甲醇厂毕业实习报告

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内蒙古科技大学

本科生毕业实习报告

学生姓名：张敏

系别：化学与化学工程学院

专业：化学工程与工艺

班级：化工08-1班

学号：03

实习地点：内蒙古神华蒙西有限责任公司

指导教师：于戈文梁倩卿

二零一二年三月

摘要

甲醇是一种重要的有机化工原料，应用广泛，可以用来生产甲醛、合成橡胶、甲胺、醋酸等一系列有机化工产品，而且还可以加入汽油掺烧或代替汽油作为动力燃料以及用来合成甲醇蛋白。随着当今世界石油资源的日益减少和甲醇单位成本的降低，用甲醇作为新的石化原料来源已经成为一种趋势。我国“缺油，少气，富煤”的国情决定了以煤为原料生产甲醇燃料是缓解石油供应矛盾较为有效措施之一。

中国甲醇工业始于1957年，20世纪90年代以来，甲醇工业发展很快。目前甲醇化工已成为化学工业中一个重要领域，甲醇的消费已超过其传统用途，潜在的耗用量远远超过其化工用途，渗透到国民经济的各个部门，今后甲醇的发展速度将更为迅速。

生产甲醇的方法有多种，早期用木材或木质素干馏制取甲醇，也有氯甲烷水解生产甲醇，但价格昂贵，没有得到工业上的应用。目前工业上几乎都采用一氧化碳、二氧化碳与氢气在一定温度、压力和催化剂的条件下合成甲醇。中国富煤贫油，由煤气化制取甲醇合成气是我国目前乃至将来的发展方向。本次实习地点在神华蒙西甲醇厂，主要参观学习了空分车间、净化车间和合成车间，了解了甲醇合成和精馏的工艺。

关键词甲醇资源节约煤气化净化精馏

Abstract

Methanol is an important organic chemical raw materials, widely used, can be used to produce formaldehyde, synthetic rubber, a amine, acetic acid, a series of organic chemical products. But also can join with gasoline or instead of burning gasoline as power fuel used and methanol synthesis of protein. With the world of petroleum resources and methanol unit cost decrease the lower, using methanol as new petrochemical raw material source has become a trend. Our country "lack of oil, gas, coal less rich" conditions with coal as raw material to produce methanol fuel oil supply is one of effective measures.

China methanol industry started in 1957, since the 1990 s, methanol industry is developing very quickly. At present methanol chemical industry has become an important chemical industry field, methanol consumer has more than its traditional use, the potential consumption amount far more than its chemical use, permeate every sector of the national economy, the development speed of the methanol in the future will be more quickly.

There are many methods of producing methanol, early to use wood or lignin dry distillation methanol, also have chloride methane hydrolysis produce methanol, but the price is expensive, didn't get industry application. Now almost all the industrial carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen in a certain temperature, pressure and under the condition of methanol synthesis catalyst. China's rich TVC coal, coal gasification by methanol synthesis is our country at present and

the future development direction. The work site in shenhua MengXi methanol factory, mainly visit learning the workshop, the purification workshop and air synthetic workshop, learned about the methanol synthesis and distillation process.

Keywords: methanol Conservation of resources Coal gasification purification distillation

目录

第一章绪论 0

1.1 神华蒙西公司简介 0

1.2 神华蒙西实习安全教育 0

第二章甲醇生产概述 (3)

甲醇的性质 (3)

物理化学属性 (3)

2. 2甲醇生产技术及制法 (3)

安全机理 (4)

醇化工作原理及流程简图 (5)

第三章甲醇合成工艺 (6)

概述 (6)

甲醇合成工艺 (6)

并联工艺流程 (7)

串联工艺流程 (7)