新视野大学英语读写教程 第二册5单元 单词unit 5 text A

weep
v. 1. cry 哭泣，流（泪）
It's not worth weeping even a single tear over him. 为他流泪是完全不值得的。

2. (of a wound) produce liquid(伤口) 渗出液体
The cut is no longer weeping and is starting to heal. 伤口不再流脓水，已开始愈合了。

calculator
n. [C] a small electronic device for doing math计算器
a pocket calculator 袖珍计算器
You won't be allowed to take a calculator into the exam. 你不能把计算器带进考场。

geometry
n. the area of mathematics dealing with the relations and qualities of lines, points, surfaces and solids[U] 几何（学）the laws of geometry 几何定律a geometry lesson 几何课
package
n. 1. [C] box, etc. in which things are packed （包装用的）盒
She bought a package of cookies. 她买了一袋小甜饼。

2. [C] an object or group of objects that have been put up together in paper or box
（中，小型的）包裹，包
The postman has just sent a package for you. 邮递员刚刚给你送来一只包裹。

vt. make (sth.) into or put (sth.) in a package, e.g., for selling 包装，打包，捆扎
Their products are always attractively packaged. 他们的产品总是包装得很精美。

camel
n. [C] 骆驼
"It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God." "骆驼穿过针眼比财主进天国还容易。

"（见《圣经o 马太福音》, 指富人进不了天堂）
filter
vt. pass liquid, light, etc. through a special equipment 过滤
The cigarettes are filtered. 这些是过滤嘴香烟。

vi. (of a group) move gradually（人群）逐渐走出（走入）
Around 10 O'clock the crowds started filtering out of the stadium.十点左右人群走出体育场。

n. [C] 过滤器an oil filter 滤油器
grateful
a. feeling or showing appreciation for sth. good done; thankful 感激的，感谢的
I am grateful to you for your help. 我感谢你对我的帮助。

stove
n. [C] device used for cooking 炉子，火炉
Put the pot on the stove. 把锅放在炉子上。

harden
v. 1. (cause sb. to) become strong; make sb. less conscious of sth. (使) 变得坚强, (使) 变得冷酷Rough living in the desert hardened the young men a lot.
沙漠中的艰苦生活把这些年轻人锻炼得更加坚强。

2. (cause sth. to) become hard, strong, etc. (使) 变硬, (使) 硬化
The mixture hardens as it cools.这种混合物冷却时会变硬。

brand
n. [C] particular make of goods or their trade mark(商品的) 牌子, 商标
Which brand of toothpaste do you prefer? 你喜欢用哪种牌子的牙膏？
vt. 1. mark sth. with or as if with a brand 打烙印于，以烙铁打（标记）
The experiences of his unhappy childhood are branded on his memory.
他痛苦的童年经历烙刻在他的记忆中。

2. give sb. a bad name 给... ...摸黑，加污名于
He was branded as a troublemaker for taking part in the demonstration.
他因参加了那次示威活动而称为闹事分子。

manufacturer
n. [C] person or firm that produces goods 制造者，制造商，制造厂
Germany is a major manufacturer of motorcars.
德国是汽车的主要生产国。

prince
n. [C] an important male member of a royal family, esp. a son or grandson of the king or queen 王子，亲王，王孙
Prince Edward is Queen Elizabeth's youngest son.
爱德华王子是伊丽莎白女王最小的儿子。

cane
n. [C] a long stick used esp. by old, ill or blind people to help them walk 手杖
"This is the way, Jess," said my father, pointing with his cane across the deep valley below us. "I want to show you something!"
"就顺着这条路走，杰斯，"我父亲说着，用手杖指着我们脚下深深的山谷，"我想给你看样东西！"
n. [C] film 电影
My favorite movie is "Casablanca".
我最喜欢的电影是《卡萨布兰卡》。

hopeless
a. 1. without hope of a good result 毫无希望的，绝望的
It's hopeless trying to convince her. 要使她信服是没有希望的。

2. lacking ability; very bad 无能的，糟糕的
I'm hopeless at cooking. 我对烹饪一窍不通。

hopelessly
ad. 没有希望地
He's hopelessly in love with Pat. 他毫无希望地单恋着帕特。

hook
vt. catch sth. by hook 钩住
How many fish did you hook this afternoon? 今天下午你钓了几条鱼？
n. [C] device used for catching or holding things 钩子，钩状物
a fish hook 鱼钩Hang your shirt on a hook. 把你的衬衫挂到挂钩子上。

noticeable
a. easily seen or noticed易见的，明显的
There's been a noticeable improvement in her handwriting. 她的书法有了明显的提高。

unnoticeable
a. not able to see or notice不引人注意的，不明显的
The army's presence in the north of the city is unnoticeable.
部队在这座城市的北部出现并不引人注目。

wheeze
n. [C] noisy breath esp. with a whistling sound in the chest 喘息声，气喘声
The cough, wheeze and shortness of breath are things that go with smoking, not with age. 这咳嗽、气喘和气急是吸烟而不是年龄引起的。

pneumonia
n. [U] 肺炎
People who are often in bed can easily get pneumonia. 长期卧床的人易患肺炎。

n. [C] 肺
She breathed deeply to fill her lungs with the fresh sea air. 她深深地吸着气，以便让海边的清新空气透入心肺。

reunion
n. 1. [C] reuniting or being reunited 再联合，重聚，团聚
a reunion between the two sisters 两姐妹的团聚
2. [C] social gathering of people who were once friends, etc. 聚会，联谊活动
a reunion celebration 庆祝聚会
largely
ad. to a great degree; mainly 一大部分，大半
His success was largely because of his luck. 他的成功大部分是由于运气好。

slim
a. 1. not fat 苗条的，纤细的
She's got a lovely slim figure. 她有着可爱的苗条身材。

2. not thick 薄的
a slim pocket-book 薄薄的袖珍笔记本
3. (of hope, etc.)very small; slight 微小的，渺茫的
They have only a slim chance of winning. 他们获胜的机会微乎其微。

drag
vi. 1.(slang) smoke 抽烟
2.move slowly and with effort 缓慢而费力地行进
She always drags behind. 她总是磨磨蹭蹭地走在后面。

vt. pull (sb. / sth.) along with effort and difficulty 拖，用力拉
We dragged the fallen tree clear of the road. 我们把倒下的树从路上拖开。

n. [C] person or thing that makes progress difficult 障碍物，累赘
She loves her family, but they're a drag on her career. 她爱她家人，但他们是她事业上的累赘。

starve
v. (cause a person or an animal to) suffer seriously or die from hunger（使）挨饿或饿死
They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们在沙漠中迷了路，饿死了。

weaken
v. (cause sb. / sth. to) become weak or weaker 使弱，变弱
They watched her slowly weaken as the disease progressed.
随着她病情的发展，他们眼看着她身体逐渐变弱。

poisonous
a. 1. causing death or illness if taken into the body 有毒的
Dangerously high levels of poisonous chemicals were found in the river.
在这条河里发现了危险的高标有毒化学物质。

2. full of spite 恶毒的，有恶意的
sb. with a poisonous tongue 口舌恶毒的人
a poisonous lie 恶毒的谎言
swallow
vt. 1. cause or allow (esp. food or drink) to go down the throat 吞，咽
If you don't chew your food properly, it's difficult to swallow it.
如果你不把食物适当咀嚼，是很难下咽的。

2. believe sth. too easily 轻信，轻易接受
I found his explanation rather hard to swallow. 我觉得他的解释很难接受。

vi. use the muscles of the throat as if doing this, esp. in fear 做吞咽动作
She swallowed hard, and turned to face the enemy. 她强忍着，转身面对敌人。

n. [C] action of swallowing 吞，吞咽
He finished off the drink with a swallow. 他一口把饮料喝光了。

bunch
n. 1. [C] number of things (usu. of the same kind) growing, tied or grouped together 串，束，把
a bunch of keys 一串钥匙
2.[C] group of people 群，伙
They're a nice bunch. 他们是一群好人。

vi. form into a bunch 集中，挤在一起
The monkeys bunched together up in their cage.
猴子们齐刷刷地都抓着笼子顶部的铁丝网聚在了一起。

vt. form sth. into a bunch 使成一束（或一群等）
Make sure the wet sheets aren't bunched up; otherwise they won't dry.
别让湿床单团成一团，那样的话，是不会干的。

insect
n. [C] 虫，昆虫
I've got some sort of insect bite on my leg. 我腿上被小虫咬了一口。

insecticide
n. [C, U] something used for killing insects 杀虫剂，杀虫药
an insecticide spray 杀虫喷剂
an insecticide powder 杀虫粉
useless
a. not serving a useful role; not producing good results 无用的，无效果的
It's useless to argue with him. 同他争论是没有用的。

uselessness
n. [U] being not useful 无用，无价值
Too ill to get out of bed, she had strong feelings of uselessness.
由于疾病缠身，卧床不起，她深深感到力不从心。

pregnant
a. having a baby or young animal develop怀孕的，妊娠的
She was six months pregnant. 她怀孕六个月了。

The center gives advice and care to pregnant women.
该中心给怀孕妇女提供建议和护理。

poison
vt. give some poisonous things to; kill or harm sb. with poisonous things 使中毒，毒杀，毒害Four members of the family had been poisoned to death.
这家有四口人被毒死。

n. [C, U] poisonous matter 毒物，毒药
rat poison 毒老鼠的药poison gas 毒气
self-poisoning
a. killing oneself with poison 自我毒害
batter
v. hit sb. / sth. hard and often 接连重击
He kept battering at the door. 他不断地捶门。

Your car looks rather battered. 你的汽车看起来相当破了。

zone
n. [C] area or region with a particular quality or use （具有某种特征或目的的）区域，地域smokeless zones 无烟区San Francisco is in an earthquake zone. 旧金山处在地震带上。

Literally
Putting on an opera is a tremendous enterprise involving literally hundreds of people.
上演一台话剧是一项巨大的事业，它确实要几百个人参与。

close at hand
near; close by
近在手边，在附近
He lives close at hand.
他住在附近。

Remember to keep first-aid medicine kit close at hand all the time.
切记要把急救药箱一直带在身边。

pick up
take hold of and lift sth.
拿起，举起
He picked up the book from the floor.
他从地板上拣起了那本书。

Jim dropped his pen and bent to pick it up, causing a sharp pain in his back. 吉姆把钢笔掉到了地上，弯腰去捡起来的时候引起了背部一阵疼痛。

be grateful for
feeling or showing appreciation for sth. good done to one; be thankful for 对……感激，对……致谢
I am grateful to you for your help.
我感谢你对我的帮助。

I'm so grateful for all that you've done.
我对你所做的一切表示感谢。

be dressed in
wear
穿着
They were dressed in Victorian clothes.
他们穿着维多利亚时代的服装。

The young dancers are dressed in traditional clothes.
青年舞蹈演员身着传统服装。

couple with
link or associate sb. / sth. with sb. / sth.
联想，并提，和……联系在一起
The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made play very difficult.
光线差，场地又潮湿，使比赛难以进行。

The name of Mozart is coupled with the city of Salzburg.
莫扎特的名字与萨尔茨城堡联系在一起。

die from
die because of reasons other than illnesses or feelings
由于（除疾病、感情以外的原因）而死亡
In the hard winter, wild animals can die from lack of food.
严冬时，野兽可能因缺乏食物而死亡。

The child died from her fall out of the high window.
孩子从高处的窗户掉下去摔死了。

lean on
rest on sth. for support
倚，靠
The old man leaned on his stick.
那位老人倚着拐杖。

She stopped and leaned on the wall for a moment to rest.
她停下来靠着墙休息了一会儿。

Third World countries
the developing countries of Africa, Latin America and Asia
第三世界国家
direct at
intend that a particular person or group should notice (what one says or does) 旨在引起注意，针对
Our advertisements are directed mainly at young people.
我们的广告主要面向青年人。

Was that remark directed at me?
那话是对着我说的吗？
starve of
(cause sb. to) suffer or long for sth. greatly needed or wanted
(使) 因缺乏而受困苦，渴望，(使) 丧失
Industry is being starved of advanced technologies.
现在，工业的问题是缺乏先进的技术。

People starved of sleep start to lose focus.
睡眠不足的人会变得注意力不集中。

struggle to do
experience difficulty and make a very great effort in order to do something 奋斗，挣扎
I've been struggling to understand this article all afternoon.
整整一个下午我都在试图弄懂这篇文章的意思。

die of
die because of some illnesses or feelings
因（某疾病，某情感等）而死
She died of a fever, and no one could save her.
她患热病死去，谁也救不了她。

In the hard winter, wild animals can die of hunger.
严冬时，野兽可能会饿死。

Marlboro
万宝路（香烟品牌）
Prince Albert
阿尔伯特亲王（维多利亚女王的丈夫）
Queen Victoria
维多利亚女王（1819-1901，英国女王[1837-1901]及印度女皇[1876-1901]，即位后英国加紧向外扩张，建立庞大的殖民地，工商业亦迅速发展，一些英国史学家称"维多利亚时代"为英国历史上的"黄金时代。

"）
Eatonton
伊腾顿
Georgia
佐治亚州[美国州名]
Hollywood
好莱坞（美国加利福尼亚州西南部港市洛杉矶的一部分，在北郊，美国电影业中心）
Language Point 1
Weeping for My Smoking Daughter (Title)
weep: vi. cry
Mrs. Miller wept at the news that her cat had been killed by a truck. 米勒太太听到她的猫被一辆卡车压死的消息后哭了。

weep with joy 喜极而泣
The girl wept over her sad fate. 女孩为自己的苦命悲叹落泪。

Language Point 2
While she is doing her homework, her feet on the bench in front of her and her calculator clicking out answers ... (Para.1)
her feet on the bench in front of her: The expression describes the behavior or a little, minor event which goes together with the major event in the clause. The man sat in the front row, his hands on the table. 那男子坐在前排，手放在桌子上。

This type of expression can be rewritten by adding “with” or by using the “and + finite verb” structure. The above example can be rewritten as follows:
The man sat in the front row, with his hands on the table.
Or: The man sat in the front row, and his hands were on the table.
“her calculator clicking out answers” performs a similar function and can be rewritten in a similar way: ... with her calculator clicking out answers ...; or: ... and her calculator clicked out answers ...
Another example:
He fell to the ground, blood streaming from his nose. 他倒在地上，血从鼻子里流了出来。

Language Point 3
… and her calculator clicking out answers to her geometry problems, … (Para.1) calculator：n. [C] a small electronic device for calculating
geometry: n. [U] a branch of mathematics concerned with the properties and relations of points, lines, surfaces and solids
plane / solid geometry 平面/ 立体几何
analytical geometry 解析几何
Language Point 4
…I am looking at the half-empty package of Camels ... (Para.1)
package: n. [C] a box or packet in which things are packed
a package of towels 一包毛巾
a package of cigarettes 一包香烟
a package of peas 一袋豌豆
a large package of books 一大包书
... tossed carelessly close at hand. (Para.1)
Meaning: ... thrown carelessly near her.
(close) at hand: within reach; near
When Betty writes, she always keeps a dictionary at hand. 贝蒂写作时，手边总放着一本词典。

Fortunately there was someone at hand, so we asked him to deliver the message at once. 幸好旁边有个人，我们就请他立即把信送去。

This phrase can also be used figuratively to refer to time, meaning: near in time. The end-of-term examination is (close) at hand. 期末考试近在眼前。

Language Point 6
I pick them up, …(Para.1)
pick up: lift something or somebody up from a surface
The boy picked up a stone and threw it at the window. 男孩捡起一块石头朝窗户扔去。

I picked up the telephone and rang her number. 我拿起了电话拨她的号码。

It’s difficult for a short-sighted person to pick up a needle from the ground. 眼睛近视的人要从地上把针拾起来是很难的。

The student turned over to the police the wallet he had picked up in the street. 这个学生把他在马路上捡到的钱包交给了警察。

The woman picked the baby up in her arms and held it tight. 那女人双手将孩子抱起，并紧紧揽在怀里。

Language Point 7
… and study them -- they’re filtered, for which I am grateful. (Para.1) Meaning: ... and examine them carefully -- they have a tip on one end for smoking at, and I feel or experience a feeling of thanks for this fact. “Study” is used here in the sense of “examine carefully”.
She studied the map (report). 她仔细查看地图(阅读报告)。

He studied her face wondering what she was thinking about. 他仔细看她的脸, 琢磨她在想什么。

Language Point 8
… they’re filtered, ... (Para.1)
filter: vt. To filter something means to pass it through a device which is designed to remove certain elements contained in it.
filtered cigarettes 过滤嘴香烟
filtered coffee 滤过的咖啡
The best prevention for the disease is to boil or filter water, and eat only
well-cooked food. 预防该疾病的最好办法是将水烧开或过滤，只食用煮透了的食物。

… they’re filtered, for which I am grateful. (Para.1)
which: pron. The word “which” is used here to refer back to the idea expressed by the whole previous clause.
He went through a red light, for which he was fined $50. 他闯红灯，被罚了50美元。

The police arrived, after which the situation became calmer. 警察来了，这以后的局势比先前平静了一些。

They ran out of drink, which didn’t bother me because I wasn’t drinking anyway. 他们的酒喝光了, 对此我丝毫不感到有什么伤脑筋的，因为我反正不喝酒。

Language Point 10
… they’re filtered, for which I am grateful. (Para.1)
grateful: a. wanting to thank somebody for something
We are very grateful to you for your help when we are in trouble. 我们非常感谢你在我们困难时给予的帮助。

The old man was most grateful to his neighbors for sending for a doctor for him. 老人非常感谢邻居们为他叫来了医生。

Notice the structure when we use this adjective: be grateful to somebody for something.
Language Point 11
... I want to weep. In fact, I do weep a little, ... (Para.1)
Notice that “do” is used in this affirmative sentence for contrastive emphasis. In other words, it is used to show a contrast between the writer’s desire “I want to weep” and the fact “I weep”.
I don’t have much contact with my family. I do see my mother sometimes, though. 我与家里没有很多联系。

不过，我有时去看望我的母亲。

Language Point 12
... I do weep a little, standing there by the stove holding one of the instruments, ... (Para.1)
The expression “standing there by the stove holding one of the instruments”functions as an adverbial clause describing an action or an attending or
co-existing situation.
They had to work standing up. 他们不得不站着干活。

He stood waiting patiently. 他站着耐心地等待。

Language Point 13
… holding one of the instruments, so white, so precisely rolled, that could cause
my daughter’s death. (Para.1)
so ... that: to such an amount as to produce a particular result / cause a particular situation; in such a way that ...
Grandfather was so ill (that) we had to send for a doctor. 祖父病得很厉害，我们不得不叫医生来。

The teacher spoke so fast (that) her students could hardly follow. 老师讲得很快，以致学生们几乎无法跟上她。

He came into the classroom so quietly (that) no one noticed him. 他轻轻走进教室，没有人注意到他。

Notice the difference between “so ... that” and “so that + can (or: may, will, etc.)” The latter structure is used to mean “in order that ...” or “with the aim that ...”
Work hard so that you will pass the exam. 好好用功，以便通过考试。

Language Point 14
… I hardened myself against feeling so bad; ... (Para.1)
Meaning: ... I made myself become less sympathetic and less easily affected emotionally;…
harden: v.
1) make someone less conscious of; (cause sb. to) become stronger, severe, unkind, or lacking in human feelings
He became hardened to the suffering around him. 他对周围人的疾苦变得麻木不仁。

For her own good, Lisa hardened her heart against Aunt Janet. 为了自己的利益，莉萨对珍妮特姨妈变得冷酷无情。

Rough living in the desert hardened the young men a lot. 沙漠中的艰苦生活把这些年轻人锻炼得更加坚强。

As the war progressed, attitudes on both sides hardened. 随着战争的进展，双方的态度都变得强硬了。

2) (cause sth. to) become hard, strong, etc.
The food hardens as it cools. 食物冷却时变硬。

The paint takes a few minutes to harden. 这油漆需要几分钟才能变硬。

Language Point 15
... nobody I knew ever smoked these brands. (Para.1)
brand: n. [C] a type of product manufactured by a particular company
Which brand of toothpaste do you prefer? 你喜欢什么牌子的牙膏？
The company sells goods under their own brand. 这家公司用他们自己的品牌出售商品。

This product is the brand leader. 这种产品比同类的其他产品卖得好。

Language Point 16
She doesn’t know this, but it was Camels that my father, her grandfather,
smoked. (Para.2)
Meaning: She doesn’t know the fact that it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked.
this: The word is used in the above sentence to refer to the fact mentioned in the second part of the sentence.
Listen to this: they’ve cancelled Friday’s meeting. 听着，他们已经取消了星期五的会议。

He told the story like this: “Long, long ago there lived in Greece a king whose name was Midas.”他是这样讲故事的：“很久很久以前，希腊有一位国王，名字叫曼德斯。

”
Language Point 17
... it was Camels that my father, her grandfather, smoked. (Para.2)
it is (was) ... that (who): This structure is used for emphasis.
It was the new machine that they used. 他们用的是新机器。

It was their teacher who (or: that) helped them solve the problem. 是他们的老师帮助他们解决了那个问题。

Notice that this structure can be used to emphasize any element of a clause except the verb. Another point to note is that “that”, not “when” or “where”, is used even if this structure is used to emphasize an adverbial of time or place. It was last month that I bought a video camera. 我是在上个月买了一部摄像机。

It was in London that I met her for the first time. 我是在伦敦第一次遇见她的。

In these two sentences we never use “when” or “where”.
Language Point 18
But before he smoked cigarettes made by manufacturers … (Para.2) manufacturer: n. [C] a person or a firm responsible for manufacturing goods a car / a computer / an electronics manufacturer 汽车/ 计算机/ 电子器件制造商Send imperfect goods back to the manufacturer. 请把有问题的商品退还给厂家。

Germany is a major manufacturer of motorcars. 德国是汽车的主要生产国。

Language Point 19
… when he was very young and very poor, with glowing eyes … (Para.2) Meaning: ... when he was very young and very poor, his eyes shining with energy ...
Language Point 20
... he smoked Prince Albert tobacco in cigarettes he rolled himself. (Para.2) Meaning: ... he smoked cigarettes he rolled himself by using the tobacco that had the brand name Prince Albert.
Language Point 21
… dressed in a black dress coat and carrying a cane. (Para.2)
dress: vt. (often pass.) provide (oneself or someone else) with clothes of the stated type
The children were dressed in their Sunday best. 孩子们身穿节日盛装。

a young man dressed in a blue suit一个身穿蓝色西装的年轻男子
cane: n. [C] a walking stick
On long walks, the old man took along a cane. 走远路时，老人便带上手杖。

Language Point 22
… coupled with Hollywood movies in which both male and female heroes smoked like chimneys, … (Para.3)
Meaning: ... together with films made in Hollywood in which both male and female heroes smoked a lot, ...
Language Point 23
… coupled with Hollywood movies … (Para.3)
couple with (usu. pass.): link /associate something with something else; join one thing to another
The name of Mozart is forever coupled with the city of Salzburg. 莫扎特的名字永远与萨尔茨堡城联系在一起。

The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made the game very difficult. 糟糕的灯光，加上湿漉漉的场地，使得比赛难以进行。

The writer wrote with plain words coupled with humor. 那位作家的写作风格于质朴中见幽默。

movie: n. [C] film
The word is used mainly in American English.
a horror movie 恐怖电影
My favorite movie is Casablanca. 我最喜欢的电影是《卡萨布兰卡》。

Greta Garbo was one of the great movie stars of the 1930s. 格丽泰•嘉宝是20世纪30年代的著名影星之一。

We went to see a movie last night. 昨晚我们去看了一场电影。

Language Point 24
… who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. (Para.3)
Meaning: ... who grew to completely rely on cigarettes and the situation was not likely to change or improve.
Language Point 25
… who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. (Para.3)
hopelessly: ad. in such a bad way that is causing no hope or not likely to improve
Most of the students are making good progress but Jeremy hopelessly fails again. 大部分学生进步很大，但杰里米又没及格，真是不可救药。

Since he was out of work, his life has been hopelessly confused. 自从失去工作以来，他的生活便一团糟，真是没办法。

Language Point 26
… who were hopelessly hooked by cigarettes. (Para.3)
hooked: a. depending or relying on sth., addicted or used to; accustomed
get hooked on computer games 玩计算机游戏成瘾
Some public clinics are being established in order that people hooked on drugs can receive care. 人们正在建立一些公共诊所，以便使染上毒瘾的人能得到治疗。

He is hooked on jogging. 他迷上了慢跑。

be hooked on alcohol 喝酒成瘾
Language Point 27
Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, a little coughing in the morning … (Para.4) Meaning: His short dry frequent cough in the morning was not easily noticed at first ...
Language Point 28
Perhaps it was unnoticeable at first, … (Para.4)
unnoticeable: a. not easily seen or noticed
The difference between the two colors is quite unnoticeable. 这两种颜色的差别很不容易被看出来。

There was an unnoticeable smile on the girl’s face. 女孩的脸上露出一丝难以被觉察的微笑。

The side-effects of the drug are unnoticeable within a short period of time. 这种药物的副作用在短期内是不明显的。

Language Point 29
… upon getting out of bed. (Para.4)
Meaning: ... immediately after he got out of bed.
upon / on: prep. immediately after the occasion of something
Upon asking for information I was told I must wait. 在打听消息时，我被告知必须等待。

On being introduced to someone, a British person often shakes hands. 当被介绍给别人时，英国人通常握手（为礼）。

I saw them on my return. 我一回来就见到了他们。

Language Point 30
… his breath was a wheeze, embarrassing to hear; ... (Para.4)
Meaning: ... his breath became a noisy sound which was embarrassing to hear; ...
wheeze: n . [C] a sound of breathing noisily and with difficulty
The patient coughed all night and had a slight wheeze in his chest. 病人咳嗽了一整夜，胸部有轻微的哮喘声。

Language Point 31
It was not unusual for him to cough for an hour. (Para.4)
Meaning: It was usual for him to cough for an hour.
Here in this sentence the negative word “not” and the negative prefix “un-”cancel one another and form an affirmative sentence.
Nowadays it is not unusual for a girl to wear her hair short. 如今女孩子梳短发并不少见。

It is not unusual for the boy to be up very early in the morning. 早晨早早起床对于这个孩子来说是很平常的事。

Heavy snow is not unusual in the northeastern part of China. 在中国东北地区下大雪是常事。

Language Point 32
My father died from “the poor man’s friend”, pneumonia, ... (Para.5) Meaning: My father died from a serious lung disease called “pneumonia” and this disease was regarded as one that poor people were most likely to develop, ...
Language Point 33
... one hard winter when his lung illnesses had left him low. (Para.5) Meaning: ... one cold winter when his lung illnesses made him very weak. Language Point 34
I doubt he had much lung left at all, ... (Para.5)
Meaning: I do not think that most of his lungs functioned well ...
Language Point 35
… he was always leaning on something. (Para.5)
always: ad. The word normally means “at all times”, “with no exception” and is used with simple tenses. However, when we want to say that something happens again and again in an annoying way, we can use “always” with a verb in the progressive tense.
The boy is always asking for money. 这孩子总在要钱。

My grandfather is always forgetting things. 我的祖父总是忘记事情。

Why are you always biting your nails? 你为什么总在咬指甲？
… but the effort was obvious. (Para.5)
Meaning: ... but it was easy for us to see that he made a real effort (to do that). Language Point 37
… and largely because he had no more lungs, … (Para.5)
Meaning: ... and mainly because his lungs did not function any more ... largely: ad. mainly; to a great degree
Their success was largely due to their shared effort. 他们的成功主要靠大家的共同努力。

Some people like pop music and some others like classical music. It’s largely a matter of taste. 一些人喜欢流行音乐，而另一些人则喜欢古典音乐。

这主要是个人喜好不同的问题。

Language Point 38
He gained a couple of pounds, but by then he was so slim no one noticed. (Para.5)
Meaning: He became heavier, but by then he was so thin no one noticed (he had become heavier).
slim: a.
1) thin; not fat
I’m trying to get slim. 我正在设法使自己变得苗条些。

She’s got a lovely slim figure. 她有着可爱的苗条身材。

2) not thick
a slim pocket-book 薄薄的袖珍本
It’s quite a slim book so it’s not too heavy to carry around in your bag. 这是本很薄的书，所以放在你的包里并不重。

3) not as big as one would like or expect; very small
There are slim hopes of success. 成功的希望很渺茫。

They have only a slim chance of winning. 他们获得成功的机会微乎其微。

Language Point 39
There are large advertisements directed at them both ... (Para.6)
Meaning: There are large signs used for telling people about a certain brand of cigarettes in order to encourage them to buy it; and the particular purpose of the signs is to attract the attention of people like my father and daughter ... advertisement: n. [C] (infml.) (also advert, ad) a public notice offering or asking for goods, services, etc.
put an advertisement of a new product in the paper 在报上登一则新产品的广告
a TV ad 一则电视广告
an advertisement for a computer programmer 一则招聘计算机程序员的广告
... the beautiful, “worldly” young woman, ... (Para.6)
worldly: a. experienced and has much knowledge of the practical elements of life instead of things of the spirit
After ten years in London, my sister is much more worldly than she used to be. 在伦敦生活了10年，我妹妹比以前善于处世多了。

worldly people 俗人
an experienced and worldly man who had been almost everywhere 一个几乎去过任何地方、经验丰富又老于世故的人
Language Point 41
... both dragging away. (Para. 6)
Meaning: .... both smoking (cigarettes) continuously.
drag: vi. (slang) smoke (a cigarette)
He waited and dragged at the cigarette. 他边等边抽烟。

away: ad. all the time, continuously
They worked away all day. 他们整天不停地工作。

I heard him pounding away. 我听见他不停地用锤子敲东西。

Language Point 42
.... as in American inner cities and on reservations, ... (Para.6)
inner city: the area in or near the center of a large city where people live and where there are often social and economic problems like a high (usu. poor) population, violence, old buildings in bad condition, etc.
The government plans to improve the lives of the poor in the inner cities. 政府计划改善旧城区穷人的生活状况。

a building program to put new power into the inner cities 一项使市中心区得到振兴的建筑规划
schools in the inner cities 市中心区的学校
reservation: n. [C] an area of land in the USA set apart by the federal government for the use of a Native American people
American Indians living on reservations 住在保留地的美洲印地安人
Language Point 43
... money that should be spent for food goes instead to the tobacco companies; ... (Para.6)
Meaning: ... money that should be used to buy food is instead paid to the tobacco companies for cigarettes; …
go to: be given or paid to
Money raised from the concert will go to organizations that help people in need. 音乐会募捐到的钱将捐赠给那些向有困难的人提供帮助的机构。