研究生英语泛读翻译第十一单元

理情行为疗法

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is a form of psychotherapy and a philosophy of living created by Albert Ellis in the 1950's.

理情行为疗法(理情行为疗法)是一种心理治疗和生活哲学由艾利斯在1950年创建的。

REBT (pronounced R.E.B.T. — it is not pronounced rebbit) is based on the premise that whenever we become upset, it is not the events taking place in our lives that upset us; it is the beliefs that we hold that cause us to become depressed, anxious, enraged, etc. The idea that our beliefs upset us was first articulated by Epictetus around 2,000 years ago: "Men are disturbed not by events, but by the views which they take of them."

理情行为疗法(发音R.E.B.T.——它不是明显rebbit)是基于前提,每当我们变得心烦意乱,这不是打乱我们的事件发生在我们的生活中,它是我们的信念,使我们变得抑郁,焦虑,愤怒,等等,我们的信念首先提出的是在大约2000年前埃皮克提图:“困扰男性的不是事情本身,而是他们的观点。”

The Goal of Happiness幸福的目标

According to Albert Ellis and to REBT, the vast majority of us want to be happy. We want to be happy whether we are alone or with others; we want to get along with others—especially with one or two close friends; we want to be well informed and educated; we want a good job with good pay; and we want to enjoy our leisure time.

根据艾利斯的理情行为疗法,绝大多数的我们想要快乐。我们想要快乐是否单独或与他人,我们要相处与一个或两个亲密的朋友,尤其是我们想要见多识广,受过教育的,我们想要工资高的工作,我们要享受我们的闲暇时间。

Of course life doesn't always allow us to have what we want; our goal of being happy is often thwarted by the "slings and arrows of outrageous fortune." When our goals are blocked, we can respond in ways that are healthy and helpful, or we can react in ways that are unhealthy and unhelpful.当然生活并非总是让我们得到我们想要的,我们要幸福的目标通常是被“命运的厄运。“我们的目标是阻止的时候,我们可以回应的方式是健康和有益的,或者我们可以做出反应的方式是不健康的和无益的。

The ABC Model ABC模型

Albert Ellis and REBT posit that our reaction to having our goals blocked (or even the possibility of having them blocked) is determined by our beliefs. T o illustrate this, Dr. Ellis developed a simple ABC format to teach people how their beliefs cause their emotional and behavioral responses:

艾利斯的理情行为疗法认为我们反应目标受阻(甚至受阻的可能性)是由我们的信念。为了说明这一点,艾利斯博士开发了一个简单的ABC格式来教导人们他们的信仰使他们的情绪和行为反应:

A.Something happens.

B. You have a belief about the situation.

C. You have an emotional reaction to the belief.

会发生的事情。你有信仰的情况。你有情绪反应的信念。

For example:

A.Your employer falsely accuses you of taking money from her purse and threatens to fire you.

B. You believe, “She has no right to accuse me. She's a bitch!”

C. You feel angry.

你的雇主错误的指责你的钱从她的钱包和威胁要解雇你。你相信,“她没有权利指责我。她是一个婊子!” 你感到生气。

If you had held a different belief, your emotional response would have been different:

A.Your employer falsely accuses you of taking money from her purse and threatens to fire you.

B. You believe, “I must not lose my job. That would be unbearable.”

C. You feel anxious.

如果你持有不同的信念,你的情绪反应就不同了: 答:A你的雇主错误的指责你的钱从她的钱包和威胁要解雇你。B你相信,“我不能失去我的工作。这将是难以忍受的。” C你感到焦虑。

The ABC model shows that A does not cause C. It is B that causes C. In the first example, it is not your employer's false accusation and threat that make you angry; it is your belief that she has no right to accuse you, and that she is a bitch. In the second example, it is not her accusation and threat that make you anxious; it is the belief that you must not lose your job, and that losing your job would be unbearable.

ABC模型表明,不会引起导致c B c。这是在第一个示例中,它不是你的雇主的诬告和威胁,使你生气,这是你的认为,她没有权利指责你,,她是一个婊子。在第二个示例中,它不是她的指责和威胁,让你感到焦虑;它是相信你不能失去你的工作,而失去你的工作将难以承受。

The Three Basic Musts三个基本必要条件

Although we all express ourselves differently, according to Albert Ellis and REBT, the beliefs that upset us are all variations of three common irrational beliefs. Each of the three common irrational beliefs contains a demand, either about ourselves, other people, or the world in general. These beliefs are known as "The Three Basic Musts."

尽管我们都表达自己不同,根据艾利斯的理情行为疗法,打乱我们的信仰都是三种常见的非理性信念的变化。每个三种常见的非理性信念包含一个需求,对自己、他人或世界一般。这些观念被称为“三个基本必须的。”

1I must do well and win the approval of others for my performances or else I am no good.我必须做得很好,赢得别人的认可,我的表演,否则我不是好。

2Other people must treat me considerately, fairly and kindly, and in exactly the way I want them to treat me. If they don't, they are no good and they deserve to be condemned and punished.其他人必须对我体贴、公平和善良的,我希望他们对待我的方式。如果他们不这样做,他们不好,他们应该被谴责和惩罚。

3I must get what I want, when I want it; and I must not get what I don't want. It's terrible if I don't get what I want, and I can't stand it.我必须得到我想要的东西,当我想要它,我不能得到我不想要的东西。这是可怕的,如果我没有得到我想要的,我不能忍受它。

The first belief often leads to anxiety, depression, shame, and guilt. The second belief often leads to rage, passive-aggression and acts of violence. The third belief often leads to self-pity and procrastination. It is the demanding nature of the beliefs that causes the