研究生英语翻译
研究生英语1—9单元课文+翻译
Unit 1Ghosts for Tea' Ten pence for a view over the bay' . said the old man with the telescope.'Lovely clear morning. Have a look at the old lighthouse and the remains of the great shipwreck of 1935.'Ten pence was sheer robbery, but the view was certainly magnificent.Cliffs stretched into the distance, sparkling waves whipped by the wind were unrolling on to the beach,and a few yachts,with creamy-white sails, were curving and dodging gracefully on the sea . Just below,a flock of seagulls were screaming at one another as they twisted and glided over the water. A mile out to sea, the old lighthouse stood on a stone platform on the rocks, which were being greedily licked by the waves. In no way indeed did I grudge my money. As I directed the telescope towards the lighthouse, the man beside me tapped my wrist.' Have you heard about the terrible tragedy that occurred there in that lighthouse?' he asked in a hushed whisper.'I imagine there may be plenty of legends attached to such a dramatic-looking place' , I suggested.'It's no legend' , declared the old man. 'My father knew the two men involved.lt all took place fifty years ago to-day. Let me tell you.His voice seemed to grow deeper and more dramatic.'For a whole week that lighthouse had been isolated by storms' , he began, 'with terrifying seas surging and crashing over the rocks. People on shore were anxious about the two men working there. They'd been on the best of terms until two or three weeks before, when they had quarrelled over cards in the village inn. Martin had accused Blake of cheating. Blake had vowed to avenge the insult to his honour. But thanks to the wise advice of a man they both respected, they apologised to each other, and soon seemed to have got over their disagreement. But some slight resentment and bitterness remained. and it was feared that the strain of continued isolation and rough weather might affect their nerves, though, needless to say, their friends had no idea how serious the consequences would be.'Fifty years ago to-night,no light appeared in the tower, and only at two o'clock in the morning did the beam suddenly start to flash out its warning again.'The next morning the light was still visible. The storm had almost blown itself out, so a relief boat set out to investigate. A grim discovery awaited the crew . The men's living-room was in a horrifying state. The table was over-turned: a pack of playing cards was scattered everywhere: bloodstains splashed the floor. The relief men climbed the winding stair to the lantern room and there discoveredMartin's body, crouched beside the burning lamp. He had been stabbed and was dead. Two days later, Blake's body was washed up. scratched, bruised, and terribly injured.' Only then could we really start guessing what had happened. This great tragedy could only have been due to a renewal of their quarrel. Bored and depressed as a result of their isolation, Martin and Blake must have started to play cards. Again suspecting cheating, Martin had accused his former friend of dishonesty; a fight had broken out and Blake had seized his knife. In a fit of madness he had attacked his companion, who had fallen mortally wounded. Then, appalled by what he had done, the loneliness, the battering of wind and waves, Blake had rushed to the parapet and flung himself on to the rocks below, where the sea had claimed him.'But Martin was still alive. Hours later, after darkness had fallen, he had recovered consciousness. He remembered his job of lighting the lamp; suffering intense pain, the poor wretch crawled slowly up the winding staircase, dragging himself from step to step till he got to the lantern. At his last ' gasp he managed to light this before finally collapsing.'For years afterwards it was said that the lighthouse was haunted, and, owing to these stories, they didn't have any applicants for the job of lighthouse-keeper from among the superstitious local inhabitants. And now they say that on every anniversary of that day, especially when the sea is rough, you can stand in the living-room, hear the cards failing and the sound of angry cries, see the flash of a blade,and then glimpse a figure rushing to the parapet. And then you hear the slow dragging of a body from step to step towards the room above.'The old man paused and I turned to go.'By the way' , he added, 'have you any free time this afternoon? If so, why don't you have teain the lighthouse? We are putting on a special boat trip to-day. We're charging a pound. And my brother, who bought the old lighthouse when they built the new one just on the point, can serve very good teas there - included in the price of the boat trip - a bargain, considering the problem of obtaining the food. And if you are at all sensitive to the supernatural, you're likely to have an unusual, perhaps an uncanny experience there.I eyed him appreciatively. 'You're wasting your talents' , I said. 'You should have been a fiction writer. ''You don't believe it? exclaimed the old man indignantly.'I'd find it a job,' I answered. ' My father, Henry Cox, started as keeper of that lighthouse fifty- two years ago, and he and Jim Dowley, now retired on a pension, were in charge for ten years. Come and see my dad one day with that tale; he'd enjoy it' .But the old man had already turned his attention to a more likely client.Google翻译:“10便士比湾景”。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 7
The Healing power of BeliefFor the past two years,I have been studying cancer survivors at UGLA,trying to find out why it is that some people respond much better to their treatment than do others.At first I though that some patients did well because their illnesses were not as severe as the illnesses of others.On closer scrutiny,however,I discovered that severity of the illness was only one of a number of factors that accounted for the difference between those who get well and those who don’t .The patients i am talking about here received upon diagnosis whatever therapy medication,radiation,surgery-their individual cases demanded.Yet the response to such treatments was hardly uniform.Some patients fared much better in their therapies than others.在过去的两年里,我一直在UGLA研究癌症幸存者,试图发现为什么对有些人治疗产生的效果会比其他人好。
以开始我认为一些人治疗效果好是因为他们的疾病没有别人眼中。
研究生英语翻译(带题目)
1.大多数自然资源保护主义者认为,在良好的生态环境中人类最易兴旺发达,而各种野生动物的生存则是这种良好生态环境的标志。
(conservationist,survival)Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.2. 史密斯先生出示了大量的证据来表明:在某种程度上,如果我们破坏大自然,那就是毁灭我们自己。
(diminish,to some extent)Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if we diminish nature.3. 西方各国的许多城市已经转换到使用新的可减少污染含量的汽油,我们中国有些城市也已经开始这样做了。
(be true of)Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.4. 正如英国诗人埃德蒙·斯宾塞在一首诗里面描写的那样,大自然不仅是位母亲,而且是位法官,管辖并公正的对待人类和所有的生物。
(jurisdiction,do justice to)As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not onlya mother but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures5. 政府的一项调查研究得出的结论是:除了过分拥挤和公共交通很差外,该市面临的最大问题是噪音和污染。
研究生英语系列教材下unit3 原文+翻译
Unit3 Oslp1.I remember on my first trip to Europe going alone to a movie in Copenhagen. In Denmark you are given a ticket for an assigned seat. I went into the cinema and discovered that my ticket directed me to sit beside the only other people in the place,a young couple locked in the sort of passionate embrace associated with dockside reunions at the end of long wars. I could no more have sat beside them than I could have asked to join in-it would have come to much the same thing- so I took a place a few discreet seats away.1记得我第一次去欧洲旅行的时候,我在哥本哈根独自一人去看电影。
在丹麦,电影票是对号入座的。
(此文来自袁勇兵博客)我走进电影院,发现在我的票对应的座位旁,只有一对年轻情侣。
这对情侣如胶似漆地拥抱在一起,如同一场持久战争结束后码头上亲人的团聚。
我很不情愿坐在他们旁边,就如我绝不会要求加入他们的行为一样——这两者对我来说并没有什么不同——因此我谨慎地隔几个座位坐了下来。
2. People came into the cinema, consulted their tickets and filled the seats around us. By the time the film started there were about 30 of us sitting together in a tight pack in the middle of a vast and otherwise empty auditorium. Two minutes into the movie, a woman laden with shopping made her way with difficulty down my row, stopped beside my seat and told me in a stern voice, full of glottal stops and indignation, that I was in her place. This caused much play of flashlights among the usherettes and fretful re-examining of tickets by everyone in the vicinity until word got around that I was an American tourist and therefore unable to follow simple seating instructions and. I was escorted in some shame back to my assigned place.2人们陆续地走进影院,参照电影票找到位子,在我们周围坐了下来。
研究生英语考试英译汉翻译参考
1、It takes persistence to succeed.Attitude also matters.成功需要毅力。
态度也很重要。
I have never thought I was better than anyone else, but I have always believed Icouldn`t be outworked.我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强,但我一直相信我当时干的活儿别人都赶不上。
2、As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Netmarket forward , resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world`s largest emerging market.当网络化高速地推动经济的时候,经济也反过来促进网络市场的发展。
其结果是国际互联网本身将成为全球最大的新兴市场。
Of course , this is just the beginning .当然这还仅仅是个开始。
Although there are many companies , which made huge profits investing in the Internet market, they tend to be small companies , like Yahoo ( at that time ).尽管在国际互联网市场上投资的许多公司都赚了大钱,但它们通常是一些小公司,如雅虎之类。
3、Sustainable management is seen as a practical and economical way of protectingspecies from extinction.人们把可持续管理视为一种保护物种使之免于绝迹的实用而又经济的办法。
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译
研究生英语综合教程下册1-5课文及翻译Unit 1 The Hidden Side of Happiness3 This and other promising findings about the life-changing effects of crises are the province of the new science of post-traumatic growth. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: What doesn't kill you can actually make you stronger. Post-traumatic stress is far from the only possible outcome. In the wake of even the most terrifying experiences, only a small proportion of adults become chronically troubled. More commonly, people rebound-or even eventually thrive.诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现有着可观的研究前景,这正是创伤后成长这一新学科的研究领域。
这一新兴领域已经证实了曾经被视为陈词滥调的一个真理:大难不死,意志弥坚。
创伤后压力绝不是唯一可能的结果。
在遭遇了即使最可怕的经历之后,也只有一小部分成年人会受到长期的心理折磨。
更常见的情况是,人们会恢复过来—甚至最终会成功发达。
Unit2 Commercialization and Changes in Sportsmercialization has not had a dramatic effect on the format and goals of most sports. In spite of the influence of spectators, what has occurred historically is that sports have maintained their basic format. Innovations have been made within this framework, rather than completely dismantling the design of a game. For example, the commercialization of the Olympic Games has led to minor rule changes in certain events, but the basic structure of each Olympic sport has remained much the same as it was before the days of corporate endorsements and the sale of television rights. 商业化对于大多数体育运动的结构和目标没有太大的影响。
研究生公共英语(下)课本翻译
Unit 1: Science vs. the Humanities科学是一门知识,是解决工业、农业、战争和医疗方面技术问题的非常有用的工具。
要了解科学在于解决个人和国家面临的物质和精神方面可以达到什么广度和深度,就必须了解科学的真实含义是什么。
科学一词来自拉丁语Scire,它的意思是“知道”。
所以,从广义上讲,科学不过是指我们所知道的事情,是人类知识的总和。
但是,把科学定义为人类的全部知识是不切实际的,因为很明显,有各种不同门类的知识。
这些知识根据其获得的方法以及它所适合的经验范围而有所不同。
我们所了解的有关艺术、文学、法律、宗教和专门技术知识等都不同程度地分属于各种独立的知识财富,与我们通常所说的科学没有什么联系。
Science is a kind of knowledge which is a very useful tool in solving the technical problems of industry, agriculture, warfare, and medicine. To understand the width and depth to which science can be applied to the material and spiritual problems that confront individuals and nations requires an understanding of what science really is.The word science comes to us from a Latin word, Scire, which means “to know”. Then, in a broad sense, science is simply what we know, the total of all human knowledge. But the definition of science as all human knowledge would not be a workable one, for it is obvious that there are different types of knowledge. The kinds differ according to how the knowledge was obtained, and also according to what frame of experience it fits. What we know of the arts, literature, law, religion, and technical know-how, are more or less separate funds of knowledge. They have little to do with what we commonly call science.Unit5: The Science of Custom对人类学家来说,文化的涵义远胜于修养、品味、温文尔雅、教育以及美术欣赏等。
研究生综合英语(下)课文翻译与原文
研究生英语综合教程(下)系列教材翻译参考译文Unit1Pleasure only gets you so far.A rich,rewarding life often requires a messy battle with adversity.愉悦舒适不能指引你领略人生的全部,与逆境的艰苦搏斗常常会使人生变得丰富而有意义The Hidden Side of Happiness幸福隐藏的另一面Hurricanes,house fires,cancer,whitewater rafting accidents,plane crashes,vicious attacks in dark alleyways.Nobody asks for any of it.But to their surprise,many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.Their refrain might go something like this:"I wish it hadn't happened,but I'm a better person for it."1、飓风、房屋失火、癌症、激流飘筏失事、坠机、黄昏小巷遭歹徒袭击,没人想找到这些但出人意料的是,很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
他们可能都会这样说:“希望这事没发生,但因为它我变得更完美了。
”We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations,perhaps because they testify to a bona fide psychological truth,one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster:There is a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.Positive reactions to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact,roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have in some ways improved.2、我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事,可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正心理学上的真理,这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中:在最困难的境况中,人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会迸发出来。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 9
Pollution is a dirty wordThe earth is our home.we must take care of it,for ourselves and for the next generation.This means preserving the quality of our environment.地球是我们的家,为了我们和我们的下一代我们必须保护她。
这意味着我们要保护我们环境的质量。
The importance of this task is stressed by scientists who study the relation of man to nature.These scientists are called ecologists,from the Greek word oikos,which means home.Ecologists are responsible for keeping the land,air and water clean.”How are we doing?”an ecologist was asked recently.”Lousy,the scientist said,sniffing the fume-laden air.”We’re got to do a better job-and soon-or it will be too late.”研究人与自然关系的科学家强调了这个任务的重要性。
这些科学家被称为生态学家,这个词源于希腊语oikos,意思是家。
生物学家对保护土地、空气和水源的洁净负有责任。
一个生物学家最近被问到:“我们做的怎么样?”他嗅着满是烟雾的空气回答说:“很差劲,我们必须要做的更好,否则很快就会太迟了。
”Consume,consume,consume!Our society is consumer oriented-dangerously so.To keep the wheels of industry turning,we manufacture consumer goods in endless quantities,and ,in the process,are rapidly exhausting our natural resources.But this is only half the problem.What do we do with manufactured products when they are worn out?They must be disposed of,but how and where?Unsightly junk-yards full of rusting automoniles already surround every city in the nation.Americans throw away 80 billion bottles and cans each year,enough to build more than ten stacks to the moon.There isn’t room for much more waste and yet the factories grind on.They cannot stop because every one wants a job.Our standard of living,one of the highest in the world,required the consumption of manufactured products in ever-increasing amounts.Man,about to be buried in his own waste,is caught in a vicious cycle.”Stop the world ,I want to get off.”is the way a popular song put man’s dilemma.消费,消费,消费!我们的社会是以消费者为中心的,而这是非常危险的。
研究生英语教程课后翻译
研究生英语教程课后翻译1.没有调查,就没有发言权He who makes no investigation has no right to speak.2.努力实现和平统一We should strive for the peaceful reunification of the motherland.3.把钟拆开比把它再装起来容易It is easier to take a clock apart than to put it together.4.你三个星期之内完成这项设计不容易It was not easy for you to finish the design in three weeks.5.交翻译之前,必须读几遍,看看有没有要修改的地方Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected.6.他越是要掩盖她的烂疮疤,就越是会暴露The more he tried to hide his warts,the more he revealed them.7.你干嘛不去问他Why don’t you go and ask him about it?8.最好把毛衣穿上,外面相当冷You should better put on your sweater ,for it’s quite cold outside.9.不努力,不会成功One will not succeed unless one works hard10.什么事也不要落在别人后面No matter what you do,you should not lag behind anyone11.我们必须要培养分析问题、解决问题的能力We must cultivate the ability to analyze and solve problems.12.你要母鸡多生蛋,又不它米吃;要马儿跑得快,又要马儿不吃草。
研究生英语课文翻译
研究生英语课文翻译Unit one Passage A推进绿色革命――造纸业和气候变化技术和环境一直无法兼得。
一些环保人士仇视技术发展。
大多数环境政策聚焦于价格、能耗和针对太阳能和风能的补贴。
但是,太阳能和风能现在并非前沿技术。
能够列入榜单的重大技术突破寥寥无几。
前途最为光明的技术突破之一是碳捕获和碳存储,它可以中和化石燃料燃烧时所释放出来的二氧化碳。
挪威的蒙斯塔德原本正在建设一个碳捕获和碳存储的大型项目――但是挪威政府却突然叫停了该项目。
鉴于此,我们更有理由带着兴趣――和些许怀疑――来审视欧洲纸浆造纸企业为削减二氧化碳排放量在技术革新方面所做出的努力了。
本周,这些企业宣布了一些富有创意的理念。
如果这些理念被整个造纸行业所采纳,那么到2050年,造纸业的能源消耗将可以降低四分之一,其二氧化碳排放量将可以减少一半还多。
这些理念将会检验各个公司发展的技术可以从多大程度上减缓全球变暖。
纸浆造纸业是一个能源消耗大项――从能耗角度来看,它是全球第五大工业用户。
根据智囊机构世界资源研究所(World Resources Institute)的数据,这一行业在2021年的全球二氧化碳排放量大约为5亿吨。
但是,欧洲的造纸企业相对比较环保:贸易协会欧洲纸业联盟(Confederation of European Paper Industries)表示,该联盟的成员企业在2021年的二氧化碳排放量大约为4600万吨。
缺乏监管的纸浆作坊也制造了大量令人恶心的垃圾。
位于俄罗斯贝加尔湖沿岸的一个小作坊多年以来一直向这个世界上最大的淡水湖排放漂白剂。
面临着大幅削减二氧化碳排放量的要求,欧洲纸业联盟决定尝试技术改革,以观其能否带来大幅改善。
该联盟成立了两个由科学家和商业人士组成的专门小组,每个小组都由一位前CEO来领导(分别是欧洲第四大造纸企业Smurfit Kappa和第五大造纸企业Mondi的前CEO)。
两个小组建立了一个常识资料库,原因是这一理念在于检验创造性想法,而不是专利信息。
研究生英语综合原文及翻译Unit Two中国食物
Unit Two中餐被公认为全球最佳美食之一,其种类之丰富,工艺之繁复,使其理所当然地成为游客大快朵颐的乐事之一。
中国美食1中国美食是中国文化一道绚烂的风景线,这点从世界各地随处可见的中餐馆可以窥见。
当今,烹饪业正以前所未有的速度在发展。
10年前,北京只有几千家餐馆,而今天却有10万多家大小不等的餐馆遍布市内。
1 Chinese cuisine is a brilliant facet of Chinese culture, which is proven by the fact that Chinese restaurants are found scattered everywhere throughout the world. Today, the culinary industry is developing even more rapidly than before. A decade ago, Beijing had a few thousand restaurants, while today there are over 100,000 restaurants of different sizes in the city.2地方美食众所周知,明朝以来出现了八大菜系,分别是山东菜、四川菜、广东菜、福建菜、江苏菜、浙江菜、湖南菜和安徽菜。
除了这些传统菜系,中国的烹饪业也经历了巨大的变化:每个地方都形成了自己的特色菜,不同菜系汇集于诸如北京这样的大城市。
2 Regional Chinese CuisinesIt is widely acknowledged that from the Ming (1368-1644) dynasties onwards, there are eight major schools of Chinese based op regional cooking. They came from Shandong, Sichuan, Guang dong, Fujian, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, and Anhui provinces. In addition to these traditional cuisi nes, the culinary industry in China has undergone great changes, as almost every place has its own local specialties, and as the different cuisines gather together in big cities, such as Beijing.3被誉为“天府之国”的四川也是个美食之都。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 8
Is a race of robots possibleA good many technical people become irate when you call a computer a giant brain.They insist that a computer does only what thinking humans have planned to have it do.如果你称一个计算机为“超级大脑”,有很多技术人员会非常生气。
他们坚持认为电脑仅仅会做思考的人们计划让他们做的事情。
Yet one authority states categorically,”A machine can handle information;it can calculate,conclude,and choose;it can perform reasonable operations with information.A machine,therefore,can think.”Famed mathematician Norbert Wiener,of MIT,envisions a machine that can learn and will “in not way be obliged to make such decisions as we should have made,or will be acceptable to us.”Evidently,he thinks machines can think.但一个官方直截了当地表示“一台机器可以处理信息,它可以计算,总结以及选择,它可以用信息进行合理的运算。
因此机器可以思考。
”著名的数学家,麻省理工学院的Norbert Wiener 假象一个机器可以学习,并且“绝不会被迫做出本应由我们做出的或者我们愿意接受的决定”。
很显然,他认为机器可以思考。
研究生英语系列教材上unit1 原文+翻译
TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS核心员工的特征What exactly is a key play?核心员工究竟是什么样子的?A “Key Player” is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted.几乎每次进行调查时,我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。
I asked a client — a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me.我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理,给我解释一下。
“Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工,在某个专业领域,你可以指望他们把活儿干好。
On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said.在我的小组中,有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家,其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的,”他说,“Key players are essential to my organization.“他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。
And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just:当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候,我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人:the staff that another manager will not want to see leave.其他公司经理不想失去的员工。
研究生英语课文翻译
Unit 8 The Business World as Hunting GroundIII. VocabularyA1. come by2. zenith3. obliterate4. in the nick of time5. falsifying6. slips of the tongue7. perseverance8. bracket9.on the watch10.marking timeB1. demotion2.humiliation3.retiring4.cold-bloodedly5.transparent6. becomingly7.spurred8.prestige9.preferred 10.pityC1. D2. C3. B4. A5. A6. A7. B8. C9. D 10. BIV. Cloze1. avoided2. brought3. job4. guilt5. insisting6. adventure7. away8. inside9. staffed 10. being11. drive 12. unjust 13. reformers 14. therefore 15. What16. back 17. emancipation 18. because 19. it 20. whenV. TranslationA.工作对于男人来说,生死攸关。
通常说来,他踏入社会的最初几年具有决定意义。
任何男人到了25岁如果在人生道路上尚未取得显赫的成就,那无论怎么说,都可被视为无药可救了。
在这个阶段,他的各种能力都正在发展,他与竞争对手的争斗是一种殊死搏斗。
在工作友情的面具下,他密切注视着任何一位同事身上显示出的任何优势,一有优势出现,他就会焦虑不安。
如果他关注的这个同事显示出软弱或优柔寡断的迹象,他会立刻加以利用。
然而,人仅仅是一台巨大工作机器上的一个小零件,实际上他自己处处受剥削。
研究生英语系列教材上unit7 原文+翻译
Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer我对人类的了解越多,对他们的期望就越低。
和以前相比,我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。
——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克,莉迪亚·汉默尔Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.人性是性格、气质和性情的基础,性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的,它必须以这种基质的形式存在,并将它保留终生,这种基质,我们称之为一个人的本性。
The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits.A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.人类的本性不会也不能改变,只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升;我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。
研究生英语课后翻译
1.Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
2.His sister is a great liar.他妹妹老是说谎。
3.“Coming!”Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch.“来啦!”她转身连蹦带跳地跑了,越过草地,跑上小径,跨上台阶,穿过走廊,进了门廊。
4.The fact that she was able to send a message was a hint. But I had to be cautious.她能够给我带个信儿这件事就是个暗示。
但是我必须小心谨慎。
5.She opened the window to let fresh air in.她把窗子打开,让新鲜空气进来。
6.To them, he personified the absolute power.在他们看来,他就是绝对权威的化身。
7.Stevenson was eloquent and elegant—but soft.史蒂文森有口才、有风度,但很软弱。
8.He talked for some time with Bundy, and his questions reflected the enormity of his doubts.他同邦迪谈了一会,他提出的问题表明他有很大的怀疑。
9.By dialing the right number, you may be able to select a play, golf lesson or lecture in physics, from a pretaped library in a remote city, for showing on your home screen.只要拨对了号码,你就可以在家里电视机上选看到由远方城市的一座图书馆发出的预先录制的一出戏、一堂打高尔夫球的讲课,或者一次物理学演讲。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 6
How to read body languageAll of us communicate with one another nonverbally,as well as with words.Most of the time we’re not aware that we’re doing it.We gesture with eyebrows or a hand,meet someone else’s eyes and look away,shift positions in a chair.These actions we assume are random and incidental.But researchers have discovered in recent years that there is a system to them almost as consistent and comprehensible as language.我们每个人与别人都会在用语言交流的同时用非语言进行交流。
大部分时间我们并没有意识到我们正在这么做。
我们用眉和手做动作表示,我们与别人进行眼神接触又移开,在椅子上变换姿势。
我们以为这些姿势都是随意和偶然的,但近些年研究者发现这些动作与语言一样,有一个连续的和可以理解的系统。
Every culture has its own body language,and children absorb its nuances along with spoken language.A Frenchman talks and moves in French.The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way a male American does it.in talking,Americans are apt to end a statement with a droop of the head or hand,a lowering of the eyelids.They wind up a question with a lift of the hand,a tilt of the chin,or a widening of the eyes.With a future-tense verb they often gesture with a forward movement.每一个文化都有它自己的肢体语言,孩子们伴随口头语言一起吸取这种细微差别。
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Unit 16 The role of Science Fiction1972年以一本颇为争议的书的出版为标志。
这本书名为增长的极限。
有关世界的未来的研究,由一组麻省理工学院的科学家借助于模拟未来社会的计算机模型完成,预测了全球范围内的大灾难,除非人类迅速限制人口的增长和对自然资源的消费。
当这本书出版时,大多数人感到非常震惊。
许多人拒绝相信灾难发生的可能性,盖然性和必然性,如果我们不改变运转地球飞船的模式。
但是科幻小说人既不惊讶也不感到愤慨。
这项研究对他们来说实在是旧闻。
他们一直在制作他们自己的未来模型,并且穷其一生测试它们。
因为科学家试图用计算机模型所做的事情与科幻小说家和读者数十年来一直所做的事非常相像。
科幻小说家不用计算机模拟未来世界社会,而用他们的人类想象力。
这赋予他们巨大的优势。
其中一个优势就是灵活性。
科幻小说家的职责不在于预测未来。
他们做一些更重要的事情。
他们试着揭示展现在我们面前的多种未来的可能性。
因为不仅仅只有一种未来,一个时代不可避免的到来。
我们的未来是由人类用自身的行动一点一滴,一分一秒地创造出来的。
科幻小说家的一个重要作用就是揭示人类某几种行为的结果会形成哪几种形式的未来事件。
为了表达对可能出现的无穷多的未来的构想,恐惧和感受,科幻小说家在很大程度上依赖于另外一种优势——虚构的艺术。
因为当一个科学家将他的数据简化为表格和图表时,他的工作很大程度上结束了,而一个科幻小说家的工作才刚刚开始。
他的任务是表达人类故事:故事中未来的可能性的科学基础只不过是故事背景。
也许“仅仅”的局限性太大了。
许多科幻小说家除了背景,基本思想和花招,几乎空无一物。
但是最好的科幻小说是那些能对几代读者产生持久影响的故事,关于人的故事。
故事中的人可能是非人类。
他们可能是机器人或者其他类型的机器。
作为人的读者,同情他们,分享他们的喜怒哀乐,为他们的危险而担忧,为他们的成功而庆幸,从这个意义上讲他们无疑是人类。
虚构的艺术自从史前以来改变不大。
讲一个引人入胜的故事,套路保持不变:塑造一个性格坚强的人物,一个顶天立地,情感丰富,行为果断的人物。
赋予他一些弱点,让他与另外一个强者产生矛盾,这个强者也可能是自然。
让他外在的冲突真实地反映出主人公的内心冲突,反映各种欲望之间的冲突,反映出自身弱点与长处之间的冲突。
用这样的方法可以编出好故事。
不论是阿伯拉哈姆将他的儿子献给上帝,或者因为一个女人,帕里斯毁灭了整个特洛伊,或者哈姆雷特和克劳迪斯玩他们的死亡游戏,或者浮士德追寻世界的知识和权力,这些给读者留下深刻印象的故事都创造了令人难以忘怀的角色。
展示其他的世界,描述可能的未来社会和潜在的问题,还不够。
科幻小说家必须展示这些世界和未来是如何影响人类,同时更重要的是,他必须展示人类怎样并确实做到如何创造未来世界。
因为我们的未来很大程度上掌握在我们自己手中。
我们的未来不是凭空从天上掉下来的。
它是亿万人民共同努力的结果。
这一点在我们匆匆浏览报纸大标题,忙的焦头烂额的日常生活中很容易被忘记。
但是这正是科幻小说充分解释的一点:未来属于我们,不管它是什么样子。
我们创造未来,我们的行为可以塑造未来。
我们有智慧和勇气去建造天堂,至少要去试一下。
如果我们失败那是很不幸的,但是如果我们试都不试一下,那是最大的罪过。
因此科幻小说是沟通科学和艺术,精通工艺的工程师和深谙人性的诗人的桥梁。
从来没有像现在这样如此迫切地需要一座桥梁。
为英国杂志《新科学家》撰写文章的,著名的诗人和历史学家RG在1972年写道“工业技术和手艺在明争,科学与诗歌在暗斗。
”G所表达的整个正是许多人所担心的:技术已经允许机器代替人的体力,现在机器例如电子计算机似乎要取代人的脑力。
同时他走的更远,批判科学,理由是诗歌这样的人类活动具有科学无法识别的力量。
显然,G吧科学家视为一架架外表严肃,动作迟缓,没有灵魂的思维机器,未经事先深思熟虑从不迈进一步。
但是作为一名历史学家,G应该知道JCM关于电磁学的独到见解是凭直觉跃入未知世界的:关于可见光是电磁能光谱的小部分的猜想,这个猜想为电子技术打下基础。
M有极少的证据证明这一猜想。
这个证据随后就出现了。
那些被认为是冷漠,毫无幽默感的科学家凭直觉闯进未知世界,这样的例子不胜枚举。
科学家也是人。
他们想其他人一样有人性,有直觉和情感。
但是大多数人没有意识到这一点。
他们不太了解科学家,对科学也不甚了了。
17 现今大多数人仍然对科学家怀有敬畏之心。
毕竟,科学家们带给我们核武器,现代机器,空间飞行器和腋窝防臭剂。
然而同时,我们看到科学家被讥笑为头脑混乱的书呆子或被嘲笑为冷酷无情的怪物制造者。
科学家是少数人群,像大多数少数人群一样,很大程度上避开公众的视线,隐藏于他们自己的聚居区,如实验室,校园,在沙漠中的野外工作场地,或太平洋珊瑚岛上的场地。
18 人们先得观察和了解科学本身,然后才会懂得和欣赏什么是科学,科学能做到的,什么是科学家做不到的。
19 科幻小说有助于向不从事科学工作的人解释科学和科学是关于什么的。
上百所高校和公共学校开设科幻小说课程,并且发现这些课堂是科学家工程师和人文主义者的聚集场所绝非偶然。
科学和小说,理智与情感。
20 科学态度的本质是人类思维能成功理解宇宙。
通过动脑筋想办法,人就能排山倒海。
从这个意义上讲,科学是纯粹的人文主义者的追求,是颂扬人类智力战胜由于愚昧无知造成的迷惘,混乱和恐惧。
21许多科学小说都赞赏这种精神。
很少有科幻小说将人类描述成消极被动的物种,听任自然力像潮水般自由流动而不加限制。
科幻小说的主人公,也就是新神话小说中的神仙,勇敢的和黑暗作斗争,无论是面对全球性的山崩地裂的厄运还是面对政客贪得无厌的罪行。
他们也许不会总赢。
但是他们尽力而为。
22然而,科幻小说在现代社会的作用最重要的方面可以用一个词最好的总结,就是改变。
23 毕竟,科幻小说是描写变化的作品。
每篇小说都宣扬一个信条:明天和今天不同也许太不相同。
24 科幻小说很清晰地展示了变化,不论是好是坏,都是宇宙的内在规律。
不愿改变是一种陈腐的,现今又很危险的一种思想习惯。
世界总是变化的。
它正在不断地变化着。
对人类而言,最有成效的行为就是确定如何形成这些变化,如何影响这些变化,从而创造一个所发生的变化符合我们所需要的自然环境。
25 也许这就是科幻小说的最终各作用:履行向人类解释科学的任务。
当然,这是一个双刃武器。
不仅要宣讲福音,还要做出警告。
科学不仅能创造,而且能致死:技术把人的精神提升到想象能够达到的境界,也能使人麻木不仁。
只有真知灼见的人才能明智的决定如何利用科学技术造福人类。
最后,归根结底,一切艺术作品的作用是让我们自己看清自己,帮助我们自己认识自身的人性。
Unit 17 Newspaper1 你读什么报纸?你曾经仔细研究过它,将它与其他报纸进行对比过吗?你曾经是否停下来考虑你是如何读它的?2 一个好的现代报纸是一个不同寻常的读物。
它的不寻常之处首先在于它所包含的内容:新闻的范围从当地犯罪到国际政治,从体育到商业到时尚到科学,评论和专题文章的范围从社论版到专题文章和访谈录,到书籍,艺术,戏剧和音乐的评论。
一份报纸甚至因读它的方式而更加不同寻常:从不全部读完,从不按顺序读,但是总是从这儿跳到那儿,有的读有的不读,浏览一篇文章,从头至尾地读另一篇文章,下一篇只读几段。
一个好的现代报纸提供各种不同的内容以吸引许多不同的读者,不是仅仅局限于某一类读者所感兴趣的内容。
将这些不同全部集合起来就是它的时事性,即与你的世界和你所在的地方现在所发生的事情的紧密的联系。
但是即时性和与之相匹配的出版速度也意味着,报纸上出现的大多数内容仅仅只有短暂的价值。
尽管所有这些原因,没有那两个人真正读同一样的报纸:每个人所做的事是从当今的报中作出自己的选择放在一起,拍好顺序,制作一份自己的报纸。
尽管所有这些原因,有效率地阅读一份报纸,是指从报纸中获得你所需要的,没有遗漏你所需的,同时不浪费时间,在你对阅读技巧做相应的修改和实施时,高效的阅读需要技巧和自知之明。
3 或者你是从电视上获得新闻吗?电视新闻和实况报道有明显的即时性和生动性的价值。
它的缺点没那么明显,但是也相当多。
广播新闻节目必要地进行极度简化和浓缩。
它们也不灵活,你没法选择获得比每则新闻的简短摘要更多或者更少信息。
不管电视画面有多么生动,解释它们的信息受限于与画面同步进行的语速:省去商业广告,一个十分钟的广播所包含的信息不超过你在90秒内所阅读的信息量。
电视新闻在今天是极为重要又不可或缺的;但是它受限于广播工作所固有的方式,因此使得报纸新闻比以往更为重要。
4 报纸与其他读物一样,首要的问题是你阅读的目的。
如果你总是很清楚你需要读什么,你将会选择,跳读,充分利用你略读和预读的能力,质疑你眼睛所到之处的一切东西的价值。
确实,没有人应该“读”报纸。
例如,周日纽约时报(除去广告)所包含的内容超过75万字,相当于6本相当长的长篇小说。
你必须跳读;你可以做到快速和明智如果你记得几条事实:首先,既然大多数报纸为了吸引大量的普通读者群,他们的范围远远超出你的特别的兴趣。
第二,新闻的大部分内容遵循基本的新闻写作所特有的结构模式,即将最重要的内容集中于文章的前几段。
5 这些新闻写作特殊的特点需要你对你的预读,跳读,略读技巧进行一定修正。
让我们首先看一下头版新闻,这占据了报纸非广告版面的大部分。
为什么这些头条新闻要将首要的材料放在最顶端是有原因的。
读者是没有耐心的,想要快速获得新闻的主旨。
此外,报纸文章可以通过砍掉最后几段,是文章迅速而容易地被简化。
例如,一则关于联合国的新闻被放置在早版的首页上。
然后一则关于谋杀审判的新闻在同一天的另一版取代了它,这样联合国的新闻出现在第三页中,它的最后几段被砍掉以适应报纸版面的大小。
6 所以,你会发现报纸的头条新闻是为了预读而排版的。
通常头条新闻会告诉你是否想要继续读;如果是,你将完全地阅读前面几个段落,而略去其余的段落直到你获得你需要的信息。
接着前几段的许多内容都是以扩展的形式重述前几段的主体。
扩展只是增加一些记者和编辑认为不太重要的新闻细节。
7 新闻报纸试图通过看上去紧急的信息刊登在头版头条从而吸引读者以增加发行量。
因此,大多数新闻从当下发生了什么的角度编写--记者称之为“今日视角”。
但是不管惊人的头条新闻坚持什么,记住加在昨天信息上的今天的新闻也许非常少,这样以节省时间。
一些读者甚至声称每两天完全阅读一份报纸,几乎没有错过什么信息。
8 报纸上其他类型的报道包括社论,特写,通过报业辛迪加发表的文章和专题文章。
与头条新闻相比,这些其他类型,不是很需要寻找“新的”新闻。
相反,它们可以使你更加了解时事新闻的背景分析;它们也许提供政治观点;或者处理一些更加持久性的话题,因此它们更像杂志上的文章。