高一英语句子成分

高一英语句子成分

句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的，是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位.句子的第一个字母必须大写，结尾要有“.? !”

I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is !

现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：

主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、补语(complement)。

1)主语：主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分.一般由名词，代词，不定式，动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首.

The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe.

They are good friends.

句子成分练习题( 一 )

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

② There is an old man coming here.

③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

④ To do today's homework without the te acher's help is very difficult.

2) 谓语：谓语说明主语做什么，是什么，怎么样，由简单动词或者动词短语构成.

They are teachers. She looks well.

He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates.

He can speak English.

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't

B. like

C. picture

D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get

B. longer

C. days

D. summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do

B. usually

C.go

D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library thi s afternoon.

A. will be

B. meeting

C. the library

D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A.Did

B. twins

C. have

D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom

B. didn't

C. do

D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this.

A. want

B. to tell

C. you

D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor.

A. We

B. had

C. send

D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is

B. interested

C. in

D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to?

A. give

B.did

C. whom

D. book

3) 表语：表语说明主语是什么，或者怎么样，由名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，短语，或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面.

I am a teacher. She is happy.

Everybody is here. They are at home now.

My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing.

(三) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired.

② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The leaves have turned yellow.

④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

4) 宾语: 宾语是动作，行为的对象，由名词，代词，短语，不定式，动名词，从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么，在谓语之后.

She plays the piano. He often helps me.

I like watching TV. She likes to go to shop this afternoon.

I think that he is good guy.

(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't don e his homework.

② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

④ How many new words did you learn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.

⑦ They made him monitor of the class.

⑧ Go acrothe bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.

⑩ They didn't know who "Father Chri stmas" really is.

划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he leave any message for me?