上海外国语大学二外英语2000年考研真题考研试题硕士研究生入学考试试题
上海外国语大学翻译专业研究生历年真题
[hide][/hide]1991年上外研究生翻译考试真题Translate the following passage into Chinese.（25%）Thus far, our holiday has been simply a friendly sign of the survival of the love of letters amongst a people too busy to give to letters any more. As such it is precious as the sign of an indestructible instinct. Perhaps thetime is already come when it ought to be, and will be, something else; when the sluggard intellect of this continent will look from under its iron lids and fill the postponed expectation of the world with something better than the exertions of mechanical skill. Our day of dependence, our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands, draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life, cannot always be fed on the mere remains of foreign harvests. Events, actions arise, that must be sung, that will sing themselves. Who can doubt that poetry will revive lead in a new age, as the star in the constellation Harp, which now flames in our zenith, astronomers announce, shall one day be the polestar for a thousand years?(Excerpted from The American Scholar by R.W. Emerson)II.Translate the following passage into English.（25%）海风微微的吹过岛上，白日里剩下的热气全吹走了。
(NEW)上海外国语大学251俄语二外历年考研真题及详解
【解析】句意为：姓李的病人被禁止从床上起来。表示禁止做某事，强 调动作，用未完成体。
5．Я четверокурсник, уже три с лишним года (учился, учусь) в университете.
【答案】учусь
【解析】句意为：我是四年级的学生，已经在学校里学习三年多了。现 在动作依然在继续，用现在时。
【答案】помогать родителям делать домашнее хозяйство 10．在电话中交谈 【答案】разговаривать по телефону III. Поставьте слова в скобках в нужной форме.(10%) 1．(Я) зовут Мария Ивановна. 【答案】Меня 【解析】固定搭配：Кого зовут...表示某人叫什么名字。 2．Она работает (учительница) в школе. 【答案】учительницей 【解析】固定搭配：работать кем-чем担任某种工作或职业。 3．В (эта неделя) Валентина Телешкова очень занята. 【答案】этой неделе 【解析】表示在具体的一周，用六格。 4．У учительницы мало (свободное время). 【答案】свободного времени 【解析】句意为：老师的时间很少。мало后面加复数二格。 5．В комнате (никто) нет. 【答案】никого 【解析】句意为：房间里没人。被否定的名词用二格。 6．Родители очень рады (успехи своего сына) в учебе.
上海外国语大学mti英语翻译硕士考研真题
一、翻译硕士英语（211）1.选择题（20*1')考单词为主，后面有几道语法。
单词以专八词汇为主，少量的gre词汇。
2.阅读（20*1'）四篇阅读，个人觉得很简单，文章很短，只有一面的长度吧，用专八阅读练习足够了。
3.改错（10*1'）比专八改错简单、前几年考的是修辞和英美文化常识、或古希腊神话典故。
4.作文（50分，500字）谈谈你对happiness的定义。
二、英语翻译基础（357）1.英译汉（75分）该部分选取的是卢梭的《爱弥儿》（Emile, or On Education）部分文章，主要选自《爱弥儿》第三卷第一节。
全文1000多字，共11段，但题目只要求翻译划线部分，总计翻译872字，共6段。
完整原文如下：The whole course of man's life up to adolescence is a period of weakness; yet there comes a time during these early years when the child's strength overtakes the demands upon it, when the growing creature, though absolutely weak, is relatively strong. His needs are not fully developed and his present strength is more than enough for them. He would be a very feeble man, but he is a strong child.What is the cause of man's weakness? It is to be found in the disproportion between his strength and his desires. It is our passions that make us weak, for our natural strength is not enough for their satisfaction. To limit our desires comes to the same thing, therefore, as to increase our strength. When we can do more than we want, we have strength enough and to spare, we are really strong. This is the third stage of childhood, the stage with which I am about to deal. I still speak of childhood for want of a better word; for our scholar is approaching adolescence, though he has not yet reached the age of puberty.About twelve or thirteen the child's strength increases far more rapidly than his needs. The strongest and fiercest of the passions is still unknown, his physical development is still imperfect and seems to await the call of the will. He is scarcely aware of extremes of heat and cold and braves them with impunity. He needs no coat, his blood is warm; no spices, hunger is his sauce, no food comes amiss at this age; if he is sleepy he stretches himself on the ground and goes to sleep; he finds all he needs within his reach; he is not tormented by any imaginary wants; he cares nothing what others think; his desires are not beyond his grasp; not only is he self-sufficing, but for the first and last time in his life he has more strength than he needs.I know beforehand what you will say. You will not assert that the child has more needs than I attribute to him, but you will deny his strength. You forget that I am speaking of my own pupil, not of those puppets who walk with difficulty from one room to another, who toil indoors and carry bundles of paper. Manly strength, you say, appears only with manhood; the vital spirits, distilled in their proper vessels and spreading through the whole body, can alone make the muscles firm, sensitive, tense, and springy, can alone cause real strength. This is the philosophy of the study;I appeal to that of experience. In the country districts, I see big lads hoeing, digging, guiding the plough, filling the wine-cask, driving the cart, like their fathers; you would take them for grown men if their voices did not betray them. Even in our towns, iron-workers', tool makers', and blacksmiths' lads are almost as strong as their masters and would be scarcely less skilful had their training begun earlier. If there is a difference, and I do not deny that there is, it is, I repeat, much less than the difference between the stormy passions of the man and the few wants of the child. Moreover, it is not merely a question of bodily strength, but more especially of strength of mind, which reinforces and directs the bodily strength.This interval in which the strength of the individual is in excess of his wants is, as I have said, relatively though not absolutely the time of greatest strength. It is the most precious time in his life; it comes but once; it is very short, all too short, as you will see when you consider the importance of using it aright.He has, therefore, a surplus of strength and capacity which he will never have again. What use shall he make of it? He will strive to use it in tasks which will help at need. He will, so to speak, cast his present surplus into the storehouse of the future; the vigorous child will make provision for the feeble man; but he will not store his goods where thieves may break in, nor in barns which are not his own. To store them aright, they must be in the hands and the head, they must be stored within himself. This is the time for work, instruction, and inquiry. And note that this is no arbitrary choice of mine, it is the way of nature herself.Human intelligence is finite, and not only can no man know everything, he cannot even acquire all the scanty knowledge of others. Since the contrary of every false proposition is a truth, there are as many truths as falsehoods. We must, therefore, choose what to teach as well as when to teach it. Some of the information within our reach is false, some is useless, some merely serves to puff up its possessor. The small store which really contributes to our welfare alone deserves the study of a wise man, and therefore of a child whom one would have wise. He must know not merely what is, but what is useful.From this small stock we must also deduct those truths which require a full grown mind for their understanding, those which suppose a knowledge of man's relations to his fellow-men--a knowledge which no child can acquire; these things, although in themselves true, lead an inexperienced mind into mistakes with regard to other matters.We are now confined to a circle, small indeed compared with the whole of human thought, but this circle is still a vast sphere when measured by the child's mind. Dark places of the human understanding, what rash hand shall dare to raise your veil? What pitfalls does our so-called science prepare for the miserable child. Would you guide him along this dangerous path and draw the veil from the face of nature? Stay your hand. First make sure that neither he nor you will become dizzy. Beware of the specious charms of error and the intoxicating fumes of pride. Keep this truth ever before you--Ignorance never did any one any harm, error alone is fatal, and we do not lose our way through ignorance but through self-confidence.His progress in geometry may serve as a test and a true measure of the growth of his intelligence, but as soon as he can distinguish between what is useful and what is useless, much skill and discretion are required to lead him towards theoretical studies. For example, would you have him find a mean proportional between two lines, contrive that he should require to find a square equal to a given rectangle; if two mean proportionals are required, you must first contrive to interest him in the doubling of the cube. See how we are gradually approaching the moral ideas which distinguish between good and evil. Hitherto we have known no law but necessity, now we are considering what is useful; we shall soon come to what is fitting and right.Man's diverse powers are stirred by the same instinct. The bodily activity, which seeks an outlet for its energies, is succeeded by the mental activity which seeks for knowledge. Children are first restless, then curious; and this curiosity, rightly directed, is the means of development for the age with which we are dealing. Always distinguish between natural and acquired tendencies. There is a zeal for learning which has no other foundation than a wish to appear learned, and there is another which springs from man's natural curiosity about all things far or near which may affect himself. The innate desire for comfort and the impossibility of its complete satisfaction impel him to the endless search for fresh means of contributing to its satisfaction. This is the first principle of curiosity;a principle natural to the human heart, though its growth is proportional to the development of our feeling and knowledge. If a man of science were left on a desert island with his books and instruments and knowing that he must spend the rest of his life there, he would scarcely trouble himself about the solar system, the laws of attraction, or the differential calculus. He might never even open a book again; but he would never rest till he had explored the furthest corner of his island, however large it might be. Let us therefore omit from our early studies such knowledge as has no natural attraction for us, and confine ourselves to such things as instinct impels us to study.2.汉译英（75分）2016年11月5日，上海外国语大学首届“中国学的国际对话：方法与体系”国际研讨会在虹口校区高翻学院同传室拉开帷幕，本次学术研讨会由上外主办，中国学研究所协同国际关系与公共事务学院、高级翻译学院联合承办，欧盟研究中心、俄罗斯研究中心、英国研究中心、中日韩合作研究中心以及马克思主义学院共同参与。
语言学第四章句法学考研真题
Chapter Four: SyntaxI 名词解释1.（上海外国语大学2000年考题）deep structure考点分析：考查深层结构的定义Answer: Deep structure refers to the abstract representation of the syntactic properties of a construction, i.e. the underlying level of structural relations between its different constituents, such as the relation between the underlying subject and its verb, or a verb and its object.2. (中山大学2004，吉林大学2000年考题) category考点分析：范畴的定义Answer: The term “category” in some approaches refers to classes and functions in a narrow sense, e.g. noun, verb, predicate, noun phrase, verb phrase, etc. more specifically, it refers to the defining properties of these general units: the categories of the noun, for example, include number, gender, case and countability; and of the verb, for example, tense, aspect, voice, etc. 3. (华南理工大学2004年考题)constituent考点分析：考查成分的定义Answer: Constituent refers to a component element of a sentence.4. (中山大学2003年考题)immediate constituent analysis考点分析：考查直接成分分析法.Answer: Immediate constituent analysis is the analysis of a sentence in terms of its immediate constituents –word groups (or phrases), which are in turn analyzed into the immediate constituents of their own, and process goes on until the ultimate constituents are reached.5. (南开大学2003年考题)endocentric construction考点分析：向心结构的定义Answer: Endocentric construction one construction whose distribution is functionally equivalent, or approaching equivalence, to one of its constituents, which serves as the center, or head, of the whole. It is also known as a headed construction.6. (南开大学2001年考题) exocentric construction考点分析：离心结构的定义Answer: “Exocentric construction”, the opposite of endocentric construction, refers to a group of syntactically related words where none of the words is functionally equivalent to the whole to the whole group; that is to say, there is no definable center or head inside the group.7.（武汉大学2003年考题）transformational roles考点分析：转换规则的定义Answer: In Noam Chomsky’s Transformational Grammar, transformational rules are those rules which change the deep structures generated by the phrase structure component into surface structures. A transformational rule consists of a sequence of symbols which is rewritten as another sequence according to certain convention.II 填空题1. (中山大学2003年考题）The category of ____ is prominent in the grammar of Latin, with sixdistinctions of nominative, vocative, accusative, genitive, dative and ablative考点分析：考查格范畴在拉丁语中的特点Answer: case2. (中山大学2003年考题)____ construction usually includes basic sentence, prepositional phrase,predicate (verb + object) construction, and connective (be + complement) construction.考点分析：考查哪些短语属于离心结构Answer: Exocentric3. (电子科技大学2002年考题)In the construction of the phrase “the girl”, the immed iateconstituents of it are _____.考点分析：直接成分及成分名称Answer: the determiner plus the noun phrase4. (苏州大学1997 年考题)Transformational rules are those which relate or transform ____ of a sentence into ____考点分析：转换规则的作用Answer: deep structure; surface structureIII 选择题1.（北京第二外国语学院2004 年考题）____refers to the relations holding between elementsreplaceable with each other at particular place in structure, or between one element present and the others absent.a. Syntagmatic relationb. Paradigmatic relationc. Co-occurrence relation考点分析：考查对横，纵组合关系定义的掌握Answer: b2. (东南大学2002年考题)According to Standard Theory of Chomsky, ____contain all theinformation necessary for the semantic interpretation of sentences.a. deep structureb. surface structurec. transformational rulesd. PS-rules考点分析：乔姆斯基标准理论中的观点Answer: aIV 问答题1.（北京第二外国语学院2004年考题）Distinguish the two pos sible meanings of “more beautiful flowers” by means of IC analysis.考点分析：用直接成分分析法分析有歧义词组的结构Answer:more beautiful flowers more beautiful flowersAdj. Adj. N Adv. Adj. NNP2. (北京第二外国语大学200年考题) Tell is each of the following is endocentric or exocentric construction.1. take a break2. an extremely difficult book3. ladies and gentlemen4. at present5. swimming in the lake考点分析：分析短语属于离心结构还是向心结构Answer: 1. exocentric 2. endocentric 3. endocentric 4. exocentric 5. endocentric 3.（东南大学2001年考题）Explain and exemplify the following PS rules:NP → (D) N (S)AUX →t (M) (have-en) (being)考点分析：考查对某一短语结构的描述Answer:1) The first rule means that a noun phrase can be written as a determiner plus a noun, and may then be followed by a sentence. For example, a) the man who came to see me last night and b) Michael, who had never been there before.2) The second rule means that an auxiliary can be represented by a number of ways. An auxiliary should contain tense element (t) and a modal verb (M), or a past perfect tense (have-en), or be plus an ing of a verb. E.g.Aux --- t (M): May I read your paper?Aux --- t (have-en): Have you finished your paper?Aux --- t (being): Are you reading your paper?4.(大连外国语学院2001，2002年考题)Produce surface structures from the following deep structures without going through the process of transformations.1) Neg she past work last week2) Tag you past meet him3) policemen past be + en beat John4) Q the professor pres be angry SOME REASON5) Q he past do SOMETHING6) Imp you pres will wash you7) [Neg Mary past go to the bookstore] [Neg Lisa past go to the bookstore]8) the girl [the girl pres be beautiful] pres be from China考点分析：讲深层结构转换为表层结构Answer:1) She didn’t work last week2) Y ou me t him, didn’t you?3) The policemen were beaten by John4) Why is the professor angry?5) What did he do?6) Wash yourself7) Mary didn’t go to the bookstore. Lisa didn’t go to the bookstore either8) The girl who is beautiful is from China5.(广东外语外贸大学2004年考题)On the basis of the following data, write out the phrase structure rules for adverb phrases and verb phrases.1) John walked slowly2) Tom talked with Jack very quickly3) Alice discussed the matter with her best friend quite early考点分析：实例分析，归纳副词短语和动词短语的结构规则Answer: Adverbs may be preceded by a very tiny class of adverbs, as shown by the above sentences. The class of adverbs in these sentences leads to the following new Phrase Structure rules:AdvP → (Deg) Adv (Deg stands for degree words)VP → V (NP) (VP) (AdvP)6. (苏州大学1997年考题)Draw a tree diagram according to PS rules to show the deep structure of the sentence:考点分析：用树形图分析句子的深层结构Answer:S∣∣∣NP VP∣∣-∣∣∣∣∣Det NP V NP adv∣∣∣∣∣The student wrote yesterday∣∣Det N∣∣a letter。
北京外国语大学硕士研究生入学考试基础英语2000[试卷+答案]
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北京外国语大学2000年硕士研究生入学试题基础英语试卷I.Reading Comprehension.（32分）1.Read the following article and paraphrase the underlined parts:The twenty-first century will mark the era of tertiary and lifelong learning for everybody-or almost everybody.Thus the West Report from Australia,echoing a key theme of the immediately preceding Dearing Report in the UK①(National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Education [NCIHE],1997).The notion of lifelong learning has pervaded higher education around the world as governments have increasingly come to recognize a link between their education systems and national economic performance.However,policy relating to the actual making of the link needs deeper consideration.The development of key skills’has been seen in the UK as an important way in which higher education can contribute to economic development,but it can be argued that to focus on these skills represents a narrow and insufficient response to what employers-and the wider interest-really need(see Stephenson’s[1998]argument for a‘capability’approach to higher education and,more broadly,the discussion in part2of Barnett[1994].However the contested nature of this aspect of higher education might be resolved,current discussions have left relatively unexplored the broader implications for curricula②and,in particular,for fist-cycle provision.In earlier times many took the view that a first degree③was a sufficient basis for lifetime career.The accelerating pace of knowledge development has undermined this conception,and increasing attention is now being given to the provision of higher degree programs and other opportunities for professional development.This raises a serious question:what function does the first degree serve in the context of lifelong learning?Logically,it makes no sense in today’s world to try to pack first degree curricula with all the knowledge,understanding and skills need for the rest of a lifetime.There simply is not the time available,and anyway curriculum-packing runs the risk of superficiality of learning.④A first degree should,if they have not already acquired it,develop in students the ability to learn how to learn,as well as enhance their subject-specific expertise and other relevant skills.The old saying is valid here:giving individuals each a fish might feed them for a day,but teaching them the skills of fishing could feed them for life.There is a need to think of the first degree in terms of the quality,rater than the quantity,of students’learning,In today’s world the first degree becomes more of a foundation qualification, upon which graduates will expect to build during their lives.Some might react by saying that to make such a shift implies a dilution of academic standards-but the counter is that standards relate primarily to the quality,and not the quantity,of students’learning.⑤The reconstrued first degree need be no intellectual poor relation:academic rigour can be built into curricula of widely differing focus.The standards may well be different,but they do have to be inferior.Some reduction in the volume of discipline-specific content will require an adjustment of thought⑥－in particular,on the part of employers and professional bodies.The professional accreditation of some first degree programs is seen by some as an essential condition.However, there seems no necessary reason for this to be the case-and it might well be to the professions’longer-term advantage if first degree curricula were to pay particular attention to developing in graduates the ability to learn to learn,⑦leaving subsequent professional and developmentalactivities to provide the‘topping-up’that would cohere with the professional bodies’expectations.A strategic vision for higher education in the next millennium requires more than a muttering of the mantra of lifelong learning.Making lifelong learning‘work demands a sustained commitment to fitting together the pieces of the multidimensional jigsaw whose components include educational purposes,values and practicalities.Academics are among the people who ought to relish this jigsaw’s challenge.Whippier-snapper:an insignificant,esp.young,person who appears impertinent.①echoing a key theme of the immediately preceding Dearing Report in the UK.②However the contested nature of this aspect of higher education might be resolved,current discussions have left relatively unexplored the broader implications for curricula.③first degree④curriculum-packing runs the risk of superficiality of learning.⑤but the counter is that standards relate primarily to the quality,and not the quantity,of students’learning.⑥Some reduction in the volume of discipline-specific content will require an adjustment of thought⑦it might well be to the professions’longer-term advantage if first degree curricula were to pay particular attention to developing in graduates the ability to learn.Ⅱ.Read the following passage and answer the following questions:（28分）When that Grand old Man of Victorian,William Evart Gladstone,was in his85th year,he was steering the second home-rule bill foe Ireland through a recalcitrant parliament and going home to translate the odes of Horace at night,When Ronald Reagan reached the tender age of73,he was fighting his second presidential election campaign.Alan Greenspan,the world’s most successful central banker,is also73.Politics and economics are plainly jobs that the old can do well.They are not alone.The boardrooms of the world’s big companies are full of non-executive sages, telling whippersnapper40-somethings how to run their firms.①Why,then,are so few of the rich world’s older folk in employment?They live longer and enjoy better health than their parents did.Most jobs have become less physically demanding;most people in late middle age are well sensibly,is no harder than training the young.But the figures show an1960,men could expect to spend50of their68years of life in paid work.Today,they are likely to work for only38of their76years.Fewer than two-thirds of men in their late50a and early60s ate in the rich world’s labour force.by the time they celebrate their55th birthday,more than half of Europe’s men have gone home to translate Horace.②For most,that is something to celebrate.Never before have so many people been able to look forward to so many years of healthy leisure.Two-thirds of people say that they like being retired and have no desire to go back to work There are grandchildren to enjoy,foreign countries to visit,books to read and golf games to play.The pleasures of old age less expensive,and more widely available,than ever before.③Silver-haired liningThe big question is whether all of this retirement is voluntary.It is worth asking for its own sake;in a liberal society,the old,too,should be free to choose.But,in addition,the stampede to retire has consequences not merely for the old themselves.And it is often being encouraged by perverse public policy.Widespread and early retirement will increasingly affect the lives of everyone else,for two reasons.The first is a familiar one:as the share of old folk in the population rises,so will the burden on the young of paying for their pensions and health care.The second is less discussed:the rise of the grey-headed leisured class has consequences for economic growth,because of its impact on the supply of labour and of capital.Many governments,their eyes focused on the impact that future pensions claims will have on public finances,have embarked on reforms__but not always reforms that five pensioners a freer choice.For their eyes are also trained.in the shorter term,on high unemployment.④Governments,especially in western Europe,are pressing more people to retire early,on the mistaken view that this will provide jobs for the young,even as they try to trim pensioners’entitlements in order to reduce the burden on public finances.This is unforgivable from a liberal point of view.It is also foolish from the perspective of public policy.The sheer size of the baby-boom generation that starts to teach retirement age over the coming decade means that there will be a simple,but huge imbalance:too few people in work, paying taxes and pension contributions;too many in retirement,drawing on pensions and running up health costs.In that case,the main alternatives will be to renege on the pensions that workers thought they had been promised,or to raise taxes.It would be far better for the health of economies if more older people went on working instead.Quite small rises in the ages at which people retire have large effects.⑤As long as older folk stay in the job market,they pay taxes （helping one side of the fiscal balance）and draw either no pension,or a smaller one（helping the other）.Governments should recognize that people（like politicians）would prefer to decide for themselves when to retire.At Present,the choice is,perversely,biased in favour of retirement.For example,in many countries,the opportunity cost of working beyond the minimum retirement age is high:workers must often leave the job market in order to receive a state pension,and even where this is not the case,they rarely earn any extra pension for their additional taxes and contributions,If they claim disability benefit,as many in their late50s and early60s do,their pension rights are rarely affected.Such perverse incentives should be replaced with neutrality.Employers,often urged on by trade unions,also put obstacles of their own in the way of older workers.Pension schemes based on defined benefits make it disproportionately expensive to offer jobs to older people.Pay schemes that reward longs service more that merit and productivity make it disproportionately costly to keep older workers on the payroll.⑥And sheer discrimination,formally banned in the united States but flourishing in most countries,persuades many older folk to go home rather than risk probable rebuff.Would such changes coax60-olds off the golf course?In America,where jobs for older workers are plentiful and the government is scrapping the tax disincentives for older folk to work, early retirement has begun to fall.Give people a choice,and they might surprise you.Answer the following questions.1.The boardrooms of the world’s big companies are full of non-executive sages,telling whippersnapper40-somethings how to run their firms.（1）what is the meaning of“boardroom”in this sentence?（2）what is meant by“non-executive sages”?（3）what is meant by“whippier-snapper40something’s”?2.By the time they celebrate their55th birthday,more than half of Europe’s men have gonehome to translate Horace.Do they really go home to translate poetry?What do they do?3.The pleasures of old age are less expensive,and more widely available,than ever before.Explain the idea of this sentence in your own words.4.For their eyes are also trained in the shorter term,on high unemployment.What is the meaning of this sentence?Explain in your own words.5.Quite small rises in the ages at which people retire have large effects.Explain in your own words.6.Pay schemes that reward long service more than merit and productivity make it disproportionately costly to keep older workers on the payroll.（1）why is it very costly to keep older workers on the payroll?（2）what is meant by“to keep…..on the payroll”?7.Does the author of this article advocate that workers reaching retirement age should stay on their jobs?If so,why?If not,what does he advocate?Ⅲ.Translate the following Chinese passage into English（40分）从诞生的那天起，人类就开始一刻也不停地创造着他的文明。
外国语学院二外德语历年考研真题及详解【可修改文字】
可编辑修改精选全文完整版外国语学院二外德语历年考研真题及详解(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可--全国名校外国语学院二外德语历年考研真题及详解（第3版）益星学习网可免费下载题库目录第1章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题分析二外德语考研真题分析重点院校二外德语考研真题比较第2章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题详解1．北京外国语大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2012～2014）2．中国人民大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2007）3．对外经济贸易大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2013～2014）4．北京第二外国语学院二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2012～2013）5．北京航空航天大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2012～2014）6．上海外国语大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2006）7．浙江大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2008-2009）8．武汉大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2008-2011）9．南京大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2008-2009）10．中山大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2012～2014）11．厦门大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2011～2013）12．四川外语学院二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2008-2009）13．南开大学二外德语考研真题及参考答案（2011～2012）第1章全国名校外语学院二外德语考研真题分析“二外德语”是全国各院校英语、日语、法语、俄语等外国语专业研究生入学考试科目，考生第二外语为德语。
一般来说，“二外德语”总分为100分，考试时间为3小时。
二外德语考研真题分析“二外德语”为全国各大院校自主命题，而非全国统考，没有统一的考试大纲，考生在备考“二外德语”时往往目标不明确，定位不准确，所以对各大院校的二外德语历年真题分析则显得尤为重要。
分析各大院校的二外德语试题能够为考生准确定位自己的德语水平提供很好的参照，也使考生对“二外德语”考试有一个全面的了解，更加清晰的了解出题者的思路，从而正确地制定出复习方法和学习步骤，使复习具有针对性，使复习的效果更上一层楼。
2000年上海外国语大学英语综合以及答案
上海外国语大学2000年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业：英语语言文学考试科目：英语综合试卷(三小时内完成)I. Cloze (20%)Fill in each blank with a word or phrase that is grammatically and semantically appropriate. Please write your answers on the answer sheet.Acts of sabotage are very important. It is necessary to distinguish (1)______ between sabotage, revolutionary- and highly effective method of warfare, and terrorism, a (2)_______ that is generally ineffective and indiscriminate in its results, (3)_____ it often makes victims of innocent people and destroys a large number of lives that would be valuable to the revolution. Terrorism should be considered a valuable tactic (4)_____ it is used to put to death some noted leader of the oppressing forces well known for his cruelty, his efficiency in repression, (5)_____ any other quality that makes his (6)___ useful. (7)____ the killing of persons of small importance is never advisable, (8)______ it brings on an increase of reprisals, including deaths.There is one point very much in controversy in opinions about terrorism. Many consider that its use, by provoking police repression, hinders (9)____ more or less legal or semi-clandestine contact with the masses and makes impossible unification for actions that will be necessary at a critical moment. This is correct; but it (10)_____ happens that in a civil war the repression by the governmental power in certain towns is already- so great that, in fact, every type of legal action is suppressed (11)______, and any action of the masses that is not supported by arms is (12).____. It is (13)______ necessary to be circumspect in adopting methods of this type and to consider the consequences that they may bring for the revolution. (14)____, well-managed sabotage is always a very effective arm, (15)_____ it should not be employed to put means of production out of action, leaving a sector of the population paralyzed (and thus without work) (16) _____ this paralysis affects the normal life of the society. It is ridiculous to carry out sabotage against a soft drink factory, (17)_____ it is absolutely correct and advisable to carry out sabotage against a power plant. In the (18)_______case, a certain number of workers are put out a job but (19)_____ is done to modify the rhythm of industrial life; but this is entirely justified by the paralysis of the life of the (20)_____.II. Sentence Matching (20%)Match a sentence in the left column with one in the right column. The sentences to be paired up should be coherent in meaning. Please write your answers on the answer sheet. In nursery lorea verse or tradition, learnt1. in early childhood, is not usually passed on again until the little listener has grown up, and has children of his own2. The other problem that arises from the employment of women is that of the working wife.4. Into this happy world the nineteenth century, brought two new facts: the breech-loading rifle and the British Government.5. As the embodiment of majesty and earthly power, Louis was popular.6. Australia has also given great attention to recruiting people elsewhere.7. The gorilla is something of a paradox in the African scene. One thinks one knows him well.9. The form of attack of a guerrilla army is also different.10. There are a good man), objective pieces of evidence for the erosion of men’s status.A. By and large, therefore. Australia still prefers British migrants, and tends to be rather less selective in their case than it is with others.B. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and transmitting it may be anything from twenty to seventy years.C. It has two aspects; that of the wife who is more of a success than her husband and that of the wife who must rely heavily on her husband for help with domestic tasks.D. The French were delighted with him, and other European peoples were impressed.E. What decides the issue of whether a genuine courtship is going to get under way is the woman’s response. Yet the fact is we know very little about them. G, The first was an enormous luxury and blessing; the second, an unmitigated nuisance.H. They decided that the country had an excellent potential source of applicants among the so-called “guess workers〞who have crossed their own frontiers to work in other parts of Europe.I. In the first place, there is the widespread postwar phenomenon of the woman Prime Minister, in India, Ceylon and Israel.J. Starting with surprise and fury, irresistible, it suddenly converts itself into total passivity.ⅢSupplying the Missing Parts (10%)There are two parts omitted in this short essay. They can be either a paragraph or sentences. Supply the missing parts so that the whole essay forms a unified whole. Please write them on the answer sheetThumbing a Lift[the missing part]To fulfill the first requirement you must have some mark to distinguish you at once from all other hikers. A soldier, for instance, should wear his uniform. In a foreign country an unmistakable indication of your own nationality will also arrest a driver’s attention.When l hitchhiked 9500 miles across the United States and back recently I wore a well-tailored suit, a bowler hat and a trench coat, and carried a pencil-thin rolled black umbrella. My suitcase was decorated with British flags. Having plenty of luggage, moreover, I was not likely to be suspected of being a dangerous lunatic. I then had to get across to the driver the idea that I was a real traveller, and needed to get somewhere cheaply.But even with careful preparation, you must not assume that the task will be easy. You should be prepared to wait a little, for there are drivers who confess to a fierce prejudice against, not to say hatred of, hitch-hikers, and would no more pick up a hiker than march from London to Manchester. In America, my average wait was half an hour, and my longest two hours, but I have heard of people waiting all day; they presumably took less pains to make themselves conspicuous.[the missing part] On one occasion I found myself driving with two boys of about nineteen who turned out to be on the run from the police, and were hoping to use me as an alibi: There are also lesser risks: you may find yourself in the car of a religious fanatic, or just a bad driver. You cannot tell, of course, until you are in the car. But you soon learn .the art of the quick excuse that gets you out again.If the hitchhiker in the US will remember that he is seeking the kindness of drivers to giveWest. It will also help if he can drive – I think that I drove myself about 4500 of those 9500 miles I hitchhiked in the States.There are FOUR passages with a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then choose the ONE correct answer. Please write your answers on your answer sheet.Text A1. With what subject is the passage mainly concerned?(A) Women and the church in the nineteenth century.(B) The relationship between poverty and politics.(C) A historical perspective of politics.(D) Activities and interests of 19%century women.(A) Impoverished people requested their help.(B) They wanted to be more than homemakers.(C) They were not interested in reading.(D) Their ministers sought their assistance.3. According to the passage, most women in the nineteenth century, were thought to be(A) poor and sickly.(B) angry and rebellious.(C) religious and humanitarian.(D) timid and helpless.4. Which of the following can be inferred about the women described in the passage?(A) They〞were poor and needed work to help support their families.(B) They were middle-class and were looking for money to pay for luxuries.5. The passage mentions all of the following as good deeds performed by women EXCEPT(A) travelling abroad as ambassadors for their country.(C) making ministers’ offices more attractive.(D) helping women whose husbands died.Text BAt birth, the infant has only the most elementary emotional life. Newborns show an expression of disgust, for example, in response to strong tastes, and show surprise in reaction to sudden change. They also show interest, which developmental psychologists consider an emotion in its own right.By ten months, infants display the full range of what are considered the basic emotions: joy, anger, sadness, disgust, surprise, and fear. The emergence of the basic emotions during the first year or two of life seems to be programmed by a biological clock for brain development. As the appropriate brain maturation occurs, the various emotions appear in an infant’s repertory. For example, studies of brain activity in ten-month-olds show that the right frontal regions are moreactive during positive emotions, and the left during negative emotions.6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(A) Measuring Infant Intelligence and Brain Development.(B) Brain Maturation and Emotional Growth in Infants.(C) Stimulating the Development in Infant Emotions.(D) Positive and Negative Emotions in Infants.7. The phrase “in its own right〞is closest in meaning to which of the following?(A) Legally.(B) In fact.(C) In itself.(D) On the other hand.8. In the second paragraph, the author uses the analogy of a clock to emphasize which of the following generalizations about infants’ emotional behaviour?(A) It emerges rapidly.(C) It develops with predictable regularity.(D) It may change from one minute to the next.9. Which of the following statements about ten-month-old infants is best supported by the passage?(A) Their various emotional responses are difficult to discriminate.(B) Their emotional range is wider than that of newborns.(C) Their behaviour is affected only by positive emotions.(D) Their brain activity is greater when they are happy.10. The ideas in the passage are divided into two paragraphs in order to contrast(A) emotional development at two stages of infancy.(B) two areas of the brain involved in emotional development.(C) the development of two emotions in infants.(D) two methods of measuring emotional development.Text CNaples: the butter-side-down of Italian cities, where even the truth has a strangely fictitious tinge. One day a car rear-ended one of the city’s minibuses. The bus driver got out to investigate. While he stood there talking, his only passenger took the wheel and drove off. Neither passenger nor bus was ever seen again.Then there was that busy lunch hour in the central post office when a crack in the ceiling opened and postal workers were overwhelmed by an avalanche of stale croissants. As the cleaners hauled away garbage bags of moldy breakfast rolls, the questions remained: Who’? Why? And what else could still be up there?But Naples actually isn’t so funny. Italy’s third largest city,, with 1.1 million people, has a much darker side, where chaos reigns: bag snatching and mugging, clogged streets of stupefying confusion, where traffic moves to mysterious laws of its own through multiple intersections whose traffic lights haven’t functioned for months, ma ybe years - if they have lights at all. Packs of wild dogs roam the city’s main park. Nineteen policemen on the anti-narcotics squad are arrested for accepting payoffs from the Camorra, the local Mafia.To many Italians, particularly those in the wealthy, industrialized north, none of this is surprising. To them Naples means political corruption, wasted federal subsidies, rampant organized crime, appallingly large families, and cunning, lazy people who prefer to do something shady rather than honest work..This is a city in which living on the brink of collapse is normal. Naples has survived wars, revolutions, floods, earthquakes, and eruptions of nearby Vesuvius. First a wealthy colony founded by the Greeks (who called it Neapolis, or “new city〞), then a flourishing Roman resort it lived through various incarnations under dynasties of Normans, Swabians Austrians, Spanish, and French, not to mention a glorious period as the resplendent capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.11. The two examples in the second and third paragraphs intend to show that(A) Naples has a high incidence of traffic accidents.(B) anything extraordinary can happen in Naples.(C) people there love to store food for years,(D) everything appears to be on the wrong side.12. The following words are appropriate to describe traffic conditions in Naples EXCEPT(A) disorder.(B) overcrowding.(C) insecurity.(D) inefficiency.13. It can be concluded from the passage that the Northerners(A) are critical of what Naples represents.(B) sympathize with Neopnlitans.(C) share many things with Neopolitans.(D) make every effort to shun Neopolitans.14. The author implies that Neopolitans’ affection for the city(A) was unrealistic.(B) went a bit too far.(C) was extraordinary.(D) gave rise to concern.15. When the author says “‘Today that remark carries less poetic connotations,〞he actually- means that(A) the city can now boast very few poets.(B) artists and writers have left for London and Paris.(C) the city underwent heavy, bombing during the War.(D) The city’s present problems obscured its glorious past.Text DLaymen suspect that because colds are self-limiting, short, non-fatal infections, doctors do not take them very seriously. Nobody will think this after reading Sir Christopher Andrewes’sbook.Growing cold viruses in the laboratory also proved difficult until one of the men involved demonstrated his possession of that most precious scientific faculty-serendipity.Cold viruses were being grown with only moderate success in laboratory cultures of lung tissue from human embryos. The lung tissue cultures were kept alive by a salt solution containing added vitamins and a number of other ingredients. one day at Salisbury Dr. David Tyrrell found that this salt solution was faulty, and in order to keep his tissue cultures going he hastily borrowed a supply from another laboratory. When the imported solution was added to tissue cultures infected with cold viruses the lung tissue cells began to degenerate in a manner typical of tissues parasitized by active viral particles.Dr. Tyrrell soon discovered that the borrowed fluid provided a more acid medium in his culture tubes than that produced by the native Salisbury brew. The nose provides a slightly acid environment, and Dr. Tyreell realized that a degree of acidity was just what nose-inhabiting viruses needed in order to thrive outside the body. Thus a happy accident enabled a perspicacious scientist to modify the cold virus culture technique and thence forward the whole exercise proved far easier and more profitable.(C) is really fifty to one hundred different diseases.(D) is not likely to attack many types of animal.l7. The prevention of all colds is(A) Improbable.(B) very difficult.(C) Impossible.(D) Imminent.18. One can deduce from the passage that colds are(A) not given enough attention by doctors.(B) more frequent in America than in England.(C) due to bacteria.(D) likely to attack only very. few types of animals.19. The passage stresses that Dr. Tyrrell discovered how to(A) prevent colds in most circumstances.(B) create colds artificially more effectively.(C) prove that draughts and wet feet do not prevent colds.(D) show that colds are not very infectious.20. The passage assumes that colds present exactly the same problem in(A) Germany, America and Britain.(B) hot and temperate climates.(C) winter and summer.(D) children and adults.V. Writing (20%)“History is little more tha n a register of the crimes, follies and misfortunes of mankind〞.1. England occupies the southern portion of_______.A. Great BritainB. EuropeC. the British IslesD. the United Kingdom2. Among the five lakes, ______is the largest freshwater lake of its kind in the world.A. Lake ErieB. Lake SuperiorC. Lake MichiganD. Lake Huron3. After the Celts, _______ was the first invasion of England by foreigners.A. the Anglo-SaxonsB. the JutesC. RomansD. Normans4. The most densely-populated region in the U.S. is _______ of the country.A. the northeastern partB. the Great Lakes’ areaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific coast5. The nucleus of the British Government is_______.C. the House of LordsD. the Queen6. _______ is head of the executive branch in the U.S.A. The CongressB. The PresidentC. Chief JusticeD. The SenateVII. Answer the question. (4%)What do you know about the beat generation in America?参考答案：上海外国语大学2000年攻读硕士学位研究生考试英语语言文学专业英语综合试卷1 Cloze1 clearly2 measure3 since4 when5 or6 elimination7 but8 since9 all10 also 11 already 12 impossible 13 therefore 14 at any rate 15 though 16 unless 17 but 18 first 19 nothing 20 region2 Sentence matching1-b 2-c 3-e 4-g 5-d 6-a 7-f 8-h 9-j 10-I3 Supplying the missing part2) Nor must you assume that all the drivers who stop for you are nice, normal people.1-5 D B C D A6-10 B C C B A11-15 B B A C D16-20 C A D B CV. Writing (20%)History is little more than a register of the crimes, follies and misfortunes of mankind Personally, I am quite enthusiastic about history. And I’m fascinated to what had happened in the past. And if I am asked to give a definition of history, my version might be different from the one above.From the aspect of etymology, we can see that “history〞mainly talks about men’s story. With no prejudice against women, I have to admit that the recorded history is mainly about men. What kind of behavior is usually connected with men? We can easily make a list of it, and the content within it is mainly about violence, war, blood, etc. If we check the criminal records, modern or ancient, we will find that almost all criminals are men. From this aspect, we can say men’s stories are not that brilliant.History does contain a lot of unfavorable things. But we couldn’t neglect what is really amazing, such as grand architectures, talented discoveries and inventions, glorious literature, etc. Since we were kids, we have been told stories of little mermaid, the great deeds of the discovery of new continent (even if the incentive of the discovery is not glorious at all), and Four Great Inventions. From those ancient people, famous or anonymous, we learned a lot.VI1-6 C B C D B BVII. Answer the question. (4%)。
上海外国语大学综合英语2002答案
答案部分：上海外国语大学2002年硕士研究生入学考试试题英语综合试题I.1.joint 2.similar 3.involved 4.but 5.all 6.within7.this8.soul9.solitary10.He11.that12.only13.best14.for15.world16.here 17.necessarily18.wedding19.or20.earthII.missing sentences:1.but internally it is seldom the real situation2.and one sex can never exist all alone without the influence from the other sexquestions:1.Sentence No.2serves to explain Sentence No.1by providing an example.2.The word“whole”means both men and women are respected,their potential is fully realized,and their personalities fully developed in an all-round way.3.Sentence No.8serves to explain Sentence No.7by giving predictionRhetorical FunctionDescribeIdentifyCompareExplainanalogyexampleplanfactpredicthypothesizeSummarizeⅢ、A:1.D2.C3.AQuestion：1.As evening was drawing near,Blackpool became livelier with more people.The town and the beach seemed to be more attractive than before in the author’s eye because in the near future the beach would regain its past grandeur and people would enjoy themselves on the beautiful beach again.B:4.D5.C6.A7.BQuestion：2.The last sentence in the second paragraph means what happens in the real situation is that Asian countries decide on policies that are between the two available options that have been mentioned.No matter which policy the countries actually took,they suffered a lot.Question：3.The writer’s tone in the fourth paragraph is sarcastic.For example,the writer described vividly that IMF tried to claim credit for the recovery of Korea’s economy and it failed to realize,or simply ignored,those countries,which followed its instructions but didn’t recover,and those recovered without its help.C:8.D9.B10.A11.CQuestion：4.Migration’s impact on population change may seem to be weak but in fact it is ongoing and profound.It brings with itself its own problems as well as solutions to existing problems.Therefore,it is a process full of conflict.D:12.B13.D14.C15.AQuestion：5.The writer mainly argues that it is possible for creative people to communicate their original ideas successfully to their audience because creative people share in the life of their society and possess an internal communication system within;through utilizing the system they can make themselves understood by the public.参考作文：A Little is not a Necessarily Dangerous ThingWhen Alexander Pope first said that little learning is a dangerous thing,he meant that because people who know little sometimes do not understand how little they know and therefore prone to error.However,in my opinion,a little learning is not necessarily dangerous.First of all,little learning is better than no learning at all.Although people who know little may fail to realize how little they know,there are some who may be inspired to learn more after knowing that they do not know enough and learning is actually an endless and ongoing process.Secondly,little learning is an efficient way to obtain knowledge in a society of information explosion.In the information age,every day,every hour,every minute and even second there is new information emerging. Some is useful,some is not,and some information may be of more valueto you than other information.It is too time and energy-consuming to gain all the information.For the information that is of great importance to you, you may want to process it with great care to have a thorough understanding in that certain field.While for the not-so-important information,you only need to have a little learning.For example,for a dentist who is not very keen on politics,he may want to keep up with the latest development in the field of dentistry,yet it is still necessary for him to be aware of the current development on the political arena of the world. Thus he may devote most of his time and energy to medical literature on dentistry and the latest magazine in that field,while a quick scan of some local newspaper is fairly enough to keep him informed of the world politics.It is said that the structure of knowledge of the future generations is of the shape of the letter T,which means people should know everything about something(e.g.for the dentist mentioned above,he should know everything about dentistry)and at the same time know something about everything(e.g.he should have some general information about the world he is living in to survive no matter whether he is interested in it or not.). Therefore,a little learning is not necessarily a dangerous thing but a necessary and beneficial means by which people can survive and succeed in this information age.(400words)V.1.It is said that the adjective is the enemy of the noun.That may be true, but adjectives are still very useful words.They add information to a sentence,and tell us more about nouns and pronouns.Determiners are a particular type of adjectives,including words like the,a,an,each,every, some and any,which were used before a noun in order to show which thing you mean.Adjectives other than determiners give information on other qualities like size(big),colour(red),shape(round),material (wooden)and many other attributes.2.The basic principle of ellipsis is leaving out something understood and hence produces incomplete sentences with such a structure as to presuppose preceding item.Ellipsis,somehow like substitutions,sets up cohesion on the basis of structural recoverability with reference to the linguistic context.Here are three types of ellipsis:a)Nominal:Why give me two cups of coffee?I only asked for one.b)V erbal:A:Have you seen him before?B:Yes,I have(seen him before).c)Clausal:A:Will it rain tomorrow?B:Perhaps(it will rain tomorrow).3.Concord refers to a matching relationship between two grammatical units,a way of showing that they have a certain feature in common,and applies to gender,number and person.For example,Gender:The Queen has lost her crown.Number:The shoes were too small.Person:I am thankful.There are three principles of S-P concord:(1)Grammatical concordA singular subject requires a singular verb/predicator.e.g.My daughter watches television after supper.A plural subject requires a plural verb/predicator.e.g.My daughters watch television after supper.If the subject is a noun phrase,the number of the noun phrase depends on the number of its head.e.g.The change in male attitudes is most obvious in industry.The changes in male attitudes are most obvious in industry.Clauses in the position of subject count as singular.e.g.That she was angry doesn’t concern me.(2)Notional concord is agreement of verb with subject according to the idea/notion of number.e.g.collective nouns.Our family are going on holiday this week.(3)Principle of proximity is agreement of the verb with a noun or pronoun that closely precedes it.e.g.No one except his own supporters agree with him.One in ten take drugs.Grammatical concord has something to do with grammar,while notional concord relates to the semantic meaning of the subject and principle of proximity concerns the position of various parts of the subject.The lattertwo principles are complementary to the first one.4.Strictly speaking,English has no future tense,i.e.,there is no inflection of the verb that could represent future time,so as to be called Future Tense,unlike the Present and Past forms(inflections)of the verb that represent Present and Past tenses respectively.However,there are many structures of the verb and auxiliary combinations[auxiliaries/semi-auxiliaries+verb]that are capable of describing a future event.e.g.（1).I leave for London tomorrow.(2).I am leaving for London tomorrow.(3).I am going to leave for London tomorrow.(4).I am to leave for London tomorrow.(5).I am about to leave for London tomorrow.(6).I will leave for London tomorrow.(7).I shall leave for London tomorrow.5.Adjectives can be“attributive”,which means that they occur before nouns and after the determiners,and then name an attribute of the noun (e.g.,an entertaining book;the handsome prince)or the adjective can be a part of the predicate of the sentence.Here are some predicative adjectives.e.g.Your daughter is pretty.or I think what he wrote stupid. Following are the occasions of the places where an adjective can be “predicative”.1.Adjectives can be placed after the noun for certain stylistic effects:“The people involved...”(Note that the adjective in this case is in facta participle.Participles are adjectives.)2.Adjectives can be used“substantively”or as the head of a noun phrase.e.g.“Youth is wasted on the young.”It works like a noun(it’s the object of the preposition),but young can also take the intensifier very in front of it,as adjectives can.3.V erbless Adjective Clause.Actually,these are not“verbless,”but rather they are embedded clauses of the type“noun is adjective”where the underlined items have been deleted in the process of embedding.Transformational/generative grammars insist that even attributive adjectives are embedded predications of this sort.。
二外俄语考研上海外国语大学251俄语二外考研真题
二外俄语考研上海外国语大学251俄语二外考研真题一、上海外国语大学俄语二外考研真题及详解I. Напишитеантонимыкследующимсловам.(10%)1．высокий—【答案】низкий~~2．твёрдый—【答案】мягкий~~3．купить—【答案】продать~~4．ответить—【答案】спросить~~5．послать—【答案】получить~~6．забыть—【答案】помнить~~7．далеко—【答案】близко~~8．быстро—【答案】медленно~~9．легко—【答案】трудно~~10．вход—【答案】выход~~II. Переведитесловосочетаниянарусскийязык.(10%) 1．在桥上走【答案】ходитьпомосту~~2．和朋友打招呼【答案】поздороватьсясдрузьями~~3．在工作时间【答案】Врабочеевремя~~4．出国旅游【答案】путешествоватьзаграницу~~5．订阅杂志【答案】Подписатьсянажурналы~~6．随手关门【答案】закрыватьзасобойдверь~~7．经济改革【答案】экономическаяреформа~~8．把杯子放到桌上去【答案】Поставитьстанканнастол~~9．帮父母做家务【答案】помогатьродителямделатьдомашнеехозяйство~~10．在电话中交谈【答案】разговариватьпотелефону~~III. Поставьтесловавскобкахвнужнойформе.(10%) 1．(Я) зовутМарияИвановна.【答案】Меня~~【解析】固定搭配：Когозовут...表示某人叫什么名字。
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案
2000年考研外语考试真题及答案一、Use of English1、If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 【B1】consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 【B2】 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 【B3】the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 【B4】 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 【B5】 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 【B6】 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 【B7】 . He must either sell some of his property or 【B8】 extra funds in the form. of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 【B9】 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 【B10】obtainable.【B1】A．other thanB．as well asC．instead of D．more than 2、【B2】A．only ifB．much asC．long before D．ever since 3、【B3】A.forB.againstC.ofD.towards4、【B4】A．replaceB．purchaseC．supplement D．dispose5、【B5】A．enhanceB．mixC．feedD．raise6、【B6】A．vesselsB．routesC．pathsD．channels7、【B7】A．self-confident B．self-sufficient C．self-satisfied D．self-restrained 8、【B8】A．searchB．saveC．offerD．seek9、【B9】A．proportionB．percentageC．rateD．ratio10、【B10】A．genuinelyB．obviouslyC．presumablyD．frequently11、 As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciate ______ from you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along.A.hearingB.to hearC.to be hearingD.having heard12、 Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, ______ to find it locked.A．justB．onlyC．henceD．thus13、 Doctors see a connection between increased amounts of leisure time spent ______ and the increased number of cases of skin cancer.A.to sunbatheB.to have sunbathedC.having sunbathedD.sunbathing14、 Unless you sign a contract with the insurance company for your goods, you are not entitled ______ a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.A．toB．withC．forD．on15、 On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont ______I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". A．whichB．whereC．whenD．that16、 Christie stared angrily at her boss and turned away, as though ______ out of the office.A.wentB.goneC.to goD.would go17、 The roles expected ______ old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.A.ofB.onC.toD.with18、 Talk to anyone in the drug industry, ______ yon'll soon discover that the science of genetics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.A.orB.andC.forD.so19、 It wasn't so much that I disliked her ______ that I just wasn't interested in the whole business.A．ratherB．soC．thanD．as20、 Countless divorced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divorce, let alone ______ one.A．gettingB．to getC．gottenD．get21、 He spoke so ______ that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.A．bluntlyB．convincinglyC．emphaticallyD．determinedly22、 France's ______ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations. A．assumptionB．consumptionC．presumptionD．resumption23、 The 215-page manuscript, circulated to publishers last October, ______ an outburst of interest.A.flaredB.glitteredC.sparkedD.flashed24、 His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two parties ______.A.came offB.came onC.came roundD.came down25、 The system was redesigned so embrace the network and eventually ______ it in a profitable direction.A.adaptB.controlC.installD.steer26、 The capital intended to broaden the export base and ______ efficiency gains from international trade was channeled in stead of uneconomic import substitution.A.secureB.extendC.defendD.possess27、 It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be ______ at the manager's office.A.declaredB.obtainedC.reclaimedD.recognize28、 When I ______ my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.A．woke upB．took toC．picked upD．came to29、 The American society is ______ an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with the possibility of a worsening environment.A．established onB．affiliated toC．originated fromD．incorporated with30、 I am not ______ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.A．concernedB．compatibleC．considerateD．complied31、 At first, the ______ of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.A．transactionB．transmissionC．transformationD．transition32、 When the committee ______ to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.A.got downB.set aboutC.went offD.came up33、 ______ to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are stilt covered with thick forests.A.OrientationB.AccessC.ProcessionD.Voyage34、 Mr. Smith had an unusual ______: he was first an office clerk, then a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.A.professionB.occupationC.positionD.career35、 The mayor is a woman with great ______ and therefore deserves our political and financial support.A．intentionB．instinctC．integrityD．intensity36、 The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest and ______ to everyone.A.speculationB.attributionC.utilizationD.proposition37、 The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs ______ it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.A．rendersB．reckonsC．regardsD．relates38、 To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly, be ______, and display interest in the job.A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual39、 You don't have to install this radio in your new car; it's an ______ extra.A．excessiveB．optionalC．additionalD．arbitrary40、 We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't ______ to the traffic jam of the busy city.A．aidB．amountC．addD．attribute41、 (Having isolated) on a remote island, (with) little work (to occupy) them, the soldiers suffered from boredom and low (spirits).A.Having isolatedB.withC.to occupyD.spirits42、 If the letter (to be mailed) (was placed) on the writing table an hour ago, it (is) certain (being) there now.A.to be mailedB.was placedC.isD.being43、 The (ruling) party could even lose (its) majority in the lower house of parliament, (started) a period of (prolonged struggling).A.rulingB.itsC.startedD.prolonged struggling44、 The mechanisms (at) work (are manifest) in the tendency for such physical activity (to) utilize the (potential) harmful constituents of the stress response.A.atB.are manifestC.toD.potential45、(In) the long run, however, this hurry (to shed) full-time staff may (be more) harmful (to) industry as it is to the workforce.A.InB.to shedC.be moreD.to46、 See to (it) that you include (in) the examination paper (whatever) questions they didn't know (the answer) last time.A.itB.inC.whateverD.the answer47、 Most newspapers, (while devoting) the major part of (its)space to recent events, usually manage to find (room) on the inside pages for articles (on) some interesting topics.A.while devotingB.itsC.roomD.on48、 One sign (by which) you are making progress in (an art) such as painting or photography is (that) you begin to realize how much (there is) to learn.A.by whichB.an artC.thatD.there is49、 The ideal listener stays both (inside and outside) the music at the moment it is played and (enjoying) it almost (as much as) the composer at the moment he (composes).A.inside and outsideB.enjoyingC.as much asposes50、(Continued) exposure to stress has been linked to (worsened) functioning of the immune system, (leaving) a personmore liable (for) infectionA.ContinuedB.worsenedC.leavingD.for参考答案：【一、Use of English】1~5CABAC6~10DBDCD11~50点击下载查看答案。
上海外国语大学 2016 年硕士研究生入学考试二外英语
上海外国语大学 2016 年硕士研究生入学考试英语二外（自命题）试题（考试时间 180 分钟，满分 100 分，共 11 页）I. Grammar and Vocabulary (30%)Directions: From the four choices given, choose ONE to complete the sentence.Section A: Grammar (15%, @1%)1.In an hour, we can travel to places __________ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. what2.________ men have learned much from the behavior of animals isbarely new.A That B. Those C. What D. Whether3. It is reported that a series of meetings _____ held about the best way to market the new product.A. wasB. wereC. hasD. have4. The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he himself.A. injuredB. had injuredC. would injureD. injure5. ________ for your laziness, you could have finished the assignment by now.A. Had it not beenB. It were notC. Weren’t itD. Had not it been6. Anyone, once ____ positive for H7N9 flu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.A. to be testedB. being testedC. testedD. to test7. Hearing his words, I couldn’t decide _________ or remain.A. whether to go abroadB. if I go abroadC. if to go abroadD. to go abroad8. ----To build a factory is beneficial to the locals, but on the other hand, it will be not environmentally friendly.---- That’s_____ environmental protection organizations disagree.A. whatB. whereC. howD. which第1页共11页9. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used late for his lecture.A. to have studentsB. for students' beingC. for students to beD. to students' being10. I can’t meet you on Sunday. I’ll be ________ occupied.A. alsoB. justC. neverthelessD. otherwise11. They have eaten all the oranges on the table and ____ was left for me.A. noneB. nothingC. no oneD. not anything12. —May I go and play with Dick this afternoon，Mum?—No，you can’t go out________your work is being done.A. beforeB. untilC. asD. the moment13. Let’s not wait any longer, he might not ________ at all.A. turn overB. turn upC. used toD. turn down14. The car _______ halfway for no reason.A. broke offB. broke downC. broke upD. broke out15. Even as a girl, _____ to be her life, and theater audiences were to be her best teachers.A. performing by Melissa wereB.it was known that Melissa’s performances wereC.knowing that Melissa’s performances wereD.Melissa knew that performing wasSection B Vocabulary (15%, @1%)1. The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decrease the crime rate.A. overflowingB. overwhelmingC. prevalentD. premium2.The two most important ________ in making a cake are flour and sugar.A. elementsB. componentsC. ingredientsD. constituents3. Cultural ________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down from one generation to another.A. translationB. transitionC. transmissionD. transaction4. No one knew that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.A. respectiveB. respectableC. respectfulD. realistic5. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of spiders that are alive today will have become ________.A. deterioratedB. degeneratedC. suppressedD. extinct第2页共11页6.In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him of much of his sight.A. relievedB. jeopardizedC. deprivedD. eliminated7. Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.A. originalityB. subjectivityC. generalityD. ambiguity8.My sister is quite ________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A.aggressiveB. enthusiasticC. considerateD. ambitious9.The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ________ details that would be settled later.A. versatileB. trivialC. preliminaryD. alternate10. With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, the European Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—openfor business.A. inspirationB. assimilationC. intuitionD. aspiration11. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ________ of a brilliant career.A. thresholdB. edgeC. porchD. course12. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an________ spur to efficiency and innovation.A. extravagantB. exquisiteC. intermittentD. indispensable13. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction,foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ________ today.A. transientB. commonplaceC. implicitD. elementary14. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A. enrichedB. enlightenedC. cherishedD. chartered15. Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way may lower a person’s blood pressure.A. interactingB. integratingC. migratingD. mergingII. Cloze Test (15%, @1%)Directions: Fill in each blank of the following passage with an appropriate word.Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best 2 such changes. Growing bodies need第3页共11页movement and exercise, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 3 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of newintellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 4 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 5 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 6to plan activities inwhich thereare more winners thanlosers, 7 ,publishing newsletters with many student written book reviews, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of smallclubs can provide 8 opportunities for leadership,aswell as forpracticein successful 9 dynamics. Making friends is extremelyimportant to teenagers, and many shy students need the 10 of somekind of organization with a s upportive adult 11 visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have short attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 12 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling guilty and without letting the otherparticipants 13. This does not mean thatadults must acceptirresponsibility. 14 , they can help students acquire a senseofcommitment by planning for roles that are within their 15 and their attention spans and by shavings clearly stated rules.1. A. thought B. idea C. opinion D. advice2. A. strengthen B. accommodate C. stimulate D. enhance3. A. If B. Although C. Whereas D. Because4. A. assistance B. guidance C. confidence D. tolerance5. A. claimed B. admired C. ignored D. surpassed6. A. improper B. risky C. fair D. wise7.A. in effect B. as a result C. for example D. in a sense8.A. durable B. excessive C. surplus D. multiple9. A. group B. individual C. personnel D. corporation10. A. consent B. insurance C. admission D. security11. A. particularly B. barely C. definitely D. rarely12. A. if only B. now that C. so that D. even if13. A. off B. down C. out D. alone14. A. On the contrary B. On the averageC. On the wholeD. On the other hand15. A. capabilities B. responsibilities C. proficiency D. efficiencyIII. Reading Comprehension (30%, @1.5%)Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question.Passage 1In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor "meltdown". Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U. S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But don't expect them even on U. S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction,an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case when a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York's Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60's. Millstone, completed for $ 101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $ 5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start up, used his power to force New York's public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement: the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant. Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of thousands第5页共11页of homes, sits rusting.1.The author's attitude toward the development of nuclear power is______.A. negativeB.neutralC. positiveD.questioning2.What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A.The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Commission.B.The enormous cost of construction and operation.C.The length of time it takes to make investigations.D.The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.3.It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that______.A.there are not enough safety measures in the U. S. for running new nuclear power plantsB.it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the U.S.C.there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U. S.D.the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the U. S.ernor Mario Cuomo's chief intention in proposing the settlement was to_______.A. stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB. urge the power company to further increase its power supplyC.permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions D.help the power company to solve its financial problems5.The phrase "single out" is closest in meaning to_______.A. delayB. end upC. completeD. separatePassage 2Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.The streams, lakes, meadows, mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature第6页共11页Conservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places”.Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy’s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.Altemose’s family has farme d in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents “The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecti ng with the local community,” Cook said. “The people who live there respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation effort.For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,” please call1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at .6.The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places” is to ________.A. gain support from the local communityB.protect it from irresponsible development C.make it a better home for black bearsD. provide financial security for future generations7.We learn from the passage that ________.A.the population in the Pocono area is growingB.wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidlyC.the security of the Pocono residents is being threatenedD.farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast8. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?A.The setting up of an environmental protection websiteB.Support from organizations like The Nature ConservancyC.Cooperation with the local residents and business leadersD.Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program第7 页共11 页9.What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence” (Line 1, Para. 5)?A. Financial contributions from local business leadersB.Consideration of the interests of the local residentsC. The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the areaD. The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area10.The passage most probably is ________.A.an official documentB.a news storyC.an advertisementD. a research reportPassage 3Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime” work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods.In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced第8页共11页additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.11.Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?A. Women usually worked outside the home for wages.B. Men and women’s roles were easily exchanged in the past.C.Men’s roles at home were more firmly fixed than women’s.D. Men and women’s roles were usually quite separated in the past.12.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?A. The first sentence.B. The second and the third sentences.C. The fourth sentence.D. The last sentence.13. In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture___.A. destroyed the United States.B. transformed some American values.C.was not important in the United States.D.brought people more leisure time with their families.14. It could be inferred from the passage that___.A.men and women will never share the same goals.B.some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles.C.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives.D.more American households are headed by women than ever before.15. The best title for the passage may be ___.A.Results of Feminist Movements.B.New influence in American Life.C.Counterculture and Its consequence.D.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles.Passage 4What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays第9页共11页an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.16. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.17.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?第10 页共11 页A.It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B.It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C.It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D.It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting. 18.According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA.easily believe in unchecked statements.B.easily criticize others' research work.C.always use his imagination in work.D.always use evidence from observation. 19.What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C.Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D.How to become a successful scientist.20. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.IV. Writing (25%):Please write an essay of no less than 150 words on the title of “My View on Independence and Self-reliance”. The following statements are for your reference.1.God helps those who help themselves.2.Everyman is the architect of his own fortune.You are to write in three parts.In the first part, state specifically what your opinion is.In the second part, provide one or two reasons to support your opinion.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, language and organization.第11页共11页。
2000年华东师范大学244二外英语考研真题硕士研究生入学考试试题
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上海外国语大学考研自命题二外英语真题2010年
上海外国语大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试英语（自命题）试题（考试时间180分钟，满分100分，共9页）I.vocabulary and structure(30%)Dircetions:form the four choices given,choose ONE to complete the sentence.Section A:structure(15%,@1%)1.The anthor thanked all those who have helped to make this a better book than it______A.should beB.would have beenC.would beD.would otherwise have been2.He is_____than a busineddman.A.much a scholarB.a scholarC.more a scholarD.as a scholar3.She is one of those women who I am sure,always do____best both in their family and in their profession.A.herB.theirC.one’sD.the4._____the poem is to understad,the professor successfully made it understood by the students.A.As difficultB.Difficult asC.Though difficultD.Difficult5.I____live in Shanghai than in a remote village.A.would ratherB.preferC.like toD.had better6.The manager often has his staff____in the office after work.A.stayingB.to stayC.to be stayingD.stay7.I am now a freshman in university.By the year2015,I____for about two years.A.will workB.will be workingC.will have been workingD.have worked8.”I saw Mary in the library yesterday.”“You____her,she is still in her hometown and hasn’t been back to school yet.”A.can’t have toB.mustn’t have beenC.can’t seeD.mustn’t see9.The student listened carefully_____he might find out where the teacher put emphasis on.A.for fear thatB.in order thatC.in case thatD.provided that10.The photos taken by a digital camera are_____than those taken by a conventional camera.A.much clearerB.more clearerC.much more clearerD.much clear11.____we went swimming.A.Being a hot dayB.The day being outC.It was a hot dayD.To be a hot day12.If he dares not to fight against the cnemy,he is_____.A.not enough of a manB.not enough as a manC.not enough of manD.not a man enough13.TOEFL is a test for students____native langnage is not English.A.whoB.theirC.whichD.whose14.We saw a new film at the cinema._____we had supper at a restaurant.A.then whichB.after whichC.after thatD.in which15.The doctor sent hin to bed,saying he was much______.A.very illB.illC.too illD.ill enoughSection B.Vocabulary(15%,@1%)1.The travelers sought shelter_____the rain and happened to find a roadside inn.A.fromB.byC.forD.with2.The old patient can’t hope to____her cold in a few days.A.get awayB.get offC.get outD.get over3.After much negotiation we have____the tenns of the contract.A.agreedB.agreed onC.agreed toD.agreed with4.The actors have to_____before they appear in front of the strong lights on television.A.make upB.cover upC.paint upD.do up5.In most of the universities_____are required to take more courses than postgraduates.A.pupilsB.undergraduatesC.juniorsD.seniors6.The servant hit the vase with his cibow and it_____to the floor.A.smashedB.brokeC.konckedD.crashed7.My parents____me to come back home for the Christmas break or they would miss me very much.A.convincedB.suggestedC.advisedD.insisted8.The receptionist at the hotel told me that all rooms had been____.A.arrangedB.filled inedD.reserved9.It is_____knowledge in the class that William is the best student in every subject.monB.ordinaryC.normalual10.He spoke clearly and____and we could understand every world he said.A.distinctivelyB.disringuishableC.distinguishedD.distinctly11.Freshmen often find it difficult to____thenselves to new environment.A.adopt Badapt C.fit D.suit12.The manager never take previous working experience into____when he fixes the staff’s saiary.A.accountB.mindC.thoughtD.thinking13.The audience burst into____when the lecturer quoted a humorous story.ughughtersughingughter14.Having failed in the exam,the boy went home in____spirits.A.coldB.lowC.deepD.empty15.Mrs.Henry is so____about her dress that her husband often gets impatient.A.specialB.peculiarC.particularD.especialⅡCloze(20%,@1%)Directions;For each blank in the following passage,there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Read the passage and choose the best answer for each blank.Passage oneWhen I was about twelve.I suddenly developed a great passion__1__writeing poetty.I gave up all other hobbies,such as__2__stamps,and spent all my__3__time readying poetry and writing it. This habit of writing poetry on every possible__4__soon got me into trouble at school.If a lesson did not interest me,I would take out my notebook and atarted writeing poems in class.Of course I did this very__5__,but it was not long before I got caught.One day while I was busy writing a poem during a geography lesson I looked up to find the teacher standing beside me,fuming with anger because I was convinced that I had writen a good poem,so that evening I wrote it out again from memory.Not long after,I read about a poetry contest and I decided to send in my poem. Weeks later,ong after I had given up hope,I get a letter informing me I had won fiest__8__. Everyone at school was very impressed except the geography teacher,who__9__me more carefullythan ever.He was quite__10__that I was not going to write poetry in his lesson.1.A.for B.in C.on D.at2.A.arranging B.collecting C.gathering D.keeping3.A.additional B.extra C.other D.spare4.A.chance B.moment C.occasion D.time5.A.anxiously B.attentively C.eautiously D.silently6.A.calling B.devoting C.attracting D.paying7.A.warning B.notice C.word D.look8.A.position B.prize C.reward D.victory9.A.guarded B.inspected C.observed D.watched10.A.determined B.annoyed C.fixed D.assuredPassage twoTo others and themselves the Brithish have a requtation__11__being conservatiove-out in the__12__political sense,but in the sense of adherence to accepted ideas and unwilligness to question__13__.The reputation comes partly from their history.For900years they have suffered __14__invasion nor revolution nor disastrous defear in war.Their monarchy__15__without serious question.Under its nominal leadership the political arrangements have been__16__ stable that,except for the two interruptions in the seventeenth century,they have been adapted throughout the centuries to__17__chanding needs without violent changes.Britain,in1978,was __18__in managing without a written constitution;some fragmentary definitions of1688still survived.There had been bitter quarrels,social and economic as well as political,but the quarrels had been settled,usually__19__compromise.The__20__continuity had not been broken.11.A.of B.for C.in D.to12.A.limited B.restrieted C.narrow D.broad13.A.it B.them C.him D.her14.A.neither B.eirther C.nor D.both15.A.lives B.survives sts D.stands16.A.as B.very C.too D.so17.A.take B.make C.dentand D.meet18.A.unique B.only C.one D.single19.A.for B.as C.with D.by20.A.under B.lying C.underlying D.undergoingⅢ.Reading comprehension(30%,@2%)Directiong:In this part there are three passages.Each passages is followed by five questions.Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question. Paaage oneThe econimic conditions that necessitate the construction of very high buildings on narrow lots first emerged as a decisive factor in New Yock City.Intensive land use,with the resulting speculative traffic in real estate was itself a consequence of more powerful and pervasive forces. Industrial expansion was the primary factory and in the period following the American Civil Was much of that expansion continned to be concentrated in New England and the Middle Atlantic atates.Financial institutions had long been located mainly in Boston,but the center was rapidly shifting to New York around the time of the War.A new pattern of close interdependence among industries demanded centralization of business administration.The leadership of New York Cityas an occan port,along with its proximity to major attract.once established.has never wanted even today.It is a primary administrative and banking center.The financial resouneces for the high bulidingd were there,the advelopment of safe elevator transportation and the organisztion of construction facilities soon made them a reality.1.Which of the following would be title for the passage?A.New Patterns of Transportation in the Middle Atlantic States.B.Buying Real Estate for Speculation in New English。
上海外国语研究生考试真题2001——03
上海外国语大学2001年攻读硕士学位研究生考试英语语言文学专业翻译试卷（三小时完成）1．Translate the following into English(50%)（注意“.”是代表“顿号”）（1）中国是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。
中国各族人民共同创造了光辉灿烂的文化，具有光荣的革命传统。
（2）一八四零年以后，封建的中国逐渐变成半殖民地.半封建的国家。
中国人民为国家独立.民族解放和民族自由进行了前扑后继的英勇奋斗。
（3）二十世纪，中国发生了翻天覆地的伟大历史变革。
（4）一九一一年孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，废除了封建帝制，创立了中华民国。
但是，中国人民反对帝国主义和封建主义的历史任务还没有完成。
（5）一九四九年，以毛泽东主席为领袖的中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在经历了长期的艰难曲折的武装斗争和其他形式的斗争以后，终于推倒了帝国主义.封建主义和官僚资本主义的统治，取得了新民主主义革命的伟大胜利，建立了中华人民共和国。
从此，中国人民掌握了国家的权利，成为国家的主人。
（6）中华人民共和国成立以后，我国社会逐步实现了由新民主主义到社会主义的过渡。
生产资料私有制的社会主义改造已经完成，人剥削人的制度已经消失，社会主义制度已经确立。
工人阶级领导的.以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政，实质上即无产阶级专政，得到巩固和发展。
中国人民和中国人民解放军战胜了帝国主义.霸权主义的侵略.破坏和武装挑衅，维护了国家的独立和安全，增强了国防。
经济建设取得了重大的成就，独立的.比较完善的社会主义工业体系已经基本形成，农业生产显著提高。
教育.科学.文化等事业有了很大的发展，社会主义思想教育取得了明显的成就。
广大人民的生活有了较大的改善。
（7）中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，都是中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义.毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。
今后国家的根本任务是集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。
(NEW)上海外国语大学英语学院624英语综合(知识与技能)历年考研真题汇编(含部分答案)
1991年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识 与技能）考研真题（含答案）
(D) homely… thrift (E) quaint…wantonness
portion. Select the alternative you consider correct and most effective according to the requirements of standard written English. Answer A is the same as the original version; if you think the original version is best, select answer A.
(E) not only violated the law, but has escaped punishment ( ) 5. Ideally, the fan should be placed in a different room than the one you want to cool. (A) the fan should be placed in a different room than
2009年上海外国语大学4英语综合（知识 与技能）考研真题（回忆版）
2008年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识 与技能）考研真题
2007年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识 与技能）考研真题
2006年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识 与技能）考研真题
目 录
2009年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识与技能）考研真题（回忆 版）
2008年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识与技能）考研真题 2007年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识与技能）考研真题 2006年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识与技能）考研真题 2005年上海外国语大学624英语综合（知识与技能）考研真题（含答 案）