剑5同义词替换
雅思真题同近义词替换
同义词替换（剑四）Test 11．encounter=face=confront=meet遇见，遭遇v.2．mistaken view=misconception错误的观点n.3. easy to reach = accessible容易达到的adj.4. change =modify(modification) 改变v.5. important = vital=essential=crucial重要的adj.6. survive =continuing existence幸存，活下来v.7. curriculum= course课程8. link to = be connected with=be linked with把…和…相联系v.9. underdeveloped=degenerated=rudimentary不发达的adj.10. mating=courtship交配v.&n.11. follow=track跟随，跟踪v.12. volunteer =subject实验研究对象n.13. similar =resemble=like=alike相似的adj.Test 2.1. increase=go up=rise=grow=climb =escalate=widen =intensify=expand上升，增加2. teach = educate=train=coach=instruct=bring up教学v.3. more than one language = bilingual=sb's second language多种语言n..4. diverse=varied=variety=wide-ranging=mixed各种各样的adj.5. differ from=unusual与…不同v.6. reluctant= unwilling=not willing=be loath to do something勉强的adj.7. retrain=taking courses再教育v.8. long-term=chronic=long-running=long-standing= lasting=lifelong=prolonged长期的adj.9. connection= relationship=link=correlation联系n..10. reduction= decrease=drop=fall=cut 减少n.11. class= type=kind=sort=style=category=variety种类n.12. strategy=way=method=approach=technique= system=tactics 方法，功略n..13. surroundings=environment=circumstance 环境n.Test 31. purpose=aim=point=idea=objective=object=goal= target=end目的n.2. poverty= being poor贫穷n.3. planet= the world=earth/Earth=the globe 地球n.4. emit=emission n.散发5. generate = form=produce =create 产生v.6. objective=impartial=neutral=not take sides=unbiased客观的adj.7. observe=notice= =see=spot= detect=detection=note=perceive=find观察发现v.8. include=consist of=comprise=be composed of= be made up of包含，包括v.9. focus on=deals only with=concentrate on 专注于v.10. affect=have an effect= impact = make a differencet影响v.Test 41. official= formal=authorized官方的，正式的adj.2. recognize=know=identify =pick out = tell认出，承认v.3. inadequate=not enough=too little=few=scarce=insufficient=be in short supply=lackof something =be short 不足的adj.4. enable=make something possible=allow=permit使能够v.5. predict=anticipate=forecast=foretell=prediction=预测v.6. basic=fundamental=essential基本的adj.7. aim=purpose=point=idea=objective=object=goal=target =end 目的n.8. translate=change languages=interpret翻译v.9. field= area =domain领域n.10. influence=effect=side effect=impact 影响n.11. realize=know=be/become aware =appreciate=be conscious意识到v.12. limit=restrict =keep within=confine =fix 限制v.&n.13. produce=form=create=generate生产v.14. guarantee=promise=assure =pledge保证v.15. independence =self-reliance 独立n.同义词替换（剑五）Test 11.. did not have=without没有v.2. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.3. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous= tremendous=largescale/large-scale巨大的adj.4. confer= award=present =grant=allocate 给予v.5. expect= think =anticipate预期，期待v.6. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.7. prior to=before=previous在…前面8. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.9. exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.10. attempt=purpose=order=effort =try尝试，努力n.&v.Test 21. derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.2. advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.3. field=domain=territory= industry=sector领域n.4. alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.5. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如6. current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.7. settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.8. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.9. involve with=associate with=link to= relate to与…有关联v.10. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.11. instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.12. react=respond 反应v.13. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions主观观点n.14. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate= judgment评估，估计v..Test 31. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.2. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.3. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.4. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.5. military=battlefield军事的adj.6. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.7. consciousness=awareness 意识n.8. widespread=universal=extensive=popular= general广泛的，普遍的adj.9. launch=coin=project =issue创新，开辟v.10. potential=possible=underlying=likely= expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj. Test 41. inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.2. undermine= destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.3. revive=renaissance复兴v.4. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.5. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.6. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.7. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.8. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.同义词替换（剑六）Test 11.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.2.funded support=finance 资金n.3.calculate=measure 计算v.4.event=championship 赛事n.5.plan=prepare=design 计划v.6.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.7.difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.8.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.9.supply=provision=support 供给n.10.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.11.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.12.give up=abandon 放弃13.mainly=heavily=most 主要地Test 2mute=travel 通勤v.2.income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.3.beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.4.refute=deny 反驳v..5.averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的6.show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明7.research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.8.considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.9.regular=daily 定期的adj.10.exercise=physical activity 运动n.11.lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.12.hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.13.restricted=limited 有限的adj.14.newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.15.ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.Test 31.teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2.first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.3.realistic=achievable 现实的adj.4.target=goal=aim 目标n.5.feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.6.achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.7.remuneration=payment 酬金n.8.tend to=prone to 倾向于9.growing old=ageing 变老10.people=mortal=people=individual 人n..11.focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于12.short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.Test 41.drug company=pharmaceutical company 医药公司n.2.promotion=marketing 营销n.3.moral=ethical 道德的adj.4.legitimate=have every right to do=legal=right=authorized 合法的adj.5.money=profit=benefit=income=currency 钱n.6.maternal=mother=female 母亲的adj.7.approximately=about=around=nearly 大约adv.8.be halved=decline by 50% 减半9.key=most important=crucial=critical=significant 关键的adj.10.detailed=explicit=specific 细节的adj.11.self-confidence=assertiveness=confidence 自信n.distinguish=recognize the difference同义词替换（剑七）Test 11. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.2. limb=arm or leg 四肢n.3. perceive=sense =spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.4. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.5. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.6. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.7. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前8. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.9.result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致10. imitate=copy =follow one’s example 模仿v.Test 21. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立v.2.official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.3.isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.4.collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌v.5. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏v.n6.consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成7.observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.Test31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.2.exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.3.renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.4.exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v..5.boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.6.odour=smell味道n.7.find one’s way=navigate 导航v.8.bearing=position=standing 方位n.9.exchange=share分享v.10.waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage废物n.11.dental=teeth 牙齿的adj.12.convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.13.monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.14.fragile =feeble 脆弱的adj.15.advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.Test 41.more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v2.decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.3.stop=halt=come to a halt 停止v.4.sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的adj.5.establish=found=build=set up 建立v.6.be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功.7.adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v.8.mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.9.keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.10.unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的adj.v..11.produce=make=manufacture=create 生产v.12.carry out=implement =execute 实行v.同义词替换（剑八）TEST1:1.sceptic and advocate = different attitude 不同的看法sceptic : n.怀疑者advocate = supporter : n.拥护者2. trial = experiment = test n.实验3. cold temperature = freezing weather = chilly = wintry = cold adj.寒冷的4. farming = agriculture n.农业5. simultaneous = at the same time = together = at once = at one time adj.同时的6. public event = communal activity 公众、社交活动7. aviation disaster = sky accident = air crash 空难8. oversimplify = incomplete = simplistic过于简化的，不完整的9. altitude = from…meters above the ground = height = how high = level n.高度10. weather = meteorological = climate = condition n.气候11. categorize = class / type = sort = classify = be grouped = grade v.分类12. create = establish = invent = start up = open = set up = found = inception v.创建13. average-sized = medium-sized adj. 中等的TEST 21. shift = switch = transfer = move = jerk v.转换2. consistent = lasting = stay the same = constant = unchanging adj.持续的3. drought = no rain at all = dry adj.干旱的4. period = cycle = era = age n.年代5. feeling = emotional response / sensory = a sense of n. 感觉6. unappreciated = undervalued adj.低估的7. difficult = elusive = hard / tough adj.困难的，难懂的8. study = research = analyse = do/conduct research v.研究9. smell = odour = scent n.气味10. damage = impair = break = do/cause damage v.损害11. husbands and wives = marriage partner / spouse = couple夫妇12. lack = do not exist = not enough = scarce = inadequate = insufficient = in short supply v.缺乏的13. do not smell = odorless 没有气味的TEST 31. building = property n.建筑2. financial support = fund = financial aid 资助3. stumbling block = difficulty = trouble n.麻烦4. aim = direct at = purpose = point = idea =objective = goal = target n.目的5. test in real = field test 实地测试6. genius = giftedness / talent / intellectual = intelligence = wisdom n.天才7. inherit = run in family = v.继承8. stable = characteristic = constant = steady = fixed = unchanging adj.稳定的9. life span = duration of life 寿命10. biological clock = internal clock 生物钟11. prolong = extend = drag out = spin out v.延伸，延长TEST41.middle-year education = lower secondary school 中学2. format = pattern n.格式3. less successful student = struggler 差等生4. careful = elaborate adj.仔细的，精心的5. supplementary = assist = additional =extra n.补充，帮助6. effort = hard work n.努力7. correct answer = accuracy n.精确8. imbalance = disorder = disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱9. no longer respond = resistance 抵抗10. innate = built-in adj.先天的11. immunity = resistance n.免疫力12. wipe out = eradicate = get rid of = abolish = eliminate 根除13. criterion = standard n.标准，识别14. container = plastic or glass tube n.容器15. wet = marshy adj.湿的16. little time and effort is required = minimal maintenance and intervention最小程度的维修与介入17. pesticide := chemical n.杀虫剂。
雅思阅读中的同义替换
同义替换几乎是雅思阅读中每道题必考的考点。
而雅思阅读既不考察单词的发音、拼写，有时甚至连意思也不必完全了解，因此，对于词汇而言，阅读一般侧重考察对其同义替换的掌握程度。
而同义替换并不只是简单的换一个同义词，下面就浅谈一下阅读中词和句的常见替换形式。
一、同、近义词替换这是最常见的一种替换形式，通常就是换同义词或近义词，但并不见得简单。
我在上课时一定会给学生先做一个单词的matching，把“protection, wet, smell, tooth”分别和“soaking, conservation, dental, odour”进行配对，能真正完全做对的其实不多，而这些词都是在考试中会出到的同义替换。
以往的阅读题特别是填空一般总有些词不太会换，以确保考生能在文中能找到该题。
但现在的出题方向基本是能换就换，比如剑7Test1Q6中有组词’arm or leg’，学生以为如此具体明确的词应该不会换，平时也没怎么见过这俩词的同义词，殊不知文章还是把它们换成了limb这个单词，而这个词对于相当一部分学生来说是陌生的。
积累这类同近义词对很多烤鸭来说非常痛苦，阅读词汇本来就数量庞大，而同近义词更是不胜枚举，对于此种同义替换的形式，同学们主动去找去背工作量太大，建议最好的解决方法就是边做题边积累。
在做真题的过程中，一定要把题目中出现到的同义替换随时记录积累，并且还可以适当应用于写作当中。
二、概括词具体化阅读有一类词一旦在题目中出现了，那么在文章中基本不会再出现原词。
比如“the location of the first cinema”当中的“location”，在文章里十有八九会换成国家城市街道门牌号之类的具体地点信息。
这种词叫概括词，特点是泛指某类信息，常见的还有effect, reason, when, how, problem…，这类词如果在题目中出现，文章中一般会将其具体化。
比如effect会给具体的影响，reason会给具体的原因等。
剑3-8同义词替换大全
1. significant = enormous = dramatic = tremendous = appreciably = remarkable = crucial = substantial 巨大的，明显的，程度大的2. rigid = stiff = unchanged = little change = invariable 一成不变的3. exchange = swap = alter = shift…from…交换，转换4. approximately = nearly = almost 几乎5. proportion = percentage = percent比例6. deplete = exhaust = exploit = run out of 开采完，耗尽7. complex = complicated = sophisticated = intricate 错综复杂的8. deadly = fatal = lethal = mortal 致命的9. prosperous = thriving = booming (特指人口，行业) = flourishing 兴旺，繁荣10. circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景/ background 后台/ settings 后台，布景/ context 上下文（文章中）11. isolate =alienate = insulate 隔绝，排外，孤立– be alien to/ insulate (-ion) 绝缘，隔热（体）12. substitution 替代物– substitute sth for sb = replace/ alternative 选择性，代替性，辅助性13. inventive (-tion) = innovative (-tion) = creative (-tion) = ingenious (-ity) = novel (-ty) = revolutionary (-tion) 创新的，新颖的14. ambiguous (ambiguity) = obscure = vague 模棱两可的，暧昧的15. inadequate = insufficient( insufficiency n.缺乏，短缺) = deficient = be lack (of) = be short (of) = be shortage of 缺乏的，短缺的16. (be) skeptical (sceptical)= dubious = suspicious (about/of) 对……怀疑17. contradictory = opposing = clashing = conflicting = incongruous 矛盾的，相反的18. accelerate = speed up = increase speed = hasten = step up 加速19. peripheral = marginal = fringe = bordering = unimportant = insignificant 次要的，边缘化的20. create / gain efficiently = increase productivity 提高生产率/效率21. poor = in poverty = impoverished = underdeveloped 贫穷的，落后的22. associate with = link to = relate to = combine with 与……有关联23. improve = enhance = promote = boost = strengthen 加强24. neutral中立的，中性的/negative否定，消极，阴性的/positive 肯定，积极，阳性的25. drawback = fault = defect = imperfection = failing = weakness = shortcoming = flaw 缺点，缺陷26. bewildering = puzzling = perplexing = confusing = baffling 令人困惑的27. handicap = disabled = primitive 残疾的，落后的28. unsatisfactory = hardly be looked upon 不令人满意的29. caliber= criterion = standard = specification 标准30. be alike/ be similar to = be resemble in = be identical to 相似的31. barrier = hurdle = obstacle 障碍32. address = solve = resolve = cope with = deal with = tackle the problem 解决问题33. emphasize = stress = highlight = focus on = concentrate on = pay attention to 强调，重视34. apparently=patently=obviously=evidently = clearly 显而易见的35. molten rock = lava = magma 岩浆36. degenerate (-tion) = degrade = deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下37. make up one’s mind to do = be determined to do 下定决心38. indicate = demonstrate = display = exhibit = illustrate 展现，证明39. in terms of = concerning = considering = with regard to 考虑到40. reduced = declined = downward trend 下降的趋势41. pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder 杀人42. a vast array of = a great variety of = a great range of 各种各样的43. chronic 长期的，慢性/ long-term 长期的/ acute 急性的，短时的/ short-term 短期的44. impede = keep…from… = prevent…from… = stop…from… = inhibit 阻止，禁止45. result in = lead to = cause = bring about = induce 导致46. include = embrace = comprehend = comprise = cover = involve = constitute = consist of 包括47. constrain = restrict = limit = confine 限制48. reduce = decline = cut = lessen = diminish = eliminate 减少，消除49. predict = expect = anticipate 预期50. conclude = make/reach a conclusion = put down to = prove that = attribute to = turn out to 归结为……51. poisonous= toxic (in-, non-) 有毒的52. evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命/ involve-involution 参与，渗入53. manifestation = performance = demonstration 表现54. stem from = derive from = date from = trace back to 追溯到，起源于55. gift = talent = aptitude = natural gift = genius 天资56. adapt to (adaptation) = adjust to/ make adjustment to = acclimatize oneself to = answer to = accommodate ( accommodation) = be settled in = meet the needs = in response to 适应57. advantage = merit = virtue = length = excellence 有点，长处58. throw away = scrap = discard = cast aside = desert = abandon = give up = be dispensed with 放弃，抛弃59. notorious ( notoriety) flagrant = smelly = odorous 臭名昭著的household = famous = popular = renowned = well-known = notable = reputable = prominent = famed 著名的，家喻户晓的（褒义词）60. catastrophe = disaster = adversity 灾难61. sediment = deposit 沉积（物）62. contaminate = pollute 弄脏，污染63. decipher = decode 解码，解释64. begin = launch = initiate ( initiative) 开始65. compare with = in comparison with 与……比较66. government official = authorities 权利机关67. sensibility = sense = awareness = consciousness 意识68. run into = bump into = come across = knock up with 不期而遇69. cater to = satisfy = meet the need 满足需要70. in excess of = in advance of = overrun = outstep = override = outstrip = get ahead of = surpass = exceed 超过71. cooperation = collaboration 合作72. authorize = commission (名词表示佣金) = entitle 授权，委托73. notion = reach perception = comprehension = intelligence = understanding 理解（力）74. small-scale 小范围 = marginal 边缘处的75. commit a crime = perpetrate a crime = offend against 犯罪delinquency = criminality = commitment = criminal = offense 罪犯76. trade = business = commerce = transaction = dealing 交易，贸易77. current = contemporary = nowadays = present 当前的78. reproduce = copy 表示“复制”的意思时 = breed 表示“繁殖”的意思时79. demolish = knock down = dismantle = ruin 毁坏，拆毁（建筑物）80. get rid of = eradicate = eliminate = remove = smooth away 消除81. rely on = depend on = count on 依赖82. give = offer = render = impart = provide 给予83. develop = cultivate = foster = nurture 发展，培养84. key = crucial = critical = pivotal = vital = substantial = indispensable = imperative 关键的85. protect = conserve = preserve 保护（资源）86. change = alter = modify = convert into = change = alter = vary = modify = transform = turn 转变87. allege = assert = declare = claim 声称88. appraise (appraisal) = assess (assessment) = evaluate (evaluation) = estimate (estimation) 评价89. assure = ensure = guarantee = pledge 确保90. abundant = copious = profuse = ample 丰富的91. baneful = evil = harmful = detrimental 有害的92. useful = helpful = beneficial = profitable = rewarding = advantageous = wholesome 有益的93. influence = impact = effect 影响94. 增长至：grow to = rise to = increase to = go up to = climb to = ascend to = jump to = shoot to95. 降低至：dip to = fall to = decline to = decrease to = drop to = go down to = reduce to = slump to = descend to = sink to = slide to96. 保持稳定: level out = do not change = remain stable = remain still = remain steady = be stable = maintain the same level = remain unchanged = be still = remain the same level = stay constant = keep at the same level = level off = stabilize = keep its stability = even out97. 急剧地: dramatically = drastically = sharply = hugely = enormously = steeply = substantially = considerably = significantly = markedly = surprisingly = strikingly = radically = remarkably = vastly = noticeably98. 平稳地: steadily = smoothly = slightly = slowly = marginally = gradually = moderately = mildly99. 占……(百分比): account for = occupy = represent = comprise = take up = account for = constitute = consist of = make up = compose100. 波动: fluctuate = go ups and downs = display/demonstrate a fluctuation。
雅思同义词替换(剑鸭5)
Cambridge5TEST11.produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2.central=middle中心的adj.3.did not have=without没有v.4.bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer 带来v.5.time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6.increase=goup/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up增加7.assistant=helper=coach助手n.8.immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=treme ndous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.9.illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=makeclear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal表明，显示v.10.quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used引用语n.11.predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it前辈，前任n.12.rival=a person,group,or organization that you compete with in sport,business,a fight etc=competitor对手，竞争者n.13.distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing分心的事物n.14.fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness=bug=virus=be something wrong with错误，缺点15.cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key基石n.16.confer=award=present=grant=allocate给予v.17.stability=the condition of being steady and not changing稳定n.18.prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19.contract=agreement=understanding=compromise合约n.20.grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21.fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you,you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting吸引，使着迷v.22.disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off打扰v.23.expect=think=anticipate预期，期待v.24.psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior心理学n.25.obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to therules=conform to=observe=respect=toe the line=go by thebook/do something by the book服从，顺从v.26.identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27.severity=used of the degree of something undesirable严重性n.28.unfold=open=happen=develop=expand展开，发生v.29.deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30.moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior,and with the difference between good and evil道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31.prior to=before=previous在…前面32.repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复n.33.genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的adj.34.sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important牺牲v.35.victim=someone who has been attacked,robbed,or murdered受害者n.36.forge=form=counterfeit形成;伪造v.37.persuade=convince=win over=talk around说服v.38.surrender=give in投降，放弃v.39.extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not exist anymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的adj.40.abundant=plenty=ample充裕的，丰富的adj.41.exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.42.phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science,or nature,especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand现象n.43.perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight认识，观念，看法n.44.impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想n.45.entitle=to give someone the official right to do or have something使某人有权利/资格v.46.distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解v.47.dispose=to arrange things or put them in theirplaces=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with安排，处理v.48.intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts=instinct直觉n.49.emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air 排放物，散发物n.50.diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut减少，减小v.51.postpone=put back=delay=adjourn延期，推迟v.52.crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential至关重要的adj.53.pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的adj.54.attempt=purpose=order=effort尝试，努力Cambridge5TEST21.similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2.derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3.impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encouragem ent动机，动力n.4.generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture 产生v.5.couple with=and=accompany=with伴随v.6.factor=reason=element=component=ingredient因素n.7.unique=have thedistinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8.advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9.field=domain=territory=industry=sector领域n.10.alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11.like=such as=for example=for instance例如12.resource=material=source资源，来源n.13.limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14.involve=rely on=contain=comprise包含，牵涉v.15.current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16.particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17.draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18.settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19.superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20.accompany=when=keep company=be associated with陪伴，伴随v.21.view=belief=opinion=insight=perception观点n.22.artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23.involve with=associate with=link to=relate to与…有关联v.24.release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver发行，发表v.25.difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26.task=job=work=labour任务，工作n.27.instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28.react=respond反应v.29.relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with 与…有关系v.30.subject views=outlook=personal/individualviews=personal/individual opinions主观观点n.31.distort=to change the appearance,sound,or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear;to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret扭曲，歪曲v.32.figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand理解，想出v.33.assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment评估，估计v.34.emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35.remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36.exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37.foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38.overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39.initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40.whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet然而，但是adv.Cambridge5TEST31.outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence结果，后果n.2.overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3.insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4.supply=provide=furnish=give提供v.unch=release=project=send=shot=emit开始，投放v.6.suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7.detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8.handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent障碍，困难n.9.peer=the people who are at the same age as you,or who have the same type of job,social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10.positive=optimistic=uplifting积极的adj.11.administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12.funding=money=funds=financial resource资金，基金n.13.interact=if people interact with each other,they talk to each other,work together etc.互动v.14.irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water灌溉n.15.sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock,earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer积淀n.16.interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17.process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18.threat=danger=intimidation威胁n.19.valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20.construct=build=make=found建造v.21.blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22.stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23.long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24.impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25.occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26.contain=include=cover=possess包含v.itary=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28.separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29.vanish=extinct=disappear消失v.30.consciousness=awareness意识n.31.ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32.encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33.reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34.widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.unch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36.contemporary=modern-day,present-day同时代的adj.37.potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent潜在的，可能的adj.38.prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39.perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n. Cambridge5TEST4munity=organization=group=body团体n.2.fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3.remote=distant遥远的adj.4.require=desire=order=command要求v.5.inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6.consequently=thus=accordingly=hence=therefore=as a result结果，因此adv.7.destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8.throughout=around=wholly=everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9.operate=act=run运转v.10.output=product输出，产品n.11.decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession下降n.12.undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin破坏v.13.revive=renaissance复兴v.14.unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15.ordinary=standard=common=usual=general普通的,平常的adj.16.fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17.break=shatter=crack打碎，打破v.18.interior=inner layer=inside内部的n.&adj.19.insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20.expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21.suppress=control=restrain=repress=putdown=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle压制v.22.speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed加速v.23.examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate检查，调查v.24.dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25.detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect察觉，发现v.26.claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27.cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28.unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29.be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as被称为30.encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire鼓励，促使v.31.considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32.regardless of=despite of=take no notice of不管，不顾33.adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable充足的,适当的adj.34.assure=makesure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of保证，确保v.35.suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching合适的adj.。
雅思听力考试同义近义词汇总
雅思听力考试同义近义词汇总实践证明，如果同学们掌握的同义近义词更多，在雅思听力考试中就更具有优势。
相信在这个暑假，很多同学正在进行紧张的备考。
为了提供同学们备考效率，小编给大家整理了一些在听力考试中常见的同义近义词，具体如下，供大家参考学习。
雅思听力考试同义近义词汇总对比而言：On the contrary, conversely, by contrast, in contrast, on the other hand,展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe急剧地：Dramatically, drastically, sharply, hugely, enormously, steeply, substantially, considerably, significantly, markedly, surprisingly, strikingly, radically, remarkably, vastly, noticeably 平稳地：Steadily, smoothly, slightly, slowly, marginally, gradually, moderately, mildly宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim发生：Happen, occur, take place原因：Reason, factor, cause换言之：Namely, that is to say, in other words, to put it like this, to put it differently, to put it from another way, to put it from another angle解决：Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford培养：Develop, cultivate, foster事实上：Practically, in practice, essentially, in essence, in reality, in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, it is a fact that导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced保护：Protect, conserve, preserve确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away增长至：Grow to, rise to, increase to, go up to, climb to, ascend to, jump to, shoot to降低至：Dip to, fall to, decline to, decrease to, drop to, go down to, reduce to, slump to, descend to, sink to, slide to 保持稳定：Level out, do not change, remain stable, remain still, remain steady, be stable, maintain the same level, remain unchanged, be still, remain the same level, stay constant, keep at the same level, level off, stabilize, keep its stability, even out 影响：Influence, impact, effect明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest,apparent, crystal-clear占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose与…相比：Compared with, compared to, in comparison with, in comparison to, by comparison with, by comparison to 大约：Approximately, almost, about, around, nearly, roughly 波动：Fluctuate, go ups and downs, display a fluctuation, demonstrate a fluctuation发展：Development, advance, progress有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous雅思听力技巧之承接方法雅思听力技巧一、词汇衔接词汇的衔接中包括了重复性词汇和同现性词汇。
史上最全《剑1~剑13》雅思同义词替换大合集免费领!雅思上7+的必备利器!
史上最全《剑1~剑13》雅思同义词替换大合集免费领！雅思上7+的必备利器！
各位考雅思的小伙伴们大概都明白“同义词”的重要性，因为学懂同义词，不仅代表你可以PK掉雅思听力、阅读题里那些拐弯抹角换词为难你的题，用高级词汇换掉简单词汇，还能让你在口语和写作中有亮眼的表现。
雅思听力考试的一大考点就是同义词替换，听力题目中有80%的答案都被同义替换了，这需要“烤鸭”们有很扎实的雅思词汇基础。
选择题是听力考试中难度比较高的一种题型，因为无法写下大量信息，speaker在会用大量的同义表达来代替题目中的原文原词，以此增加难度。
选择题答案往往是那些同义的表达。
在雅思阅读中，同义词替换的重要性不言而喻，阅读题卷面上所包含的词汇是四个科目中最多的，同义词转化会直接影响到对文章的理解以及定位的速度，掌握好雅思高频词汇同义词转化技巧，对于雅思阅读实力的提升起到至关重要的作用。
在雅思口语表达中地道熟练地使用同义词替换有助于口语的提分
5分标准:attempts to use paraphrase but with limited flexibility
6分标准：generally paraphrases successfully
7分标准：paraphrase effectively
由此我们能够清晰地看到paraphrase是评分标准中不可或缺的一部分。
在雅思写作过程中，重复单词会拉低你的词汇分的，所以我们平时留心积累同义词是非常重要的。
雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解
雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解,今天给大家带来了雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解，希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
雅思听力同义词替换4大类型实例讲解雅思听力同义替换之近义词替换顾名思义，近义词替换是通过近义词的方式来展示题目和录音内容的联系，这种同义替换也是所有同义替换类别中最基本、最容易掌握的形式。
考生若是对单词的近义词十分熟悉，那么便可以轻松解决这类问题。
例1 Most useful language practice：learning 23 vocabulary (《剑5》Test 2 Section 3第23题)分析该题是一道表格填空题，需要考生补充最有用的语言练习是什么。
通过审题，考生可以发现本题的最佳定位词应该是vocabulary，而空格中缺少的应该是一个修饰vocabulary的定语成分。
根据定位词vocabulary，考生可以在录音中听到这句话：“I also learnt some technical words that I hadn’t heard before.”在这句话中，考生发现通过一个正式和非正式的同义词转换，题干中的定位词vocabulary在录音中被替换为words，由此考生就找到了答案信息所在的位置。
录音中words的修饰词为technical，所以technical为本题答案。
以上是一个名词近义词替换的例子，但对于广大考生而言，在做题过程中感觉更让人头疼的是动词或形容词的近义替换，因为这类词的替换更加灵活。
不过，如果考生能够掌握相应的解题方法，也可轻松解题，如下例所示。
例2 STOP B：has good 16 of city centre (《剑7》T est 2 Section 2 第16题)分析该题也是一道表格填空题，让考生补充完整景点B有何特色。
按照定位词选名词不选动词的原则，考生在处理本题时倾向于选city centre作为在录音中定位答案信息的定位词。
剑桥雅思4-5听力同义转换整理费下载
剑桥听力同义转换C4T11. a variety of shopping – good shopping2.how do we reserve a place – to reserve a seat3.have a look in – read4.like – such as5.first built – established6.iron forge – metal industry7.more than – over8.water mills – water-powered mills9.I had a really big assignment due in for anothercourse – she was doing work for another course 10.medical or compassionate reasons –personalillness or accident11.methodology – methods12.won’t bother – don’t read13.the last part – conclusion14.could be of some help, but not that much –limited value15.people living nearby – neighbours16.disturb them – noisy17.owner – landlord18.not helpful – uncooperative19.neighbourhood – environment20.better plan our cities –planning our citiesbetter21.high buildings – tall buildings22.make it windier – cause more wind23.the wind – the wind force24.goes through – passes through25.need – require26.room – spaceC4T21.half an hour – thirty minutes2.chilled – cold3.the computer system was temporarily down –the computers weren’t working4.the bus system – the bus route5.snack – food6.morning and afternoon – all day7. a charge for all of them except – free entry8.painting – art gallery 9.deadline – time pressure10.cope with – handle11.trigger – cause12.interrupted personal relationships – disruptionsto personal relationships13.drop out of a course – don’t complete a course14.self-esteem can suffer – lose self-esteem15.have money problems – in financial difficulties16.not too bad – effective17.understaffed – staff shortages18.drawbacks – disadvantages19.response rate … if it’s too low – too few peoplemay respond20.tends not to – is less likely to21.published by – publisher22.in accordance with the goals of the company –for companies23.theft by employees –employees stealing fromtheir company24.insignificant – unimportant25.might result in massive – can make largeC4T31.how long have you been in Australia? –lengthof time in Australia2.what are you studying now? – present course3.when would you like to move out from youraunt’s? – accommodation required from4.proportion – part5.at the end of the month – 25-31 January6.am looking at – concentrate on7.marquee/canvas portable building – tent8.best part – highlights9.returning to study – going back to college10.more clearly – clarity11.analyzing material as you read it –readanalytically12.time management – use time effectively13.book well ahead of time –reserve a place inadvance14.three consecutive mornings starting on aMonday – Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday15.stress management – coping with stress16.starting from the basics – start at the beginning17.provided the basis for – informed18.on request – when asked19.video surveillance – closed-circuit TVC4T41.when shall we get them out for? –date forsending invitations2.price list – how much holidays cost3.skills and fitness levels – walking abilities4.no single client will pay more –peopleholidaying alone pay the same as other clients5.is provided – is laid6.fixed – standard7.risky – dangerous8.tame – boring9.had to wait up to a fortnight – too long10.ambitious – difficult11.weighed – weight12.picking up food that’s lying on – food: gatheredfrom13.sense the presence of food – locate food14.parallel to the shore – along the coastline15.introduced – have taken up16.annual – each year17.warmest months – summerC5T11.up to – maximum2.there’s no extra charge for that/they’re part ofthe accommodation package –are included inthe price of the tour3.at least fourteen days before you travel –nolater than 14 days in advance4.it had no brakes – did not have any brakes5.simple to – easy to6.it has no wheels – did not have any wheels7.my office – Andrew’s employers8.the cost of the course itself – fees9.every four weeks – each monthsts for – takes11.more willing to – more prepared to12.are more likely to – tend to13.the ones left without a partner –who are leftalone 14.their future financial situation –their financialfuture15.economic situation – financial affairs16.advised – suggested17.at least 70% – a high proportionC5T21.bring – take2.minimum fine – fines start at3.the earliest you can book a computer is 48hours before you need it – can be booked up to48 hours in advance4.join a voluntary organization –as a voluntaryworker5.get where he wanted to go without muchtrouble – easy to reach customers6. a constant supply of bikes – enough bicycles7.every six months – regularly8.no money to pay the bills –couldn’t meet itsoverheads9.prize – award10.invest in – buy11.support – help12.give – donate13.activities – event14.bring in funds – raise money15.asked – invited16.words – vocabulary17. a lot of – large amount of18.they don’t agree with you – who have differentviews19.should have tried to experiment more –makemore effort to experiment20.over – more than21.times the size of – times as big as22.most of the continent – most of the area23.is classified as – falls into the category of24.extendable – adjustable25.about – approximately26.opportunities – openingsC5T31.shade – colour2.just – only3.close relationships – good linksanize the bibliography4.in the area – local5.hold-up – delays6.independent learning – work independently7.demand exceeds supply –a limited number ofplaces are available8.months before the beginning of term – severalmonths in advance9.deal with – contact10.on your behalf – for students11. a whole load of work – too much work12.there aren’t enough – a lack ofed for – utilized for14. a product for – material used for15.to farmers – on farms16.items – productC5T41.catch you – contact2.like – preferred3.particular requirement for diet – special diet4.up to – maximum5.begin the season with – the first eventst week – final7.presentation of prizes – receive prizes8.jobs – responsibilities9.falling – drop10.increased – growing11.reasons – causes12.poor – lack of good13.individuals who’d be prepared to back themwith some of the capital they need –privateinvestors14.alter – changing15.how they’re running things –the way it isorganized16.suggest some ways – offers solutions17.recover – overcome this problem18.advertising campaign – marketing campaign19.innovation – improvement20.highly debatable – unreliable21.at very little extra cost – cheap22.to phase these out eventually – to be reduced23.oversee your induction – provide orientation。
雅思阅读同义词替换总结
名师：雅思阅读同义词替换（一）1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive),absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneousgroups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen ^92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often 100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)。
雅思听力常考同义词总结
雅思听力常考同义词总结雅思听力常考同义词总结雅思听力中，雅思听力高频同义词是听力考试贯穿始末的核心，在很多的场景都会出现，比如填空题有，选择题有，在雅思口语中也会需要，在雅思听力材料中，这些雅思听力同义词也会在旅游场景、校园场景、租房场景等出现。
所以，熟悉雅思听力同义词是做好雅思听力的一个重要手段。
1. 住处周围的环境Neighbourhood Surrounding Environment Circunmstance2. 房子空的(可以租到的)Available Vacant Unoccupied On lease3. 房东Landlord Landlady House/Property owner4. 最大值Maximum/up to5. 最小值Minimum/start from6. 取钱Draw Withdraw Cash7. 提前Ahead of time In advance Ahead of time8. 预订Book/Booking Reserve/Reservation9. 入口Entrance Access10. 期刊Periodical Journal11. 注册Enroll Register12. 补习班Seminar Workshop13. 包括Include Involve Include14. 初级的Basic Beginner Introductory15. 科目Subject Discipline16. 物种Species Breed17. 遗传Descend Inherit18. 孵化Hatch Incubate19. 驯化Domesticate Tame20. 部落Tribe Clan21. 肥沃的Rich Fertile22. 贫瘠的Barren Infertile Lean23. 优点n. Advantage Merit Virtue Edge Excellence Predominanceadj. Superior Positive24. 缺点n. Weakness Drawback Shortcoming Flaw Vulnerability Demeritadj. Inferior Negative25. 重要adj. Important Significant Essential Crucial Vitaln. Importance Significance26. 危险Danger Endanger DangerousHazard HazardousThreat Threaten ThreateningJeopardy Jeopardize JeopardousRisk Risky27. 种类n. Type Category Classificationv. Sort Categorize Classify拓展阅读：雅思听力方法之如何应对不同口音首先放开对国际口音的抵触心态很多同学一听到稀奇古怪的口音就会下意识地产生抵触心理，觉得根本不可能听懂。
雅思听力技巧同义替换最详细
听力的8大核心替换1）. 词性的替换 a) 名词和动词的替换 e.g. According to the accommodation rules, _________ can’t be changed. 原文:You must remember that no changes can be made to the meal time. b)名词和形容词的替换 e.g. _________ is a necessity. 原文:It’s necessary to protect the environment.譬如⏹assess--------assessment ⏹development-------develop ⏹Europe-------European⏹如《剑7》Test2 Section3中的Question25题目25、According to Dr. Merry, Antarctica is very cold because⏹A of the shape of the continent⏹B it is surrounded by a frozen sea⏹C it is an extremely dry continentA of the shape of the continent原文 Antarctica is a land mass shaped like a dome, with the result that the winds blow down the slopes at speeds of up to 150km an hour and that’s what makes it so cold.photocopier-photocopy ⏹题干：Need ____to use photocopier⏹Transcripts:…have photocopying facilities…2). 同义词和词组的替换e.g. The pressure on the coastal zone resulted from________.原文: The population shift contributed a lot to the pressure on the coastal zone. 同义/近义词的同义替换⏹cost-------price⏹sign------indication⏹partner----spouse⏹a good place --- a natural placea good project---a popular project⏹satisfy ----meet/ cater for同义/近义词的同义替换Problem:drawback/weakness/ flaw/ weak point/shortcoming/ negative/ limitation/disadvantage同义近义词组例证词：for example/ for instance/ take…as an example/such as/like同义近义词组⏹in order to/ aim at⏹at present/ currently/ at the moment/now/ available⏹at the time/ in the past⏹at times/sometimes/ once in a while/from time to time3肯定否定的同义替换⏹题干：lack of good____⏹Transcripts:poor training题目：On Travelite holidays, people holidaying alone pay___A. the same as other clientsB. only a little more than other clientsC. extra only if they stay in a large room Transcripts:We guarantee that no single client will pay moreA the same as other clients4逻辑同义替换 （改写解释说明）Transcripts:Rexford is just 35 minutes from London Airport.题目：C. near London Airport逻辑同义替换（因果逻辑）Result →→→ Reason:由于，因为because (of), due to, as a result of, result from, on account of, ow ing to, be attributed to逻辑同义替换因果逻辑Reason →→→ Result :导致，引起，为了，造成…cause, lead to, result in, reason for, bring to/about, give rise toaim at, in order to ,w ith the aim of5.主动被动的同义替换⏹题干：Talk by_____⏹Transcripts:then the Director of Studies will talk to you… 如《剑4》Test1 Section2中的Question12 The metal industry was established at Riverside Village by ________ who lived in the area. 原文中变被动为主动：At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here, on the bend in the river.6.和数字相关⏹题干：The open hour of the pub:____⏹Transcripts:The pub is closed from 6pm to 7am⏹e.g. Most bottle makers use about __% recycled glass. 原文为Er, the bottles made in most places contain about three-quarters new glass and the rest is recycled.还有: a quarter=1/4=25%⏹In the 1900s=in the 20th century Score=20 Dozen=12 Decade=107抽象概念具体化⏹剑5 Test 1 Section 4 Q40⏹题目信息： It is suggested that w omen should put a high proportion of their savings in low-risk investments.⏹听力原文； It is usually advised thatw omen should put at least 70% of their savings in low-risk investments.题目里的a high proportion 和听力原文里的 at least 70%就是属于这种抽象概念具体化的同义替换。
雅思剑1到9同义词替换
雅思阅读同义词替换（剑1-剑9）文波雅思李星苑剑9第一篇：1. recognise one's ability/ perceive one's talent/one's talent be perceived2. enrol in a school/attend a school3. sth that made him rich and famous/ sth bring him both fame and fortune4. Immediately understand/instant recognition5. refer to/ known as6. consult/ ask advice of7. now/ current/present/happening8. transmission/ sending information9. response/ reply10. ground rules/ assumptions underlying the research11. likelihood/ it seems/ perhaps, guess, estimate12. life expectancy/ the lifetime of13. most powerful/ the largest/ the biggest/ the best/ the greatest14. resemble/ pretty well like/ be similar to/ same as15. promptly/ immediately/instantly16. migrant/ migrate/ migration17. before/ in advance/ prior/ previously/ former18. make big changes/ redesign/modification/alteration19. lack/ never/no/not/in need of/want20. incomplete fossilised remains/ only fragments are found21. determine/ decide22. obtain/ acquire/ earn / gain / get/ procure/ receive / secure23. dense/ tight/thick/heavy24. indicate/ demonstrate / disclose / display / exhibit/ express/ hint/ imply/ point out/ pr esent/ reveal/ show /signify/suggest剑9第二篇：1. Initiative/initiate/ launch/ pioneer/ introduce/ develop2. National policy/ New Zealand strategy3. Global/international4. Team effort/ institutional working party5. Hypothesis/guess/ speculation/ possibility/theory/potential6. Suitable/appropriate7. Worldwide regulations/ international standard8. Medical conditions/ illness/ disease9. Place…at risk/ leave…vulnerable10. Auditory problems/hearing loss11. Study/carry out research12. Machinery noise/ noise generated by machine13. Child which have not been diagnosed/ undiagnosed children14. Current teaching method/ modern teaching practices15. Cooling systems/ air-conditioning/mechanical means of ventilation16. Different/distinct/varied/reverse17. Prevent/keep from/inhibit/stop/thwart18. Potential/future/be expected to be/possible/likely19. Fail to do/never/not/unable to do20. Calculate/determine the value21. Be worked out/be calculated22. Realise/recognise/show/see/understand23. Witness/view/see/observe24. Distorted/look smeared/not circular剑9第三篇：1. Competitive/competitors/competition2. Achievement/success3. Because/thus/It is… that强调句型/so4. Rely on previous events/draw on past experience5. A result of/ a product of6. Pitfalls/ traps/snares7. Exposure to …/bombard…with8. Receptive/receive/embrace/accept/agree9. Novelty/new experience10. Fear/phobia11. Embarrassment/ridicule12. Psychological illness/mental disorder13. Decide/decision14. Scientific/science/technology/technological15. Argue/argument/debate/debatable/discuss/dispute/disputable16. Understandable/understand/reasonable17. Be affected by/influence18. Still exist/be still with us19. Stop/halt/prevent/end20. Pointless/not/no point of21. Misrepresented/paint unreal pictures22. The custom of speaking/ popular speech23. Grammatical rules/ rules of grammar24. Alternative/choice/way/replacement剑9第四篇1. Back into Britain/ re-import into Britain2. Reliable/predictable3. Cut down/reduce4. Increase income/export earner5. Power station/power plant6. In the vicinity of/around/nearby7. Extraction of seaweed/clean seaweed8. Result from/cause9. In danger/at risk10. Comparatively/relatively11. Explanation/explain/reason12. Transmission of information/information pass on/information send back/transmit13. Unnecessary/redundant/superfluous14. Incident/event15. Initially/originally16. Be about to stop working/on the brink of failing17. Be used to/by means of18. Send messages over distances/transmit information from place to place19. Signal strength/ strength of the signal20. From her childhood/when she was a child21. Her children were born/birth of her two daughters22. Marie took over the teaching position/she was appointed to the professorship23. Have the same property/…is true for …24. Receive recognition/be awarded剑9其他：1. Collect/accumulate2. Both…and/not only…but also3. Stock sth./ a stock of sth.4. Be exposed to/ by exposure to5. Imitation/imitate/mimic6. Be contingent on/ depend on7. Mastery/power8.The aspects of self-awareness is difficult to research directly/Empirical investigation of the se lf-as-subject are rather scarce9. …is link to …/the link between…and…10. Primarily intend for the public/for the ordinary visitor11. Personal involvement/themselves can act as if part of the historical environment12. …and …are less easy to distinguish than before/ the sharp distinction is gradually evapor ating13. Balance the conflicting priorities/ steer a narrow course between the demand of …14. Reveal/present/presentation15. Durable objects/ transitory nature of the materials(反义词)16. Consumer/market force17. Give false impression/ bias in the representation18. Current trend/majority of the public剑8：Cambridge 8 TEST 11. agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.同意2. sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法3. significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性4. meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what will happen in the future n.通灵学6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变8. trial=experiment=test n.实验9. success rate=positive result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.认出，识别11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.限制12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.独特的13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷的15. farming=agriculture n.农业16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make up=conceive=coin=dream up v.创造19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v. 分开21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新的，革命的22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组织，使协调24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash 空难26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v. 导致27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj.过于简化的，不完整的29. altitude=from…meters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度30. zone=airspace=region=area=district=quarter=block=suburb n.区域31. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.发展，进化36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings regularlyfrom side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧合的41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse to obey a rule or law v.不服从Cambridge 8 TEST 2drastically : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地carry out : subject to : 使服从remain=stay=keep=continue to be=still v.保持detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware /conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查fault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.缺陷，缺点enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=core adj.主要的:documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.干旱的period=cycle=era=age n.年代random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究smell=odour=scent n.气味interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解define=distinguish=tell the difference v.使明确damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take a look v.显示to be defined=unanswered 无答案的husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds夫妇linguistic=language n.语言describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an account of=tell of v. 述lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.缺乏的do not smell=odorless 没有气味的regard as=consider to 把…认作unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.极讨厌的certain=some=a measure of adj.一些correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致relevance n.关联float=afloat v.浮动Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life 寿命20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 41. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式3. less successful student=struggler 差等生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5. achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细的，精心的9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=another n.补充，帮助10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统19. feed on=prey on 以…为食20. blight=plague v.破坏21. wipe out=eradicate=get rid of=abolish=scrap=do away with=eliminate 根除22. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfect match /pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.兼容的26. specimen=individual n.标本27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地30. pitfall=trap n.陷阱31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小程度的维修与介入32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroy crops n.杀虫剂33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂剑7Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.2. avoid=stay away=keep away=steer clear of=make a detour 避免v.3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的adj.20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认v.22. be similar to=like=resemble=bear a resemblance to=akin to 相似v.23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理v.26. imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example 模仿v.27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持v.28. feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume 喂食v.29. illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明v.30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆v.31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的v.32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到v.33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持v.34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信v.35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的adj. Cambridge 7 TEST 21. interior=inner=inside 内部的adj.2. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变v.3. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立v.4. official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.6. collapse=fall=fall over=fall down 倒塌v.7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭v.8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收v.9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的adj.10. purify=refine=distill 净化v.11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的adj.12. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏v.14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出v.15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论v.16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应v.17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起v.18. refer to=mention=allude to=touch on 到v.19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同v.20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求n.21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开v.22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍v.24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标n.25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行v.26. promote=encourage=help=aid 促进v.27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告v.28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入n.Cambridge 7 TEST 31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量v.3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道n.4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v.7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to 限制v.8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.9. allow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 议n.11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的adj.12. odour=smell=stench=stink 味道n.13. find one's way=navigate 导航v.14. bearing=position=standing 方位n.15. exchange=share=distribute 分享v.16. waste=unwanted materials=rubbish=garbage=trash 废物n.17. dental=teeth 牙齿的adj.18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先n.19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励v.20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索v.21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素n.22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养v.23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化v.25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护v.26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.27. allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配v.28. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的adj.30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进， 高v.31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可持续的adj.33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据n.34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 41. large numbers of=tens of thousands of=many 大量的2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的adj.3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像v.4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人n.5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v.6. decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止v.8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的adj.9. establish=found=build=set up 建立v.10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge承认v.12. label=display=call=brand=hail 贴标签，命名v.13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v.14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的adj.17. generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered 大体上的adv.18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前adv.19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用v.20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为21. raise=lift=lift up=pick up=scoop up 使…上升v.22. in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well 除此之外23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民n.24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败n.25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证v.27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助v.28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认v.29. permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize 许可v.30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰v.31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复v.32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止v.33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰v.34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的adj.35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发v.36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的adj.37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的adj.38. require=demand=need=call for 要求v.39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳n.40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示v.41. concentrate=pay attention=put one's mind on=attentive 专注v.42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产v.43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行v.44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行v.剑6：Cambridge 6 TEST 1exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.expertise=skill 专门技术n.employ=analyze=study 使用v.investigation=analysis 调查n.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.funded support=finance 资金n.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n.calculate=measure 计算v.event=championship 赛事n.plan=prepare=design 计划v.improve=grow=get better 进步v.trade=economy 贸易n.transport=import or export=deliver 运输v.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.delivery=export or import 运输n.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj.shipping=freight 船运n.cargo=freight=goods 货物n.tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n.landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view风景n. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n.supply=provision=support 供给n.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration尊重n. understanding=knowledge 了解n.well-being=health 健康n.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj.catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.surrounding=environment=circumstance 环境n.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的present inhabitant=descendant 居民give up=abandon 放弃mainly=heavily=most 主要地visit=venture 参观Cambridge 6 TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.13. move from one to another=adopt one over another 转移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.33. concept=abstract idea=definition 定义n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n. 雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六TEST 3)Cambridge 6 TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝8. describe=tell 述v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老27. people=mortal=people=individual 人n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.剑5Cambridge 5 TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2. central=middle中心的adj.3. did not have=without没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer带来v.5. time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.。
同义词替换（剑五）
同义词替换（剑五）同义词替换（剑五）Test 11.produce=develop=manufacture生产v.2.central=middle中心的adj.3.did not have=without没有v.4.bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=off er带来v.5.time limit=deadline时间限制，期限n.6.increase=goup/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pick up =widen=intensify= build up增加v.7.assistant= helper=coach 助手n.8.immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormo us=tremendous=large scale/large-scale巨大的adj.9.illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=makeclear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10.quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or oftenused 引用语n.11.predecessor=someone who had your job before you starteddoing it 前辈，前任n.12.rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with insport, business, a fight etc= competitor 对手，竞争者n.13.distraction=something that stops you paying attention towhatyou are doing分心的事物n.14.fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness ?= bug= virus=besomething wrong with 错误，缺点n.15.cornerstone= basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16.confer=award=present =grant=allocate 给予v.17.stability=the condition of being steady and not changing 稳定n.18.prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day流行,获胜v.19.contract= agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20.grant=award=present=confer=allocate给予v.21.fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you areattracted to them and think they are extremely interesting 吸引，使着迷v.22.disturb=interrupt=bother =distract=put somebody off打扰v.23.expect=think =anticipate预期，期待v.24.psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people'sbehavior 心理学n.25.obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conformto=observe=respect=toe the line=go by the book/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.26.identity=someone’s identity is their name or who they are身份n.27.severity=used of the degree of something undesirable严重性n.28.unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生v.29.deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely故意地adv.30.moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrongbehavior, and with the difference between good and evil道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31.prior to=before=previous在…前面32.repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times重复n.33.genetic=relating to genes or genetics基因的，遗传学的adj.34.sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, inorder to get something that is more important牺牲v.35.victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered受害者n.36.forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37.persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38.surrender=give in 投降，放弃v.39.extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not existanymore=disappear=vanish灭绝的，绝种的adj.40.abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.41.exaggerate=overstate夸张，夸大v.42.phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society,science, or nature, especially something that is studied becauseit is difficult to understand 现象n.43.perception=idea=notion=view=belief= insight认识，观念，看法n.44.impression=infection=effect=influence=affection印象，感想n.45.entitle=to give someone the official right to do or havesomething 使某人有权利/资格v.46.distortion=a change for the worse=deformation扭曲，曲解v.47.dispose=to arrange things or put them in theirplaces=arrange=settle =manage=cope with=deal with安排，处理v.48.intuition=the ability to understand or know something becauseof a feeling rather than by considering the facts= instinct直觉n.49.emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air排放物，散发物n.50.diminish=reduce=decrease= fall=lessen=cut 减少，减小v.51.postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟v.52.crucial=important= critical=vital=necessary=essential至关重要的adj.53.pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the futureor that something will have a bad result=getting worse悲观的adj.54.attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力n.&v.Test 21.similar=like=resemble相似的adj.2.derive=originate=come from=stem from起源v.3.impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=en couragement 动机，动力n.4.generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture产生v.5.couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6.factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7.unique=have the distinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special独特的adj.8.advance=progress=development=growth=increase进步n.9.field=domain=territory= industry=sector领域n.10.alternative=substitute=replacement替代物n.11.like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12.resource=material=source资源，来源n.13.limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite有限的adj.14.involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15.current=modern=recent=present最近的adj.16.particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=uniqu e特别的，独有的adj.17.draw on=absorb=do with吸收v.18.settle on=make choice of=decide on选定v.19.superiority=advantage=edge=high quality优势n.20.accompany=when=keep company=be associated with陪伴，伴随v.21.view=belief=opinion= insight=perception 观点n.22.artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine人工智能n.23.involve with=associate with=link to= relate to与…有关联v.24.release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver 发行，发表v.25.difficult=demanding=hard=tough困难的adj.26.task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.27.instantly=rapidly=immediately立即地adv.28.react=respond 反应v.29.relate to=depend on=link to=associate with=involve with与…有关系v.30.subject views=outlook=personal/individualviews=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31.distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of somethingso that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct= misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32.figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33.assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate= judgment评估，估计v.34.emerge=appear=come forth出现v.35.remain=keep=stay=maintain保持v.36.exploitation=development=utilization=usage利用，使用n.37.foster=cultivate=raise=nurture培养，养育v.38.overtake=catch up=sweep over赶上，压倒v.39.initial=original=premier最初的，开始的adj.40.whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but= yet然而，但是adv.Test 31.outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence结果，后果n.2.overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3.insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4.supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v./doc/005986772.html,unch=release=projec t=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6.suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7.detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8.handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar= deterrent障碍，困难n.9.peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who havethe same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10.positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11.administer=manage=conduct=implement= perform执行，管理v.12.funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13.interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to eachother, work together etc. 互动v.14.irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15.sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock,earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16.interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17.process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18.threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19.valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20.construct=build=make=found 建造v.21.blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsiblefor something bad责备，怪罪v.22.stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23.long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24.impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25.occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26.contain=include=cover=possess 包含v./doc/005986772.html,itary=battlefield=ma rtial军事的adj.28.separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29.vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30.consciousness=awareness 意识n.31.ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32.encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33.reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel 认为v.34.widespread=universal=extensive=popular= general广泛的，普遍的adj./doc/005986772.html,unch=coin=project= release=issue创新，开辟v.36.contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37.potential=possible=underlying=likely= expected=latent潜在的，可能的adj.38.prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39.perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.Test 4/doc/005986772.html,munity=organization =group=body团体n.2.fragile=delicate脆弱的adj.3.remote=distant 遥远的adj.4.require=desire=order=command要求v.5.inhabitant=resident=dweller居住者，居民n.6.consequently=thus=accordingly=hence= therefore=as a result结果，因此adv.7.destination=goal=end point=terminus目的地n.8.throughout=around=wholly= everywhere=end-to-end自始至终，到处，全部adv.9.operate=act=run运转v.10.output=product输出，产品n.11.decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession 下降n.12.undermine= destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13.revive=renaissance复兴v.14.unusual=rare=strange=uncommon罕见的，不寻常的adj.15.ordinary=standard=common=usual= general普通的,平常的adj.16.fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins碎片n.17.break=shatter= crack打碎，打破v.18.interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19.insist=claim=argue=believe=think坚持，坚称v.20.expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance扩张，扩大v.21.suppress=control=restrain=repress=putdown=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22.speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed 加速v.23.examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investi gate检查，调查v.24.dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue争论，争执n.&v.25.detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=i nspect察觉，发现v.26.claim=say=state =insist=argue=think=believe声称v.27.cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence提示，信号，暗号n.28.unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable无法预测的adj.29.be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30.encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost= inspire鼓励，促使v.31.considerable=plenty=big=major=important数量可观的adj.32.regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33.adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate= suitable充足的,适当的adj.34.assure=makesure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=makecertain of保证，确保v.35.suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.。
【美联英语】剑桥雅思5-10同义词替换汇总之剑5test3
小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0美联英语提供：剑桥雅思5-10同义词替换汇总之剑5test3Cambridge 5 TEST 31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc.同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in打断，打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial军事的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel认为v.34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general广泛的，普遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue创新，开辟v.36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 潜在的，可能的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint感觉，领悟n.小编给你一个美联英语官方试听课申请链接：/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0。
【小站教育】雅思阅读(剑 1-剑 9)中那些可以互相替换的同义词
雅思阅读同义词替换（剑1-剑9）剑9 第一篇：1. recognise one's ability/ perceive one's talent/one's talent be perceived2. enrol in a school/attend a school3. sth that made him rich and famous/ sth bring him both fame and fortune4. Immediately understand/instant recognition5. refer to/ known as6. consult/ ask advice of7. now/ current/present/happening8. transmission/ sending information9. response/ reply10. ground rules/ assumptions underlying the research11. likelihood/ it seems/ perhaps, guess, estimate12. life expectancy/ the lifetime of13. most powerful/ the largest/ the biggest/ the best/ the greatest14. resemble/ pretty well like/ be similar to/ same as15. promptly/ immediately/instantly16. migrant/ migrate/ migration17. before/ in advance/ prior/ previously/ former18. make big changes/ redesign/modification/alteration19. lack/ never/no/not/in need of/want20. incomplete fossilised remains/ only fragments are found21. determine/ decide22. obtain/ acquire/ earn / gain / get/ procure/ receive / secure23. dense/ tight/thick/heavy24. indicate/ demonstrate / disclose / display / exhibit/ express/ hint/ imply/ point out/ pr esent/ reveal/ show /signify/suggest剑9 第二篇：1. Initiative/initiate/ launch/ pioneer/ introduce/ develop2. National policy/ New Zealand strategy3. Global/international4. Team effort/ institutional working party5. Hypothesis/guess/ speculation/ possibility/theory/potential6. Suitable/appropriate7. Worldwide regulations/ international standard8. Medical conditions/ illness/ disease9. Place…at risk/ leave…vulnerable10. Auditory problems/hearing loss11. Study/carry out research12. Machinery noise/ noise generated by machine13. Child which have not been diagnosed/ undiagnosed children14. Current teaching method/ modern teaching practices15. Cooling systems/ air-conditioning/mechanical means of ventilation16. Different/distinct/varied/reverse17. Prevent/keep from/inhibit/stop/thwart18. Potential/future/be expected to be/possible/likely19. Fail to do/never/not/unable to do20. Calculate/determine the value21. Be worked out/be calculated22. Realise/recognise/show/see/understand23. Witness/view/see/observe24. Distorted/look smeared/not circular剑9 第三篇：1. Competitive/competitors/competition2. Achievement/success3. Because/thus/It is… that 强调句型/so4. Rely on previous events/draw on past experience5. A result of/ a product of6. Pitfalls/ traps/snares7. Exposure to …/bombard…with8. Receptive/receive/embrace/accept/agree9. Novelty/new experience10. Fear/phobia11. Embarrassment/ridicule12. Psychological illness/mental disorder13. Decide/decision14. Scientific/science/technology/technological15. Argue/argument/debate/debatable/discuss/dispute/disputable16. Understandable/understand/reasonable17. Be affected by/influence18. Still exist/be still with us19. Stop/halt/prevent/end20. Pointless/not/no point of21. Misrepresented/paint unreal pictures22. The custom of speaking/ popular speech23. Grammatical rules/ rules of grammar24. Alternative/choice/way/replacement剑9 第四篇1. Back into Britain/ re-import into Britain2. Reliable/predictable3. Cut down/reduce4. Increase income/export earner5. Power station/power plant6. In the vicinity of/around/nearby7. Extraction of seaweed/clean seaweed8. Result from/cause9. In danger/at risk10. Comparatively/relatively11. Explanation/explain/reason12. Transmission of information/information pass on/information send back/transmit13. Unnecessary/redundant/superfluous14. Incident/event15. Initially/originally16. Be about to stop working/on the brink of failing17. Be used to/by means of18. Send messages over distances/transmit information from place to place19. Signal strength/ strength of the signal20. From her childhood/when she was a child21. Her children were born/birth of her two daughters22. Marie took over the teaching position/she was appointed to the professorship23. Have the same property/…is true for …24. Receive recognition/be awarded400-080-6358剑9 其他：1. Collect/accumulate2. Bot h…and/not onl y…but also3. Stock sth./ a stock of sth.4. Be exposed to/ by exposure to5. Imitation/imitate/mimic6. Be contingent on/ depend on7. Mastery/power8.The aspects of self-awareness is difficult to research directly/Empirical investigation of the self-as-subject are rather scarce9. …is link to …/the link betwee n…a nd…10. Primarily intend for the public/for the ordinary visitor11. Personal involvement/themselves can act as if part of the historical environment12. …and …are less easy to distinguish than before/ the sharp distinction is gradually evaporating13. Balance the conflicting priorities/ steer a narrow course between the demand of …14. Reveal/present/presentation15. Durable objects/ transitory nature of the materials(反义词)16. Consumer/market force17. Give false impression/ bias in the representation18. Current trend/majority of the public剑8：Cambridge 8 TEST 11. agree=concur=go along with=fall in with=go with v.同意2. sceptic and advocate=different attitude 不同的看法3. significance=impressive=meaning=sense n.重要性4. meditation: the practice of emptying your mind of thoughts and feelings, in order to relax completely or for religious reasons n.冥想，沉思5. parapsychology: the scientific study of mysterious abilities that some people claim to have, such as knowing what will happen in the future n.通灵学6. environment=condition=light, sound, warmth=situation=circumstance n.环境7. alter=change=revise=make changes v. 改变8. trial=experiment=test n.实验9. success rate=positive result=achievement=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就10. pick out=identify=recognize=know=tell v.认出，识别11. limit=minimize=maximum=the most=ceiling=cut-off point v.限制12. different=individual=not like=vary=not the same=contrast with=diverse adj.独特的13. invention=device=creation=innovation n.发明，装置14. cold temperature=freezing weather=chilly=frosty=wintry=cold snap adj.寒冷的15. farming=agriculture n.农业16. simultaneous=at the same time=together=at once=at one time adj.同时的17. uniform=equal=homogeneous adj.均衡的18. devise=formulate=invent=create=come up with=make up=conceive=coin=dream up v.创造19. civil=municipal=metropolitan adj.城市的20. divide=split=separate=break up=break down=take apart=take something to piece v.分开21. new=revolutionary=original=innovation=fresh=novel=be in its infancy adj.新的，革命的22. create=introduce=invent=make sth. do sth.=be the cause=lead to sth. v..发明23. organize=co-ordinate=arrange=set out=put something in order=line up v.组织，使协调24. public event=communal activity 公众、社交活动25. aviation disaster=sky accident=air crash 空难26. prompt=result in=lead to=make somebody do something=cause somebody to do something=lead somebody to do something=motivate=induce somebody to do something v.导致27. resemble=like=similar=alike=much the same=comparable v.类似28. oversimplify=incomplete=simplistic=generalize=see things in black and white adj.过于简化的，不完整的29. altitude=fr om…m eters above the ground=height=how high=level n.高度400-080-635831. weather=meteorological=climate=condition n.气候32. categorize=class / type=sort=classify=be grouped=grade v.分类33. create=establish=invent=start up=open=set up=found=inception v.创建34. beacon and flashing=light=beam n.灯光35. improve=develop=evolve=get better=catch up=pick up=things are looking up v.发展，进化36. aircraft=plane=by air n.飞机37. average-sized=medium-sized adj. 中等的38. city=metropolitan=urban=town=village=civic=municipal=downtown n.城市39. pendulum : a long metal stick with a weight at the bottom that swings regularlyfrom side to side to control the working of a clock n.钟摆40. coincidental : happening completely by chance without being planned adj.巧合的41. disobey : to refuse to do what someone with authority tells you to do, or refuse toobey a rule or law v.不服从Cambridge 8 TEST 2drastically : extreme and sudden adv.彻底地carry out :subject to : 使服从remain=stay=keep=continue tobe=still v.保持detect=inspect=examine=notice=spot=become aware /conscious=note=conserve=perceive v.检查400-080-6358f ault=flaw=defect=trouble=bug=virus=be something wrong with=be something matter with n.缺陷，缺点enough=sufficient=adequate=cover=meet somebody's need adj.足够的main=largely=principal=chief=major=key=primary=prime=predominant=core adj.主要的:documentation=written account=evidence=proof n.证明shift=switch=transfer=move=jerk v.转换consistent=lasting=stay the same=constant=unchanging adj.持续的drought=no rain at all=dry=dusty adj.干旱的period=cycle=era=age n.年代random=arbitrary=at random adj.随机的molten=hot=heat=boiling / boiling hot=scalding / scalding hot adj.熔化的intense=strong=passionate=powerful=deep adj.强烈的discover=explore=find / unearth=turn up v.开发，发现pattern=trade / commodity=business n.贸易relate to=associate with=link to / connect to=identify with 联系feeling=emotional response / sensory=a sense of=passion n. 感觉unappreciated=undervalued adj.低估的difficult=elusive=hard / tough=easier said than done adj.困难的，难懂的study=research=analyse=do/conduct research v.研究400-080-6358smell=odou r=scent n.气味interpretation=be considered to be=understanding=reading n.理解define=distinguish=tell the difference v.使明确damage=impair=break=do/cause damage=scratch v.损害realize=consciously consider=occur to=become aware=sink in=strike=hit=wake up to the fact that v.想到reveal=show=demonstrate=let somebody see=present=expose=let somebody take a look v.显示to be defined=unanswered 无答案的husbands and wives=marriage partner / spouse=couple=newlyweds 夫妇linguistic=language n.语言describe=name=express=give a description of=talk about=write about=give an account of=tell of v.描述lack=do not exist=not enough=scarce=inadequate=insufficient=in short supply v.缺乏的do not smell=odorless 没有气味的regard as=consider to 把…认作unpleasant=offensive=horrible / disgusting / revolting=not very nice=nasty adj.极讨厌的certain=some=a measure of adj.一些correspond=be consist of=coincide=match up v.一致relevance n.关联float=afloat v.浮动Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天才11. inherit=run in family=receive=get=be given=be awarded v.继承12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 31. building=property=construction n.建筑2. support=back=be behind=in support of=back somebody up v.支持3. financial support=fund=financial aid 资助4. stumbling block=difficulty=trouble n.麻烦5. create=generate=form=produce v.形成6. direct=guide=lead=instruct=give order/instruction v.指导7. beam=laser=ray=glow=glare n.光线，激光8. aim=direct at=purpose=point=idea=objective=goal=target n.目的9. test in real=field test 实地测试10. genius=giftedness / talent / intellectual=intelligence=brains=brilliant=wisdom n.天12. talent=prodigy=skill=ability=craftsmanship=flair=have a knack=a natural ability to do something well n.才能，技能13. lessen=minimize=subside=lighten=relieve=ease=allay v.减少14. significance=supremacy=definition=meaning=sense=connotation n.重要性15. achieve=make=succeed=manage=make progress=accomplish=get results v.达成16. limitation=restricted=disadvantage=drawback=liability=the downside n.限制17. inexorable=inevitable=unstoppable=remorseless adj.无法改变的18. stable=characteristic=constant=steady=fixed=unchanging adj.稳定的19. life span=duration of life 寿命20. biological clock=internal clock 生物钟21. prolong=extend=drag out=spin out v.延伸，延长22. principle=law=conscience=scruples n.原则，法则23. optimal=better=best adj.最佳的24. conserve=save / frugal=reserve=keep back v.节约，保存25. immortality : the state of living for ever or being remembered for ever adj.不朽的26. organism=living thing=life form=wildlife =an animal, plant, human, or any other living thing n.有机的Cambridge 8 TEST 41. middle-year education=lower secondary school 中学2. format=pattern n.格式生4. key=contributing factor=important=major=significant=critical n.关键5. achievement=attainment=progress=breakthrough=accomplishment n.成就6. spacious=largely=big=huge=vast=enormous=immense adj.广阔的7. adapt=accessible=get used to=become/grow accustomed to=adjust to v.适应，可接近的8. careful=elaborate=conscientious=thorough=meticulous=methodical adj.仔细的，精心的9. supplementary=assist=additional=extra=further=added=spare=more=another n.补充，帮助10. effort=hard work=work at=push yourself=labour n.努力11. correct answer=accuracy n.精确12. imbalance=disorder=unequal=disproportionate n.不平衡，紊乱13. no longer respond=resistance=fight against 抵抗14. cost=financial outlay=spend=charge=fare=rental=toll n.支出15. innate=built-in adj.先天的16. immunity=resistance n.免疫力17. entail=involve v.包含18. circumstance=system n.环境，系统19. feed on=prey on 以…为食20. blight=plague v.破坏400-080-635822. plague=infest=troublesome v.折磨23. compare=determination of variation=contrast=liken=make a comparison=draw an analogy=draw a parallel v.对比24. criterion=identification=standard=scale n.标准，识别25. compatible=use both method=well-matched=be made for each other=be a perfect match /pair/couple=be right for=be ideally suited adj.兼容的26. specimen=individual n.标本27. container=plastic or glass tube n.容器28. wet=marshy=soaked=waterlogged=awash adj.湿的29. habitat=area=the environment=ecosystem=ecology n.栖息地30. pitfall=trap n.陷阱31. little time and effort is required=minimal maintenance and intervention 最小程度的维修与介入32. pesticide: a chemical substance used to kill insects and small animals that destroycrops n.杀虫剂33. preservative: a chemical substance that is used to prevent things from decaying, for example food or wood n.防腐剂剑7Cambridge 7 TEST 11. rely on=depend on 依靠v.v.400-080-6358 3. die out=extinct=disappear=no longer exist 灭绝v.4. hunt=search for=look for=try to find=in search of 打猎v.5. limb=arm or leg=body=organ 四肢n.6. perceive=sense=see=spot=become aware of=observe 感知，感觉v.7. calculate=measure=work out=figure=estimate=access 计算v.8. detection=finding=observation 探测n.9. coin=invent=make=create=come up with 发明，创造v.10. inaccurate=incorrect=wrong=misleading 不精确的adj.11. revision=change=shift=reform=alteration 改进n.12. downward=fall=drop=downhill 下降的adj.13. increasing=soaring=growing=rising 上升的adj.14. primarily=mainly=largely=chiefly=principally 主要地adv.15. due to=because of=as a result of=thanks to=owing to 因为16. decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.17. radical=not traditional=new=unconventional 激进的adj.18. prior to=beforehand=before=in advance=on the eve of 之前19. demanding=difficult=hard=challenging=tough 要求高的，艰难的adj.20. well known=notorious=famous=renowned 著名的adj.21. admit=acknowledge=confess=to tell the truth 承认v.v.400-080-6358 23. result in=lead to=cause=give rise to=bring about 引发，导致24. sophisticated=advanced=high-tech=complex=complicated 复杂的25. address=solve=deal with=handle 处理v.26. imitate=copy=impersonate=follow one's example 模仿v.27. maintain=continue=carry on=keep up=preserve 维持v.28. feed=eat=have=chew=swallow=consume 喂食v.29. illustrate=show=demonstrate=make clear=reflect 说明v.30. memorise=learn=commit something to memory 记忆v.31. conventional=traditional=conformist=conservative 传统的v.32. notice=see=spot=be aware of=be conscious of 注意到v.33. retain=keep=save=hold on to 保持v.34. convince=persuade=win sb. over=satisfy 使确信v.35. spectacular=impressive=imposing=striking=grand 壮观的adj. Cambridge 7 TEST 21. interior=inner=inside 内部的adj.2. change=shift=alter=transfer 改变v.3. establish=build=found=set up=start 建立v.4. official=authority=leader=supervisor 官员n.5. isolated=inaccessible=distant=remote=faraway 隔离的, 边远的adj.v.7. destroy=devastate=wreck=obliterate 毁灭v.8. absorb=digest=take in=assimilate 吸收v.9. severe=serious=stiff=heavy 严重的adj.10. purify=refine=distill 净化v.11. hidden=disguised=concealed=veiled 隐藏的adj.12. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.13. deteriorate=get worse=go down=decline 变坏v.14. recognize=know=identify=pick out 认出v.15. conclude=summarize=come to/reach the conclusion 得出结论v.16. adapt to=get used to=become accustomed to=adjust to 适应v.17. initiate=start=launch=open=set in motion 开始，发起v.18. refer to=mention=allude to=touch on 提到v.19. identify=name=recognize=diagnose 确定，认同v.20. request=demand=claim=petition=appeal 要求n.21. be divided into=separate=split=break up=break down 分开v.22. consist of=be made up of=be composed of=comprise 由…组成23. hinder=hamper=impede 阻碍v.24. objective=aim=purpose=goal=target 目标n.25. implement=carry on=execute=put sth. Into practice 实行v.v.27. warn=caution=alert=give sb. a warning 警告v.28. observation post=watchtower 瞭望塔n.29. access=entrance=entryway=way in 通路，进入n.Cambridge 7 TEST 31. cause=reason=factor=origin=root 原因n.2. measure=weigh=time=take=read 测量v.3. route=motorway=highway=expressway 车道n.4. exclude=omit=miss out=leave out=drop 排除在外v.5. renewable=sustainable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可再生的adj.6. exist=there is/are=be found=occur 存在v.7. limit=restrict=constrain=confine=keep to 限制v.8. boundary=border=edge=outskirts=frontier 边界n.9. allow for=make sth. Possible 使…成为可能10. proposal=suggestion=recommendation=proposition 提议n.11. urban=city=town=municipal 城市的adj.12. odour=smell=stench=stink 味道n.13. find one's way=navigate 导航v.14. bearing=position=standing 方位n.15. exchange=share=distribute 分享v.n.17. dental=teeth 牙齿的adj.18. priority=preferential=the most important=overriding 优先n.19. encourage=promote=help=support=be supportive 鼓励v.20. explore=look for=discuss=think 探索v.21. factor=cause=reason=root=origin 因素n.22. cultivate=grow=raise 培养v.23. convert=modify=transfer=adapt=customize 转变v.24. digest=take in=absorb=assimilate 消化v.25. preserve=protect=keep=store=keep sth. In storage 保存，保护v.26. monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.27. allocate=distribute=apportion=grant=confer 分配v.28. decline=decrease=reduce=fall=drop 下降v.29. fragile=weak=delicate=breakable=feeble 脆弱的adj.30. upgrade=improve=make sth.better=make improvements 改进，提高v.31. advanced=developed=sophisticated=high-tech 先进的adj.32. sustainable=renewable=recycling=environmentally friendly 可持续的adj.33. evidence=proof=documentation 证据n.34. long-standing=lengthy=long-running=lasting 长期的adj.Cambridge 7 TEST 4的2. large=massive=huge=enormous=vast 巨大的adj.3. resemble=look like=alike=much the same=akin to 相像v.4. foe=enemy=adversary=hostile 敌人n.5. more than=exceed=over=in excess of 超过v.6. decrease=crash=reduction=fall=drop 下降n.7. stop=halt=come to a halt 停止v.8. sufficient=abundant=enough=adequate 充足的adj.9. establish=found=build=set up 建立v.10. be Successful=prosper=do well=succeed=thrive 成功11. recognize=certify=accept=acknowledge 承认v.12. label=display=call=brand=hail 贴标签，命名v.13. adapt=adjust=get used to=become/grow accustomed to 适应v.14. mistake=error=fault=slip=mix-up 错误n.15. keep a check on=monitor=watch=keep an eye on 监视v.16. unexpected=unpredictable=unforeseeable 不可预见的adj.17. generally=in general=in the whole=all in all=all things considered 大体上的adv.18. previously=before=earlier=formerly 先前adv.19. apply=use=make use of=exercise=utilize 应用v.20. due to=because=since=owing to=thanks to=as a result of 因为v.22. in addition=besides=additionally=too=also=as well 除此之外23. inhabitant=resident=population=citizen=local 居民n.24. collapse=failure=fall 崩塌，失败n.25. set up=establish=found=start=open 建立26. ensure=make sure=make certain=see to it that 保证v.27. assist=help=aid=give a hand=do sth. For 协助v.28. deny=refuse=withhold 否认v.29. permit=allow=let=agree to=authorize 许可v.30. interfere=intrude=disrupt=meddle 干扰v.31. repeat=redo=retake=do sth. again 重复v.32. prevent=stop=restrain=hold back=discourage 阻止v.33. disrupt=disturb=upset=break up 打扰v.34. long-term=chronic=long=lengthy=long-running 长期的adj.35. expose=show=reveal=present=let sb. see 暴露，揭发v.36. intense=strong=passionate=powerful=fervent 强烈的adj.37. random=arbitrary=at random 任意的，随机的adj.38. require=demand=need=call for 要求v.39. fatigue=tiredness=exhaustion=drowsiness 疲劳n.40. manifest=show=reveal=present 显示v.v.42. produce=make=manufacture=create=fashion 生产v.43. carry out=implement=put sth. into practice=execute 实行v.44. perform=do=conduct=dabble in 执行v.剑6：Cambridge 6 TEST 1exchange=apply something learned in one to others=change 交流v.expertise=skill 专门技术n.employ=analyze=study 使用v.investigation=analysis 调查n.narrow=focus on 缩小范围v.reproduce=copy=replicate=repeat 复制v.funded support=finance 资金n.athlete=sportsmen and women 运动员n. calculate=measure 计算v.event=championship 赛事n.plan=prepare=design 计划v.improve=grow=get better 进步v.trade=economy 贸易n.v.local=domestic=native=indigenous 当地的adj.weakening=less=reduced=decreased 下降的adj.value=worth=price=credit=use=benefit=profit 价值n.delivery=export or import 运输n.nearby nations=geographic neighbours 近邻n.international=ocean=global=worldwide 国际的adj. shipping=freight 船运n.cargo=freight=goods 货物n. tariff=charge=fee=tax 税费n. landscape=environment=nature=surrounding=circumstance=view 风景n. difficult=harsh=demanding=tough=challenging 困难的adj.essential supplies=food and clothing=necessities 必需品n. supply=provision=support 供给n.grow=increase=rise=improve=go up=boost=expand=extend 增长v. respect=credibility=weight=hour=admiration=consideration 尊重n. understanding=knowledge 了解n.well-being=health 健康n.impossible=out of the question=unlikely 不可能adj. catch=exploit=capture 抓捕v.n.push to one's limits=test one's limits 挑战极限not unmanageable=can cope with 能处理的present inhabitant=descendant 居民give up=abandon 放弃mainly=heavily=most 主要地visit=venture 参观Cambridge 6 TEST 21. successfully=spectacularly well=wonderfully 成功地adv.2. people power=local pressure groups 群众力量n.3. commute=travel 通勤v.4. higher=increasing=more 更高的adj.5. income=wealth=salary=wage=payment 收入n.6. beneficial=valuable=profitable=good 有益的adj.7. together=face to face 共同8. refute=not mean=rebut=deny 反驳v.9. accommodation=live=living condition 住宿n.10. usage=use=benefit=profit 用处n.11. averagely good=reasonable but not special 较好的12. limited=minimal 有限的adj.移14. show=reveal=uncover=indicate=point out=imply 表明15. related=associated 有关联的adj.16. suffer=be afflicted 忍受(病痛)v.17. research=study=investigation=survey 研究n.18. affect=afflict=influence=change 影响v.19. disease=medical complain=illness 病痛n.20. increase=surge=rise=gain=grow=go up=add=escalate 上升v.21. link=correlation=connection=relationship 关系n.22. considerable=significant=substantial=massive=marked 大量的adj.23. reduction=drop=concession=fall=decrease 下降n.24. elderly people=old people 老人n.25. independent=self-reliant 自立的adj.26. regular=daily 定期的adj.27. exercise=physical activity 运动n.28. challenging=difficult=tough=demanding 有挑战性的adj.29. decline=deteriorate=reduce=drop=decrease 下降v.30. lonely=emotionally isolated 孤独的adj.31. hand signal=gesture=body language 手势n.32. restricted=limited 有限的adj.n.34. specific=particular=detailed 特定的adj.35. early=older 早期的adj.36. fulfill=qualify=achieve=keep=satisfy 完成v.37. sufficient=enough 足够的adj.38. quantity=how many=amount 数量n.39. misunderstanding=confusion 误解n.40. prevent=resolve=forbid=stop 防止v.41. poor=lack of=impoverished 贫穷adj.42. newer=later=recent=present 新的adj.43. ancestor=early people=predecessor 祖先n.雅思阅读同义词替换(剑六TEST 3)Cambridge 6 TEST 31. teach=educate=cultivate=nature 教育v.2. actor=star 演员n.3. first=initial=early=primary 最早的adj.4. storyline=narrative=plot 故事情节n.5. globe=world 世界n.6. early=first=ancient 早期的adj.7. passing of time=flow of time 时光的流逝v.9. realistic=achievable 现实的adj.10. target=goal=aim 目标n.11. feedback=comment=advice=criticism 反馈n.12. match to=suit to 合适13. reward=promotion or advancement=prize=benefit 奖励n.14. link to=make something contingent on=associate with=connect with=relate to 联系起来15. achievement=attainment=gain=success 成就n.16. remuneration=payment 酬金n.17. tend to=prone to 倾向于18. feel=perceive=think=find=experience=notice=have an opinion 感觉v.19. participate=be involved in=take part in=join 参加v.20. staff=employee=worker 员工n.21. visible=disclosed=obvious=noticeable 可见的adj.22. clerical worker=clerk 书记员n.23. judge=rate=criticize=assess=evaluate=gauge=appraise 评判v.24. job=work=assignment 工作n.25. delay=slow=prolong=postpone=procrastinate=shelve=put off 延后v.26. growing old=ageing 变老n.28. life=lifespan 生命29. chance=likelihood=fortune=hope=possibility=opportunity=risk=luck 机会n.30. production=generation=output 产量n.31. theory=hypothesis=guess=guesswork 猜想n.32. focus on=emphasize=aim at=concentrate on 集中于33. short=scarce=limited=insufficient 短缺的adj.剑5Cambridge 5 TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture 生产v.2. central=middle 中心的adj.3. did not have=without 没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer 带来v.5. time limit=deadline 时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up 增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=tremendous=large scale/large-scale 巨大的adj.. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=make clear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport, business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you are doing 分心的事物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be something wrong with 错误，缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing 稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day 流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate 给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting 吸引，使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off 打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate 预期，期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.。
雅思听力同义词替换介绍
雅思听力同义词替换介紹Ｆirstly，数字替换。
数字是必考点，除了听写以外也会有同义替换的情况出现。
其中一品种型是表示比例的数字替换例如：剑五test1 section4 40习题Ｗhen investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in______.录音原文：it is usually advised that at least 70% of a person’s savings should be in low-risk investments.习题中的a high proportion(一个很高的比例) 在录音中被替换成了70%，这是结合语境得出的同义替换，假如教师在单词表中给你70%=a high proportion，你一定觉得莫明其妙。
因此要想更灵敏的掌握同义替换，一定要结合语境，灵敏掌握其实不断积累。
数字替换的另一种常见类型：句子解释数词例如：25⑶1 Ｊanuary录音原文 they’ve put it at the end of the month.日期区间1月25号到31号被描述成月末Ｓecondly，解释型替换即用句子来解释词或短语的情况。
这种同义替换需要同学们对句子有整体理解，对听句子和语法能力要求高一些，假如仅能听到或理解一部分词，将很难应对。
例如：剑十test2 section2 12习题Ｗhat is unusual about Ｂrackenside pool?原文内容：such as a recycling system – the only one of its kind in the world…习题干中unusual(与众不同的)在原文中被描述成世界唯一，属于句子解释单词的情况。
当然，也会出现名词的解释型替换例如：剑四test3section2 14习题Ｗhere does Ｃircus Ｒomano perform?Ａ in a theatreＢ in a tentＣ in a stadium录音原文：which is really like a canvas portable building, usually put up in a green space or car park. 通常被搭建在绿地或停车场的帆布材质的便携建筑。
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Cambridge 5TEST 11. produce=develop=manufacture 生产v.2. central=middle 中心的adj.3. did not have=without 没有v.4. bring=confer=award=present=grant=confer=allocate=offer 带来v.5. time limit=deadline 时间限制，期限n.6. increase=go up/rise=grow=climb=gain=escalate=expand=pickup=widen=intensify=build up 增加7. assistant=helper=coach 助手n.8. immense=big=major=considerable=great=huge/enormous=treme ndous=large scale/large-scale 巨大的adj.9. illustrate=show=be a sign=demonstrate=mean=makeclear=reflect=tell=be evidence=reveal 表明，显示v.10. quotation=a phrase or sentence that is well-known or often used 引用语n.11. predecessor=someone who had your job before you started doing it 前辈，前任n.12. rival=a person, group, or organization that you compete with in sport,business, a fight etc=competitor 对手，竞争者n.13. distraction=something that stops you paying attention to what you aredoing 分心的亊物n.14. fault=defect=problem=trouble=flaw=weakness =bug=virus=be somethingwrong with 错误，缺点15. cornerstone=basis=foundation=the key 基石n.16. confer=award=present=grant=allocate 给予v.17. stability=the condition of being steady and not changing 稳定n.18. prevail=win=come out on top=prevail=carry the day 流行,获胜v.19. contract=agreement=understanding=compromise 合约n.20. grant=award=present=confer=allocate 给予v.21. fascinate=if someone or something fascinates you, you are attracted to them and think they are extremely interesting 吸引，使着迷v.22. disturb=interrupt=bother=distract=put somebody off打扰v.23. expect=think=anticipate 预期，期待v.24. psychology=the study of the mind and how it influences people's behavior 心理学n.25. obey=comply with=abide by=keep to=stick to the rules=conformto=observe=respect=toe the line=go by the book/do something by the book 服从，顺从v.26. identity=someone's identity is their name or who they are 身份n.27. severity=used of the degree of something undesirable 严重性n.28. unfold=open=happen=develop=expand 展开，发生v.29. deliberately=intentionally=on purpose=purposely 故意地adv.30. moral=relating to the principles of what is right and wrong behavior, and with the difference between good and evil 道德上的，与道德有关的adj.31. prior to二before二previous 在…前面32. repetition=doing or saying the same thing many times 重复n.33. genetic=relating to genes or genetics 基因的，遗传学的adj.34. sacrifice=when you decide not to have something valuable, in order to get something that is more important 牺牲v.35. victim=someone who has been attacked, robbed, or murdered 受害者n.36. forge=form=counterfeit 形成;伪造v.37. persuade=convince=win over=talk around 说服v.38. surrender=give in 投降，放弃v.39. extinct=an extinct type of animal or plant does not existanymore=disappear=vanish 灭绝的，绝种的adj.40. abundant=plenty=ample 充裕的，丰富的adj.41. exaggerate=overstate 夸张，夸大v.42. phenomenon=something that happens or exists in society, science, or nature, especially something that is studied because it is difficult to understand 现象n.43. perception=idea=notion=view=belief=insight 认识，观念，看法n.44. impression=infection=effect=influence=affection 印象，感想n.45. entitle=to give someone the official right to do or havesomething 使某人有权利/ 资格v.46. distortion=a change for the worse=deformation 扭曲，曲解v.47. dispose=to arrange things or put them in theirplaces=arrange=settle=manage=cope with=deal with 安排，处理v.48. intuition=the ability to understand or know something because of a feeling rather than by considering the facts=instinct 直觉n.49. emission=a gas or other substance that is sent into the air 排放物，散发物n.50. diminish=reduce=decrease=fall=lessen=cut减少，减小v.51. postpone=put back=delay=adjourn 延期，推迟v.52. crucial=important=critical=vital=necessary=essential 至关重要的adj.53. pessimistic=expecting that bad things will happen in the future or that something will have a bad result=getting worse 悲观的adj.54. attempt=purpose=order=effort 尝试，努力TEST 21. similar=like=resemble 相似的adj.2. derive=originate=come from=stem from 起源v.3.impetus=momentum=stimulus=incentive=motivation=encourage ment 动机，动力n.4. generate=produce=bring into existence=make=manufacture 产生v.5. couple with=and=accompany=with 伴随v.6. factor=reason=element=component=ingredient 因素n.7. unique=have thedistinction=distinct=different=extraordinary=special 独特的adj.进步n.8. advance=progress=development=growth=increase9. field=domain=territory=industry=sector 领域n.10. alternative=substitute=replacement 替代物n.11. like=such as=for example=for instance 例如12. resource=material=source 资源，来源n.13. limited=restricted=exhaustible=finite 有限的adj.14. involve=rely on=contain=comprise 包含，牵涉v.15. current=modern=recent=present 最近的adj.16. particular=extraordinary=special=detail=specific=unique特别的，独有的adj.17. draw on=absorb=do with 吸收v.18. settle on=make choice of=decide on 选定v.19. superiority=advantage=edge=high quality 优势n.20. accompany=when=keep company=be associated with 陪伴，伴随v.21. view=belief=opinion=insight=perception 观点n.22. artificial intelligence=reasoning in machine 人工智能n.23. involve with=associate with=link to=relate to24. release=issue=launch=convey=public=deliver25. difficult=demanding=hard=tough 困难的adj.26. task=job=work=labour 任务，工作n.与…有关联v.发行，发表v.27. instantly=rapidly=immediately 立即地adv.28. react=respond 反应v.29. relate to二depe nd on=li nk to二associate with二 invo Ive with 与•…有关系v.30. subject views=outlook=personal/individual views=personal/individual opinions 主观观点n.31. distort=to change the appearance, sound, or shape of something so that it is strange or unclear; to report something in a way that is not completely true or correct=misinterpret 扭曲，歪曲v.32. figure out=settle=decide=tell=understand 理解，想出v.33. assessment=appraisal=evaluation=estimate=judgment 评估，估计v.34. emerge=appear=come forth 出现v.35. remain=keep=stay=maintain 保持v.36. exploitation=development=utilization=usage 利用，使用n.37. foster=cultivate=raise=nurture 培养，养育v.38. overtake=catch up=sweep over 赶上，压倒v.39. initial=original=premier 最初的，开始的adj.40. whereas=however=while=nevertheless=but=yet 然而，但是adv. TEST 31. outcome=product=result=conclusion=consequence 结果，后果n.2. overcome=win=get over=exceed 克服，战胜v.3. insufficient=deficient=shortage=lack=scarcity 不足的adj.4. supply=provide=furnish=give 提供v.5. launch=release=project=send=shot=emit 开始，投放v.6. suppose=expect=imagine=guess=speculate=think 猜想，设想v.7. detect=perceive=explore=sense 发觉，觉察v.8. handicap=difficult=obstacle=hindrance=bar=deterrent 障碍，困难n.9. peer=the people who are at the same age as you, or who have the same type of job, social class etc. 同龄人，伙伴n.10. positive=optimistic=uplifting 积极的adj.11. administer=manage=conduct=implement=perform 执行，管理v.12. funding=money=funds=financial resource 资金，基金n.13. interact=if people interact with each other, they talk to each other, work together etc. 互动v.14. irrigation=the supplement of land or crops with water 灌溉n.15. sedimentation=the natural process by which small pieces of rock, earth etc settle at the bottom of the sea etc and form a solid layer 积淀n.16. interrupt=break=violate=cut in 打断，打扰v.17. process=procedure=method=approach 过程n.18. threat=danger=intimidation 威胁n.19. valuable=precious=worthy 宝贵的，珍贵的adj.20. construct=build=make=found 建造v.21. blame=to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad 责备，怪罪v.22. stimulate=encourage=activate=motivate 鼓励，刺激v.23. long-term=long-run=long-period 长期的adj.24. impact=affect=influence=effect 影响v.&n.25. occur=happen=exist=come 发生v.26. contain=include=cover=possess 包含v.27. military=battlefield=martial 军亊的adj.28. separate=disparate=distinct=different 分开的，不同的adj.29. vanish=extinct=disappear 消失v.30. consciousness=awareness 意识n.31. ignite=light=inflame 点燃v.32. encompass=include=contain=cover 包含，围绕v.33. reckon=think=suppose=believe=imagine=expect=feel34. widespread=universal=extensive=popular=general 遍的adj.35. launch=coin=project=release=issue 创新，开辟v.认为v. 广泛的，普36. contemporary=modern-day, present-day 同时代的adj.37. potential=possible=underlying=likely=expected=latent 可能潜在的，的adj.38. prospect=expectation=outlook=chance 展望，希望n.39. perception=idea=insight=viewpoint 感觉，领悟n.TEST 41. community=organization=group=body 团体n.pue-oi-pue=ejeq/v\AjeAe=A||oq/v\=puno」gnoi|6no」屮g'荡巫畀目u 聃轴目snqiiuemwod pue二|eo6二uoqeuqsep、L“PE卿冈治彩linse」e se=ejojejeqi=eoueq=A|6u!pjoooe=sni|］二人puenbesuoo 9u 闰皆"皋旳皆」eneMp^uepisej^ueiiqeMui gA羽壷pueuuijuoo=jepjo=ej!sep=ej!nbej p fpe 轴咚寥］ue［S!p二引oujai £ fpe 轴密鹽eieo!|ep=e|!6ejj •乙到处，全部adv.9. operate=act=run 运转v.10. output=product 输出，产品n.下降n.11. decline=reduction=fall=slump=decrease=recession12. undermine=destroy=damage=hurt=ruin 破坏v.13. revive=renaissance 复兴v.14. unusual=rare=strange=uncommon 罕见的，不寻常的adj.15. ordinary=standard=common=usual=general 普通的,平常的adj.16. fragment=shard=debris=pieces=ruins 碎片n.17. break=shatter=crack 打碎，打破v.18. interior=inner layer=inside 内部的n. &adj.19. insist=claim=argue=believe=think 坚持，坚称v.20. expand=extend=grow=boom=spread out=enhance 扩张，扩大v.21. suppress=control=restrain=repress=putdown=oppress=inhibit=ban=forbid=stifle 压制v.22. speed up=increase speed=quicken up=accelerate speed 加速v.23. examine=analyse=survey=inspect=study=detect=investigate 检查，调查v.24. dispute=debate=controversy=disagree=argue 争论，争执n.&v.25.detect=analyse=explore=research=survey=investigate=inspect 察觉，发现v.26. claim=say=state=insist=argue=think=believe 声称v.27. cue=implication=reminder=hint=evidence 提示，信号，暗号n.28. unpredictable=fluctuate=changeable 无法预测的adj.29. be referred to as=be known as=be regarded as 被称为30. encourage=induce=trigger=stimulate=boost=inspire 鼓励，促使v.31. considerable=plenty=big=major=important 数量可观的adj.32. regardless of=despite of=take no notice of 不管，不顾33. adequate=plenty=proper=appropriate=suitable 充足的,适当的adj.34. assure=make sure=guarantee=ensure=insure=secure=make certain of 保证，确保v.35. suitable=appropriate=proper=adequate=matching 合适的adj.。