新概念第二册lesson37

Lesson 37 The Olympic Games

【New words and expressions】(9)

★Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的

the Olympic games 奥林匹克运动会(简称the Games，一般大型运动会用games)

★hold (held，held) ①vt. 拿着，抓住，抱住

②容纳，装得下，包含

The stadium can hold 20,000 people.

③举行，进行(会议、会谈等)；庆祝(节日)；纪念have a meeting = hold a meeting 召开会议hold习惯用被动：

A festival is held at Edinburgh every year.

★immense adj. 极大的, 无边的, 一望无际的

★fantastic adj. 巨大的

The universe is immense./immense ocean

big adj.(一般的)大的big man 大人物

large adj. 数量的大, 尺寸的大large man 大块头

great adj. 伟大的, 重要的great man 伟人

huge adj.(体积的)巨大的, 庞大，极大的, 无限的

fantastic 巨大的(建筑等，表惊叹)，好极的, 宏伟的

★stadium n. 露天体育场

playground n. 操场

sports field 运动场, 体育场(sports 各种各样的运)gymnasium =gym n. 健身房，体育馆；体育

篮球场gym ；足球场stadium

★standard n. 标准high standard 高标准

Olympic-standard 奥林匹克标准(运动会中的最高标准)(复合形容词：形容词+名词)

★capital n. 首都

capital adj. 大写的, 重要的

capital punishment 极刑(punishment n.惩罚, 处罚, 惩处) hot seat 电椅(国外的极刑)

★design ①vt. &vi. 设计图样

②vt. &vi. 打算(做……)，计划

He designed to enter for the competition.

This book is designed for foreign tourist.

③n. 图样，图纸；设计

Susan has just drawn a design for a new dress.

designer n. 设计师well－designed 设计不错的(复合形容词：副词+过去分词)

【课文讲解】

1、The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years' time.

in four years’ time 四年之后(in常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”)

2、As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool.

as/because原因，as是连词，引出原因状语从句，as用于表示原因时通常位于句首，它所表明的原因对于讲话对象可能是已知的，因此没必要再予以强调。because任何时候都可代替as，来说明一种或几种原因，但as则不一定总能代替because。because一般跟在主句后面，强调讲话的对象可能不知道的原因。As you can’t type the letter yourself, you’ll have to ask Susan to do it for you./Jim’s trying to save more money because he wants to buy a car.

a large number of people = a great many people 大批的人

3、They will also be building new roads and a special railway line.

be building 修建a special railway-line 专线铁路

4、Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year.

by是完成时的标志, 表示“到……为止，在……之前，并不晚于某时的任何时间”，不能与表示一段时间的名词名词连用，只能与表示时间点的名词或词组连用，用于肯定句与用于否定句有一定区别。

I’ll have left by Monday. 到星期一我将已离开。(星期一之前的任何时间)

I won’t have left by Monday. 我星期一之前不会离开。(星期一还在)

5、Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up.

as是连词，相当于while，当“当，正值”讲，引出时间状语从句，它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作但要用一般现在时，不能用“…will go up”

be built强调建造；go up 建筑物)被兴建起来，拔地而起Many new houses are going up in this district.

【Letter Writing】

在信的地址下面必须写上完整的日期。日期有两种写法，如：17th April, 19-；April 17th 19-，数字写法如下：1st(1日)；2nd(2日)；3rd(3日)；4th(4日)等。

【Key structures】

一般将来完成时

一般将来时除了可以用来预言将来发生的事以外，还可以表示“意愿”，如允诺、建议、请求、提议等。

The radio hasn’t been mended yet. Never mind! I’ll mend it for you. (允诺)

Will you open the door for me please! (请求)

Shall we go for a swim tomorrow? (建议)

将来进行时除了表示最近或不久的将来正在进行的动作外，还可以表示计划或安排好的事：

A great many people will be visiting the country.

将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作。将来完成时由will have+过去分词构成。它常与by和not…till/until+表示时间的名词连用。

I hope they’ll have finished it in time for the journey.

I expect you will have changed your mind by tomorrow./I will have finished it until/till tomorrow.

现在完成式: 到现在某一点时间为止

过去完成式: 到过去某一点时间为止

将来完成式: 到将来某一点时间为止, 某个动作已经发生

【Special Difficulties】

Look的短语

Look forward to (expect with pleasure) 盼望，期待着(to为介词后面只能跟名词、代词和动名词) Look out (be careful) 当心(注意)，留神

Look out of 朝外看

Look up

①(get information from a reference book) 查阅(从参考书中获取资料)

②(visit) 拜访，看望

Don't forget to look me up when you return.

Exercise 练习用hold或look的正确形式填空:

4 The students' union ______ an interesting debate on capital punishment yesterday.

5 My friend Ingrid lives in Stockholm. Why don't you ______ her______ when you're there?

6 Examinations will be ______ next week. I'm not ______ them.

4. held debate on … 辩论…… (debate v. 争论, 辩论；n. 争论, 辩论)union n. 联合，合并，结合，联盟，协会

口语过程三步：dialogue(对话)；discussion(讨论)；debate(争论)

5. look (her) up look (sb.) up : 拜访, 看看, 在英文中并不一定是很正式的, 只是去看看的意思

6. held；looking forward to

hold an exam 举行考试take the exam 接受考试