B．part D．time B．only D．already B．open D．close B．date D．name
解析：毕业那天儿子没有得到想要的跑车，一气之下离家出走；多年后儿子成家立业， 想起了已到暮年的父亲。父亲在儿子到家之前去世了，父亲当年送给他的礼物，一本圣经崭 新如初。 (1)A 由下文语境推断，年轻人“期望”有一辆漂亮的跑车。 (2)A 由他跟父亲说出了自己的想法推断，他认为父亲能够“提供”他所要的。 (3)B 由语境推断，父亲跟他说他因为有这样的儿子而“骄傲”。 (4)B 由感到骄傲推断，父亲多么爱他的儿子；how much 这里表示程度。 (5)C 由发现盒子里的礼物是圣经推断，儿子感到“吃惊”。 (6)C 据常理推断，发怒时说话通常提高“音量”。 (7)D 由他留下了圣经推断，他从房子里跑出来。 (8)D 由他漂亮的房子，幸福的家庭推断，他是成功的商人。 (9)D 由他觉得应该去看看父亲推断，他“认识到”父亲老了。 (10)B 主句用完成时态，则用 since 引导时间状语。 (11)C 由告诉他父亲去世了推断，他接到一个“电话”。 (12)A take care of 是固定搭配，意思是“照顾”。 (13)A 这里用 just 强调父亲送给他的礼物一如当年，意思是“就，正好”。 (14)C 由打开书推断，他开始翻动页面；turn 意思是“翻”。 (15)B 父亲在儿子毕业那天送礼物给儿子，故标签上是毕业的日期。
(1) A.expected C．enjoyed (2) A.afford C．cost (3) A.excited C．angry (4) A.far C．long (5) A.Interested C．Surprised (6) A.hand C．voice (7) A.looked C．walked (8) A.careful C．wonderful
B．believed D．felt B．spend D．pay B．proud D．anxious B．much D．often B．Tired D．Relaxed B．head D．sound B．moved D．rushed B．helpful D．successful
(9) A.Wanting C．Noticing (10)A.on C．after (11)A.bag C．phone (12)A.care C．notes (13)A.just C．always (14)e C．turn (15)A.place C．test
考 点二
单词填写式完形填空
单词填写式完形填空题又分为三类： 一是给出单词短语， 但顺序已打乱， 要求选词填空， 并注意词形变化；二是给出所填词的首字母，要求填上一个适当的单词，完成短文；三是根 据短文内容，在每个空白处填上适当的单词或短语，即所谓“自由填空”。这三类题中第一 种最容易，第二种难一点，第三种最难。无论难与易，都要运用语法、句法、词法知识，通 读上下文，将所学的背景知识、社会常识综合运用来进行解答，因此平时学习时一定要学扎 实，同时也要开阔视野。 1．给出首字母式 (1)给出首字母提示比不给提示要简单一点，但还是要根据文章的意思来判断用什么词， 并用其恰当的形式。 (2)各种词汇变化的熟练掌握对解答此类题有很大的帮助。
先阅读短文，在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。 One day Harvey's wife was cleaning out a cupboard. “Look at all these umbrellas，” Harvey's wife said to him. “There are eight and they are all b__(1)__．” “I'll take them all to the umbrella shop and have them repaired，” Harvey said. “They are too good to t__(2)__ away.” Harvey took the eight umbrellas to the shop and l__(3)__ them there. The shopkeeper said, “They'll be r__(4)__ tomorrow.” That evening Harvey went home from the office by bus as he u__(5)__ did. He sat next to an old woman. She had an umbrella on the floor between the s__(6)__. When the bus reached his stop, he picked up her umbrella and stood up. “Hey！” the woman said, “That umbrella b__(7)__ to me.” “I'm so sorry.” Harvey said, giving it to her. “Please excuse me for taking your umbrella by m__(8)__．” The next day he collected the umbrellas from the umbrella shop and got on the bus. As he sat down, a v__(9)__ behind said, “You have certainly had a s__(10)__ day！” He turned around and saw the woman whose umbrella he had almost taken the day before.
2．根据语篇标志进行推测 语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往 有表明其内在联系的词语。这些词语称为“语篇标志”。例如：表示结构层次的 firstly， secondly 等；表示逻辑关系的 therefore(因此)，so，but 等；表示改变话题的 by the way 等。 在做完形填空时， 充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络， 弄清上下文之间的关系。 3．根据文化背景知识进行推测 完形填空考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识到历史、地理知识；从风俗民情到民族 习惯等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化所存在的差异。具备了一定的 文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断出正确答案。
第二讲
完形填空与阅读理解
完形填空
专题 13
完形填空是考查学生综合运用语言能力的一种有效方法， 它涉及的知识面广、 综合性强、 灵活性高。 它不仅能较为真实地反映出学生的实际语言水平， 而且还能反映出学生的阅读理 解能力、综合运用英语知识的能力以及逻辑推理和分析判断能力。 历年来，完形填空题是各地中考的必考题型。完形填空以考查实词为主，其中以动词最 多，其次是名词、形容词、副词、词组及固定搭配等。它多以语篇线索为主，词句线索为辅。 一般一篇文章 10～15 个小题。个别省市是两篇文章。 完形填空的主要题型有：选择型完形填空及单词填写式完形填空两种形式。
解析： 这篇短文主要是讲由修伞引起哈维在公共汽车上发生的一些尴尬的场面， 使别人 误认哈维是偷雨伞的贼。 (1)broken 根据下一句要去修伞可知。 (2)throw throw away，“扔掉”。 (3)left “把伞留在这里”。填 laid 也可以，表示“放置”。 (4)ready 明天就修好了。 (5)usually “那天晚上哈维像往常一样下班坐车回家”。 (6)seats “将伞放在汽车上两个座位之间”。 (7)belongs belong to“属于”。 (8)mistake by mistake“错误地”。 (9)voice “听到后面有人讲话”。 (10)successful 这是妇女嘲弄的话，言外之意是认为哈维错误地拿了别人的伞。
知识网络
给出首字母式 单词填写式 完形填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 完形填空 自由填空
选择型完形填空
考 点一
选择型完形填空
将一篇文章，每隔若干个单词或句子空出一个词或短语，并给出四个选项，让同学们从 中选出正确的一项，有 10 个空的，也有 15 个空的。选择型完形填空客观性强，难度适中。 完形填空题的做题原则是“先完其意，而后完其形”，即，必须先了解文章的大意，然 后才能做题。其应试技巧如下： 1．根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测 注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空的关键， 它要求考生在了解文 章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合词义、句意、又 符合上下文语境的正确答案。
先阅读短文，然后从文后每小题的四个选项中选出一个可以填入短文中相应空白 处的最佳答案。 A young man was about to finish school. For a long time he had __(1)__ to get a beautiful sports car. He knew his father could well __(2)__ it, so he told him that a sports car was all he wanted. Then on the morning of his graduation(毕业)，he was called to his father's room. His father told him how __(3)__ he was to have such a fine son, and told him how __(4)__ he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful gift box. __(5)__， the young man opened the box and found a lovely Bible(圣经)with his name on it. Angrily, he raised his __(6)__ to his father and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible? ” He then __(7)__ out of the house, leaving the Bible.
Many years passed and the young man was very __(8)__ in business, and had a beautiful home and a wonderful family. __(9)__ that his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him __(10)__ that graduation day. Before he could go, he received a __(11)__ telling him that his father had died. He had to go home immediately and take __(12)__ of the things that his father left him. When he began to search through his father's important papers, he saw the still new Bible, __(13)__ as he had left it years ago. He opened the Bible and began to __(14)__ the pages. As he was reading, a car key with a tag(标牌)dropped from the back of the Bible. On the tag was the __(15)__ of his graduation, and the words “PAID IN FULL”. Sadness and regret(悔恨)filled his heart.
B．Suggesting D．Realizing B．since D．from B．ticket D．book B．part D．time B．only D．already B．open D．close B．date D．name
解析：毕业那天儿子没有得到想要的跑车，一气之下离家出走；多年后儿子成家立业， 想起了已到暮年的父亲。父亲在儿子到家之前去世了，父亲当年送给他的礼物，一本圣经崭 新如初。 (1)A 由下文语境推断，年轻人“期望”有一辆漂亮的跑车。 (2)A 由他跟父亲说出了自己的想法推断，他认为父亲能够“提供”他所要的。 (3)B 由语境推断，父亲跟他说他因为有这样的儿子而“骄傲”。 (4)B 由感到骄傲推断，父亲多么爱他的儿子；how much 这里表示程度。 (5)C 由发现盒子里的礼物是圣经推断，儿子感到“吃惊”。 (6)C 据常理推断，发怒时说话通常提高“音量”。 (7)D 由他留下了圣经推断，他从房子里跑出来。 (8)D 由他漂亮的房子，幸福的家庭推断，他是成功的商人。 (9)D 由他觉得应该去看看父亲推断，他“认识到”父亲老了。 (10)B 主句用完成时态，则用 since 引导时间状语。 (11)C 由告诉他父亲去世了推断，他接到一个“电话”。 (12)A take care of 是固定搭配，意思是“照顾”。 (13)A 这里用 just 强调父亲送给他的礼物一如当年，意思是“就，正好”。 (14)C 由打开书推断，他开始翻动页面；turn 意思是“翻”。 (15)B 父亲在儿子毕业那天送礼物给儿子，故标签上是毕业的日期。
(1) A.expected C．enjoyed (2) A.afford C．cost (3) A.excited C．angry (4) A.far C．long (5) A.Interested C．Surprised (6) A.hand C．voice (7) A.looked C．walked (8) A.careful C．wonderful
B．believed D．felt B．spend D．pay B．proud D．anxious B．much D．often B．Tired D．Relaxed B．head D．sound B．moved D．rushed B．helpful D．successful
(9) A.Wanting C．Noticing (10)A.on C．after (11)A.bag C．phone (12)A.care C．notes (13)A.just C．always (14)e C．turn (15)A.place C．test
考 点二
单词填写式完形填空
单词填写式完形填空题又分为三类： 一是给出单词短语， 但顺序已打乱， 要求选词填空， 并注意词形变化；二是给出所填词的首字母，要求填上一个适当的单词，完成短文；三是根 据短文内容，在每个空白处填上适当的单词或短语，即所谓“自由填空”。这三类题中第一 种最容易，第二种难一点，第三种最难。无论难与易，都要运用语法、句法、词法知识，通 读上下文，将所学的背景知识、社会常识综合运用来进行解答，因此平时学习时一定要学扎 实，同时也要开阔视野。 1．给出首字母式 (1)给出首字母提示比不给提示要简单一点，但还是要根据文章的意思来判断用什么词， 并用其恰当的形式。 (2)各种词汇变化的熟练掌握对解答此类题有很大的帮助。
先阅读短文，在其后空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。 One day Harvey's wife was cleaning out a cupboard. “Look at all these umbrellas，” Harvey's wife said to him. “There are eight and they are all b__(1)__．” “I'll take them all to the umbrella shop and have them repaired，” Harvey said. “They are too good to t__(2)__ away.” Harvey took the eight umbrellas to the shop and l__(3)__ them there. The shopkeeper said, “They'll be r__(4)__ tomorrow.” That evening Harvey went home from the office by bus as he u__(5)__ did. He sat next to an old woman. She had an umbrella on the floor between the s__(6)__. When the bus reached his stop, he picked up her umbrella and stood up. “Hey！” the woman said, “That umbrella b__(7)__ to me.” “I'm so sorry.” Harvey said, giving it to her. “Please excuse me for taking your umbrella by m__(8)__．” The next day he collected the umbrellas from the umbrella shop and got on the bus. As he sat down, a v__(9)__ behind said, “You have certainly had a s__(10)__ day！” He turned around and saw the woman whose umbrella he had almost taken the day before.
2．根据语篇标志进行推测 语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往 有表明其内在联系的词语。这些词语称为“语篇标志”。例如：表示结构层次的 firstly， secondly 等；表示逻辑关系的 therefore(因此)，so，but 等；表示改变话题的 by the way 等。 在做完形填空时， 充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络， 弄清上下文之间的关系。 3．根据文化背景知识进行推测 完形填空考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识到历史、地理知识；从风俗民情到民族 习惯等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化所存在的差异。具备了一定的 文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断出正确答案。
第二讲
完形填空与阅读理解
完形填空
专题 13
完形填空是考查学生综合运用语言能力的一种有效方法， 它涉及的知识面广、 综合性强、 灵活性高。 它不仅能较为真实地反映出学生的实际语言水平， 而且还能反映出学生的阅读理 解能力、综合运用英语知识的能力以及逻辑推理和分析判断能力。 历年来，完形填空题是各地中考的必考题型。完形填空以考查实词为主，其中以动词最 多，其次是名词、形容词、副词、词组及固定搭配等。它多以语篇线索为主，词句线索为辅。 一般一篇文章 10～15 个小题。个别省市是两篇文章。 完形填空的主要题型有：选择型完形填空及单词填写式完形填空两种形式。
解析： 这篇短文主要是讲由修伞引起哈维在公共汽车上发生的一些尴尬的场面， 使别人 误认哈维是偷雨伞的贼。 (1)broken 根据下一句要去修伞可知。 (2)throw throw away，“扔掉”。 (3)left “把伞留在这里”。填 laid 也可以，表示“放置”。 (4)ready 明天就修好了。 (5)usually “那天晚上哈维像往常一样下班坐车回家”。 (6)seats “将伞放在汽车上两个座位之间”。 (7)belongs belong to“属于”。 (8)mistake by mistake“错误地”。 (9)voice “听到后面有人讲话”。 (10)successful 这是妇女嘲弄的话，言外之意是认为哈维错误地拿了别人的伞。