英国文学史—乔叟
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❖ 乔叟年轻时曾将法国不朽的爱情诗《玫瑰传奇》的一部 分译成英语。他创作的第一部作品是《公爵夫人的书》。 《特罗伊拉斯和克莱西德》基于薄伽丘的一篇故事，显 示出乔叟真正伟大的诗才。他最后的也是最长、最著名 的作品是《坎特伯雷故事集》。他的作品在英国诗坛上 一直称雄到莎士比亚时代。
Some of chaucer’s line
❖ Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales
❖ 内容简介
❖ The procession that crosses Chaucer's pages is as full of life and as richly textured as a medieval tapestry.The Knight,the Miller,the Friar,the Squire,the Prioress,the Wife of Bath,and others who make up the cast of characters-including Chaucer himself-are real people,with human emotions and weaknesses.When it is remebered that Chaucer wrote in English at a time when Latin was the standard literary language across western Europe,the magnitude of his achievement is even more remarkable.But Chaucer's genius needs no historical introduction;it bursts forth from every page of The Canterbury Tales.
❖ 乔叟的时代正处在英国从封建社会向资本主义 社会转型的过程中，他的人生和他的诗歌都折 射出那个时代的风云变幻。乔叟在诗作中一改 歌颂赞美神明和君主的传统，大胆将眼光瞄向 社会的各个阶层，在他犀利而不失优雅的笔下， 14世纪英国社会百态具现，特别是新兴市民阶 级那种充满生气的形象与心声跃然纸上，从而 创作出雅俗共赏、充满人性化的文学形象，乔 叟也成为引领文艺复兴（renaissance ）文坛的 时尚先驱（forerunner），
• Ful wel she sange the service devine, Entuned in hire nose ful swetely; And Frenche she spake ful fayre and fetisly, After the scole of Stratford atte bowe, For Frenche of Paris was to hire unknowe.
❖ 诗人影响
乔叟那个时代还没有印刷的书籍问世，英国各地之间又 很少接触，因此各地区所说的英语之间差别颇大。再者， 当时宫廷语言是法语，学术语言是拉丁语。乔叟是第一 位使用英语创作的宫廷作家。他居住在伦敦，使用的自 然是英国中部各郡的英语，而不是英国北部或南部方言。 他的作品对现代英语的形成做出了巨大贡献。
CriseHale Waihona Puke Baidude)。
The Riverside Chaucer
❖ Published by Houghton Mifflin Company, Feb 1987 The Chaucerians' "Bible," the authoritative text of all Chaucer's works with glossaries, notes, as well as sources and analogues. This is a must for the serious student and scholar.
Brief introduction of Chaucer
❖ Geoffrey Chaucer，considered by many to be both the father of modern English poetry and the father of the modern English novel ,also distinguished himself in his lifetime as a civil servant and diplomat under three kings of England.When he was taken prisoner by the French,the King himself contributed to his ransom(赎 金).When,in later years,the King wished to reward Chaucer for his services to the crown,he was granted-among other favorsthe right to demand a daily jug of wine from the pantry of the royal butler.Toward the end of his career,he became a knight of the shire for Kent（骑士肯特）.
❖ 创作生涯 乔叟的诗歌创作分为三个时期：
①法国影响时期（1359～1372）：主要翻译并仿效法国 诗人的作品，创作了《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess) ，用伦敦方言翻译了法国中世纪长篇叙事诗 《玫瑰传奇》(Rose Legend)等。
②意大利影响时期（1372～1386）：诗人接触了资产阶 级(Bourgeoisie )人文主义的进步思想。这一时期的创 作如《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、 《特洛伊罗 斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and Criseyde) 、 《贤妇传说》 ( The Legend of Good Women) ，反映了作者面向生活现实 的创作态度和人文主义观点。
• ----- Canterbury Tales. Prologue. Line 122.
• And smale foules maken melodie, That slepen alle night with open eye, So priketh hem nature in hir corages; Than longen folk to gon on pilgrimages.
❖ 中文名：杰弗雷·乔叟 ❖ 出生地：英国伦敦
❖ 出生日期：1343年 ❖ 逝世日期：1400年 ❖ 职业：诗人
❖ 代表作品：《坎特伯 雷故事集》;《公爵夫 人之书》;《声誉之宫》
Introduction of his works
❖ His works include: ❖ 《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales） ❖ 《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess)、 ❖ 《声誉之宫》(The House of Fame)、 ❖ 《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、 ❖ 《贤妇传说》(The Legend of Good Women) ❖ 《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and
③成熟时期Maturation period （1386～1400）：乔叟在 这最后15年里从事《坎特伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales）的创作。无论在内容和技巧上都达到他创作的顶 峰。他首创的英雄双韵体为以后的英国诗人所广泛采用， 被誉为“英国诗歌之父”
❖ Chaucer's time is during the reforming process of Britain from the feudal society to the capitalist society, his life and his poetry reflect constantly changing of that time. As soon as Chaucer changes the tradition of the style in the poetic composition to praise the gods and crowned head, looks boldly at the judgment to society's each social stratum, sharp does not lose the graceful writing in him, the 14th century Britain society hundred condition presently, specially emerging residential social class that kind of spry image and the aspiration appears gloriously on the paper, thus created appeals to both cultured and popular tastes, the human nature literary figure, Chaucer also became the fashionable pioneer who eagerly anticipated the Renaissance literary arena,
• ----Canterbury Tales. Prologue. Line 9
The Canterbury Tales
❖ (Penguin Classics) "Rendered here with consummate skill and sensitivity into modern English verse by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales (which Geoffrey Chaucer began in 1386 and never completed) retain all their vigour, their humour and indeed their poetry." —Penguin Books.
❖ Pocket Books' Enriched Classics present the great works of world literature enhanced for the contemporary reader. This edition of Great Tales And Poems Of Edgar Allan Poe contains the original Pocket Books introduction, first published in 1951, along with an updated selection of critical excerpts, and suggestions for further readings.
Some of chaucer’s line
❖ Geoffrey Chaucer The Canterbury Tales
❖ 内容简介
❖ The procession that crosses Chaucer's pages is as full of life and as richly textured as a medieval tapestry.The Knight,the Miller,the Friar,the Squire,the Prioress,the Wife of Bath,and others who make up the cast of characters-including Chaucer himself-are real people,with human emotions and weaknesses.When it is remebered that Chaucer wrote in English at a time when Latin was the standard literary language across western Europe,the magnitude of his achievement is even more remarkable.But Chaucer's genius needs no historical introduction;it bursts forth from every page of The Canterbury Tales.
❖ 乔叟的时代正处在英国从封建社会向资本主义 社会转型的过程中，他的人生和他的诗歌都折 射出那个时代的风云变幻。乔叟在诗作中一改 歌颂赞美神明和君主的传统，大胆将眼光瞄向 社会的各个阶层，在他犀利而不失优雅的笔下， 14世纪英国社会百态具现，特别是新兴市民阶 级那种充满生气的形象与心声跃然纸上，从而 创作出雅俗共赏、充满人性化的文学形象，乔 叟也成为引领文艺复兴（renaissance ）文坛的 时尚先驱（forerunner），
• Ful wel she sange the service devine, Entuned in hire nose ful swetely; And Frenche she spake ful fayre and fetisly, After the scole of Stratford atte bowe, For Frenche of Paris was to hire unknowe.
❖ 诗人影响
乔叟那个时代还没有印刷的书籍问世，英国各地之间又 很少接触，因此各地区所说的英语之间差别颇大。再者， 当时宫廷语言是法语，学术语言是拉丁语。乔叟是第一 位使用英语创作的宫廷作家。他居住在伦敦，使用的自 然是英国中部各郡的英语，而不是英国北部或南部方言。 他的作品对现代英语的形成做出了巨大贡献。
CriseHale Waihona Puke Baidude)。
The Riverside Chaucer
❖ Published by Houghton Mifflin Company, Feb 1987 The Chaucerians' "Bible," the authoritative text of all Chaucer's works with glossaries, notes, as well as sources and analogues. This is a must for the serious student and scholar.
Brief introduction of Chaucer
❖ Geoffrey Chaucer，considered by many to be both the father of modern English poetry and the father of the modern English novel ,also distinguished himself in his lifetime as a civil servant and diplomat under three kings of England.When he was taken prisoner by the French,the King himself contributed to his ransom(赎 金).When,in later years,the King wished to reward Chaucer for his services to the crown,he was granted-among other favorsthe right to demand a daily jug of wine from the pantry of the royal butler.Toward the end of his career,he became a knight of the shire for Kent（骑士肯特）.
❖ 创作生涯 乔叟的诗歌创作分为三个时期：
①法国影响时期（1359～1372）：主要翻译并仿效法国 诗人的作品，创作了《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess) ，用伦敦方言翻译了法国中世纪长篇叙事诗 《玫瑰传奇》(Rose Legend)等。
②意大利影响时期（1372～1386）：诗人接触了资产阶 级(Bourgeoisie )人文主义的进步思想。这一时期的创 作如《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、 《特洛伊罗 斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and Criseyde) 、 《贤妇传说》 ( The Legend of Good Women) ，反映了作者面向生活现实 的创作态度和人文主义观点。
• ----- Canterbury Tales. Prologue. Line 122.
• And smale foules maken melodie, That slepen alle night with open eye, So priketh hem nature in hir corages; Than longen folk to gon on pilgrimages.
❖ 中文名：杰弗雷·乔叟 ❖ 出生地：英国伦敦
❖ 出生日期：1343年 ❖ 逝世日期：1400年 ❖ 职业：诗人
❖ 代表作品：《坎特伯 雷故事集》;《公爵夫 人之书》;《声誉之宫》
Introduction of his works
❖ His works include: ❖ 《坎特伯雷故事集》（The Canterbury Tales） ❖ 《公爵夫人之书》(Book of the Duchess)、 ❖ 《声誉之宫》(The House of Fame)、 ❖ 《百鸟会议》(The Parliament of Fowles)、 ❖ 《贤妇传说》(The Legend of Good Women) ❖ 《特洛伊罗斯与克丽西达》(Troilus and
③成熟时期Maturation period （1386～1400）：乔叟在 这最后15年里从事《坎特伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales）的创作。无论在内容和技巧上都达到他创作的顶 峰。他首创的英雄双韵体为以后的英国诗人所广泛采用， 被誉为“英国诗歌之父”
❖ Chaucer's time is during the reforming process of Britain from the feudal society to the capitalist society, his life and his poetry reflect constantly changing of that time. As soon as Chaucer changes the tradition of the style in the poetic composition to praise the gods and crowned head, looks boldly at the judgment to society's each social stratum, sharp does not lose the graceful writing in him, the 14th century Britain society hundred condition presently, specially emerging residential social class that kind of spry image and the aspiration appears gloriously on the paper, thus created appeals to both cultured and popular tastes, the human nature literary figure, Chaucer also became the fashionable pioneer who eagerly anticipated the Renaissance literary arena,
• ----Canterbury Tales. Prologue. Line 9
The Canterbury Tales
❖ (Penguin Classics) "Rendered here with consummate skill and sensitivity into modern English verse by Nevill Coghill, The Canterbury Tales (which Geoffrey Chaucer began in 1386 and never completed) retain all their vigour, their humour and indeed their poetry." —Penguin Books.
❖ Pocket Books' Enriched Classics present the great works of world literature enhanced for the contemporary reader. This edition of Great Tales And Poems Of Edgar Allan Poe contains the original Pocket Books introduction, first published in 1951, along with an updated selection of critical excerpts, and suggestions for further readings.