论商业保险与社会保障的关系

摘要

社会保险与商业保险之间既有联系，又有本质的区别。从功能上看，两者都是社会风险化解机制，社会保险是多层次社会保险体系中的主体，商业保险可以作为社会保险的补充，是多层次社会保险体系中的一个组成部分。

社会保险与商业保险之间存在着本质的区别：一是性质不同。社会保险是由国家立法强制实施，属于政府行为，是一种福利事业。商业保险是一种商业行为，保险人与被保险人之间完全是一种自愿的契约关系；二是目的不同。社会保险不是以盈利为目的，其出发点是为了确保劳动者的基本生活、维护社会稳定、促进经济发展。商业保险的根本目的则是获取利润，只是在此前提下给投保者以经济补偿；三是资金来源不同。社会保险是由国家、用人单位和个人三者承担。商业保险完全是由投保个人负担；四是待遇水平不同。社会保险从稳定社会出发，着眼于长期性基本生活的保障，还要随着物价上升进行调整、逐步提高。商业保险着眼于一次性经济补偿。五是政府承担的责任不同。社会保险是公民享有的一项基本权力。政府对社会承担最终的兜底责任。商业保险则受市场竞争机制制约，政府主要依法对商业保险进行监管，以保护投人的利益。

关键词：社会保险；商业保险

ABSTRACT

There is a connection between social insurance and commercial insurance. From the functional perspective, the two are social risk management mechanism, social insurance is the main body of the multi-level social insurance system, commercial insurance can be as a supplement to social insurance, is a part of the multi-level social insurance system. There is essential difference between social insurance and commercial insurance. The social insurance is carried out by the national legislation.It belongs to the behavior of the government. It is a kind of welfare. Commercial insurance is a kind of business behavior, the insurer and the insured is totally a kind of voluntary contractual relationship; the two is the purpose of different. Social insurance is not a profit for the purpose, the starting point is to ensure that the workers' basic life, maintain social stability, promote economic development. The fundamental purpose of business insurance is to obtain profits, but only to the insured under the premise of economic compensation; the three is the source of funds of different. Social insurance is to be borne by the state, the employing unit and the three party. Commercial insurance is entirely by the insurance individual burden; four is the level of treatment. Social insurance from the stable society, focusing on the protection of long-term basic living, but also with the price rise to adjust, and gradually improve. Commercial insurance is focused on a one-time economic compensation. Five is the responsibility of the government. Social insurance is a basic right of citizen. The government takes the responsibility for social fallback. Commercial insurance is restricted by the market competition mechanism, the government mainly carries on the supervision to the commercial insurance in accordance with law, in order to protect the interests of investors. Key word: Social insurance Commercial insurance

引言 (1)

一、商业保险和社会保险 (2)

（一）、商业保险 (2)

（二）、社会保险 (2)

二、商业保险与社会保险的互补关系 (2)

（一）、商业保险与社会保险的互补关系 (2)

（二）、讨论商业保险与社会保险互补性的意义 (5)

三、商业保险与社会保险的区别 (7)

四、再保险市场蕴藏发展潜力 (7)

（一）、财产险市场趋于平稳发展 (9)

（二）、商业医疗保险极具发展空间 (10)

（三）、房改为保险业带来发展契机 (11)

参考文献 (13)

致谢 (14)