中考英语名词复习教案.pdf

中考英语名词专题复习教案

一、教学目标 1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。

2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。

二、考查重点

1. 可数名词与不可数名词

2. 名词的单数与复数名词所有格

3. 名词用法以及词义辨析

三、两课时

四、教学过程

名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。

普通名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 个体名词：chair ，book 集体名词：people ，family 不可数名词⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ 物质名词：rain ，ice ，sunshine 抽象名词：love ，knowledge

专有名词：

1.表示人名 如：Jim Kate Li Lei Miss Gao

2.表示地名:如: China USA England Beijing

3.表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：

Sunday Monday Tuesday January February

4.表示中外节日：

国际性节日:New Year May Day Children’s Day

Women’s Day

中国节日: Spring Festival Mid-autumn Day National Day

西方节日: Christmas Day Easter(复活节）Father’s Day Mother’s Day Saint Valen tine’s Day(情人节)

5. 机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写,如:

CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN IT

NBA IQ EQ PE RMB VIP

１.drink---coffee, milk,tea…

2.food---rice,bread,meat…porridge, tofu,…

3.sugar,salt,pepper,butter…

4.weather---rain,snow,ice,clo ud,wind…

5.cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass, plastic

名词单数的表达一般可用a ，an ，one 来修饰 注：a 用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前*a book ，* an English book ，* an hour 。

名词的复数形式

1.规则变化

(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”/s/or/z/

* dog – dogs * book – books

(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/

*box – boxes *watch – watches

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/

* country – countries

* factory – factories

请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”

* boy – boys holiday-holidays

* monkey – monkeys

(4) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/

* half – halves * shelf – shelves

* knife – knives * leaf – leaves

特殊:belief---beliefs

特殊:roof---roofs

(5) 以o结尾的名词,一般情况加s,读作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外

* piano – pianos * zoo – zoos

radio-radios bamboo--bamboos

2.不规则变化

(1)单复数同形

Chinese – Chinese fish – fish Japanese – Japanese sheep–sheep

(2)变元音字母oo为ee

tooth – teeth foot – feet

(3).变man为men

man – men woman – women

policeman – policemen

Frenchman – Frenchmen

请区别：German(德国人) – Germans

(“中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)

(4).常以复数形式出现的名词

people clothes shoes

trousers glasses

这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数

* My clothes are newer than yours.

3.可数名词可以被a, an, one, two以及how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ，some等修饰

*There are a few people in the park.

*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?

1.Several _____ are talking under the tree．And they are talking about______.

A．woman; children B．woman; child

C．women; children

A. people

B. person

C. child

3. Some ______ came to our school for a visit that day.

A. Germans

B. Germen

C. Germany

D. Germanies

4. In the picture there are many______ and two_______.

A. sheeps; knifes

B. sheeps; knife

C. sheep; knives

D. sheep; knife

5. There are four_______and two_______in the group.

A. Japanese，Germen

B. Japaneses，Germen

C. Japanese，German

D. Japanese，Germans

★不可数名词

物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。

work chalk time space music

money weather homework

wood information news medicine

1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数

*Some bread is over there.

*No news is good news.

2.不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two等修饰，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some, any，plenty of 等修饰

*They had much money.

*He does little housework at home.

* a rice (X) two bread (X)

巩固练习:

(1)一茶杯茶（2）一块冰

（3）两公斤肉（4）五瓶橘汁

（5）半公斤鸡肉（6）许多瓶牛奶

4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同

glass(玻璃)– a glass(玻璃杯) work(工作) – a work(著作) time(时间) – times(次数)

1. Please give me ______ paper.

A. one

B. a pieces

C. a piece

D. a piece of

2. This table is made of_______.

A. many glass

B. some glasses

C. glasses

D. glass

3. —What can I do for you, sir?

—I'd like two_________.

A.bottle of milk

B.bottles of milks

C.bottles of milk

D.bottle of milks

4. We can do the work better with______money and

________ people.

A. less, fewer

B. fewer, less

C. little, little

D. few, few

1.当people, class, family, team, group, public, police 等集体名词做主语时，如果看

成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。

2. e.g The class are waiting for her.