医学课件双语2-消化系统The Digestive System

stomach
A rich circulation
Gastric Vein liver
Splenic Vein
静止状态下没有壁张力 In resting state, no wall tension.
吞咽动作致使底部松弛
Swallowing causes the fundus to relax.
Gastric Motility 胃运动
食物存储在垂直层或斜纤层 Food is stored in vertical or oblique layers 液体相对快速地流入胃窦
Fluids flow relatively quickly down to the antrum.
蠕动波使胃动力开始增强 Gastric motility increases with peristaltic waves (蠕动收缩频率)同时受神经和激素活动影响。 Influenced by neural and hormonal activity.
Stomach 胃
1. 血液通过腹腔一支动脉输入胃中 Blood is supplied to the stomach by a branch of the celiac artery. 2. 主动脉沿胃大弯和胃小弯分布 Major arteries lie along the greater and lesser curvatures. 3. 分叉深入浆膜和肌层 branch and penetrate the serosa and muscle layers 4. 形成丰富的侧支循环 form a rich collateral circulation
(Para. 1)
Gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道 Accessory organs 辅助器官
The gastrointestinal tract 胃肠道
The organization of the gastrointestinal tract
What are the four layers? (Concentric layers) Sublayers
食糜 chyme 十二指肠 duodenum
Stomach 胃 The stomach’s major anatomic boundaries:
食管括约肌 贲门 胃大弯和胃小
弯
幽门括约肌
十二指肠
What are the functional areas of the stomach? fundus, body, antrum
1.Threeபைடு நூலகம்pairs of salivary glands
1 liter of saliva per day salivation 唾液分泌
1.Three pairs of salivary glands
1 liter of saliva per day salivation 唾液分泌
2. Autonomic nervous system (自主神经系统)controls salivation. (sympathetic and parasympathetic) (But not regulated by hormones)
肠肌神经丛 （即奥尔巴赫神经丛)
The subserosal plexus
浆膜下神经网丛
Mouth and Esophagus 口腔和食道
唾液 saliva 味蕾 taste buds 嗅神经 olfactory nerves 胃液的分泌 the secretion of gastric juice 恒牙 permanent teeth 咀嚼 mastication 食管 esophagus 蠕动 peristalsis 外层纵向肌 outer longitudinal layers of muscles 内层环形肌 inner circular layers of muscles
胃壁 stomach wall 斜肌层 a layer of oblique muscle
Stomach 胃 中环层和外纵层在胃底最薄 The circular and longitudinal layers of muscle are thinnest in the fundus. 胃体和胃窦逐渐变厚 The layers become progressively thicker in the body and antrum. 胃粘膜 the mucosa of the stomach
Cardiovascular System: Major Vessels
1. renal artery 肾动脉 2.vertebral artery 脊椎动脉 3. subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉 4. aorta 主动脉 5. coronary artery 冠状动脉 6. celiac artery 腹腔动脉 7. superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉 8. lumbar artery 腰动脉 9. inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动脉 10. gonadal artery 生殖腺动脉
1. renal artery 肾动脉 2. vertebral artery 脊椎动脉 3. subclavian artery 锁骨下动脉 4. aorta 主动脉 5. coronary artery 冠状动脉 6. celiac artery 腹腔动脉 7. superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动 8. lumbar artery 腰动脉 9. inferior mesenteric artery 肠系膜下动 10. gonadal artery 生殖腺动脉
Intrinsic nerves (内神经)
The submucosal plexus (Meissner plexus) What are the three nerve plexuses?
黏膜下层神经丛 （即迈斯纳神经丛）
The myenteric plexus (Auerbach plexus)