【英语】被动语态分类详解

【英语】被动语态分类详解

一、单项选择被动语态

1．We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from practice. A．should theory separate B．theory should be separated

C．theory should separate D．should theory be separated

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去，因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。这里是apply sth to sth把……应用到……，in no case在从句中的句首，所以应该用倒装，又因为theory与separate之间是被动关系，故选D。

考点：考查倒装的用法。

点评：本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，它们的各种情况比较多，需要考生牢记它们的用法，但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。

即学即练：Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the continents?

A. why is it that

B. why it is that

C. how it is that

D. how is it that

解析：B。句意：由句子结构可知，强调句型“it is ...that”对宾语从句的引导词进行强调，应用陈述语序，再由句意可知，选B。

2． A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the bird flu virus.

A．confirmed B．had been confirmed

C．was confirmed D．have confirmed

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：一例人感染H7N9病毒的报告发生在2014年，当时，一名女性被确诊感染了禽流感。Confirm证实，确认，根据was reported in 2014可知，是过去的事情，先行词是2014，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除B、D；woman与confirm是动宾关系，即她是被确诊的，故选C。

考点：考查时态与被动语态

3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.

A．will be published B．have been published

C．had been published D．are published

【答案】A

【解析】

考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来

时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。

答案：A

4．—Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?

—Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.

A．was sent B．has been sent

C．had been sent D．would be sent

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——Peterson叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——很可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，Uncle Peterson被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时态。且主语he和send之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，B选项正确。

5．Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth

_________very well.

A．has been told; washes B．had been told; washed

C．was told; was washed D．had been told; was washed

【答案】B

【解析】

考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。

6．— Did he decide to take part in the competition?

— Yes, of course. He _____ to.

A．has been encouraging B．had been encouraged

C．has been encouraged D．was to be encouraged

【答案】B

【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：——他决定参加比赛吗？——是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A 项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。

7．103．When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center ________, for the National Games are to be held then.

A．will be constructing B．will have been constructed

C．has been constructing D．is being constructed

【答案】B