伦敦塔桥中英文简介
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塔桥（内置1886–1894）是伦敦的一个组合式 结构，悬索桥，英格兰横跨泰晤士河。它靠近 伦敦塔而得名，并已成为伦敦的一个标志性的 符号。
History
• In the second half of the 19th century, increased commercial development in the East End of London led to a requirement for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. A traditional fixed bridge could not be built because it would cut off access by tall-masted ships to the port facilities in the Pool of
19世Lo纪n下d半o叶n，, b随e着tw伦敦ee经n济L的o发n展d城on市东B部rid越g来e越a紧n要d地t需he要一座横跨 泰和晤伦To士敦w河塔e的之r桥间o梁，f 。假Lo但如n这新d座 桥o桥 太n不 低. 能 的是 话传 船统 就的 无桥 法， 开因 到为 码当 头时了的。码头位于伦敦桥
• 1876年一个特别委员会成立来讨论这个过
河问题的解决方案。它开始了一个方案设 计竞赛，一共收到了50个不同的方案。但
此后的讨论却拖延了许多时间和导致了很 多激烈的辩论，最后这个委员会于1884年 决定采用霍拉斯·琼斯的方案。霍拉斯·琼斯 本人也是评审委员会的一员
• Jones' engineer, Sir John Wolfe Barry, devised the idea of a bascule bridge with two bridge towers built on piers. The central span was split into two equal bascules or leaves, which could be raised to allow river traffic to pass. The two side-spans were suspension bridges, with the suspension rods anchored both at the abutments and through rods contained within the bridge's upper walkways
• Two massive piers, containing over 70,000 tons of concrete, were sunk into the riverbed to support the construction. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for the towers and walkways. This was then clad in Cornish granite and Portland stone, both to 两 和pthr座桥oet坚身berc固 共itdtg的 用hee桥 了au墩1pn.lde共1万ea使srl吨iyn用ig钢n了ga铁ps7pt0。ee,e桥0al0rwa塔0on吨和rck水e桥a泥n身d，的t桥o钢g塔铁ive
生高压水。蒸汽机把水从水库泵入液压装
Construction
• Construction started in 1887 and took eight years with five major contractors and employed 432 consห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ruction workers. E W Crutwell was the resident engineer for the construction. 1886年伦敦塔桥开建，建造共历时8年，5 个主要建筑公司和共432建筑工人参与工程
Tower Bridge
• Tower Bridge (built 1886–1894) is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London, England which crosses the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, from which it takes its name, and has become an iconic symbol of London.
• 琼斯的设计是一座244米长的开启桥，桥有 两个桥塔，每个塔高65米。桥的中部长61 米，分为上下2层。上层高而窄，可作为人 行道。下层是主通道，分为两扇桥段，每 扇可以竖起到83度来让河流交通通过。这 两扇桥段各重上千吨，它们的轴位于它们
的重心上来减小它们起升时所需要的力，
它们可以在一分钟内升起。一开始这个升 降装置是液压的，为此它有六个水库来产
• A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1877, chaired by Sir Albert Joseph Altman, to find a solution to the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were submitted, including one from civil engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette. The evaluation of the designs was surrounded by controversy, and it was not until 1884 that a design submitted by Sir Horace Jones, the City Architect (who was
History
• In the second half of the 19th century, increased commercial development in the East End of London led to a requirement for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. A traditional fixed bridge could not be built because it would cut off access by tall-masted ships to the port facilities in the Pool of
19世Lo纪n下d半o叶n，, b随e着tw伦敦ee经n济L的o发n展d城on市东B部rid越g来e越a紧n要d地t需he要一座横跨 泰和晤伦To士敦w河塔e的之r桥间o梁，f 。假Lo但如n这新d座 桥o桥 太n不 低. 能 的是 话传 船统 就的 无桥 法， 开因 到为 码当 头时了的。码头位于伦敦桥
• 1876年一个特别委员会成立来讨论这个过
河问题的解决方案。它开始了一个方案设 计竞赛，一共收到了50个不同的方案。但
此后的讨论却拖延了许多时间和导致了很 多激烈的辩论，最后这个委员会于1884年 决定采用霍拉斯·琼斯的方案。霍拉斯·琼斯 本人也是评审委员会的一员
• Jones' engineer, Sir John Wolfe Barry, devised the idea of a bascule bridge with two bridge towers built on piers. The central span was split into two equal bascules or leaves, which could be raised to allow river traffic to pass. The two side-spans were suspension bridges, with the suspension rods anchored both at the abutments and through rods contained within the bridge's upper walkways
• Two massive piers, containing over 70,000 tons of concrete, were sunk into the riverbed to support the construction. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for the towers and walkways. This was then clad in Cornish granite and Portland stone, both to 两 和pthr座桥oet坚身berc固 共itdtg的 用hee桥 了au墩1pn.lde共1万ea使srl吨iyn用ig钢n了ga铁ps7pt0。ee,e桥0al0rwa塔0on吨和rck水e桥a泥n身d，的t桥o钢g塔铁ive
生高压水。蒸汽机把水从水库泵入液压装
Construction
• Construction started in 1887 and took eight years with five major contractors and employed 432 consห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ruction workers. E W Crutwell was the resident engineer for the construction. 1886年伦敦塔桥开建，建造共历时8年，5 个主要建筑公司和共432建筑工人参与工程
Tower Bridge
• Tower Bridge (built 1886–1894) is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London, England which crosses the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, from which it takes its name, and has become an iconic symbol of London.
• 琼斯的设计是一座244米长的开启桥，桥有 两个桥塔，每个塔高65米。桥的中部长61 米，分为上下2层。上层高而窄，可作为人 行道。下层是主通道，分为两扇桥段，每 扇可以竖起到83度来让河流交通通过。这 两扇桥段各重上千吨，它们的轴位于它们
的重心上来减小它们起升时所需要的力，
它们可以在一分钟内升起。一开始这个升 降装置是液压的，为此它有六个水库来产
• A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1877, chaired by Sir Albert Joseph Altman, to find a solution to the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were submitted, including one from civil engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette. The evaluation of the designs was surrounded by controversy, and it was not until 1884 that a design submitted by Sir Horace Jones, the City Architect (who was