傣药雅解沙把解药物毒作用的研究
傣药雅解沙把、雅罕唉喃合用治疗唉贺皇(慢性支气管炎)疗效观察
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不 良反 应 ,然 后 针 对 性 地 给 予 服 用 雅 罕 唉 喃 ( 台 叶 合 灯 剂 ) 火 解 毒 , 痰 止 咳 而 获 效 较 高 。 由此 , 刻 体 会 到 傣 清 化 深 医药 完 整 解 药 理 论 的 突 出 特 色 : 药 具 有 调 节 人 体 生 理 功 解 能 、 除人体各 种毒 素 、 持 体 内“ 解 保 四塔 ” 风 、 、 、 ) ( 火 水 土 , “ 蕴 ”色 、 、 、 、 ) 能的平衡协 调 。 医学认 为 , 五 ( 识 受 想 行 功 傣 健 康是 人体 “ 四塔 ” “ 蕴 ” 能 处 于 动 态 的 平 衡 与 协 调 , 、五 功 发 病 则 是 因 为 体 内 外 各 种 “ 雅 ” 病 毒 邪 气 )、 烟 酒 糖 茶 瓜果 、 菜 , 些食 物 虽为 人 体 蔬 这
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2 1 年 9月 8日收稿 00
傣医常用解药抗炎作用筛选研究
傣医常用解药抗炎作用筛选研究作者:梁志庆倪凯何鹏飞王胤骁赵应红来源:《云南中医中药杂志》2022年第03期摘要:目的研究傣医常用的5种解药对小鼠巨噬细胞焦亡和活力的影响,初步筛选评价其抗炎活性。
方法采用Celigo Cytomter全视野细胞扫描分析仪,对健康生长条件下空白组及药物干预的小鼠巨噬细胞进行分析,通过对细胞增值数的观察分析,筛选出可抑制小鼠巨噬细胞增值的药材。
结果与空白组比较,给药组的小鼠巨噬细胞数减少(P<0.05)。
结论傣族常用解药对小鼠巨噬细胞有一定的抑制作用。
关键词:傣医;解药;巨噬细胞;抗炎;筛选中图分类号:R285.5 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1007-2349(2022)03-0078-03炎症反应存在与机体的诸多生理病理过程中,是最基础的保护性反应之一。
体内多种细胞参与其中,巨噬细胞在调控人体炎症反应变化的过程中扮演着不可替代角色。
人体内的巨噬细胞处于应答状态,当其受到微观世界中各种效应子的激活信号,诸如外界的病原体、突发损伤刺激干扰或者免疫适应,都会引起巨噬细胞的分化,从而开启不同的遗传程序,诱导其成为极化状态[1]。
当这种稳态的平衡被打破,就会造成巨噬细胞极化失调。
从而可能导致多种慢性炎症相关性疾病的发生发展,例如脓毒症、动脉粥状硬化、哮喘及炎症性肠病等[2]。
因此,调控巨噬细胞的稳态,纠正其极化失调表达,可能会延缓这些相关疾病的炎症进程,这也使得对巨噬细胞极化的调控有望成为控制和治疗这些炎症性疾病新的靶点。
傣族医药历史悠久,据《贝叶经》记载,早在2500多年前,傣族就有了自己的医药,是傣族人民长期与自然和疾病斗争中总结、积累出来的,并受到中医学、印度传统医学的影响,且傣医理论“四塔”(风、火、水、土)和“五蕴(色、识、受、想、行)与中医阴阳五行学说有相似之处,具有鲜明的民族特色,是祖国医学的重要组成部分。
傣医药学具有独到的防病治病的特征。
傣医传统理论认为,凡功能以解毒为主,针对各种食物、药物、动物叮咬及各种原因过敏等所导致的体内残留毒素而设,具有解除毒素、调补四塔功能的药物称为雅解(解藥),而其使用方法则称为“解法”[3]。
傣药“雅解”:宾蒿、傣百解及竹叶兰的生物活性及其解毒机制_(英文)
第 62 卷 第 3 期2023 年 5 月Vol.62 No.3May 2023中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)ACTA SCIENTIARUM NATURALIUM UNIVERSITATIS SUNYATSENI Biological activities and detoxification mechanisms ofClerodendrum chinense var . simplex, Marsdenia tenacissimaand Arundina graminifolia : The Dai antidotes *ZHANG Xuefei 1,2, ZHAO Junke 2, HAO Suqi 2, DING Qing 3, YU Shihui 2, MOHAMMAD Imran shair 2, WANG Jun 2, HU Haiyan21. School of Traditional Dai -Thai Medicine , West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences , Jinghong 666100, China2. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat -sen University , Guangzhou 510006, China3. Yunnan Dai Medicine Co ., Ltd ., Ruili 678699, ChinaAbstract : Dai antidotes are the most distinctive medicine and treatment in traditional Dai medicine. Bin Hao (Clerodendrum chinense var. simplex ), Dai Bai Jie (Marsdenia tenacissima ) and Zhu Ye Lan (Arun ‐dina graminifolia ) are three Dai antidotes widely used for their "detoxifying effects", and their use is rooted in a theoretical system significantly different and much less understood than Western or tradi ‐tional Chinese medicines. Here, we successively extracted the three Dai antidotes using petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n -butanol, or water, and then prepared their decoctions. The content of total flavo ‐noids in three Dai antidotes ranged from 22.41 to 586.39 mg/g, which is higher than the content of total polyphenols (2.76 to 28.66 mg/g). The various extracts were found to scavenge radicals of DPPH, ·OH and ABTS. They scavenged ABTS radicals much more efficiently than other radicals (IC 50 > 380 μg/mL). They weakly inhibited the growth of E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Notably, even at low concentra ‐tion 60 μg/mL, the extracts can significantly down-regulate the production of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by macrophages stimulated with LPS. In conclusion, our results provide the first mechanistic insights into the detoxifying effects of three Dai antidotes, providing a foundation for their optimization and for future research to strengthen Dai medicine through modern scientific practices.Key words : Dai antidote; Clerodendrum chinense var. simplex ; Marsdenia tenacissima ; Arundina graminifolia ; detoxificationCLC number : R29 Document code: A Article ID : 2097 - 0137(2023)03 - 0089 - 11As one of the four major ethnomedicines in China (Wang et al., 2017 ), Dai medicine dates back more than 2 500 years (Li et al., 2019) and continues to play an important role in health care in China and many other countries of southeast Asia, especially inthe Mekong River valley. "Yajie", is also known as Dai antidotes, refers to the medicine that can regulate the function of four cosmic elements in the body and is widely used among Dai medical practitioners to de ‐toxify body toxins obtained from food, drug or animalDOI :10.13471/ki.acta.snus.2022E027* Received : 2022 − 09 − 13 Accepted : 2022 − 11 − 04 Published online : 2023 − 01 − 30Supported by Yunnan Provincial Department of Education Science Research Fund Project(2018JS709); National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973264); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019A1515011954, 2020A1515010593)Corresponding author : HU Haiyan (**************** )ZHANG Xuefei (******************** ),ZHAO Junke (*****************),HAO Suqi (*****************),DING Qing (*****************),YU Shihui (****************),MOHAMMAD Imran shair (*************** ), WANG Jun(************** )第 62 卷中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)bites, etc. It is the most distinctive medicine and treat ‐ment method in Dai medicine.(Zhang et al., 2012). Bin Hao (Clerodendrum chinense var. simplex ), Dai Bai Jie (Marsdenia tenacissima ) and Zhu Ye Lan (Arundina graminifolia ) (Fig.1), are widely used Dai antidotes. Mainly, Bin Hao is used to treat cough, sore throat, rheumatic arthralgia and jaundice (Li et al.,2018), Dai Bai Jie, to treat cough, swelling and throat pain(Li et al.,2014), and Zhu Ye Lan, to treat all kinds of poisoning caused by food and medicine, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness and other diseases (Qu et al., 2011).There are few studies, using modern biomedical techniques to analyze the clinical benefits of Dai anti ‐dotes limiting the use of Dai medicine. In fact, the Dai theoretical system remains completely outside from modern medical science and research. Com ‐pared with other types of traditional Chinese medi ‐cine, which already have a large number of literatures and clinical practice integrated with western medi ‐cine, we are unaware the overlap and complementarity between the Dai theoretical system and traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine.Dai medical theory holds that disease is related to imbalance among the four cosmic elements in the body, and that such imbalance can arise due to the presence of toxins (Zhang et al.,2012). This im ‐balance may be attributed to imbalance between free radicals and anti-oxidant defenses ( Oszmianski et al., 2020) or imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, such as in excessive inflamma ‐tion or infection with pathogens. All these im ‐balances can lead to a disease initiation and progres ‐sion. Therefore, the present study used standard and well-established laboratory methods to assess the in vitro antioxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of the three Dai antidotes. In addition, the ma ‐terial basis of three Dai antidotes were explored by de ‐termining their contents of total polyphenols and fla ‐vonoids, as described in Fig.1. The results may help explain the clinical efficacy of these traditional medi ‐cines, providing a modern scientific foundation for un ‐derstanding and developing Dai medicine for the treat ‐ment of various diseases as well as expanding their use in other regions of the world.1 Methods1.1 Plant material, reagents and cellsThe Bin Hao, Dai Bai Jie and Zhu Ye Lan were purchased from the Institute of Ethnic Medicine (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province) and identified by Mrs. Lin Yanfang, chief expert of Dai Medicine. They were washed and dried for two weeks in the shade. Before extraction, the plants were cut into small pieces and crushed using a floor-standing con ‐tinuous feed grinder (DF-35, Wenling Linda Machinery, Zhejiang, China).DPPH, ABTS, hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2), rutin, gallic acid and potassium persulfate were purchased from Aladdin (Shanghai, China); Vitamin C was ob ‐tained from Solarbio Science & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Ethylparaben was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Luria-Bertani (LB) broth was purchased from Hopebio (Qingdao, China); E. coli (ATCC 25922), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), and S. aureus (ATCC 25923), were obtained from Huankai Guangzhou Microbial. RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were purchased from the Labora ‐tory Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University (Guang ‐zhou, China).Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Gibco-Thermo Fisher Scientific (Grand Island,NY,Fig.1 Schematic representation of research contents ofBin Hao , Dai Bai Jie and Zhu Ye Lan90第 3 期ZHANG Xuefei, et al: Biological activities and detoxification mechanisms of Clerodendrum chinensevar . simplex, Marsdenia tenacissima and Arundina graminifolia : The Dai antidotesUSA). LPS was purchased from Sigma Chemical (St. Louis, USA). NO Griess reagent was acquired from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α ELISA kits were pur ‐chased from Boster Biological Technology (Wuhan, China). All other reagents were purchased as analyti ‐cal reagent grade and used without further purifica ‐tion.1.2 Extraction of Dai antidotesCrushed Bin Hao , Zhu Ye Lan and Dai Bai Jie were extracted three times with 95% ethanol at a mass-to-volume ratio of 1:10 for 2 h at 98 ℃. The ex ‐tracts were filtered, combined, and evaporated under reduced pressure to obtain crude ethanol extract. The polar extracts were obtained from the corresponding crude extract by successive extraction with the same volume of solvents of increasing polarity: petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n -butanol and distilled water. Then, we obtained the petroleum ether extract (PE), ethyl acetate extract (EE), n -butanol extract (BE) and water extract (WE), respectively.Aqueous decoctions (DE) of the three Dai anti ‐dotes were prepared by mixing 100 g dried Bin Hao , Zhu Ye Lan or Dai Bai Jie with 1 000 mL of distilled water and boiling for 0.5 h and repeat three times. The decoctions were filtered with gauze, combined and concentrated to 50 mL, giving crude Dai anti ‐dotes 2 g/mL.1.3 Determination of total flavonoids contentThe total flavonoids content of the samples was determined as described by Hossain et al.(2011). Briefly, 200 μL of samples, 200 μL of ethanol and 40 μL of w =10% NaNO 2 was mixed and allowed to stand for 7 min. Then, 40 μL of w =5% Al(NO 3)3 solu ‐tion was added. After 7 min, 400 μL of 1 mol/L NaOH and 120 μL ethanol was added to the solution. The absorbance of obtained mixture was measured at 510 nm. In the same way, the standard solution was prepared with rutin in a series of concentration gradi ‐ents, and the standard curve was drawn to calculate the flavonoids content. The total flavonoids content of different extracts was expressed as mg of rutin equivalents per g of dry weight of plant material (mg/g).The linear equation was y = 0.001 69x - 0.011 21 ,and the correlation coefficient R 2 = 0.996.1.4 Determination of total polyphenols contentThe total polyphenols content of Dai antidotes was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent as described by Hossain et al.(2014). Briefly, 0.2 mL of samples, 6 mL of ethanol and 0.5 mL of Folin reagent were mixed to the 10 mL volumetric flask. After 5 min, 1.5 mL of 20% (w ) Na ₂CO ₃ was added,dilute with water to volume and incubated at room temperature for 60 min, then absorbance was mea ‐sured at 765 nm. In the same way, the standard solu ‐tion was prepared with gallic acid in a series of con ‐centration gradients, and the standard curve was drawn to calculate the polyphenols content, the total polyphenols content of different extracts was expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents per g of dry weight of plant material (mg/g).The linear equation was y = 0.037 4x - 0.026 02,and the correlation coefficient R 2 = 0.999 5.1.5 In vitro anti-oxidant activityThe in vitro anti-oxidant activities of different polar extracts and decoctions of the three Dai anti ‐dotes were evaluated based on ability to scavenge DPPH free radicals, ·OH radicals and ABTS radicals, and vitamin C was used as positive control. Absor ‐bance was determined on an ultraviolet spectropho ‐tometer (UV-2600, Techcomp, Shanghai, China).The scavenging effects on DPPH free radical was determined by the method as described by Dong et al (2017) with modifications, 3.0 mL of DPPH(0.1 mmol/L)was intermingled with 1 mL of each sample and allowed to stand at 37 ℃ for 30 min. The absor ‐bance was then measured at 517 nm.The scavenging effects on ·OH was determined based on Fenton's reaction as described by Aquino-Martins et al(de Queiroz et al., 2019) with modifica ‐tions. 1 mL of samples with different concentrations was mixed with 1 mL 9 mmol/L FeSO 4 solution, 9 mmol/L salicylic acid ethanol solution, and 8.8 mmol/L H 2O 2 solution, respectively, and incubated at 37 ℃ for 30 min, then absorbance was measured at 510 nm.The protocol of scavenging effects on ABTS free radical was adapted from Re et al. (1999), ABTS reagent (7.0 mmol/L) was mixed with 2.45 mmol/L potassium persulfate in a volume ratio of 1:1, and al ‐91第 62 卷中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)lowing the mixture to stand in the dark at room tem ‐perature overnight to obtain an ABTS stock solution. Then the ABTS stock solution was diluted with deionized water to obtain ABTS working solution with an absorbance value of 0.70 ± 0.05 at 734 nm. 4.0 mL of ABTS working solution was intermingled with 1 mL of each sample, and incubated at 37 ℃ in dark for 30 min. The absorbance was then measured at 734 nm.The scavenging DPPH, ·OH and ABTS free-radical effect according to the following equationsScavenging effect =(1-A 1-A 2A 0)× 100% ,where A 0 is the absorbance of the control, A 1 is the ab ‐sorbance of the samples, A 2 is the absorbance of the sample background.1.6 In vitro anti-bacterial activityThe anti-bacterial activity of three Dai antidotes were evaluated by determining the MICs, MBCs and ZOI against E. coli , P. aeruginosa and S. aureus , and ethylparaben was used as positive control.The MICs was determined by microtiter broth di ‐lution method. In brief, 100 μL of bacteria suspen ‐sion with the dilution of 1∶10 was inoculated in the 96-well plates, the extracts were diluted serially, then 100 μL of the diluted extracts solutions were added subsequently. The inoculated microplates were incu ‐bated under microaerobic conditions at 37 ℃ for 24 h with shaking (100 r/min). The lowest concentration resulting in no visible growth of tested organisms was recognized as MICs.For determination of MBCs, 10 µL of the bacte ‐rial suspension and sample (which shown no visible growth) inoculated onto the appropriated agar and in ‐cubated at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The lowest concentration that completely prevented microbial growth in LB broth agar was recognized as MBCs.To assess ZOI in an agar diffusion model, 50 μL of bacterial lawns were prepared on a nutrient agar plate using the spread plate method. After soaking the sterile double-layer circular filter paper (diameter 6 mm) in each sample solution for 2 h, the filter paper was removed, dried, and gently put it on the corre ‐sponding position of the plate. Then, these petri dishes were incubated at 37 ℃ for 24 h. Negative controls were DMSO and H 2O. Then, the ZOIdiameter was measured by digital calipers, and was recorded in cm.1.7 In vitro anti-inflammatory activity1.7.1 Cell culture The RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with φ=10% FBS and antibiotics (streptomycin 100 U/mL and penicillin 100 U/mL) in a humidified atmosphere of φ=5% CO 2 at 37 °C.1.7.2 Determination of NO , IL-1β,IL-6, TNF-α production According to the literature (Yan et al., 2021), RAW 264.7 cells, were seeded in 96 well plates at a density of 1 × 104 cells/mL and incubated for 24 h. Then, the cells were incubated with respec ‐tive extracts of three Dai antidotes and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL) for 24 h. The blank control cells were treated with DMEM only. LPS-induced NO pro ‐duction was determined by using Griess reagent, and the absorbance at 540 nm was measured using a micro ‐plate reader (Molecular Devices, Flex Station 3). The generation of IL-1β,IL-6, TNF-α was determined by using ELISA Kit, and the absorbance at 450 nm was measured.1.8 Statistical analysisStatistical analysis were performed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, software version 25.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). A one-way analysis of vari ‐ance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference test were employed to analyze the data.2 Results2.1 The contents of total flavonoids and polyphe ‐nolsAs shown in Fig.2, the contents of total flavo ‐noids in three Dai antidotes (22.41 to 586.40 mg/g) were much higher than that of total polyphenols (2.76 to 28.66 mg/g), and Zhu Ye Lan was higher than Bin Hao and Dai Bai Jie . In general, with the increase polarity of solvents, the total polyphenols and flavonoids content decreased and the contents in decoctions was higher than that of water extracts.2.2 Antioxidant activity2.2.1 Ability to scavenge DPPH radicals All extracts showed dose-dependent DPPH scavenging activity (Fig.3). In the case of Bin Hao , as the con ‐centration increases, extracts with lower polarity showed greater scavenging activity than that higher92第 3 期ZHANG Xuefei, et al: Biological activities and detoxification mechanisms of Clerodendrum chinensevar . simplex, Marsdenia tenacissima and Arundina graminifolia : The Dai antidotespolarity. While, the DE showed the weakest scavenging at every tested concentration (Fig.3a).In the case of Dai Bai Jie , more polar extracts showed less scavenging activity (Fig.3b). The DE showed greater scavenging ability than WE, but lessthan that of EE or BE.In case of Zhu Ye Lan , more polar extracts also showed less scavenging activity (Fig.3c). The DE showed greater scavenging activity than any of the polar extracts.Furthermore, the activity was quantified in terms of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50), the results showed that the scavenging DPPH radicals' ability of Bin Hao alcohol extracts was better than that of the other two Dai antidotes (Table 1). How ‐ever, the scavenging DPPH radicals' ability of Zhu Ye Lan decoction was better than that of Bin Hao or DaiBai Jie . The scavenging DPPH radicals' activity of three Dai antidotes were weaker than vitamin C (IC 50 0.09 mg/mL).2.2.2 Ability to scavenge ·OH radicals Extracts from the three Dai antidotes showed a weak, dose-de ‐pendent scavenging activity of ·OH radicals (Fig.4). In case of Bin Hao , polar extracts anddecoctionFig.2 Contents of total flavonoids and polyphenols in three Dai antidotesFig.3 Ability of various extracts of the Dai antidotes to scavenge DPPH radicals93第 62 卷中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)showed similar scavenging activity (Fig.4a). In the case of Dai Bai Jie , as the polarity increased, the scav ‐enging activity of extracts was decreased (Fig.4b). The scavenging activities of DE and EE were similar. Similarly, in the case of Zhu Ye Lan , greater polarity was associated with weaker scavenging (Fig.4c), and the scavenging activities of DE were also like EE.Comparison of IC 50 values showed that polar ex ‐tracts of the three Dai antidotes scavenged ·OH with similar efficacy (Table 2), which were weaker than vi ‐tamin C (IC 50 0.42 mg/mL). While for WEs and DEs IC 50 values ranged from 0.71 mg/mL for Dai Bai Jie DE to >2 mg/mL for WEs of Zhu Ye Lan and Dai Bai Jie .2.2.3 Ability to scavenge ABTS free radicals All extracts and decoctions of the three Dai anti ‐dotes strongly scavenged ABTS radicals (Fig.5). Scavenging activity differed substantially between extracts of different polarity from the same Dai anti ‐dote, while activity was similar between extracts of similar polarity from different Dai antidotes.Comparison of IC 50 values showed that in general, scavenging strength was greater for Zhu Ye Lan than for the other two Dai antidotes. All the BEs showed the strongest scavenging ability (IC 50<35 μg/mL, Table 3), among which Bin Hao and Zhu Ye Lan showed greater scavenging activity than vitamin C (IC 50 18.18 μg/mL). DEs scavenged more weakly than polar extracts (IC 50>400 μg/mL).2.3 Anti-bacterial activity2.3.1 MICs and MBCs As shown in Table 4, ethylparaben showed good bactericidal effects againstTable 1 Quantitation of DPPH radical scavenging activityby three Dai antidotesmg/mLDai antidote Bin Hao Zhu Ye Lan Dai Bai Jie IC 50PE 0.530.88ND 1)EE 0.480.830.75BE 0.531.011.34WE 0.671.172.55DE 0.860.382.181)Not done.Fig.4 Ability of Dai antidotes to scavenge ·OHTable 2 Quantitation of ·OH scavengingactivity by three Dai antidotesmg/mLDai antidote Bin Hao Zhu Ye Lan Dai Bai Jie IC 50PE 1.010.92ND 1)EE 1.151.090.98BE 1.321.221.09WE 1.402.272.15DE 1.181.190.711)Not done.94第 3 期ZHANG Xuefei, et al: Biological activities and detoxification mechanisms of Clerodendrum chinensevar . simplex, Marsdenia tenacissima and Arundina graminifolia : The Dai antidotesthree bacteria, among which the anti-bacterial activity against E. coli was stronger than P. aeruginosa and S. aureus . All polar extracts of Bin Hao showed bac ‐tericidal effects against the three strains, with activityweakening with greater polarity. They were most effective against E. coli , DE showed bactericidal activity only against E. coli , while WE showed anti-bacterial activity, but no bactericidal effects.All polar extracts of Dai Bai Jie except BE showed bactericidal effect against only E. coli (Table 5). BE had the strongest anti-bacterial effects against all three bacteria, while DE showed no bactericidaleffect against any of them.Zhu Ye Lan extracts also showed stronger effects against E. coli than the other two bacteria (Table 6). All polar extracts showed bactericidal effect against E.Fig.5 Ability of Dai antidotes to scavenge ABTS radicalsTable 3 Quantitation of ABTS radical scavenging activity by three Dai antidotesμg/mLDai antidote Bin Hao Zhu Ye Lan Dai Bai JieIC 50PE 45.9545.57ND 1)EE 38.2870.60126.9BE 9.53917.4533.15WE 108.465.46143.3DE 1523445.6174 81)Not done.Table 4 MICs and MBCs of ethylparaben and Bin Hao extracts against three bacteria 1)mg/mL 1) "-":Not detected.95第 62 卷中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)coli, while PE also showed bactericidal effect against P.aeruginosa, and EE and BE also showed bacteri‐cidal effect against S. aureus. DE did not show bacte‐ricidal effect against any of the bacteria.The inhibitory effect of all three Dai antidotes to E. coli was better than that of the other two strains. Bin Hao and Zhu Ye Lan had similarly effective, while Dai Bai Jie was less effective.WEs and DEs showed the weakest anti-bacterial activity.All the three Dai antidotes showed weaker anti-bacterial activity than that of the positive control.2.3.2 Zones of inhibitions The ZOIs for different Dai antidotes and extracts generally mirrored the trends observed with MICs and MBCs (Fig.6). Anti-bacterial effect was stronger against E.coli than the other two bacteria, and DEs showed negligible anti-bacterial effect.2.4 Anti-inflammatory activityAll the three Dai antidotes inhibited NO,TNF-α, IL-1β or IL-6 production in at low extract concentra‐tion of 60 μg/mL(Fig.7) .The inhibition effect of Bin Hao on NO production was stronger than Dai Bai Jie and Zhu Ye Lan.The greater polarity of Dai Bai Jie and Zhu Ye Lan was associated with weaker inhibi‐tion of NO production, EE of Dai Bai Jie and PE/EE of Zhu Ye Lan significantly inhibited the production of NO((Fig.7a).As shown in Fig.7b, greater polarity of Bin Hao extracts was associated with stronger inhibition: WE and DE suppressed production by nearly 70%, whereas BE caused negligible inhibition. As for Dai Bai Jie, all extracts significantly inhibited the produc‐tion of TNF-α.While DE of Zhu Ye Lan negligibly inhibited TNF-α production.As displayed in Fig 7c, EE, BE and DE from Bin Hao inhibited IL-1β production by nearly 80%, while PE and WE inhibited it by approximately 70%. Extracts of Dai Bai Jie showed weaker inhibition: DE, BE, EE and WE inhibited production by 60% -80%. In contrast, extracts of Zhu Ye Lan reduced IL-1β production to nearly undetectable levels.All extracts and decoctions of all three Dai anti‐dotes strongly inhibited IL-6 production (Fig.7d). In the case of Bin Hao,inhibition increased with polar‐ity, with inhibition ranging from 60% to 100%. Simi‐larly, inhibition by extracts from Dai Bai Jie or Zhu Ye Lan was greater with greater polarity, with inhibi‐tion ranging from 80% to 100%.3 DiscussionOxidative stress has been associated with various diseases(de Queiroz et al., 2019), and many drugs ex‐ert therapeutic effects by scavenging free radicals. DPPH, ·OH and ABTS free radical scavenging assay are commonly used to evaluate antioxidant activity. Among them, DPPH and ABTS assay are simple, but the chemical properties of DPPH and ABTS free radi‐cal are quite different from the biological environ‐Table 5 MICs and MBCs of Dai Bai Jie extracts against three bacteria 1)mg/mL 1) "-":Not detected.Table 6 MICs and MBCs of Zhu Ye Lan extracts against three bacteria 1)mg/mL 1) "-":Not detected.96第 3 期ZHANG Xuefei, et al: Biological activities and detoxification mechanisms of Clerodendrum chinensevar . simplex, Marsdenia tenacissima and Arundina graminifolia : The Dai antidotesment. ·OH as a common free radical in organism me ‐tabolism, which is more close to physiological charac ‐teristics (Dong et al., 2017). Therefore, we compre ‐hensively evaluated the antioxidant activity of three Dai antidotes by investigating their scavenging ability on DPPH, ·OH and ABTS free radicals. The results suggested that the three Dai antidotes showed dose-dependent ability to scavenge DPPH, ·OH and ABTS radicals. They scavenged ABTS radicals most effec ‐tively. These results suggested that anti-oxidation may help explain the clinical benefits of Dai antidotes.Infections, such as those involving the bacteria E. coli , P. aeruginosa and S. aureus , can cause a range of health problems ( Wang et al., 2021). Many medicines can inhibit bacterial growth. Here we showed that the three Dai antidotes, at least at higher extract concentrations, showed some anti-bacterial ac ‐tivity against the three pathogenic strains. This ac ‐tivity was stronger when extracts were less polar. Most WEs and DEs did not show bactericidal effects. The relative inefficacy of the Dai antidotes may reflect low intrinsic bactericidal activity, as well as the presence of sugars in the extracts, which may aid bacterial growth. We conclude that the observed detoxifying effects of the Dai antidotes are not due primarily to anti-bacterial effects.The signaling molecule NO mediates and regu ‐lates inflammatory responses (Yin et al., 2019), while the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 can lead to tissue damage when their levels become excessive or remain chronically high. Using bacterial LPS to stimulate the production of NO and these cyto ‐kines (Gao et al., 2020), we found that all three Dai antidotes inhibited their production. NO production was inhibited most strongly by Bin Hao , while IL-1β production was inhibited most strongly by Zhu Ye Lan . The inhibition of three Dai antidotes against IL-6 production were similar. These results mayimplyFig.6 Inhibition zone assay to assess anti-bacterial activity of various Dai antidotes97第 62 卷中山大学学报(自然科学版)(中英文)that the detoxifying effects of Dai antidotes is related to their anti-inflammatory activity.As polyphenols and flavonoids have significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The re ‐sults showed that with the increase of polarity the con ‐tents decreased, which was correlated with the antioxi ‐dant and anti-inflammatory activities of three Dai anti ‐dotes. These results suggested that Dai antidotes may have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities by containing more polyphenols and flavonoids.4 ConclusionsOur analysis of the commonly used Dai antidotes showed that all three were effective at scavenging radi ‐cals of DPPH,·OH and ABTS, as well as inhibiting the production of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 by macrophages in response to LPS trigger. However, the Dai antidotes showed weak bactericidal activity against Gram-positive or -negative bacteria. We found that the anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the Dai antidotes depended on the polarity of the solvent used to extract them. In addition, the contents of total flavonoids and total poly ‐phenols in three Dai antidotes were correlated with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. These re ‐sults may also pave the way for the study of compo ‐nents in Dai antidotes and related in-depth research. Our results begin to provide a modern scientific per ‐spective on the clinical efficacy of Dai medicines, and they provide a guide for future studies to optimize the extraction of active compounds from Dai antidotes and other medicines. Ultimately, these studies should ex ‐amine the safety, efficacy and mechanisms of action of Dai medicines in preclinical models.AcknowledgementsWe thanks to Mrs. Yanfang Lin, Chief Expert of Dai Medicine and Mrs. Xiaohua Li from School of Tradi ‐tional Dai-Thai Medicine, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences for identification of plant material.References:de QUEIROZ AQUINO -MARTINS V G , MOURA de MELOL F , PEREIRA SILVA L M , et al , 2019. In vitro antioxi ‐dant , anti -biofilm , and solar protection activities ofMelocactus zehntneri (Britton & Rose ) Pulp extract [J ]. Antioxidants , 8(10):439.DONG Y R , CHENG S J , QI G H , et al , 2017. Antimicro‐***P <0.001 vs . cultures treated only with LPS.Fig.7 Ability of Dai antidotes to inhibit the production of NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-698。
基于解毒文献整理的傣医雅解药理研究思路探讨及“雅解沙把”解“烟毒”及“食物毒”的实验研究
基于解毒文献整理的傣医雅解药理研究思路探讨及“雅解沙把”解“烟毒”及“食物毒”的实验研究目的:(1)在文献研究的基础上探讨用现代药理学方法进行傣医解药有效性评价的研究思路及方法,为今后民族药的药理学实验研究提供借鉴。
(2)用实验药理学的方法考察“雅解沙把”解“食物毒”及解“烟毒”的作用。
方法:(1)通过文献整理、对比的方法,梳理西医学、中医学、中国主要少数民族医学的解毒理论及代表解毒药物、分析它们对“毒”认识的异同。
(2)用腹腔注射蛋黄乳的方法建立高脂血症小鼠模型,用尾静脉注入四氧嘧啶的方法复制小鼠糖耐量异常模型,用卵蛋白复制小鼠过敏模型,考察“雅解沙把”对相应模型小鼠血脂、血糖、小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应强度及血清Ig E水平的影响。
(3)通过腹腔注射烟碱致小鼠急性中毒死亡的方法,考察预先给予“雅解沙把”对小鼠尼古丁急性中毒死亡有无保护作用。
结果:(1)通过文献分析研究,提出了对傣医解药有效性评价的实验研究思路及解毒方法的8个切入点。
(2)“雅解沙把”可降低高脂血症小鼠模型的血清TC和TG值,对正常小鼠葡萄糖的耐受量无明显影响,对糖耐量异常小鼠血糖值仅有降低的趋势,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),可降低OVA所致的小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应的强度和血清Ig E含量。
(3)预先给予“雅解沙把”对腹腔注射烟碱致急性中毒所致的小鼠死亡率和对照组比较无影响。
结论:(1)对傣医解药按照我们对雅解理论的理解,采用针对特定毒素的解毒作用和针对非特异性毒素的解毒作用两种思路,从8个切入点进行药理学实验研究是可行的。
(2)对蛋黄乳所致小鼠急性高脂血症模型,“雅解沙把”(3.51g/㎏)能使模型小鼠TG降低,“雅解沙把”(0.39g/㎏)能使模型小鼠TC降低,提示其能解高脂所致的“食物毒”,但对高糖所致的“食物毒”无明显作用。
(3)“雅解沙把”(3.51g/㎏)能降低卵蛋白诱导的小鼠同种被动皮肤过敏血清的OD值和Ig E。
傣药“雅解沙把”对大鼠慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用
傣药“雅解沙把”对大鼠慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用郭沛鑫;李奕融;郑进;陈普;张超【摘要】目的:探讨傣药“雅解沙把”对大鼠慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用。
方法选择SD大鼠32只,随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、“雅解沙把”低剂量组、“雅解沙把”高剂量组,每组8只。
除空白对照组外,其余三组采用乙醇灌胃法(连续12周)建立慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤模型。
造模第2周开始,“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组分别给予“雅解沙把”水提液灌胃(含“雅解沙把”生药分别为0.27、2.43 g/kg),空白对照组及模型对照组等量蒸馏水灌胃,每日1次。
末次灌胃2 h,采用毛细管眶内取血,检测血清巨噬细胞趋化蛋白1(MCP-1)。
取血后处死大鼠,取胃组织,测量胃溃疡面积,计算溃疡指数;制作胃组织切片,HE染色,光镜下观察胃黏膜组织病理变化。
结果空白对照组无胃溃疡形成。
模型对照组及“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组均有胃溃疡形成,模型对照组胃溃疡面积及溃疡指数明显高于“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组(P<0.05或<0.01),“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组比较差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。
组织病理切片观察发现,“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组胃黏膜损伤程度明显轻于模型对照组,“雅解沙把”高剂量组胃黏膜损伤程度低于“雅解沙把”低剂量组,但差别不大。
空白对照组血清MCP-1水平为(472.33±96.11)pg/mL,模型对照组为(676.55±157.92)pg/mL,“雅解沙把”低剂量组为(348.58±55.58)pg/mL,“雅解沙把”高剂量组为(350.58±93.77)pg/mL。
模型对照组血清MCP-1水平明显高于其余三组(P均<0.01),“雅解沙把”低、高剂量组及空白对照组两两比较差异均无统计学意义( P均>0.05)。
结论傣药“雅解沙把”对大鼠慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤具有保护作用;其作用机制可能与降低血清MCP-1水平有关。
傣医解药“雅解沙把”抗过敏作用的实验研究及治疗湿疹的临床观察
傣医解药“雅解沙把”抗过敏作用的实验研究及治疗湿疹的临床观察目的:通过动物实验研究了解“雅解沙把”抗过敏作用,初步探讨“雅解沙把”治疗过敏性疾病的作用机理;并通过临床观察进一步验证该药治疗湿疹的疗效,为该药临床治疗过敏性疾病提供理论依据。
方法:实验研究:1.将致敏大鼠的血清(内含丰富IgE抗体)皮内注射于正常小鼠耳廓内,建立小鼠耳异种被动皮肤过敏(PCA)动物模型,测定光密度;2.用组胺致豚鼠局部瘙痒法,观察出现豚鼠回头舔擦伤时所给予的磷酸组胺总量;3.用2,4-二硝基氟苯(DNFB)致小鼠Ⅳ型变态反应,观察小鼠耳廓肿胀度。
临床研究:按病例纳入标准选择湿疹患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组患者30例。
分别给以“雅解沙把”和氯雷他定片,2周为1疗程,观察两个疗程,并在每个疗程后记录治疗前后瘙痒程度、皮损形态及皮损面积的表现与积分,同时在治疗过程中对试验药物进行安全性评价。
结果:实验研究结果表明:1.“雅解沙把”高、低剂量组能显著抑制小鼠异种被动皮肤过敏反应,P<0.01,表明“雅解沙把”对I型变态反应有抑制作用。
2.“雅解沙把”高、低剂量组磷酸组织胺豚鼠的致痒阈显著高于模型组致痒阈,P<0.01,表明“雅解沙把”具有显著的局部止痒效果。
3.“雅解沙把”高剂量组能显著抑制DNFB所致小鼠皮肤迟发性超敏反应引起的耳廓肿胀度,P<0.05,表明“雅解沙把”能够抑制小鼠皮肤迟发型变态反应。
临床观察结果显示:两个疗程后治疗组30例中痊愈12例,显效11例,有效4例,无效3例,总有效率76.7%;对照组30例中痊愈14例,显效10例,有效4例,无效2例,总有效率80%,两组疗效差异无显著(P>0.05)。
不良反应:治疗组无任何不良反应,对照组有2例出现乏力、头痛、口干,但能忍受,停药后消失。
结论动物实验研究提示:傣医解药“雅解沙把”有效对抗Ⅰ、Ⅳ型变态反应作用;具有抗过敏作用;“雅解沙把”的解毒作用与抗变态反应的作用相关。
傣医解法应用方法解析
傣医解法应用方法解析郭世民;倪凯;高敏;杨丽萍;金锦;俞永琼【摘要】雅解方药是傣族医药的主要思想和方法之一.几千年来傣族人在应用"解药"方面总结了许多的经验,认为解药具有调节人体的生理功能,解除人体的各种毒素,保持体内"四塔"(风、火、水、土)、"五蕴"(色、识、受、想、行)功能的平衡和协调,解毒养颜之功.解药是傣族医学不可分割的重要组成部分,它在疾病的防治中起了重要的作用.其特点是"未病先解、先解后治、同解同治".【期刊名称】《云南中医中药杂志》【年(卷),期】2015(036)011【总页数】3页(P83-85)【关键词】解药;动态平衡;未病先解;先解后治;同解同治【作者】郭世民;倪凯;高敏;杨丽萍;金锦;俞永琼【作者单位】云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000;云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000;云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000;云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000;云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000;云南省中医中药研究院,云南昆明650000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R29傣族医药中的解药理论及其方法是傣医防病治病理法方药主要组成部分之一,傣族医药的解药理论在其形成和发展过程亦结合传统中医药因时因地制宜的理念与方法。
傣医认为体内之四塔应与外界的四塔保持动态平衡的状态[1],并随四时气候而变化,以维持正常的生理活动。
一旦,人之生命活动和四塔变化无法适应季节的改变,二者失去相对的平衡状态,就会发生病理变化,产生疾病。
傣医将此类疾病称之为“季节病”,并用辨季节病的方法进行诊疗、预防。
如热季,天气炎热,火塔偏盛,当生存条件变化时,机体可以通过调节体内的水(血)塔来维持平衡。
但是一旦超过机体所能承受的范围,就会出现伤及水(血)塔的病理改变,而易患热性疾病。
临床症见头目昏胀、口干舌燥、烦燥易怒、发热等;再根据发病时节就诊断为热季病,应选用性凉而解毒、凉血除风之药,来泻火塔、补水(血)塔,以维持四塔的平衡。
试论傣医特色雅解理论解食物毒内涵
试论傣医特色雅解理论解食物毒内涵作者:李琼超郑进程颖郭太品李玉霞张超来源:《云南中医中药杂志》2017年第07期摘要:傣医“雅解”理论是傣医理论体系的特色理论,解“食物毒”是“雅解”理论的重要组成部分。
通过对解“食物毒”的概念、分类、病因病机、治疗原则及方法进行系统阐述,对于丰富和发展特色“雅解”理论及解“食物毒”内涵具有重要意义,并为临床运用提供理论依据。
关键词:解“食物毒”;雅解理论;四塔;五蕴中图分类号:R29文献标志码:A文章编号:1007-2349(2017)07-0068-02傣医学是傣族人民在两千多年的生活和医疗实践中形成以“四塔”、“五蕴”为核心,“三盘”学说、“雅解”学说、“风病论”等为理论特色的一门学科,其中,傣医“雅解”理论最具特色,包括“未病先解、先解后治”的核心内容及“雅解”方药[1],而解“食物毒”是“雅解”理论的重要组成部分。
傣医解“食物毒”历史悠久,大量傣医药经书和文献中均有散在记述,并在临床实践中应用广泛。
如医祖龚麻腊别用文尚海(百样解)解“食物毒”;《阿皮踏麻基干比》、《罗格牙坦》、《档哈雅龙》等傣族医学文献记载医学大师腊西达菲创立“雅给”方解“食物毒”;2000多年前傣族地区已经运用“雅解”(百解片)解“食物毒”[2]。
20世纪七十年代,云南民族医药工作者开始收集、整理和研究傣医药[2],解“食物毒”受到广泛关注。
深入研究傣医解“食物毒”,有助于全面认识“雅解”理论及解“食物毒”提供坚实的理论基础。
1傣医“食物毒”的概念“食物毒”在傣医药经书和文献中只有病名或者症状,尚无明确规范性概念。
在2007年的国家中医药管理局21世纪傣医本科教育规划教材《傣医临床学》中将“食物毒”做出规范定义[3]:“食物毒”是指因饮食不洁(节),误食禁忌或误食有毒食物或过食等各种原因导致“四塔”、“五蕴”的失衡,毒邪内蕴,内伤脏腑而发病。
临床表现包括消化道系统症状、皮肤系统症状、呼吸系统症状及全身症状等,如恶心,呕吐,腹痛,腹泻,四肢及口舌发麻,口唇、指端青紫,皮肤瘙痒,皮肤疔疮,斑疹,心悸,头痛,头昏,呼吸困难,抽搐,甚至死亡等。
傣药雅解沙把对高脂血症小鼠降脂作用研究
傣药雅解沙把对高脂血症小鼠降脂作用研究目的:观察雅解沙把对蛋黄乳致高脂血症小鼠血清的总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL–C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL–C)的影响。
方法:健康ICR小鼠100只,随机分为5组:正常对照组、模型组、辛伐他丁阳性组(0.02g/kg)、雅解沙把高剂量组、雅解沙把低剂量组。
除正常组、模型组灌胃给予相同体积蒸馏水外,其余组灌胃给予相应药物。
蛋黄乳剂复制小鼠高脂血症模型,观察小鼠血清TC、TG、HDL–C、LDL–C水平变化。
结果:与模型组比较,雅解沙把组能显著降低小鼠血清TC、TG水平。
结论:雅解沙把对高脂血症模型小鼠具有一定的降血脂作用。
标签:傣药;雅解沙把;高脂血症;解脂毒傣医认为“雅解(解药)”具有调节人体生理功能、解除人体的各种毒素、保持体内功能的平衡和协调的功效。
雅解,即解药之意,是傣医常用的特色药物之一,是傣族医学中最具特色的药物及治疗方法之一,已成为傣族医学体系中的重要组成部分[1]。
在长期医疗实践经验的积累过程中,傣族人民发现上百种解除各种毒物及有害物质的药物及方剂,统称为“雅解”[2]。
雅解方药在临床应用十分广泛[3]。
“解药”在傣族地区具有使用面广、疗效较好、家喻户晓、历史悠久的特点,从古至今,在傣族民间家家都备有不同的“解药”。
几千年来傣族人在应用“解药”方面总结了许多的经验,认为解药具有调节人体的生理功能,解除人体的各种毒素,保持体内“四塔”(风、火、水、土)、“五蕴”(色、识、受、想、行)功能的平衡和协调,解毒养颜之功[4]。
“未病先解”、“先解后治”是傣医独特的治疗疾病的“解毒”理论,是历代傣医经过长期的临床探索与实践的经验总结[5]。
通过实地调研、收集、整理西双版纳州傣医院等单位进行的初步临床研究,结果表明:雅解沙把有解食物毒、药物毒、酒毒、烟毒、毒虫毒、热毒等作用。
本实验在傣医雅解理论的指导下,主要是以蛋黄乳复制急性高脂血症模型为研究对象,拟探讨“雅解沙把”对蛋黄乳所致小鼠脂毒是否有解毒的作用,为其解毒机制研究奠定基础,以期为临床安全、合理用药提供理论依据,同时为雅解理论及雅解临床应用提供实验依据。
傣药“雅解沙把”增强肝脏解毒功能的机制研究的开题报告
傣药“雅解沙把”增强肝脏解毒功能的机制研究的开题报告题目:傣药“雅解沙把”增强肝脏解毒功能的机制研究摘要:本项目旨在研究傣药“雅解沙把”对肝脏解毒功能的影响及其机制。
通过动物实验,观察不同剂量“雅解沙把”对大鼠肝脏解毒酶活性的影响,以及对肝组织中谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的影响。
同时,进行体外细胞实验,分析“雅解沙把”对肝脏细胞中代谢酶CYP450的影响及其信号转导机制。
预计通过本项目研究,可以揭示“雅解沙把”推动肝脏解毒代谢的分子机制,为傣药中肝脏治疗的进一步研究提供科学依据。
关键词:雅解沙把;肝脏解毒;GSH;CYP450;信号转导。
一、研究背景及目的肝脏是体内最重要的解毒器官,能够通过代谢、转运及排泄等途径将有害物质转化并排出体外。
其中,肝脏酶系统是关键环节,包括细胞色素P450(CYP450)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)等多种酶。
这些酶的活性和表达水平直接影响着肝脏解毒能力。
而“雅解沙把”是传统傣药中应用于肝脏疾病的一种草药。
现有研究表明,其含有多种生理活性成分,能够增强肝脏解毒酶活性,改善肝脏代谢能力。
但具体其作用机制目前还缺乏深入的研究。
本项目旨在通过动物实验和体外细胞实验,探讨“雅解沙把”对肝脏解毒酶活性和信号转导的影响,以及与谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量的关系,揭示其作用机制,为傣药中肝脏治疗的进一步研究提供科学依据。
二、研究内容和方法1.动物实验大鼠分为对照组和“雅解沙把”干粉组、提取液组、浸膏组,在灌胃不同剂量“雅解沙把”后,观察肝脏内GST、GSH等酶的活性及蛋白表达水平的变化。
2.体外细胞实验人肝脏细胞系包括L02和HepG2,利用实时荧光法和Western blot技术,分析“雅解沙把”对细胞中CYP450酶活性和蛋白表达的影响,以及通过细胞信号转导分析技术(Western blot和实时荧光)探讨其作用机制。
三、预期结果1.观察到不同剂量的“雅解沙把”可通过提高肝脏的GST和GSH活性,增强肝脏解毒能力。
论特色傣药“雅解”(解药)
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苦冬瓜抗氧化作用研究 苦冬瓜(Chinese Waxgourd Semen )为双子叶植 物药葫芦科植物冬瓜的种子。在傣族传统特色 “雅解”药中,冬瓜籽称为苦冬瓜,是多种单方 或复方解药的重要药物之一。用于痰热咳嗽,肺 痈,肠痈,淋病,水肿,脚气,痔疮,鼻面酒皶。 苦冬瓜提取物有效成分的初步鉴定,含有的酚类、 皂苷、有机酸等成分。
[2] 王雪梅,张建胜,戴云等. 旱莲草总黄酮的提取及其体外抗氧化活 性研究[J].时珍国医国药(已录用).
[3] 王雪梅,张建胜,高云涛等.姜黄素体外清除活性氧自由基及抗氧 化作用研究[J].食品工业科技(已录用) [4] 王雪梅,张建胜,高云涛等.灯盏花素体外清除活性氧自由基及抗 氧化作用研究[J].中国民族医药杂志(已录用) [5] 王雪梅,张建胜,高云涛等.中学化学合作学习按例[J]云南教育 (中学教师),2007(35)12:28-29. [6] 张建胜,王雪梅,高云涛等.伸筋草提取物体外清除活性氧自由基 及抗氧化作用研究[J].云南中医中药杂志,2008,29,(3):39-40.
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傣医“雅解”(解药)及其应用研究进展
解药在临床上应用广泛,玉波罕“珂指出“雅解”的作用具有分解、中和体内的毒素,排毒解 毒、解除食物中毒和药物中毒及其它物质所致的各种不良反应,提高人体免疫力,以达调节四塔 功能平衡,防御、解除疾病之目的。 3.4。雅解”理论临床应用的研究 根据“未病先解,先解后治”的治疗原则,解药被广泛的应用于各种疾病中,目前对其主要
……………………第四届嚣公河次区埔传统医药交漉会论文豢……………………
包括两方面的含义:一是指由于精神因素所导致体内“四塔、五蕴”功能失调而发生的各种疾病, 而这类疾病的发生则应予心理调治为主。二是指精神因素所致的疾病以外的各种疾病。脚“雅解” 理论以四塔、五蕴理论为指导,以解除体内毒素、调节四塔功能为主要目的,其核心内容包括“未 病先解,先解后治”和“雅解”方药的应用。在疾病尚未发生之前,通过解药的预防和干预,解
有类似中医的清热解毒及解热等作用。 3.2“雅解”解毒途径的研究
“毒”,傣医认为是指饮食不洁,服药不当或各种原因引起的轻度或中度中毒症状,如汗出 乏力,头昏眼花,心烦欲呕,腹部不适,腹痛腹泻等。川傣医的“‘毒’害人体论”认为人食五 谷杂粮、瓜果、蔬菜、烟酒,这些饮食物除了滋养初体的成份外,过食过量也是一种毒素;另外, 环境污染、药物的不良反应、动物叮咬、食用有毒物质或各种原因过敏都可使毒素进入人体体内。 在健康情况下,这些毒素可通过机体的正常代谢功能将其分解排除,也可以通过机体内五脏六腑 时时排除小毒,但过多则会留滞于体内而致病。名老傣医波温囡(已故)认为,人体发生疾病是因 为自然界的外毒或内毒素而致“三盘”不通(f也把人体划分为三个部分,称为“三盘”即上盘:心
为了排除这些毒邪,傣医创立了“解药”。隅 解药有热解、温解、凉解、平解之分,按方剂分可分为单方和复方,按剂型分可分为水磨剂、 散、片、煎、擦、胶囊、洗剂等。“01明全忠等嘲按解药的药物分为5类:①解除食物毒性类药物; ②解除毒动物叮咬中毒类药物;③解除药物毒性及药物作用类药物;④解热类药物;⑤其他类药
傣药“雅解沙把”联合胃三联治疗Hp相关性胃炎的临床疗效观察
傣药“雅解沙把”联合胃三联治疗Hp相关性胃炎的临床疗效观察目的:本课题通过观察治疗前后患者症状、Hp感染情况及不良反应发生情况,评价傣药“雅解沙把”对“丽珠维三联”治疗Hp相关性胃炎的增效减毒作用。
方法:课题采用临床开放试验研究,纳入符合傣医“接崩短皇”诊断标准的Hp相关性胃炎患者74例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组36人,对照组38人。
对照组服用抗幽门螺杆菌(Hp)常用西药:丽珠维三联(枸橼酸铋钾片+克拉霉素片+替硝唑片),治疗组在丽珠维三联治疗的基础上加服傣药“雅解沙把”胶囊。
两组均以10天作为一疗程,经治疗10天后,分别观察并记录:(1)两组患者治疗前后的症状评分;(2)两组患者的舌苔变化;(3)两组患者治疗过程中出现的不良反应;(4)治疗组患者治疗前后的安全性指标。
4周后复查Hp感染情况,观察两组患者的Hp根除率。
结果:1.治疗10天后治疗组的症状总积分、胃脘痞满及大便硬结难下症状积分明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
2.治疗10天后两组患者的舌苔分布比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
3.治疗后“接崩短皇”的主要症状胃脘部疼痛、消谷善饥、胃中嘈杂、恶心呕吐的组间比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
4.治疗组Hp根除率为75.0%,与对照组Hp根除率65.8%比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
5.用药后治疗组的安全性指标皆未出现明显异常。
比较两组治疗期间不良反应的发生率(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。
结论:1.Hp相关性胃炎患者中“接崩短皇”者男性明显多于女性。
2.与单独使用三联疗法的患者相比联合使用雅解沙把的患者,胃脘撑胀及大便硬结难下的症状有更明显改善,而胃脘部疼痛、消谷善饥、胃中嘈杂、恶心呕吐等其它主要症状两组间比较则无显著差异。
3.经过根除Hp治疗后,联用“雅解沙把”干预的患者飘林勒(黄苔)消退效果明显优于单纯使用丽珠维三联组。
傣医“雅解”发展与应用
傣医“雅解”发展与应用[摘要]“雅解”为傣语,意译为解药,是傣族医学理论的重要组成部分,“雅解”理论的核心内容是“未病先解、先解后治“。
“雅解”适应面广,作用确切,在疾病的防治中起着重要的作用。
特别是对肝病、消化系统疾病、代谢性疾病、皮肤病等均有肯定的疗效。
系统地收集、整理、研究傣医“雅解”,是发展傣族“雅解”理论及开发新药的重要内容。
该文主要就雅解的概况及雅解药物研究进展情况作小结,并对雅解的发展提出了意见。
[关键词]雅解;研究;发展傣药是指在傣医理论指导下,具有预防、治疗和诊断作用的原生药、原料药和药品的总称。
它包括了植物药、动物药、矿物药和其他类药。
1983年,国家确定傣医药为中国四大民族医药之一,要求加以发掘、继承、整理和提高。
傣族传统医药是以“四塔五蕴”为理论核心,“三盘”、“雅解”学说、风病论等理论特色的民族医药学。
雅解,即解药之意,是摩雅傣(傣医)常用的特色药物之一,是傣族医学中最具特色的药物及治疗方法之一,已成为傣族医学体系中的重要组成部分。
傣族医学对于解药的认识、应用积累了丰富的临床经验,至今已发现、创造了上百种解除各种毒物及有害物质的药物及方剂。
本文本着实用、科学和尊重民族文化的原则,对傣药“雅解”与美容健体进行研究。
1雅解的主要功能及分类“解药”,傣语称之为YaGei(“雅给”或“雅解”),文献记载为“解毒药”、“解药”或“解性药”,英文名为Antidoie。
狭义的“解药”包括解除食物毒性、解除毒性动物叮咬中毒、解除毒热、解除药物毒性、解除药物作用5个方面。
广义的“解药”系指解除人体因饮食不洁,误食禁忌或起居失常,劳欲过度而致的各种疾病;同时有解除虫、兽、毒蛇、蜈蚣、蜂蛰等所致的各种疾病,有类似中医的清热解毒及解热等作用。
“雅解”的功能具有分解、中和体内的毒素,排毒解毒、解除食物中毒和药物中毒及其他物质所致的各种不良反应,以达调节“四塔”平衡、解除疾病为目的。
适应证为患者在其他地方接受过治疗,出现误诊误治或药物过量所产生的不良反应,或生活误食或过食禁忌而致体内四塔失调,轻则恶心欲吐、胃脘不适,重则上吐下泻、不省人事、危及生命等中毒反应。
傣药雅解沙把解药物毒作用的研究
傣药雅解沙把解药物毒作用的研究段小花;郑进;王辉;李秀芳;代蓉;淤泽溥【期刊名称】《云南中医中药杂志》【年(卷),期】2013(034)010【摘要】目的选用主要在肝脏代谢灭活的洋地黄毒苷,观察"雅解沙把"对小鼠洋地黄毒苷半数致死量(LD50)的影响.方法以主要在肝脏代谢灭活的洋地黄毒苷为研究对象,观察预先给予"雅解沙把"(3.51g/kg)后,小鼠洋地黄毒苷LD50的变化,以了解"雅解沙把"是否能够加速洋地黄毒苷的肝脏代谢而降低洋地黄毒苷的毒性.结果洋地黄毒苷小鼠24 h内1次性灌胃给药,LD50为28.8718 mg/kg;雅解沙把按3.51g 生药/kg/天连续灌胃给予7 d,第8 d时洋地黄毒苷小鼠24 h内1次性灌胃给药,LD50为34.9523 mg/kg.结论给"雅解沙把"(3.51g/kg)后,小鼠洋地黄毒苷LD50增大,提示"雅解沙把"有一定的解药物毒作用.【总页数】3页(P56-58)【作者】段小花;郑进;王辉;李秀芳;代蓉;淤泽溥【作者单位】云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500;云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500;云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500;云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500;云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500;云南中医学院,云南,昆明,650500【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R285.5【相关文献】1.傣药雅解沙把对高脂血症小鼠降脂作用研究2.傣药雅解沙把(百解胶囊)的研究概况3.傣药雅解沙把、雅罕唉喃合用治疗唉贺皇(慢性支气管炎)疗效观察4.傣药雅解沙把(百解胶囊)治疗尿崩证1例5.傣药“雅解沙把”对大鼠慢性酒精性胃黏膜损伤的保护作用因版权原因,仅展示原文概要,查看原文内容请购买。
傣药雅朋勒和雅解沙把治疗接崩(慢性胃炎)的临床效果观察
傣药雅朋勒和雅解沙把治疗接崩(慢性胃炎)的临床效果观察【摘要】目的:探讨傣药雅朋勒、雅解沙把治疗慢性胃炎的临床干预效果。
方法:选取2022年2月-2023年2月期间我科收治134例慢性胃炎患者作为本研究对象。
所有患者使用雅朋勒(健胃止痛胶囊)、雅解沙把(百解胶囊)进行内服进行干预,治疗时间为1个月,对于患者的情况进行总结。
结果:134例患者中,50例患者得到治愈,另外74例患者情况好转;其余患者情况并未好转;治疗有效率高达92.54%。
结论:针对慢性胃炎患者的进行治疗,雅朋勒、雅解沙把能够发挥一定的治疗效果,傣药经典方剂,临床疗效显著,临床风险小,独具特色,易于推广。
【关键词】傣药;雅解沙把;雅朋勒;接崩(慢性胃炎)接崩(慢性胃炎)是傣医临床是比较常见一种疾病,傣族医学针对慢性胃炎的干预技术也以药物干预为主,而其使用的一些药物,傣医传统治疗的药方有雅解沙把(百解胶囊)、雅朋勒(健胃止痛胶囊)等。
傣医“未病先解、先解后治”理论,即便在现代药理学的视域下也被证实具备一定的抗炎效果[1]。
针对慢性胃炎患者的治疗有一定的作用,该药物被作为一些干预胃部疾病的药方,在临床中应用内服雅解沙把、傣药雅朋勒治疗慢性胃炎患者的临床疗效较为显著。
然而,本文探讨傣药雅朋勒、雅解沙把治疗慢性胃炎患者的临床干预效果进行分析。
1一般资料和方法1.1一般资料选取2022年2月-2023年2月期间我科收治134例慢性胃炎患者作为研究对象。
其中,慢性胃炎病症病程处于1-5年的患者为73例、处于6-10年的患者人数为56例、其余患者高达10年。
患者年龄划分:25-30岁患者人数:67例、31-40岁患者人数:60例、41-60岁患者:7例。
1.2疾病诊断依据1.2.1 患者胃部出现隐痛或胀痛,饭后或空腹或遇寒(热)发作或加剧,伴有厌食或饮食不佳,呃逆频频或嗳气,恶心呕吐。
1.2.2 有习哈双龙(急性胃肠炎)病史,因平时饮食不规律。
1.2.3 胃液分析:B型胃炎胃酸分泌一般正常,A型胃炎胃酸分必降低。
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给予洋地黄毒苷 , 给药体积均 为 0 . 2 mL / 1 0 g体 重 , 密 切观察
1 2 h 。以后每天上 、 下午各观察 一次 , 连续观察 1 4 d , 每天观察 各组小 鼠的 外 观、 行为和毒性反应, 并 记 录 各 组 小 鼠 的死 亡数 。 2 . 3 预先给予“ 雅解沙把” 后洋地 黄毒苷 L D s o 测 定 雅解沙 把按 3 . 5 1 g 生药/ k g / d连续灌 胃给予 7 d , 第 8 d再给予洋地
傣医认为“ 雅解 ( 解药 ) ” 具 有调 节人体 生理 功能 、 解除 人
取合格昆明种小 鼠 9 6只, 雌 雄各 半 , 按 体重 随机 分 为 8 组, 每组 1 2只。试 验前禁食 不禁水 1 2 h , 8试验组小 鼠分别按 4 O 、 3 2 、 2 5 . 6 、 2 0 . 5 、 1 6 . 4 、 1 3 . 1 、 1 0 . 5 、 8 . 4 mg / k g体重 1次灌 胃
黄毒苷引起 1 0 0 动物死亡 的剂量为 5 0 m g / k g , O 动物死 亡 的剂 量 为 7 . 5 mg / k g 。得 出 8 O 小 鼠死 亡 率 的致 死量 为
4 0 mg / k g , 按1 : 0 . 8的 比例 设 置 8个 剂 ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ 组 。
观察“ 雅 解沙把 ” 对 小鼠 洋地黄 毒苷 半数 致 死量 ( L D 5 o ) 的影 响 。方 法 以主要在 肝脏 代谢 灭 活的 洋地黄 毒苷 为研 究对 象, 观 察预 先给予“ 雅解 沙把” ( 3 . 5 1 g / k g ) 后, 小鼠洋地 黄毒苷 L D 5 。 的变化, 以了解“ 雅 解 沙把 ” 是 否能够加 速 洋地 黄毒 苷的
体的各种毒素 , 保 持体 内功 能的平衡 和协 调 。在长期 医疗 实
践经验的积累过程 中, 傣 族人 民发现 上百种解 除各种 毒物 及 有害物质的药物 及方 剂 , 统 称为 “ 雅解 ” 。“ 雅解 ” 方药 在 临床 应用十分广泛l 1 ] 。通过实地调研 、 收集 、 整理 及西双版纳 州傣 医院等单位进行 的初 步临床研 究结 果表 明 , “ 雅 解沙把 ” 有 解
2 方 法
2 . 1 “ 雅解沙把” 最大给药量 的测定
参照 文献[ 2 ] , 取小 鼠
4只 , 雌雄各半 , 按最大浓 度( 2 . 2 2 g生药 / mL ) 、 最 大灌 胃体积 ( 4 0 mL / k g . b w) 给予小 鼠单次 灌 胃“ 雅解 沙把 ” 水煎液, 未见
异常。预实验结果表 明, “ 雅解沙把” 因浓度 和容量 的原 因, 无
肝脏代谢 而降低 洋地黄毒苷 的毒性 。结果 洋地黄毒 苷小 鼠 2 4 h内 1次性灌 胃给 药, L D 5 0 为2 8 . 8 7 1 8 mg / k g ; 雅 解沙把按
3 . 5 1 g生 药/ k g /  ̄ V v 连续灌 胃给予 7 d , 第8 d时洋地黄毒 苷 小
给“ 雅解沙把” ( 3 . 5 1 g / k g ) 后, 小鼠洋地黄毒苷 L I ) 5 o 增大 , 提 示 “ 雅解 沙把” 有一定的解药物毒作 用。 关键 词 :雅解沙把 ; 洋地黄毒苷 ; 半数 致死 量
中图分类号 : R 2 8 5 . 5 文 献标 志码 : A 文章编号 : 1 O 0 7 —2 3 4 9 ( 2 0 1 3 ) 1 O —O 0 5 6 —0 3
1 材料
参 照文献 [ - 2  ̄6 7 , 经 预试 验 , 洋地黄 毒苷引起 1 0 0 动物 死 亡 的剂量 为 7 1 . 5 mg / k g ,O 动 物 死 亡 的 剂 量 为
1 . 1 动物
昆明种小 鼠, 清洁级 , 体重 1 8  ̄2 2 g , 购 自四川省
1 2 . 9 ag r / k g 。得 出 8 0 小 鼠死亡率 的致死量为 5 7 . 2 mg / k g ,
鼠2 4 h内 1次 性 灌 胃给 药 , L D 5 o 为3 4 . 9 5 2 3 mg / k g 。 结 论
法测 出 L D 5 。 , 故采用最大给药量试验 以反映其急性毒性情况 。
小鼠按体重与性别 随机分为溶媒对 照组与“ 雅解沙把 ” 给 药组 , 每组 2 O只 , 雌 雄 各 半 。实 验前 禁 食 不 禁 水 1 2 h , 按 4 0 m L / k g . b w的容 积灌 胃给予最 大浓度 ( 2 . 2 2 g生药/ mL ) 的 “ 雅解沙把” , 对照组灌 胃等量蒸 馏水 。给 药后 连续观察 4 h , 此后每 日上 、 下午各观察 1 次, 连续 1 4 d 。 2 . 2 洋地黄毒苷 L D 5 。 测定 参 照文献 _ 2 ] , 经 预试验 , 洋 地
黄 毒苷 , 检测洋地黄毒苷 L D 5 。 。
食物毒 、 药 物毒 、 酒毒 、 烟毒 、 毒虫 毒、 热毒 等作用 。本 实验 以 主要在肝脏代谢灭活 的洋地黄毒苷为研究 对象 , 拟探讨“ 雅解 沙把” 对洋 地黄毒苷 所致 的药物毒是否有解 毒作用 , 为其解毒
机制 的研 究 奠定基 础 , 以期 为 临床安 全 、 合理 用药 提供 理论 依据 。
5 6
・
云 南 中 医 中 药 杂 志
2 0 1 3 年第 3 4 卷第 1 O 期
实 验研 究 ・
傣药雅解 沙把解药物毒作用 的研究
段 小花 ,郑 进 ,王 辉 ,李 秀芳 ,代 蓉 ,淤 泽溥△
( 云 南 中医学 院 ,云 南 昆明 6 5 0 5 0 0 )
摘 要 :目的 选 用主要在肝 脏代谢 灭活的 洋地 黄毒 苷,