高考英语七选五阅读解题技巧窍门讲解

高考英语七选五阅读解题技巧讲解

什么是说明文？

说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学地解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象事理的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等能有科学的认识，从而获得有关的知识。说明文的中心鲜明突出，文章具有科学性，条理性，语言确切生动。它通过揭示概念来说明事物特征、本质及其规律性。说明文一般介绍事物的形状、构造、类别、关系、功能，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变等。说明文实用性很强，它包括广告、说明书、提要、提示、规则、章程、解说词等。说明文有的是以时间为序，有的是以空间为序；有的由现象写到本质，有的由主写到次；有的按工艺流程顺序来说明，有的按事物的性质、功用、原理等顺序来说明。常见的说明方法有举例子、分类别、作比较、列数字、下定义、作诠释、打比方、摹状貌、引用、画图表（作图表）等。（源自百度百科）

一．根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略

1) 空格为标题

标题的特点就是短小精悍，且多为名词性短语或祈使句

（2015年全国卷I）

Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to , misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore, 37. It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, we have some steps you can take to get you there.

● 38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

●39 If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”. At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.

A.Learn to really trust yourself.

B. It is putting confidence in someone.

C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim.

D. Remember that you can expect the best in return.

E. Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened.

F. This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.

G. They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.

2)空格出现在段首

通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。

（2014年全国卷I）

4. Self Expression

40 there are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music, acting, drawing,building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we can’t forget science education.

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?

E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

3)空格出现在段中

这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案。（2016广州二模）

Alone But Not Lonely

We often fill loneliness with all types of unsatisfying activities. Young people would rather spend a Friday night out with strangers，than spend the night alone. They’re looking for a way to kill time while they await true friendship. Then there are young adults in gangs where they don’t really like their companions. 39 Why does being alone scare us?

Do not be afraid of silence.40 It teaches you how to truly listen. It teaches you to pay attention to what’s going on inside of you. Only when we are alone can we have the space and peace we need to think without being outwardly influenced. It therefore becomes easier to make important decisions as well as to reflect on how we are feeling.

A．Loneliness is therefore a feeling that can be experienced whether or not one is physically alone.

B．They would rather feel accepted on a shallow level than risk feeling alone.