工业火工品中英文专用术语教学文案
冶金专业英语词汇（I）
冶金专业英语词汇（I）i bar 工字铁i beam 工字钢i iron 工字铁i steel 工字铁ice point 冰点ideal diameter 理想直径ideal fluid 理想铃ideal gas 理想气体ideal lattice 理想晶格ideal quenching 理想淬火ideal solution 理想溶液idiomorphic crystal 自形结晶idle roll 空转辊ignitability 可燃性igniter 点火器ignition 点火ignition alloy 发火合金ignition furnace 点火炉ignition loss 灼烧损失ignition point 着火点ignition temperature 着火温度ignitron 水银整淋ilmenite 钛铁矿ilmenorutile 黑金红石ilvaite 黑柱石immersed arc 埋弧immersion coating 浸镀immersion plating 浸入电镀immersion test 浸没试验immersion type thermocouple 浸入式热电偶immiscibility 不溶混性immovable bed 固定层impact 冲击impact bend test 冲讳曲试验impact extrusion 冲环压impact load 冲缓载impact resistance 冲昏力impact screen 冲桓impact sintering 冲徽结impact strength 冲豢度impact stress 冲沪力impact test 冲辉验impact test piece 冲辉件impact testing machine 冲辉验机impact toughness 冲煌性impact value 冲坏impeller agitator 桨叶式搅拌机imperfect combustion 不完全燃烧imperfect dislocation 不完全位错imperfection 缺陷impermeability 不渗透性impregnated skeleton 浸渍骨架impression 压痕impulse forming 脉冲成形impulse hardening 冲徊化impulsive load 冲缓载impurity 杂质impurity atom 杂质原子impurity element 杂质元素inactive gas 惰性气体incidental element 杂质元素incipient crack 初裂inclined grate 斜炉栅inclined roll straightening machine 斜辊矫直机inclined throat shears 斜口剪切机inclusion 夹杂物inclusion cleanliness 夹杂物清结度inclusion line 夹杂物线inclusion morphology 夹杂物形态学inclusion stringer 线状夹杂物inclusions floating 夹杂物浮游inclusions source 夹杂物源incoherent boundary 非共格边界incoherent precipitate 非共格沉淀incombustibility 不燃性incomplete annealing 局部退火incomplete austenitizing 部分奥氏体化incomplete combustion 不完全燃烧incomplete fusion 不完全焊透incomplete penetration 不完全焊透incomplete quenching 不完全淬火incompressibility 不可压缩性incompressible fluid 不可压缩铃inconel 因科内尔镍铬铁耐热耐蚀合金incubation period 孕育期incubation time 孕育时间indentation 压痕indentation hardness 压痕硬度indentation method 压痕法independent component 独立组分indianite 埃洛石indicator element 指示元素indicolite 蓝电气石indigolite 蓝电气石indirect analysis 间接分析indirect arc furnace 间接电弧炉indirect reduction 间接还原indirect sintering 间接烧结indirect spot welding 单面点焊indissolubility 不溶性indium 铟indium chloride 氯化铟individual drive 单独传动individual particle 单颗粒individually driven roller 单独传动辊induced draught 吸入通风induction 感应induction brazing 感应钎接induction coil 感应线圈induction furnace 感应炉induction hardening 高频率淬火induction heating 感应加热induction quenching 高频率淬火induction stirring 电磁搅拌induction welding 感应焊接induction welding mill 感应焊管机inductor 感应器industrial alloy 工业合金industrial furnace 工业炉industrial iron 工业铁industrial waste water 工业污水industrial water 工业用水inert arc welding 惰性气体保护电焊inert atmosphere 惰性气氛inert electrode 惰性电极inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性inertia moment 惯性矩inertial force 惯性力infection 腐蚀影响infeed accumulator 入口贮料坑infiltrated composite material 溶浸复合材料infiltration 渗透;溶浸infiltration alloy 溶浸合金infiltration by overlay 叠置熔浸infiltration material 熔浸材料infinite fiber 连续纤维inflammability 可燃性inflammation 发火inflection 弯曲inflexion 弯曲inflexion point 回折点infrared pyrometer 红外线高温计infrared radiation 红外线辐射infrared rays 红外线infrared thermometry 红外线测温infusibility 不熔性infusorial earth 硅藻土ingate 浇口ingot 钢锭ingot bleeding 漏钢ingot bogie 送锭车ingot buggy 送锭车ingot butt 钢锭尾部ingot carrier 送锭车ingot casting 铸锭ingot corner segregation 钢锭角偏析ingot dogs 夹锭钳ingot head 钢锭头部ingot mold 锭模ingot pit 均热炉ingot pouring 铸锭ingot pusher 钢锭推出机ingot scalping 钢锭扒皮ingot shell 锭壳ingot stool 底盘ingot stripper 脱模机ingot stripping 脱模ingot structure 钢锭组织ingot tilting device 翻锭机ingot tipper 翻锭机ingot tongs 夹锭钳ingot tumbler 翻锭机ingot turner 钢锭转盘ingot turning device 钢锭转盘ingot yard 钢锭堆场ingotism 师状巨晶ingotting 铸块inherent grain size 固有晶粒度inhibitor 抑制剂;抗氧化剂inhomogeneity 不均质性inhomogeneity of structure 组织不均匀性inhomogeneous system 非均匀系initial creep 初蠕变initial hardness 初始硬度initial permeability 起始磁导率initial section 初始轧断面initial temperature of rolling 初始轧制温度initiation of crack 裂化开始injection 喷射injection burner 喷射烧嘴injection metallurgy 喷吹冶金injection molding 射压造型injection nozzle 喷嘴injector 喷射器inlet guide 进口导板inlet pipe 进气管inlet roll cone 进口辊圆锥inlet valve 进气阀inner cover 内罩inoculant 变质孕育剂inoculant alloy 球化剂合金inoculated cast iron 孕育铸铁inoculation 变质处理inoperative pass 闭口式孔型inorganic salt 无机盐inred process inred 加速还原法insert 垫insert die 插入模inside flash 内焊瘤inside weld 内焊缝insolubility 不溶性insoluble anode 不溶性阳极insoluble residue 不溶残渣insoluble salt 不溶性盐inspection 检查inspection hole 检查孔inspection skid 检查台inspissation 蒸浓instability 不稳定性installation 设备instantaneous cooling rate 瞬时冷却速度instantaneous heating rate 瞬时加热速度instantaneous strain 瞬间应变instrumental analysis 仪浦析instrumental error 仪企差insulating brick 隔热砖insulating layer 绝缘层insulating material 绝缘材料insulating refractory 隔热耐火材料insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体intake valve 进气阀integral quantity 积分热力学量integrated iron and steel works 钢铁联合工厂intensity 强度intensive quantity 强度量intensive reduction process inred 加速还原法interaction 相互酌interaction parameter 相互酌参数interannealed wire 中间退火线材interatomic distance 原子间距离interatomic spacing 原子间距离interchangeability 互换性interchangeable converter 可换转炉interchangeable vessel 可换转炉intercommunicating porosity 连通孔隙度intercooler 中间冷却器intercritical annealing 临界区退火intercrystalline brittleness 晶间脆性intercrystalline corrosion 晶间腐蚀intercrystalline crack 晶间裂纹intercrystalline failure 晶间破裂intercrystalline fracture 晶间断裂intercrystalline slip 晶界滑动interdendritic attack 枝晶间腐蚀interdendritic segregation 枝晶间偏析interdiffusion 相互扩散interelectrode distance 电极间距离interface 界面interface reaction 界面反应interfacial energy 界面自由能interfacial friction 边界摩擦interfacial tension 界面张力interfacial zone 界面区interference 干涉interference microscopy 干涉显微方法intergranular corrosion 晶间腐蚀intergranular crack 晶间裂纹intergranular failure 晶间破裂intergranular fracture 晶间断裂;晶间断口intergranular oxidation 晶间氧化intergranular structure 晶间组织intergrowth of crystals 结晶共生interlamellar spacing 层间距intermediate annealing 中间退火intermediate compound 中间化合物intermediate group 中间轧机组intermediate heating 中间加热intermediate layer 中间层intermediate mill 中间轧机intermediate phase 中间相intermediate product 中间产物intermediate reaction 中间反应intermediate roll 中间辊intermediate softening 中间退火intermediate stand 中间机架intermediate table 中间辊道intermediate train 中间轧机组intermetallic compound 金属间化合物intermittent arc 断续电弧intermittent fillet welding 间歇式角焊intermittent seam welding 断续滚焊intermittent weld 间断焊缝intermittent welding 间断焊internal chill 内冷铁internal coat 内部涂覆internal crack 内裂internal defect 内部缺陷internal displacement 内部位移internal energy 内能internal friction 内摩擦internal oxidation 内部氧化internal pressure 内压力internal resistance 内电阻internal strain 内应变internal stress 内应力interparticle spacing 粒子间距interphase 中间相;界面interphase boundary 相间边界interplanar spacing 晶面间距interrupted aging 阶段时效interrupted cooling 断续冷却interrupted quenching 断续淬火interstage annealing 中间退火interstand space 机座间距离interstand tension 机座间张力interstice 晶格原子间隙interstitial 间隙原子interstitial atom 间隙原子interstitial diffusion 间隙扩散interstitial element 间隙元素interstitial impurity 间隙杂质interstitial phase 间隙相interstitial site 间隙位置interstitial solid solution 间隙固溶体interval 区间intracrystalline rupture 穿晶断裂intrinsic energy 内藏能量intrinsic stacking fault 内巽错introduction of dummy bar 引锭杆插入invar 因瓦合金invariant system 不变系inverse annealing 倒逆退火inverse chill 反白口inverse segregation 反偏析inverted extrusion 反挤压investment casting 熔模铸造;熔模铸件investment molding 蜡模造型investment pattern 蜡模iodide 碘化物iodide refining 碘化物精炼iodine 碘ion activity 离子活度ion association 离子缔合ion bombardment 离子轰击ion concentration 离子浓度ion density 离子密度ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange capacity 离子交换能力ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色层法ion exchange column 离子交换柱ion exchange method 离子交换法ion exchange reaction 离子交换反应ion exchange resin 离子交换尸ion exchange separation 离子交换分离ion exchanger 离子交换剂ion implantation 离子注入ion mobility 离子迁移率ion nitriding 离子氮化ion pair 离子偶ion product 离子积ion radius 离子半径ionic bond 离子键ionic compound 离子化合物ionic conduction 离子传导ionic conductivity 离子传导性ionic crystal 离子晶体ionic lattice 离子晶格ionic linkage 离子键ionic migration 离子迁移ionic theory 离子学说ionic valency 离子价ionite membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离ionization constant 电离常数ionization energy 电离能ionization equilibrium 电离平衡ionization heat 电离热ionization potential 电离势ionization state 电离状态ionization voltage 电离电压ionized atmosphere 离子气氛ionized layer 电离层iridium 铱iridium oxide 氧化铱iridosmine 铱锇合金iron 铁iron and steel industry 黑色冶金iron and steel scrap 废钢铁iron carbide 碳化铁iron carbon alloy 铁碳合金iron carbon diagram 铁碳状态图iron carbonate ore 铁碳酸盐矿石iron constantan thermocouple 铁铜镍热电偶iron foundry 铸适厂iron glance 镜铁矿iron loss 铁氧化损失;铁损iron manufacture 炼铁iron meteorites 铁陨石iron mine 铁矿山iron notch 出铁口iron ore 铁矿石iron ore briquette 铁矿石团块iron ore concentrate 铁精矿iron ore prereduction 铁矿石预还原iron ore sinter 铁矿石烧结矿iron pattern 铁模iron pipe 铁管iron powder 铁粉iron powder electrode 铁粉焊条iron protoxide 氧化亚铁iron runner 龙沟iron rust 铁锈iron sand 铁砂iron shot 铁丸iron wire 铁丝iron yield 铁收得率ironing 展薄拉伸ironmaking 炼铁ironstone 铁矿石ironworks 钢铁冶金工厂irradiation creep 辐照蠕变irradiation damageing 辐照损伤irradiation defect 辐照缺陷irradiation embrittlement 辐照脆化irradiation hardening 辐照硬化irregular powder 不规则状粉irregular section 变截面型材irregularity 不规则性irreversibility 不可逆性irreversible adsorption 不可逆吸着irreversible change 不可逆变化irreversible process 不可逆过程irreversible reaction 不可逆反应irrigated precipitator 湿式电收尘器ishikawaite 铁铌钇矿isobar 等压线isobaric change 等压变化isobaric line 等压线isochoric process 等容过程isochronal annealing 等时退火isolation 隔离isolator 绝缘体isomer 异构体isomerism 异构性isomorphism 同晶型isopotential surface 等位面isostatic mold 等静压模isostatic pressing 等静压制isothermal 等温线isothermal annealing 等温退火isothermal bath 等温浴isothermal change 等温变化isothermal curve 等温线isothermal extrusion 等温挤压isothermal forging 等温锻造isothermal growth 等温生长isothermal hardening 等温淬火isothermal heat treatment 等温热处理isothermal process 等温过程isothermal quenching 等温淬火isothermal section 等温截面isothermal sintering 等温烧结isothermal tempering 等温回火isothermal transformation 等温转变isothermal transformation curve 等温转变曲线isotope 同位素isotopic indicator 同位素指示剂isotopic tracer 同位素指示剂isotropic body 蛤同性体isotropy 蛤同性ixiolite 锰钽矿izod test 艾氏冲辉验。
冶金专业英语词汇（Q-R）
冶金专业英语词汇(Q-R)q bop process 底吹氧气转炉炼钢法qt steel 凳钢quadrant iron 扇形钢材qualitative analysis 定性分析quality basic oxygen process 底吹氧气转炉炼钢法quality control 质量管理quality specification 质量技术条件quality steel 优质钢quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative metallography 定量金相学quantity of magnetism 磁量quantometer 光量计quartation 四分法quartering 四分法quarto mill 四辊式轧机quartz 石英quartz glass 石英玻璃quartz sand 石英砂quartz tube 石英管quartzite 硅石quasi isotropy 伪蛤同性quaternary diagram 四元系状态图quaternary system 四元系quench 淬火quench aging 淬火时效quench bath 淬火浴quench crack 淬火裂纹quench hardened case 淬火层quench hardening steel 淬硬钢quenched and tempered steel 凳钢quenched bend test 淬火弯曲试验quenched case 淬火层quenched sorbite 淬火讼体quenched steel 硬化钢quenched troostite 淬火屈氏体quenching 淬火quenching capacity 淬火能力quenching furnace 淬火炉quenching medium 淬火剂quenching of vacancies 空位淬火quenching oil 淬火油quenching strain 淬火变形quenching stress 淬火应力quenching tank 淬火槽quenching temperature 淬火温度quick cooling 快速冷却quick lime 生石灰quick sand 涟quicksilver 汞r.p.m. 分钟转数rabble 搅拌器耙子rabbling 搅拌raceway 循环区rack 齿条rack type pusher 齿条推料机radial stress 径向应力radiant energy 辐射能radiant heat 辐射热radiant heater 辐射加热器radiant tube 辐射管radiating capacity 辐射能radiating heat 辐射热radiating tube furnace 辐射管炉radiation 辐射radiation burner 辐射烧嘴radiation defect 辐照缺陷radiation equilibrium 辐射平衡radiation hardening 辐照硬化radiation heating 辐射加热radiation loss 辐射损失radiation pyrometer 辐射高温计radiation temperature 辐射温度radical 基radio frequency welding 射频焊接radioactivation analysis 放射性化分析radioactive decay 放射性衰变radioactive element 放射性示素radioactive indicator 放射性指示剂radioactive isotope 放射性同位素radioactive metal 放射性金属radioactive mineral 放射性矿物radioactive rays 放射线radioactive substance 放射性物质radioactive tracer 放射性示踪剂radioactive tracer gas 放射性示踪气体radioactivity 放射性radiocobalt 放射性钴radioelement 放射性示素radiogram 伦琴射线照相radiograph 伦琴射线照相radiographic flaw detection 射线探伤radiographic inspection 射线照相检查radiography 射线照相术radioisotope 放射性同位素radiometallography 射线金相学radiometallurgy 射线冶金学radiometric analysis 辐射量分析radium 镭radius of curvature 曲率半径radon 氡rag 毛刺ragged roll 刻痕轧辊ragging 刻纹;除去毛刺rail 钢轨rail head 轨头rail joint bar 鱼尾板rail mill 钢轨轧机rail pass 钢轨孔型rail steel 钢轨钢rail straightener 钢轨矫正机rail straightening machine 钢轨矫正机railway track material 铁路用材料rake 耙子rake classifier 耙式分级机ram 碎铁落锤ram engine 打桩机rammed hearth 捣固炉底rammed lining 打结炉衬rammed refractory 捣制耐火材料rammer 捣锤ramming 捣打ramming board 捣固板ramming compound 捣打混合物ramming mix 捣打混合物random inspection 抽查rapid analysis 快速分析rapid annealing 快速退火rapid cooling 快速冷却rapid determination 快速分析rapid heating 快速加热rapid steel 高速钢rapping 松模rapping hole 敲模孔rapping plate 起模板rare earth elements 稀土元素rare earth metals 稀土金属rare earth treatment 稀土元素处理rare earths 稀土族rare elements 稀有元素rare metal 稀有金属rat 多肉rate constant 速度常数rate constant of reaction 反应速度常数rate controlling step 速率控制阶段rate of corrosion 腐蚀速率rate of diffusion 扩散速度rate of pouring 浇注速率rated capacity 额定容量rated current 额定电流rated output 额定功率rated voltage 额定电压rattler 清砂滚筒rauvite 水钙钒铀矿raw gas 脏煤气raw material 原料raw materials preparation 原料准备raw matte 粗冰铜raw ore 原矿raw steel 原钢rays 射线re reduced powder 重还原粉re solution 再溶解reactance 电抗reactant 试剂reacting weight 反应量reaction 反应reaction chamber 反应室reaction formula 反应式reaction heat 反应热reaction isotherm 反应等温线reaction kinetics 反应动力学reaction mechanism 反应机构reaction product 反应产物reaction rate 反应速度reaction sintering 反应烧结reaction temperature 反应温度reaction time 反应时间reaction tower 反应塔reaction tube 反应管reaction velocity 反应速度reaction velocity constant 反应速度常数reaction vessel 反应容器reactive atmosphere 活性气氛reactive metal 反应性金属reactive power 无功功率;反应能reactivity 反应性reactor 反应器反应堆reactor metallurgy 反应堆材料冶金学reagent 试剂real crystal 真实晶体real gas 真实气体real solution 实际溶液realgar 雄黄recalescence 再辉recalescence point 再辉点recarburization 再渗碳recarburizer 再增碳剂recarburizing atmosphere 再增碳气氛recasting 重浇铸receiver 槽receiving hopper 受料料斗receiving roll table 受料辊道reception test 验收试验reciprocal lattice 倒易格子reciprocating compressor 活塞式压缩机reciprocating cycle 往复周期reciprocating pump 循环泵reciprocating saw 滑座式锯recirculation degassing 循环真空脱气法recirculation rate 再循环速度recombination 再结合recompacting 再压制recorder 记录表recording pyrometer 自记高温计recovery 恢复recovery annealing 恢复退火recovery creep 回复蠕变recovery furnace 蓄热式炉recovery turbine 废能量回收发电recrystallization 再结晶recrystallization annealing 再结晶退火recrystallization temperature 再结晶温度recrystallization texture 再结晶织构recrystallization twin 再结晶孪晶rectangular ingot 偏钢锭rectification 整流;精馏rectified zinc 精镏锌rectifier 整流;精馏器rectifier welding set 整粮机rectifying column 精馏塔rectifying tower 精馏塔recuperation 回收;回粱热recuperative burner 换热式烧嘴recuperative soaking pit 换热式均热炉recuperator 蓄热器蓄热室recurrent lap 反复重皮recycle gas 再循环气体red brass 红色黄铜red brick 红砖red brittleness 热脆性red copper 紫铜red copper ore 赤铜矿red hardness 红硬性red heat 赤热red iron ore 赤铁矿red lead 红铅red mud 赤泥red phosphorus 红磷red short iron 热脆钢red silver ore 深红银矿red stain 铜斑redissolving 再溶解redistillation 再蒸馏redox potential 氧化还原电势redox reaction 氧化还原反应redox titration 氧化还原滴定redrawing 再拉拔reduced iron 还原铁reduced powder 还原粉reduced pressure 减压reduced pressure distillation 减压蒸镏reducer 还原剂reducibility 还原性reducing 还原reducing action 还原酌reducing agent 还原剂reducing atmosphere 还原气氛reducing bath 还原槽reducing capacity 还原能力reducing flame 还原焰reducing furnace 还原炉reducing gear 减速器减速装置reducing mill 减径机reducing power 还原能力reducing roasting 还原焙烧reducing sizing mill 减径定径机reducing valve 减压阀reducing zone 还原带reductant 还原剂reductibility 还原性reduction 还原reduction cell 电解还原槽reduction degradation 还原粉化reduction furnace 还原炉reduction gear 减速器减速装置reduction heat 还原热reduction of area 断面收缩率reduction of cross sectional area 断面压缩率reduction per pass 每道压下量reduction period 还原期reduction process 还原过程reduction rate 还原速度reduction ratio 压缩比;减速比reduction refining 还原精炼reduction schedule 压下规程reduction smelting 还原熔炼reeking 薰烟黑reel 卷取机;卷筒reel block 卷取机的卷筒reel tension regulator 卷取机的张力第器reeler 矫正机reeling 轧管机均整reeling mill 均整机reference electrode 参考电极refined copper 精铜refined lead 精炼铅refined matte 精炼铜refined zinc 精锌refinement 精炼refinery 精炼厂refining 精炼refining furnace 精炼炉refining slag 精炼渣reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection microscopy 反射显微镜检查法reflectoscope 超声波探伤器reflux 回流reflux condenser 回龄凝器reflux ratio 回寥reformed gas 转换气体refractoriness 耐火度refractory 耐火材料refractory brick 耐火砖refractory cement 耐火水泥refractory concrete 耐火混凝土refractory fiber 耐火纤维refractory inclusion 耐火材料夹杂物refractory lining 耐火内衬refractory material 耐火材料refractory metal 难熔金属refractory mixture 耐火混合料refractory mortar 耐火浆泥refrigerator 冷却器refuse 堆积场regenerated fuel 再生燃料regenerated leach liquor 再生浸出液regeneration 交粱热regenerative burner 再生烧嘴regenerative chamber 蓄热室regenerative furnace 蓄热炉regenerative quenching 再生淬火regenerative soaking pits 蓄热式均热炉regenerator 蓄热室region 相区域regular lay 普通捻regular powder 规则状粉regular solution 正规溶液regulating rod 控制棒regulating valve 第阀regulator 第器regulus 金属珠;冰铜reheating 再热reheating furnace 再加热炉reinforcement 加强reinforcement wire 预应力钢丝reinforcing bar 钢筋reinforcing steel 钢筋reinite 方钨铁矿reladling 倒桶relative deformation 相对形变relative error 相对误差relative humidity 相对湿度relative motion 相对运动relative pressure 相对压力relaxation 松弛relaxation constant 松弛常数relaxation resistance 松弛强度relief 浮凸relief polishing 凸抛光relief sprue 冒渣口relief welding 凸焊remaining liquid 残余熔料remains 残渣remanence 剩磁remanent magnetism 剩磁remelting 再熔炼remelting furnace 再熔炼炉remelting metallurgy 再熔冶金remelting process 重熔法remote control 遥控removal 除去removal of slag 除渣reoxidation 再次氧化reoxidation reaction 再氧化反应repair 修补repair welding 修补焊接repeated bending stress test 反复弯曲应力试验repeated impact test 反复冲辉验repeated transverse impact test 反复弯曲冲辉验repeater 围盘repeating 借助导卫板在轧机机座间串送轧件rephosphorization 回磷repiercing 再穿孔replacement 置换replica 模型膜repressing 重压reprocessing 再加工reproducibility 再现性rerolling 再轧reservoir 储蓄器residual current 剩余电流residual deformation 残留变形residual element 残余元素residual gas 残余气体residual heat 剩余热residual magnetism 剩磁residual porosity 残留孔隙度residual slag 残渣residual strain 残留变形residual stress 残余应力residual stress relieving 消除残余应力residue 残渣resilience 冲煌性resintering 再烧结resist 保护层resistance alloy 电阻合金resistance brazing 电阻钎焊resistance butt welding 电阻对接焊resistance cutting 电阻加热切割resistance furnace 电阻炉resistance percussion welding 冲桓resistance pyrometer 电阻高温计resistance sintering 电阻烧结resistance thermometer 电阻温度计resistance to deformation 变形阻力resistance welder 接触焊接机resistance welding 电阻焊resistance welding machine 接触焊接机resistance wire 电阻线resistivity 电阻率resolution 分解resolving power 分辨能力resonance 共鸣resonance absorption 共振吸收resonance method 谐振法rest electrode 焊条残头rest period 回复期restrained contraction 约束收缩restricted spread 限制宽展restriking 矫形锻压resulfurization 增硫retained austenite 残余奥氏体retained mandrel 限动芯棒retarded cooling 缓冷retort 蒸馏罐;马弗炉retort furnace 马弗炉retort process 反应罐直接还原法retort residue 蒸馏残渣retreatment 再处理return roller table 返回辊道return slag 返渣returns 返回粉末reverberating furnace 反射炉reverberatory furnace 反射炉reverberatory smelting 反射炉熔炼reversal load 应变载荷reverse bend test 反复弯曲试验reverse bending 反向弯曲reverse horn gate 倒牛角浇口reverse polarity 逆极性reverse torsion test 反复扭转试验reversed brass 锌基压铸合金reversibility 可逆性reversible adsorption 可逆吸附reversible change 可逆变化reversible cycle 可逆循环reversible electrode 可逆电极reversible process 可逆过程reversible reaction 可逆反应reversible temper brittleness 可逆回火脆性reversible transformation 可逆相变reversing bloomer 可逆式初轧机reversing blooming mill 可逆式初轧机reversing cold mill 可逆式冷轧机reversing mill 可逆式轧机reversing rolling stand 可逆式机座reversing two high blooming mill 二辊可逆式初轧机reversing valve 换向阀reversion 回归revolutions per minute 分钟转数revolving cathode 旋转阴极revolving crystal method 旋转结晶法revolving grate 旋转炉篦revolving hopper 旋转料斗revolving screen 回转筛revolving top 炉顶旋转布料器rewelding 再焊接rewinder 再卷装置reynolds number 雷诺数rh process 双管循环真空除气法rhenium 铼rheotropic brittleness 低温脆性rhodanizing 镀铑rhodite 铑金矿rhodium 铑rhodochrosite 菱锰矿rhodonite 蔷薇辉石rhombic lattice 斜方晶格rhombic system 斜方晶系rhombohedral lattice 菱形晶格rhombohedral system 菱形晶系rhombohedron 菱面体rhombus 菱形ribbed tube 加肋管ribbon saw 带锯rich alloy 中间合金rich gas 富煤气rich lead 富银铅rich low brass 富铜低锌黄铜rich ore 富矿richetite 水板铅铀矿rider brick 锁砖ridges 带钢单向皱纹riffle 槽riffle sampler 格槽分样器riffled tube 加筋管riffles 皱纹rigid body 刚体rigidity 刚性rimhole 皮下气泡rimmed ingot 沸腾钢钢锭rimmed steel 沸腾钢rimming steel 沸腾钢rimming steel ingot 沸腾钢钢锭ring core 环形泥芯ring furnace 环式窑ring gate 环形内浇口ring rolling mill 轮箍轧机rinse bath 洗涤槽rinse water 冲洗水ripidolite 铁绿泥石ripple weld 鳞状焊缝rippled surface 焊波表面riser 冒口rising pipe 下铸浇口rising steel 冒涨钢锭rivet joint 铆接rivet steel 铆钉钢roak 发裂roast 焙烧roast reduction process 焙烧还原法roasted concentrate 焙烧精矿roasted ore 焙烧矿roasted pyrite 焙烧黄铁矿roaster 焙烧炉roasting 焙烧roasting furnace 焙烧炉roasting kiln 焙烧炉roasting rate 焙烧率rock salt 岩盐rocking arc furnace 摇动电弧炉rocking grate 摇动炉篦rocking resistor furnace 可倾式电阻炉rocking runner 移动式钢水沟rocking screen 摇动筛rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度rockwell hardness number 洛氏硬度值rockwell hardness test 洛氏硬度试验rod 棒;棒钢rod mill 线材轧机;棒磨机roentgen 伦琴roentgen radiation 伦琴辐射roentgen rays x 射线roentgenogram x 射线照片roll 轧辊roll adjustment 轧辊蝶roll axis 轧辊轴线roll balance 轧辊的平衡roll barrel 辊身roll bending system 弯辊装置roll body length 辊身长度roll caliber 轧辊孔型roll camber 辊身轮廓roll carriage 轧辊的轴承座roll change 换辊roll changing 换辊roll changing rig 换辊装置roll chock 轧辊的轴承座roll cogging 在初轧机上轧制roll collar 辊环roll compacting 粉末轧制roll consumption 辊消耗roll coolant 轧辊冷却乳液roll crown 轧辊凸度roll crusher 辊式破碎机roll deflection 轧辊挠度roll designing 轧辊孔型设计roll diameter 辊身直径roll dressing 轧辊加工或磨削roll engaging sleeve 轧辊连接套筒roll fittings 轧辊导卫装置roll flattening 轧辊压扁roll force 轧制力roll formed shape 冷弯型钢roll forming 辊轧成形roll forming mill 辊轧成形机roll gap 轧辊开度roll grinder 轧辊磨床roll grinding 轧辊研磨roll grinding machine 轧辊磨床roll housing 轧机机架roll inventory 轧辊库roll lathe 轧辊车床roll line 轧辊轴线roll mandrel 辊轴roll marks 辊印roll mill stand 轧机机座roll neck 辊颈roll opening 轧辊开度roll pass 轧辊孔型roll pass design 轧辊孔型设计roll pass sequence 轧辊孔型系统roll profile 轧辊辊型roll regrinding 轧辊再研磨roll scale 轧钢皮roll screen 辊筛roll seperating force 轧制力roll setting 轧辊蝶roll setup 安置轧辊roll shape control 辊型第roll shift 轧辊轴向移动roll sleeve 轧辊辊套roll speed 轧制速度roll straightener 辊式矫正机roll stroke 轧辊升程roll table 辊道roll train 轧机机组roll turning 轧辊车削roll turning shop 轧辊车嫌工车间roll turning template 车晓辊用样板roll type reel 辊式卷取机roll wear 轧辊磨损roll wobbler 轧辊梅花头rollability 可轧制性rolled compact 轧坯rolled gold 覆饰用极薄金箔rolled in scale 轧入氧化皮rolled iron 轧制钢材rolled pipe 轧制管rolled products 轧材rolled steel 轧制钢材rolled stock 轧材rolled tube 轧制管rolled wire 轧制线材roller 辊子;轧钢工roller bearing 滚柱轴承roller bearing steel 滚柱轴承钢roller bed 辊道roller chain 滚子链roller cold pilgering mill 滚式冷轧管机roller conveyor 辊式运输机roller cooling bed 辊式冷床roller die 辊模roller electrode 辊式电极roller feeder 辊式给料机roller guide 辊式导板roller hearth furnace 辊底式炉roller leveler 辊式矫直机roller line 辊道线roller reel 辊式卷取机roller spot welding 滚点焊roller straightening machine 辊式矫正机roller twister 辊式扭转导板roller welding 轧焊roller's side 进料侧rolling 轧制rolling axis 轧制线rolling cycle 轧制周期rolling direction 轧制方向rolling drawing process 轧制拉制法rolling equipment 轧制设备rolling friction 滚动摩擦rolling line 轧制线rolling mill 轧机rolling mill engine 轧机昼动机rolling mill practice 轧制工艺rolling off 管材的芯棒辗轧rolling plan 轧制图解rolling plant 轧制车间rolling power 轧制能力rolling pressure 轧制压力rolling program 轧制图解rolling skin 轧制铁鳞rolling solution 轧制用润滑冷却液rolling surface 滚动面rolling technology 轧制工艺rolling temperature 轧制温度rolling temperature region 轧制温度区rolling texture 轧制织构rolling torque 轧制力矩rolling width 轧制宽度roof 炉顶roofing sheet 屋面薄钢板root 根部root crack 根部裂纹root gap 根部间隙root of penetration 焊缝根部root opening 根部间隙root pass 根部焊道root run 根部焊道rope 索rope manufacture 钢丝绳制造rope transfer 钢丝绳移送机rope wire 钢丝绳用钢丝roscoelite 钒云母rosette graphite 玫瑰花状石墨rotary converter 回转式转炉rotary crusher 回转破碎机rotary cutter 圆盘式剪断机rotary die 转模rotary drier 回转干燥器rotary drum grinder 滚筒粉碎机rotary filter 滚筒过滤机rotary forge mill 周期式轧管机rotary furnace 回转炉rotary hearth furnace 转底炉rotary kiln 回转炉rotary kiln reduction 回转炉还原rotary piercing 斜辊式穿孔rotary piercing mill 斜辊式穿轧机rotary pump 回转泵rotary shears 圆盘剪切机rotary squeezer 回转压榨机rotary swager 旋转锻造机rotary swaging 回转模锻rotary trimming shears 圆盘式切边剪rotary tube straightener 旋转式钢管矫直机rotary vacuum pump 回转真空泵rotating anode 旋转阳极rotating arc 旋转电弧rotating arc welding 旋转电弧悍rotating bending test 旋转弯曲试验rotating cathode 旋转阴极rotating crystal method 旋转结晶法rotating cube mixer 旋转箱式混料机rotating guide 旋转导板rotating screen 回转筛rotation axis 转动轴rotational slip 转动滑移roto arc welding 旋转电弧悍rotoblasting 铁砂清理rotor process 氧气平吹旋转转炉炼钢法rottenstone 硅藻土rouge 铁丹rough forging 粗锻造rough grinding 粗研磨rough surface 粗面rougher 开毗机roughing 粗轧roughing groove 粗轧孔型roughing mill group 粗轧机组roughing pass 粗轧孔型roughing slag 下渣roughing train 粗轧机线roughness 粗糙度roughness factor 粗糙度系数round billet 圆形坯round concrete bar 混凝土用圆钢round ingot 圆锭round kiln 圆形炉round pass 圆形孔型round steel 圆钢rounding 倒角rounds 圆钢row of dislocations 位错排列rubber mold 橡皮铸型rubber packing 橡皮垫rubellite 红电气石rubidium 铷rubidium alum 铷茂rubidium chloride 氯化铷ruby copper 赤铜矿ruhrstahl heraeus process 双管循环真空除气法run 道run off tab 引出板run out table 输出辊道runner 出钢槽runner box 分叉浇口箱runner brick 汤道砖running out 跑号running repair 小修running time 运转时间runoff table 输出辊道runout 瘤;漏铁水rupture 破坏rupture stress 断裂应力rust 锈rust inhibitor 防锈剂rust protection 抗锈rust remover 除锈剂rust resistance 耐锈蚀性rusting 生锈ruthenium 钌rutile 金红石rutile electrode 氧化钛药皮焊条rz powder rz 粉末。
104 《兵器工业工程术语》
debris
冲击波超压
blast overpressure
冲击波冲量
blast impulse
爆炸塔
blast tower
爆炸井
blast well
装药等效直径
equivalent diameter
临时存药洞
temporary explosive storage cave
火工品试验室
initiating explosive device test building
碎片收集室
debris trap
膨胀室
expansion chamber
危险性建筑物
hazardous operating building
危险品生产厂房
production building of hazardous articles
危险品生产间
hazardous articles production room
Protective embankment
危险工作间
Dangerous workshop
轻质泄压屋盖
Light relief roof
隔爆墙
Dividing wall(plate)
防火墙
Fire wall
防火堤
Fire dike
安全滑梯、滑杆
Safety chute and slide pole
抗爆间室
危险品生产区
production area of hazardous goods
危险品总库区
general hazardous goods warehouse
靶场区
shooting range
试验场
proving ground
化工专用术语中英文
石油化工专用术语汇总石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-E&FEthylene 乙烯Feed purification unit FPU 进料精制单元Feeding pump 进料泵Filler material 焊补材料Factory acceptance test FAT 工厂验收试验Engineering service ES 工程服务Erucamide 芥酸酰胺ethyl benzene/ styrene EB/SM 乙苯/苯乙烯Fire & gas detection F&GD 火灾气体检测Fire monitor 消防水炮Fire Retardant clothes FRC 防火服Firing/ignition/light off 点火Fractions /cut 馏分Functional design specification FDS 功能设计规范石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-G/H/IInstrument tapping 仪表接管In-tank pump 输入泵Intermediate reboiler 中间再沸器Intermediate stress relief ISR 中间应力消除Intermittent operation 间歇操作Isobutene 异丁烯Gasoline treating unit GTU 汽油加氢单元General purpose polystyrene GPPS 通用聚苯乙烯Girth baffle 围堰挡板Girth plate 圈板Hexane 己烷High impact polystyrene HIPS 耐冲击聚苯乙烯Homoplymer 均聚物Hydrated Talc Powder DHT-4A 水合滑石粉DHT-4AImpact copolymer ICP 抗冲共聚物Implosion 暴聚Incompleted project 未完工程Industrial water 工业水Inhibitor 抑制剂/缓蚀剂Isomers 异构体石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-J-LJob observation JO 作业观察Job safety assessment JSA 工作安全评估Ledger 台帐Letter of intent LOI 意向书light off 点火Light Stabilizer Chimassorb 944 光稳定剂Chimassorb 944Light Stabilizer Tinuvin 326 光稳定剂Tinuvin 326Lighting protection 防雷电保护Jacket 夹套管Job hazard analysis JHA 工作危险分析Key Performance Index KPI 关键绩效（性能）指标Lab information and management system LIMS 试验室信息管理系统Lack of fusion 未熔透Lack of penetration 未焊透Leak test 密封性试验Line manager 上级主管Local PI Local PILocksmith 钳工石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-M-NMeta- 间位Metallography 金相分析Methanol 甲醇Molecular Sieve for Water Removal 脱水用3A-PCG分子筛3A-PCG Multimode fibre optic 多模光纤Management of Change MOC 变更管理Material safety data sheet MSDS 材料安全数据表Membrane recovery unit MRU 膜回收装置Multiple pass welding 多道焊接/压道焊接Muster point 集合点Naphtha 石脑油Natural gas letdown station 天然气减压站Non destructive Test NDT 无损检验Normal water NW 普通水Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR 核磁共振石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-OOil scraper 刮油机Olefin 烯烃Olefin conversion unit OCU 烯烃转换单元One-time-filling Catalysts 一次性装填催化剂Operator training simulator OTS 操作员仿真培训系统Ortho- 邻位Outstation 仪表外站Oxygen deficient atmosphere 空气缺氧环境石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-PPara- 对位Passivation 钝化/预膜Pd Catalyst for Acetylene Removal (G-58) 脱乙炔用钯催化剂（G-58）Pelletizer 造粒机Pellets cooling water tank PCWT 切粒水槽Penetration test PT 渗透检验Pentane 戊烷Peroxides Carried on White Oil & Silicon Oxide 载于白油、氧化硅上的过氧化物Phosphate 磷酸盐Phosphate 磷酸盐Pilot gas 点燃气/长明灯的气体Pinch point 扭点Piperack 管廊Plant Information PI 装置信息Polybutadiene Rubber PBR 顺丁橡胶Polyethylene PE 聚乙烯Polyolefin PO 聚烯烃Polypropylene PP 聚丙烯Polystyrene PS 聚苯乙烯Potassium hydroxide 氢氧化钾Preblend 预混料Preblend system PBS 混料系统Pre-clean 预清洗Pre-film 预膜Preparation tank 配制槽Pressure relief valve PRV 泄压阀Pressure safety valve PSV 安全阀Pre-startup safety review PSSR 预开车安全检查Pre-sulfuration 预硫化Primary Antioxidant Irganax 1010 主抗氧剂Irganax 1010Primary Antioxidant Irganax 1076 主抗氧剂Irganax 1076Primary Catalysts 主催化剂Processing Additive dynamar FX5920A 加工助剂dynamar FX5920A Project change note PCN 项目变更单Project HSE review PHSER 项目HSE审查Project Management Contractor PMC 项目管理承包商Propylene recovery unit PRU 丙烯回收单元Purified terephthalic acid PTA 精对苯二甲酸Pyrolysis fuel oil PFO 裂解燃料油Pyrolysis gas oil PGO 裂解柴油石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-RQuantitative risk analysis QRA 定性风险分析Radiographic test RT 拍片检验Raffinate (oil) 残油液Random copolymer RCP 无规则共聚物Rebar binding 扎筋Reference gas 参比气体Repair welding 补焊Rigger 吊运工Riveter 铆工石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-SSettler 沉降槽Settler 沉降槽Share point policy Share point 原则Sign-in list 签字单Silt 淤泥Safety instrument system SIS 安全仪表系统Safety integrity level SIL 安全综合水平SDx催化剂SDx CatalystSecondary Antioxidant Irgafos 168 辅助抗氧剂Irgafos 168Secondary Antioxidant Irgafos P-EPQ 辅助抗氧剂Irgafos P-EPQSecondary Antioxidant Irganox PS802 辅助抗氧剂Irganox PS802Secondary Antioxidant Tris (nonylphenyl) phosphite (TnPP 辅助抗氧剂亚磷酸-三正壬基苯(TnPP)secondary Antioxidant Westing 619 辅助抗氧剂Westing 619Selective C4 hydrogenation unit SHU 碳四选择加氢单元Sendout pump 输出泵Site acceptance test SAT 现场验收试验Site wide system SWS 全场系统Software license agreement SLA 软件许可协议Solo test run 单机试车Spool 短管/旁路管Standard operation procedure SOP 标准操作程序Steam trap 疏水器Sulfolane 环丁砜Sulfuric acid 硫酸Swift up temperature 飞温swing SWING 切换生产线石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-TTag line 溜绳Tank farm 罐区Tax reimbursement 退税Technical service TS 技术服务Termination 端接Three-phase three-wire system 三相三线制Tie-in point 接入点Toolbox talks 交接会/班前会Transfer line exchanger TLE 废热锅炉/清焦锅炉Triethyl aluminum TEAL 三乙基铝Turbidity 浊度Turbidity 浊度石油化工专业翻译术语汇总-U-ZUltrasonic test UT 超声波检验Value-added tax VAT 增值税Valve positioner 阀门定位器Variation order VO 变更单Vendor databook VDB 厂商数据表Venturi tube 文丘里管Weep hole 泄水孔Welding Procedure Specification WPS 焊接工艺规程Welding repair procedure 补焊工艺weldolet 焊接管台Wind vane 风向标X-ray fluoroscopy XRF X射线荧光分析Zinc Oxide 氧化锌Zirconia ZrO 氧化锆Zinc Stearate 硬酯酸锌。
工业常用词汇（英语）
操作说明书 opera ng instruc on 操作说明书标准操作程序 standard opera ng procedure 标准操作程序开车 start-up 开车试车 running-in 试车在操作中（在运转中）on stream 装载 load up 装载装罐（产品） run-down 装罐（产品）停车 shut-down 停车预防修理（小修） turn-around 预防修理（小修）正常停车 normal shutdown 正常停车运转周期 run length 运转周期冲洗 flushing 冲洗喷射清洗 jet cleaning 喷射清洗化学清洗 chemical cleaning 化学清洗大修 overhaul 大修盘车 barring 盘车研磨 lapping 研磨干燥 dry out 干燥电干燥 electric drying 电干燥运转中检查（在线检查） on-stream inspec on 运转中检查（在线检查）在线维修 on-stream maintenance 在线维修生产保全 produc ve maintenance 生产保全间歇操作 batch opera on 间歇操作半间歇操作 semi-batch opera on 半间歇操作连续操作 con nuous opera on 连续操作制备 prepara on 制备补充 make-up 补充回收 recovery 回收再生 regenera on 再生循环 recycle 循环再循环 recycle 再循环除焦 decoking 除焦放空 vent 放空蒸汽吹扫 steaming out 蒸汽吹扫吹扫 purge 吹扫抽真空 evacua on 抽真空吹出 blow-off 吹出排污 blowdown 排污息火 blow-out 息火事故排放 emergency vent 事故排放安全放空 conserva on vent 安全放空阻火器 flame arrester 阻火器防爆膜（爆破片） rupture disc 防爆膜（爆破片）安全泄气阀 safety valve 安全泄气阀事故切断阀 emergency valve 事故切断阀过流防止阀 excess flow valve 过流防止阀排放阀 discharge valve 排放阀破真空 vacuum breaker 破真空大气腿 barometric leg 大气腿锁开 locked open 锁开锁关 locked close 锁关铅封开（未经允许不得关闭） car sealed open 铅封开（未经允许不得关闭）旁路 by-pass 旁路操作管线 on-stream line 操作管线备用 stand-by 备用15.2 操作状态操作状态污染 containa on 污染波动 fluctua on 波动操作稳定性 opera ng stability 操作稳定性溢流、液泛 flooding 溢流、液泛沟流 channeling 沟流停留时间 (1) residence me 停留时间(2) reten on me 滞留量 hold up 滞留量界面 interface 界面飞沫 priming 飞沫物沫夹带 entrainment 物沫夹带漏液 weeping 漏液发泡 foaming 发泡回火 back-fire 回火净正吸入压头 NPSH 净正吸入压头回流 reflux 回流转化率 conversion 转化率进料 feed 进料输入 intake 输入冷凝液 condensate 冷凝液放净 drain 放净塔顶流出物 overhead 塔顶流出物釜液 bo oms 釜液饱和蒸汽 saturated steam 饱和蒸汽过热蒸汽 superheated steam 过热蒸汽直接蒸汽 live steam 直接蒸汽窒息蒸汽 smothering steam 窒息蒸汽鼻烟蒸汽 snuffing steam 鼻烟蒸汽雾化蒸汽 atomizing steam 雾化蒸汽16. 防火和环保防火和环保16.1 消防设备消防设备水龙带 fire hose 水龙带水管接口 water nozzle 水管接口消防栓 hydrant 消防栓供水口 siamese connec on 供水口泡沫灭火剂 foam 泡沫灭火剂空气泡沫发生器 air foam chamber 空气泡沫发生器上升管过滤器 riser strainer 上升管过滤器消防软管接口 fire hose connec on 消防软管接口泡沫接口 foam nozzle 泡沫接口水枪 monitor 水枪喷头 head 喷头喷头、喷嘴 spray 喷头、喷嘴水喷淋（罐顶） deluge 水喷淋（罐顶）水喷淋（罐壁） drencher 水喷淋（罐壁）洒水器 sprinkler 洒水器雾化 fog 雾化水喷淋 watering 水喷淋CO2 灭火系统灭火系统 CO2ex nguishing system 灭火器 fire ex nguisher 灭火器干粉灭火器 dry chemical powder 干粉灭火器消防水泵 fire pump 消防水泵稳压泵 jockey pump 稳压泵消防车 fire figh ng trunk 消防车急救车、救护车 ambulance car 急救车、救护车16.2 火灾报警设备火灾报警设备自动火灾报警系统 automa c fire alarm system 自动火灾报警系统监视器 detector 监视器发送器、变送器 transmi er 发送器、变送器接收器 receiver 接收器转送器 (1) translater 转送器(2) repeater 火灾监视区 fire watching zone 火灾监视区火灾检测区 fire sensing zone 火灾检测区漏电报警器 leak alarm device 漏电报警器16.3 其它防火设备其它防火设备阻火器 flame arrester 阻火器紧急切断阀 emergency isola on valve 紧急切断阀安全（泄气）阀 safety valve 安全（泄气）阀爆破片（膜） rupture disc 爆破片（膜）联锁 interlock 联锁防护堤 dike 防护堤防爆墙 explosion proofing wall 防爆墙避雷器 lightning arrester 避雷器避难指示灯 emergency direc onal light 避难指示灯避难路标 emergency direc onal indica on 避难路标航空标识灯 (1) aircra warning light 航空标识灯(2) aircra obstruc on light 静电保护 protec on of sta c electricity 静电保护线桥 bonding 线桥地耳 earth lug 地耳气体检测器 gas detector 气体检测器噪音累积器 noise exposure meter 噪音累积器16.4 电气防爆电气防爆防爆结构explosion-protected construc on 增安型 increased safety type 增安型隔爆型 flameproof type 隔爆型本质安全型 (1) intrinsically safe type 本质安全型(2) intrinsic safety type 正压通风型 pressurized type 正压通风型浸油型 oil-immersed type 浸油型特殊型 special type 特殊型允许温升时间 permissible locked-rotor me 允许温升时间本安回路 intrisically safe circuit 本安回路本安连接回路 associated circuit of intrinsically safe system 本安连接回路非本安回路 non-intrinsically-safe circuit 非本安回路本安电器设备 intrincally safe appratus 本安电器设备安全栅 barrier 安全栅正压通风室 pressurized room 正压通风室密封 sealing 密封防爆容器 enclosure vessel 防爆容器16.5 危险场所、火灾、爆炸危险场所、火灾、爆炸危险区 (1) hazardous area 危险区(2) hazardous loca on 爆炸气体环境危险区 hazardous areas for explosive gas at6mosphere 爆炸气体环境危险区粉尘危险区 hazardous area for dust 粉尘危险区爆炸气体 explosive gas 爆炸气体粉尘 dust 粉尘危险源 source of hazard 危险源爆炸等级 explosion class 爆炸等级引燃温度组别 igni on group 引燃温度组别引燃点 (1) igni on point 引燃点(2) fire point 闪点 flash point 闪点爆炸极限 (1) limit of explosion 爆炸极限(2) explosive limits 蒸汽密度 vapor density 蒸汽密度点火源 igni on source 点火源静电 sta c electrifica on 静电爆炸 explosion 爆炸气体爆炸气体爆炸 gas explosion 粉尘爆炸粉尘爆炸 dust explosion 蒸汽爆炸蒸汽爆炸 vapor explosion 最小点火能最小点火能 minimum igni on energy 自燃自燃 spontaneous igni on 燃烧热燃烧热 heat of combus on 燃烧波燃烧波 combus on wave 火球火球 fire ball 一次灾害一次灾害 primary disaster 二次灾害二次灾害 secondary disaster 16.6 化学设备、危险物、有害物化学设备、危险物、有害物允许浓度允许浓度 acceptable concentra ons 缺氧缺氧 want of oxygen 听力下降听力下降 hearing loss 16.7 安全安全安全工程安全工程 safety engineering 人类工程学人类工程学 human engineering 人机系统人机系统 man-machine system 定期维修定期维修 preven ve maintenance 维修率维修率 maintainability 利用率利用率 avaiability 可靠性可靠性 reliability 持续性持续性 redundancy 故障率故障率 failure rate 故障分类故障分类 failure mode 故障间隔平均时间故障间隔平均时间 mean me between failures 故障分类及影响分析故障分类及影响分析 failure mode and effect analysis 故障树分析故障树分析 fault tree analysis 安全性安全性 fault tree analysis 减灾对策 fail-safe 防止误差操作 fool-proof 安全评价 safety assessment 工业事故 industrial industrial accident accident 工业安全工业安全 industrial industrial safety safety 安全管理安全管理 safety safety management management 生产事故生产事故 labor accident 人身伤害人身伤害 personal injury 事故统计事故统计 accident sta s cs 事故费事故费 accident cost 伤害原因 injury source 人生防护用具人生防护用具 personal protec ve equipment 急救急救急救 first aid 劳动环境劳动环境 labor environment 16.8 公害公害环境评估环境评估 environmental assessment 环境标准环境标准 environmental standard 大气污染大气污染 air pollu on 水污染water pollu on 噪音噪音 noise 土壤污染土壤污染 (1) soil containment (2) soil pollu on 地基下沉地基下沉 land subsidence 。
消防工程专业英语词汇
消防工程专业英语词汇Fire Engineering Professional English VocabularyIntroductionIn the field of fire engineering, professionals need to have a solid understanding of specialized vocabulary to effectively communicate with colleagues, navigate technical manuals, and ensure the safety of individuals and property. This article aims to provide an extensive list of key English terms commonly used in the field of fire engineering.1. Fire Types and Behavior1.1. Ignition Sources- Electric sparks- Open flames- Chemical reactions- Heat-producing equipment1.2. Fire Classes- Class A: Ordinary combustibles (wood, paper)- Class B: Flammable liquids (petrol, diesel)- Class C: Energized electrical equipment- Class D: Combustible metals (magnesium, titanium)1.3. Fire Behavior- Pre-flashover: Initial stage of rapid fire growth- Flashover: Sudden involvement of all combustible materials- Backdraft: Sudden introduction of oxygen to an oxygen-depleted fire - Smoldering: Slow, low-temperature combustion2. Fire Protection Systems2.1. Fire Alarm Systems- Smoke detectors- Heat detectors- Manual call points- Fire alarm control panels2.2. Sprinkler Systems- Wet pipe systems- Dry pipe systems- Pre-action systems- Deluge systems2.3. Fire Suppression Systems- Water-based systems (water mist, foam)- Gaseous systems (CO2, FM-200)- Powder-based systems (ABC, BC)2.4. Passive Fire Protection- Fire-resistant building materials- Fire-rated walls and doors- Firestops and fire barriers- Fire dampers and smoke curtains3. Fire Safety Standards and Codes3.1. NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)- NFPA 70: National Electrical Code (NEC)- NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code- NFPA 101: Life Safety Code- NFPA 25: Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems3.2. IBC (International Building Code)- Fire protection requirements for building construction- Means of egress regulations- Fire resistance ratings for structural elements- Occupancy classifications3.3. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)- Fire safety regulations for workplace environments- Emergency action plans and fire drills- Hazardous materials handling and storage guidelines- Personal protective equipment requirements4. Fire Investigation and Risk Assessment4.1. Fire Cause Determination- Arson investigation- Electrical failure analysis- Chemical analysis of fire residues- Fire pattern recognition4.2. Fire Risk Assessment- Identification of potential fire hazards- Evaluation of ignition sources and fuel loads- Assessment of fire spread and evacuation routes- Recommendations for fire prevention and control measures 5. Firefighting Tactics and Terminology5.1. Incident Command System (ICS)- Incident Commander (IC)- Operations Section Chief (OSC)- Safety Officer (SO)- Firefighter (FF)5.2. Fireground Operations- Fire suppression techniques (direct attack, indirect attack)- Ventilation methods (natural, mechanical)- Fire control and extinguishment- Salvage and overhaul operationsConclusionProfessionals in the field of fire engineering must possess a comprehensive understanding of specialized English vocabulary to effectively communicate and ensure the safety of individuals and property. This article has provided an extensive list of key terms covering fire types and behavior, fire protection systems, fire safety standards and codes, fire investigation and risk assessment, as well as firefighting tactics and terminology. Continual learning and familiarity with these terms will greatly contribute to the success and professionalism of individuals working in the field of fire engineering.。
工业常用词汇(英语)
操作说明书operating instruction标准操作程序standard operating procedure开车start-up试车running-in在操作中（在运转中）on stream装载load up装罐（产品）run-down停车shut-down预防修理（小修）turn-around正常停车normal shutdown运转周期run length冲洗flushing喷射清洗jet cleaning化学清洗chemical cleaning大修overhaul盘车barring研磨lapping干燥dry out电干燥electric drying运转中检查（在线检查）on-stream inspection 在线维修on-stream maintenance生产保全productive maintenance间歇操作batch operation半间歇操作semi-batch operation连续操作continuous operation制备preparation补充make-up回收recovery再生regeneration循环recycle再循环recycle除焦decoking放空vent蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽真空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blowdown息火blow-out事故排放emergency vent安全放空conservation vent阻火器flame arrester防爆膜（爆破片）rupture disc安全泄气阀safety valve事故切断阀emergency valve过流防止阀excess flow valve排放阀discharge valve破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg锁开locked open锁关locked close铅封开（未经允许不得关闭）car sealed open 旁路by-pass操作管线on-stream line备用stand-by15.2 操作状态污染containation波动fluctuation操作稳定性operating stability溢流、液泛flooding沟流channeling停留时间(1) residence time(2) retention time滞留量hold up界面interface飞沫priming物沫夹带entrainment漏液weeping发泡foaming回火back-fire净正吸入压头NPSH回流reflux转化率conversion进料feed输入intake冷凝液condensate放净drain塔顶流出物overhead釜液bottoms饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam直接蒸汽live steam窒息蒸汽smothering steam鼻烟蒸汽snuffing steam雾化蒸汽atomizing steam16. 防火和环保16.1 消防设备水龙带fire hose水管接口water nozzle消防栓hydrant供水口siamese connection泡沫灭火剂foam空气泡沫发生器air foam chamber上升管过滤器riser strainer消防软管接口fire hose connection泡沫接口foam nozzle水枪monitor喷头head喷头、喷嘴spray水喷淋（罐顶）deluge水喷淋（罐壁）drencher洒水器sprinkler雾化fog水喷淋wateringCO2 灭火系统CO2extinguishing system灭火器fire extinguisher干粉灭火器dry chemical powder消防水泵fire pump稳压泵jockey pump消防车fire fighting trunk急救车、救护车ambulance car16.2 火灾报警设备自动火灾报警系统automatic fire alarm system 监视器detector发送器、变送器transmitter接收器receiver转送器(1) translater(2) repeater火灾监视区fire watching zone火灾检测区fire sensing zone漏电报警器leak alarm device16.3 其它防火设备阻火器flame arrester紧急切断阀emergency isolation valve安全（泄气）阀safety valve爆破片（膜）rupture disc联锁interlock防护堤dike防爆墙explosion proofing wall避雷器lightning arrester避难指示灯emergency directional light避难路标emergency directional indication航空标识灯(1) aircraft warning light(2) aircraft obstruction light静电保护protection of static electricity线桥bonding地耳earth lug气体检测器gas detector噪音累积器noise exposure meter16.4 电气防爆防爆结构explosion-protected construction增安型increased safety type隔爆型flameproof type本质安全型(1) intrinsically safe type(2) intrinsic safety type正压通风型pressurized type浸油型oil-immersed type特殊型special type允许温升时间permissible locked-rotor time本安回路intrisically safe circuit本安连接回路associated circuit of intrinsically safe system非本安回路non-intrinsically-safe circuit本安电器设备intrincally safe appratus安全栅barrier正压通风室pressurized room密封sealing防爆容器enclosure vessel16.5 危险场所、火灾、爆炸危险区(1) hazardous area(2) hazardous location爆炸气体环境危险区hazardous areas for explosive gas at6mosphere 粉尘危险区hazardous area for dust爆炸气体explosive gas粉尘dust危险源source of hazard爆炸等级explosion class引燃温度组别ignition group引燃点(1) ignition point(2) fire point闪点flash point爆炸极限(1) limit of explosion(2) explosive limits蒸汽密度vapor density点火源ignition source静电static electrification爆炸explosion气体爆炸gas explosion粉尘爆炸dust explosion蒸汽爆炸vapor explosion最小点火能minimum ignition energy自燃spontaneous ignition燃烧热heat of combustion燃烧波combustion wave火球fire ball一次灾害primary disaster二次灾害secondary disaster16.6 化学设备、危险物、有害物允许浓度acceptable concentrations缺氧want of oxygen听力下降hearing loss16.7 安全安全工程safety engineering人类工程学human engineering人机系统man-machine system定期维修preventive maintenance维修率maintainability利用率avaiability可靠性reliability持续性redundancy故障率failure rate故障分类failure mode故障间隔平均时间mean time between failures故障分类及影响分析failure mode and effect analysis故障树分析fault tree analysis安全性fault tree analysis减灾对策fail-safe 防止误差操作fool-proof 安全评价safety assessment 工业事故industrial accident 工业安全industrial safety 安全管理safety management 生产事故labor accident 人身伤害personal injury 事故统计accident statistics 事故费accident cost 伤害原因injury source 人生防护用具personal protective equipment 急救first aid 劳动环境labor environment 16.8 公害环境评估environmental assessment环境标准environmental standard大气污染air pollution水污染water pollution噪音noise土壤污染(1) soil containment(2) soil pollution地基下沉land subsidence。
化工厂常用术语英文表达(完整版)
化工厂常用术语英文表达1 管道组成件Piping component1.1 管子Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon steel pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢stainless steel pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube直管run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件Fitting弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow带支座弯头base elbowk半径弯头long radius elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180°弯头long radius return短半径180°弯头short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run)带支座三通base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45°斜三通45° lateral45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral (reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run)45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45° lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y”四通cross等径四通straight cross异径四通reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer锻制异径管reducing swage螺纹支管台threadolet焊接支管台weldolet承插支管台sockolet弯头支管台elbolet斜接支管台latrolet镶入式支管嘴sweepolet短管支管台nipolet支管台，插入式支管台boss管接头coupling, full coupling半管接头half coupling异径管接头reducing coupling活接头union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing管帽cap (C)堵头plug短节nipple异径短节reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管Bend预制弯管fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（^ 形）cross-over bend偏置弯管（~ 形）offset bend90°弯管quarter bend环形弯管cirele bend单侧偏置90°弯管（? 形）single offset quarter bendS形弯管“S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形）single offset “U” bendU形弯管“U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管mitre bend三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend折皱弯管corrugated bend圆度roundness1.4 法兰Flange (FLG）整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flange (LJF)对焊法兰welding neckflange (WNF)法兰盖blind flange, blind孔板法兰orifice flange异径法兰reducing flange盘座式法兰pad type flange松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰welding plate flange对焊环welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环welding-on collar突缘短节stub end, lap翻边端lapped pipe end松套板式法兰loose plate flange压力级pressure rating, pressure rating class压力—温度等级pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面flange facing突面raised face (RF)凸面male face (MF)凹面female face (FMF)榫面tongue face槽面groove face环连接面ring joint face全平面；满平面flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面smooth raised face (SRF)法兰面加工facing finish粗糙度roughness光滑的smooth齿形serrated均方根root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰companion-flange螺栓圆bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式type of gasket平垫片flat gasket环形平垫片flat ring gasket平金属垫片flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环inner ring外环，外定位环outer ring波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket金属包石棉平垫片flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket透镜式垫片lens gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasket1.6 Valve1.6.1 结构、零件阀轭yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS & Y)阀杆stem内螺纹inside screw (IS)阀轭套yoke sleeve阀杆环stem ring阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈seat ring整体（阀）座integral seat堆焊（阀）座deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim阀盘disc阀盘密封圈disc seat阀体body阀盖bonnet阀盖衬套bonnet bush螺纹阀帽screw cap螺纹阀盖screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封body stem seal石棉安全密封asbestos emenen seal倒密封back seal压力密封的阀盖pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器powered operator电动操纵器electric motor operator气动操纵器pneumatic operator液压操纵器hydraulic operator快速操纵器quick-acting operator滑动阀杆sliding stem正齿轮传动spur gear operated伞齿轮传动bevel gear operated扳手操作wrench operated链轮chain wheel手轮hand wheel手柄hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的cylinder operated链条操纵的chain operated等径孔道full bore; full port异径孔道reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型short pattern紧凑型（小型）compact type笼式环lantern ring压盖gland阀杆填料stem packing阀盖垫片bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆）rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器indicator/stopper注油器grease injector可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板solid wedge塞型plug gate valve直通型through conduit gate valve(2) globe valve球心型阀盘globe type disc塞型阀盘plug type disc可转动的阀盘swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀throttle valve针阀needle valve(4) 角阀angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体）Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) ball valve三通3-way ball valve装有底轴的trunnion mounted耐火型fire safe type浮动球型floating ball type防脱出阀杆blowout proof stem(7) butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型）wafer type凸耳式lug type偏心阀板offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘canted disc butterfly valve连杆式link butterfly valve8) piston type valve(9) plug valve三通three-way plug valve四通four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) check valve升降式lift check valve旋启式swing check valve, flap check valve落球式ball check valve弹簧球式spring ball check valve双板对夹式dual plate wafer type check valve无撞击声non-slam cheek valve底阀foot valve切断式stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式piston check valve斜翻盘tilting disc check valve蝶式butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀safety valve (SV)安全泄液阀relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and weight type引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valvesolenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽steam trap机械式疏水阎mechanical trap浮桶式open bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式float trap倒吊桶式inverted bucket trap自由浮球式loose float trap恒温式thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀）air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （用）平板式滑动slab type sliding gate valve盖阀flat valve换向阀diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve自动排液阀self-draining valve管道盲板阀line-blind valve挤压阀squeeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀breather valve风门、挡板damperpressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀control valve膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve执行机构actuator背压back pressure regulating valve差压differential pressure regulating valve压力比例pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀切断阀block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阔jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve多通路阀multiport valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand-operated valve; manually operated valve 锻造阀forged valve铸造阀cast valve（水）龙头bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀）bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose valve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve第一道阀；根部阀primary valve根部阀root valve总管阀header valve事故切断阀emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器strainerfilter临时粗滤器（锥型）temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器y-type strainerT型粗滤器T-type strainer永久permanent filter丝网粗滤器gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷嘴；喷头spray nozzle取样冷却器sample cooler消声器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint单波single bellow双波double bellow多波multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint球形补偿器ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头hose connection (HC)快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles补强板reinforcement pad特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel排液环drip ring排液漏斗drain funnel插板blank垫环spacer8字盲板spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板restriction orifice爆破片rupture disk法兰盖贴面protective disc费托立克接头victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接End Connection法兰端flanged end坡口端beveled end (BE)对焊端butt welded end平端plain end (PE)承插焊端socket welding end螺纹端threaded end (TE)承口bell end焊接端welding end法兰连接（接头）flanged joint对焊连接（接头）butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接（接头）socket welded joint承插连接（接头）bell and spigot joint环垫接头ring joint (RJ)万向接头universal joint软钎焊连接（接头）soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness法兰式的flanged (FLGD)对焊的butt welded (BW)螺纹的threaded (THD)承插焊的socket welded (SW)小端为平的small end plain (SEP)大端为平的large end plain (LEP)两端平both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹one end thread (OET)支管连接branch connection焊接支管branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓bolt六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓stud bolt环头螺检eye bolt沉头螺栓countersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓anchor bolt; foundation bolt 松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝）turnbuckle U形螺栓U-boltT形螺栓T-bolt圆头螺钉round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉maehine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓Jack screw自攻螺钉self tapping screw膨胀螺栓expansion bolt粗制的coarse精制的finished, fine螺母nut六角螺母hexagonal nut方螺母square nut蝶形螺母wing nut扁螺母flat nut锁紧螺母lock nut垫圈washer平垫圈plain washer球面垫圈spherical washer弹簧垫圈spring washer方垫圈square washer斜垫圈slant washer销轴pinned shan销pin开口销cotter pin定位销dowel pin带孔销pin with hole圆锥销taper pin铆钉rivet键key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹right hand thread管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread直管螺纹straight pipe thread梯形螺纹trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal碳素钢carbon steel (CS)低碳钢low-carbon steel中碳钢medium-carbon steel高碳钢high-carbon steel普通碳素钢general carbon steel优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢structural alloy steel合金钢alloy steel低合金钢low alloy steel中合金钢medium alloy steel高合金钢high alloy steel耐热钢heat resisting steel高强度钢high strength steel复合钢clad steel工具钢tool steel弹簧钢spring steel钼钢molybdenum steel镍钢nickel steel铬钢chromium steel铬钼钢chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴台金）Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy铬镍铁合金inconel耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy20合金20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢）Martin steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semi-killed steel沸腾钢rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢forged steel铸钢cast steel铸铁cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁grey cast iron可锻铸铁malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁pig iron熟铁，锻铁wrought iron铸件casting高硅铸铁high silicon cast iron3.1.2 镀层及制造方法渗铬钢，镀铬钢chromized steel镀铬的chromium-plated, chrome-plated镀层plating锻造，型钢swage锻造的，锻造forging轧制rolling热轧hot rolling冷轧cold rolling挤压extruding冷加工cold working热加工hot working拔制drawing3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal铝aluminum铜，紫铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze铝青铜aluminum bronze磷青铜phosphor bronze铝镁合金aluminum magnesium锰青铜manganese bronze蒙乃尔（注：镍及铜合金）Monel镍铜台金nickel copper alloy非铁合金nonferrous alloy钛titanium铅lead硬铅hard lead3.1.4 材料性能极限强度ultimate strength抗拉强度tensile strength屈服极限yield limit屈服点yield point延伸率percentage elongation抗压强度compressive strength抗弯强度bending strength弹性极限elastic limit冲击值impact value疲劳极限fatigue limit蠕变极限creep limit持久极限endurance limit布氏硬度Brinell hardness洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness维氏硬度Vickers diamond hardness, diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength断面收缩率reduction of area韧性toughess脆性brittleness延性ductility冷脆cold shortness冷流cold flow3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material塑料plastic丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯polyethylene (PE)聚氯乙烯polyvinyl chloride (PVC)苯乙烯橡胶styrene-rubber (SR)聚丁烯polybutylene (PB)聚丙烯polypropylene (PP)聚苯乙烯polystyrene (PS)氯化聚醚chlorinated polyether (CPE)聚酰胺polyamide (PA)聚碳酸酯polycarbonate (PC)聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)醋酸丁酸纤维素cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB)氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC)聚偏二氟乙烯polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)缩醛塑料acetal plastic尼龙塑料nylon plastic聚烯烃polyolefin (PO)石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics热塑性塑料thermoplastic热固性塑料thermosetting plastics胶粘剂adhesive溶剂胶接剂solvent cement树脂resin环氧树脂epoxy, epoxy resin聚酯树脂polyester resin聚酯纤维polyester fibers氟塑料fluoroplastics聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin脲醛树脂urea resin呋哺树脂furan resin乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)合成橡胶synthetic rubber橡胶rubber丁腈橡胶nitrile butadiene rubber氯丁橡胶neoprene天然橡胶natural rubber乙丙橡胶ethylene propylene rubber (EPR)玻璃glass硼硅玻璃borosilicate glass耐火砖fire brick陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel木材wood3.3 型材型钢shaped steel, section steel, swage角钢angle steel槽钢channel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beamT型钢T-bar方钢square bar扁钢flat bar角钢hexagonal steel bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel钢板plate网纹钢板checkered plate腹板（指型钢的立板）web翼缘（指型钢的缘）wing3.4 填料及填料函填料packing石棉绳asbestos rope, asbestos cord．O形环O-ring自密封self-sealing四氟带Teflon tap带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing金属填料metallic stuffing填料箱，填料函packing box, stuffing box填料函压盖stuffing box gland4 管道等级及材料统计4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification管道等级piping class; piping classification管道等级号class designation公称直径nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size公称压力nominal pressure (PN)压力级，等级，类别class (CL)低压low pressure (L.P.)中压medium pressure (M.P.)高压high pressure (H.P.)大气压atmosphere (ATM)真空vacuum工作压力operating pressure; working pressure设计压力design pressure工作温度operating temperature设计温度design temperature环境温度ambient temperature腐蚀裕量corrosion allowance管道附件piping attachment管道元件piping element壁厚wall thickness (WT)壁厚系列号schedule number (SCH. No.)加厚的，加强的extra heavy, extra strong双倍加厚的，双倍加强的double extra heavy, double extra strong通用连接组typieal installation分组（类）形式（如管道等级表）block form数据库data base文件file4.2 材料统计Material Take-off (MTO)汇总表summary sheet材料表bill of material (BM)综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheet (CPMSS) 统计材料准确度accuracy of take-off材料情况报告material status report (MSR)散装材料bulk material编位号的itemized代码code number短代码short code数量quantity (QTY)重力weight净重net weight毛重gross weight5 设备布置及管道布置Plot Plan and Piping Layout,Equipment and Piping Arrangement 5.1 设备名称Equipment Name5.1.1 容器Vessel(1) 塔tower, column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower蒸馏塔distillation tower再生塔regenering tower造粒塔prflling tower汽提塔stripper脱气塔degasifier合成塔synthesis tower(2) 反应器reactor聚台釜polymerizer转化器，变换器converter脱硫反应器desulphurization reactor甲烷化器methanator(3) 气柜gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder(4) 槽罐贮罐tank; storage tank缓冲罐knock out drum球罐spheroid, spherical tank罐drum接受槽receiver计量槽measuring tank加料槽feed tank排污罐blow down tank闪蒸罐flash drum汽包steam drum溶液贮槽solution storage tank地下槽sloptank(5) 其它设备分离器separator旋风分离器cyclone分子筛molecular sieve脱氧器deaerator搅拌器agitator干燥器dryer混合器mixer萃取器extractor结晶器crystallizer澄清器gravity settler净化器purifier气化器vaporizer吸附器adsorber融解槽melter减温器desuperheater升压器booster喷射器ejector喷头sprayer火炬flare消声器silencer(6) 换热器、加热器、冷却器换热器heat exchanger空冷器air cooler水冷却器water cooler冷凝器condenser螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger 蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler急冷器quencher深冷器chiller预热器preheater再热器reheater加热器heater电加热器electric heater过热器super heater给水加热器feed water heater中间冷却器inter cooler后冷却器after cooler5.1.2 工业炉及锅炉炉子furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler烟囱stack废热锅炉waste heat boiler辅助锅炉auxiliary boiler省煤器economizer回热炉direct-fired heater辐射段radiant section对流段convection section裂化炉reformer焚烧炉incinerator回转窑rotary kiln炉管furnace tube吹灰器soot blower观察孔observation door, peep door防爆门explosion doo5.2 辅助用房名称5.2.1 生产用房分析室analyzer room变压器室transformer room配电室，变电所substation, switch room蓄电池室battery room控制室control room通风室ventilating room贮藏室storage room维修间maintenance room办公室office5.2.2 生活用房更农室locker room盥洗室，厕所closet, lavatory, toilet5.3 图名管道布置平面piping arrangement plan (PAP)管道布置piping layout轴测图isometric drawing分区索引图key plan初版设备布置图（“A”版）preliminary plot plan ( “A” issue)内部审查版设备布置图（“B”版）inrernal approval plot plan ( “B” issue)用户审查版设备布置图（“C”版) owner approval plot plan ( “C” issue)确认版设备布置图（“D”版）confirm plot plan ( “D” issue)研究版设备布置图（“e”版）planning plot plan ( “E” issue)设计版设备布置图（“F”）designing plot plan ( “F” issue)施工版设备布置图（“G”版）construction plot plan ( “G” issue)5.4 厂房、站、单元压缩机房compressor house (room)泵房pump house (room)洗眼站eye washer station泡沫站foam station软管站，公用工程站hose station (HS), utility station成套设备package unit设施facilities罐区tank yard空分装置air separation facility5.5 设备布置设备位号equipment item number工厂plant工厂区界plant limit项目区界内侧inside battery limit (I.S.B.L.) 项目区界batterylimit (BL)区界area limit区域边界zone iimit界外off site东east (E)西west (W)南south (S)北north (N)上up下down工厂北向plant north真实北向true north道路road小过道cat walk, cat way走道，过道walk way, gangway, access way 污水坑（井）sump pit集水池catch basin沟槽through预留区trough场地future area铺砌区paving area非铺砌区unpaved area碎石铺面gravel paving橡皮铺面rubber paving面积，区域area体积，容积volume (VOL)5.6 管道布置管道设计piping design管道研究piping study走向研究routing study重要管道critical piping地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管网network of pipes管廊pipe rack管沟piping trench管间距line spacing管道跨距line span总管header, manifold旁路by pass排液drain放空vent上升管，垂直管riser导管canduit裸管bare iine管件直接fitting to fitting (FTF)管段，接口spool piece, spool取样接口sampling connection集液包drip leg伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line, jacketed piping全夹套的full jacketed平面plan详图detail“ ”视图X view “X”“ ”剖视A-A section “A-A”连接图hook up drawing接续图continue on drawing (COD)接续线match line (M.L.)比例scale图例legend符号symbol管口表list of nozzles方位orientation管口方位nozzle orientation定位location相交intersection水平的horizontal垂直的，立式的vertical垂直，正交，垂直的perpendicular平行，平行的parallel水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installafion对称的symmetric相反（的），对面（的）opposite顺时针方向clock wise逆时针方向counter clock wise计算机辅助设计computer aided design (CAD)5.7 图面标注绝对标高abselute elevation海平面标高over-sea mean level (OSL)标高，立面elevation (EL)混凝土顶面top of concrete架顶面top of support (TOS)钢结构顶面top of steel梁项面top of beam (TOB)支撑点point of suppon (POS)管顶top of pipe (TOP)管底bouom of pipe (BOP)沟底boaom of trench管子内底invert (inside bottom of pipe)底平flat on bottom (FOB)顶平flat on top (FOT)工作点working point (W.P.)面至面face to face (F-F)中心至端面center to end (C-E)中心至面center to face (C-F)中心至中心，中至中center to center (C-C) 坐标coordinate坐标原点origin of coordinate出口中心线center line of discharge入口中心线center line of suction中心线centerline (CL)入口inlet, suction出口outlet, discharge排出口exhaust距离distance5.8 相关专业的专业词汇5.8.1 工艺(1) 图及表流程图flow diagram工艺流程图process flow diagram (PFD)管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument flow diagram (PID)公用工程流程图utility flow diagram (UFD) 管线表line list; line schedule命名表；管道表nomenclature设备表equipment list (schedule)(2) 流体fluid空气air仪表空气instrument air工艺空气process air低压蒸汽low pressure steam中压蒸汽medium pressure steam高压蒸汽high pressure steam伴热蒸汽tracing steam饱和蒸汽saturated steam过热蒸汽superheated steam氧气oxygen氢气hydrogen氮气nitrogen燃料气fuel gas天然气natural gas火炬气flare gas酸性气sour gas液化石油气liquefired petroleum gas (LPG) 氨气ammonia gas冷却水cooling循环水circulating water锅炉给水boiler feed water热水hot water蒸汽冷凝水steam condensate盐水brine工艺水process water化学污水chemical sewage防腐剂corrosion inhibitor重油heavy oil石脑油naphtha燃料油fuel oil润滑油lubricating oil密封油sealing oil冷冻剂refrigerant载热体heating medium溶剂solvent溶液solution母液mother liquor单体monomer聚合物polymer均聚物homopolymer共聚物copolymer工艺液体process liquid工艺气体process gas硫酸sulphuric acid盐酸chlorhydric acid硝酸nitric acid烧碱caustic soda(3) 流体特性fluid characteristics蒸汽压vapor pressure临界温度critical temperature临界点critical point临界压力critical pressure比热specific heat湿度humidity密度density比重specific gravity粘度viscosity闪点flash point融点melting point凝固点freezing point浓度concentration爆炸极限limit of explosion有毒的toxic可燃的；易燃的flammable(4) 其它回收recovery再生regeneration循环cireulatlon再循环；再生recycle补充make-up制备preparation蒸汽吹扫steaming out吹扫purge抽空；排空evacuation吹出blow-off排污blow down破真空vacuum breaker大气腿barometric leg备用stand-by化学清洗chemical cleaning净正吸入压头net positive suction head (NPSH) 进料feed成品product污染contamination大气污染atmospheric pollution环境温度ambient temperature5.8.2 建筑、结构建筑物building钢结构steel structure已有钢结构existing steel structure钢筋混凝土结构reinforced concrete construction楼面floor平台platform (PF)地面ground level栏杆handrail楼梯stair; stair way直梯ladder柱column; post; stanchion基础foundation; footing粱beam斜撑；支撑bracing桁架；主粱girder构件member隔墙partition wall墙wall篦子板grate; grating吊装孔erection opening吊梁hoisting beam棚shelter窗window天窗skylight门door防火门fire door地漏floor drain防火层fire-proofing总图general plot plan路肩shoulder桩pile灌浆grouting风荷载wind load雪荷载snow load动力荷载dynamic load静荷载dead load活荷载live load风速wind velocity主导风向most frequent wind direction5.8.3 仪表盘（操作盘）panel就地盘local panel仪表盘instrument panel常开normally open常闭normally closed电缆槽（架）cable tray (channel); cable rack 仪表电缆槽（架）instrument cable tray (duct) 压力计manometer; pressure gauge热电偶thermocouple温度计thermometer液位计level gauge玻璃液位计gage glass温度计保护管thermowell流量计flow meter孔板orifice变送器transmitter联锁interlock仪器；设备apparatus仪器分析instrumental analysis自动分析automatic analysis气体分析gas analysis化学分析chemical analysis气相色谱仪gas chromatograph液相色谱仪liquid chromatograph质谱分析mass spectrometric analysis 5.8.4 电气危险区划分hazardous area classification 危险区平面图hazardous area plan电气盘electrical panel配电盘switch board电缆沟cable trench电流current直流direct current交流alternating current频率frequency相位phase功率因数power factor电压voltage电阻resistance电容capacitance静电static electricity接地grounding; easthing照明lighting; illumination避雷针lightning preventer电话telephone电线wire接线箱（盒）junction box导线管conduit tube5.8.5 设备固定鞍座fixed saddle滑动鞍座sliding saddle管口nozzle人孔manhole (MH)手孔handhole (HH)检查孔inspection hole吊柱davit切线tangent line焊接线weldingiine件号part humbet椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head加强圈reinforcing ring接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug气缸cylinder轴shaft轴承bearing附件，附属设备accessory编位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 5.8.6 水道(1) 流体原水raw water硬水hard water软水soft water饮用水potable water循环冷却水给水cooling water supply 循环冷却水回水cooling water return 脱盐水demineralized water苦咸水（碱性水）brackish water生活污水sanitary sewer工业废水industrial waste water雨水rain water污染雨水contaminated rain water消防水fire water(2) 装置、设施软化装置softener沉淀器settler沉淀池clarifier脱盐装置demineralizer水处理water traatment冷却塔cooling tower中和池neutralization tank化粪池septic tank渗滤井soak-away pit井well阀井valve pit清扫口clean out（3）消防消火栓hydrant水炮water monitor洒水器sprinkler水喷淋watering灭火器fire extinguisher消防水泵fire pump消防车fire fighting truck泡沫消防foam fire-fighting泡沫栓foam hydrant泡沫炮foam monitor消防软管接头fire hose connection6 管道支吊架Pipe Supports and Hangers 6.1 管架零部件Attachment of Support 管托shoe管卡clampU形夹（卡）clevis锻制U形夹forged steel clevis支耳；吊耳lug; ear耳轴trunnion止动挡块shear lug托座stool托架cradle带状卡strap clamp夹板，导向板cleat可调夹板adjustable cleat角板；连接板gusset筋；肋rib支承环ring加强板stiffiener底板base plate顶板top plate翅片式导向板fin预埋件embedded part; inserted plate垫板（安装垫平用）shim锚固件；生根件clip预焊件(设备上) clip (on equipment)聚四氟乙烯滑动板PTFE sliding plate连接板tie plate连接杆tie rod限制杆limit rod带环头拉杆eye rod。
化工设备常用词汇中英文对照复习进程
化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double action reciprocating pump 计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble pump螺杆泵screw (spiral pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump圭寸闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump 轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator 混合器mixer 静态混合器static mixers 管道混合器line mixers 混合槽mixing tanks 破碎机crusher 磨碎机grinder 研磨机pulverizer 球磨机ballmill 过滤器filter 分离器separator 干燥器drier 翅片fins 烟囱stack 火炬flare 筛子screen 煅烧窑calciner 倾析器decanter再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator 洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor^心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compresso固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchange萃取塔extraction column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories 液体分配（布器liquid distributor 填料支持板support plate 定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶（底层塔盘top （bottom tray 挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tank 球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacuum drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier 喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher 锤式破碎机hammer crusher 冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker 气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer 棍磨机rod mill 雷蒙机raymond mill 锤磨机hammer mill 辊磨机roller mill 振动筛vibrating screen 回转筛rotary screen 风机fan 罗茨鼓风机root's blower 起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane 电动葫芦motor hoist 发电机generator 电动机motor汽轮机steam turbine。
火电厂常用专业词汇-中英文
Vocabulary on Power Generation(Thermal Power Plant)火电厂常用专业词汇（本人根据自身工作经验总结、归纳，希望对您有所帮助）1. stop valve/non-return valve(NRV)/check valve 截止阀；逆止阀, 单向阀2. reverse valve 倒流阀3. cylinder holding 闷缸4. (cylinder)heat soaking 暖缸5. boiler hot boxup 闷炉6. boiler warm-up 暖炉7. axial thrust/stress 轴向推力8. axial shift/displacement 轴向位移9. radial displacement 径向位移10. emergency stop valve(ESV) 危急遮断阀11. steam lead pipe 导汽管12. valve body/casing 阀体，阀壳13. synchronization (with power grid) 并网14. inlet shut-off valve 进油关断阀15. flame scanner/detector 火检16. scanner fan 火检风机17. BCP: Boiler Circulation Pump 炉水循环泵18. slag remover 除渣机19. slag conveyor 捞渣机20. rotary vane feeder(RVF) 螺旋输送机（除灰站）21. ECS：electric control system 电气控制系统22. ETS: emergency trip system 汽机紧急跳闸系统23. hydraulic station 液压油站24. vent/ventilation valve(V.V) 排气阀、通风阀25. ESP : Electro-Static Precipitator 静电除尘器；电除尘26. dedust transformer 电除尘变27. control valve 调阀、调门28. pilot/slide valve 滑阀29. steam header 集汽联箱30. water filling （锅炉等）上水31. bearing pillow 瓦枕32. bush 轴瓦33. forward/positive reverse/negative thrust bearing 正/负向推力轴承（瓦块）34. atmospheric/top relief valve 对空排气阀35. exhaust(gas) fan, oil vapor exhaust fan OVEF 排烟风机36. operating transformer/O.X/OPER._.FMR 工作边37. FGD: Flue Gas Desulphurization(desulfurize/ desulphurize) 烟气脱硫38. anion 阴离子39. cation 阳离子40. anion/cation bed/exchanger 阴、阳离子交换器；阴床、阳床41. cathode阴极42. anode 阳极43. cathode axis 阴极磁轴44. caustic/acid storage tank 碱储存罐，酸储存罐45. resin dosing hopper 树脂加装斗46. CRT, cation resin regeneration tank and water storage tank阳塔, 阴（树脂）再生罐兼储水罐ART, anion resin regeneration tank 阴塔，阴（树脂）再生罐SPT, resin separation tank（树脂再生）分离塔47. MEH: micro-hydraulic control 微机电液控制48. TSI: turbine supervision instrument 汽机监视仪表49. chemical dosing 化学加药50. back wash 反洗51. AGC: Automatic Gain Control 自动增益控制Automatic Generation Control 自动发电控制（一般取此义）52. ATC: Automatic Turbine Startup or Shutdown Control System 汽机自启停系统53. BPS: Bypass Control System 旁路控制系统54. CCS: Coordination Control System 单元机组协调控制系统55. DAS : Data Acquisition System 数据采集系统56. DCS: Distributed Control System 分散控制系统57. DEH: Digital Electro-Hydraulic Control （汽机）数字电液控制系统58. ETS: Emergency Trip System （汽机）事故跳闸系统59. FSSS: Furnace Safety Supervisory System 锅炉炉膛安全监控系统60. MCS: Modulation Control System 模拟量控制系统61. MFT: Master Fuel Trip 主燃料跳闸62. OFT: Oil Fuel Trip 油燃料跳闸63. OPC: Over-Speed Control （汽机）超速保护控制64. SCADA: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition 监控与数据采集系统65. SCS: Sequence Control System 顺序控制系统66. TSI: Turbine Supervisory Instrument （汽机）监视仪表67. jacking oil pump 顶轴油泵68. OEM: Original Equipment Manufacturer 设备原产商；厂代、工代69. installed capacity 装机容量70. thermal stress 热应力71. main valve of desuperheating/spray water 减温水总门72. TD-BFP/MD-BFP: Turbine-Driven/Motor-Driven Boiler Feedwater Pump汽动给水泵、汽泵；电动给水泵、电泵73. emergency governor 危急保安器74. auxiliary power system 厂用电系统75. PCV: pressure control valve 压力控制阀76. MCC: motor control center 电机控制中心77. walkie-talkie 对讲机；步话机78. mis-operation 误操作79. shift-in-charge/shift chief-operator 值长80. SCE: shift chief engineer 当值总工程师81. meet/satisfy a condition 满足条件82. supervisor 运行监护人员83. field operator 巡操84. operation/operating floor 运转层85. operation log 运行日志86. force(certain value) 强制（某个数值，如温度、压力等）87. take/put into/in service/operation 投运、投用88. reading （仪表等的）读数89. signal is extended/connected to DCS 信号传至DCS90. work permit/permit to work 工作票91. operation checklist 操作票92. bearing burnt-out 轴承烧坏93. emulsion 乳化94. anti-emulsification time 破乳化时间95. servo valve/motor 伺服阀；伺服电机96. hydraulic servomotor; oil relay 油动机97. HP/LP bypass 高压旁路、低压旁路98. PAC 临时完工证书99. EPC: engineering-procurement-c onstruction “设计-采购-安装”总承包工程100. d efect maintenance/rectification；rectifying defect/remove defect 消缺101. a ttend 处理故障、缺陷等102. d efect register 缺陷登记/统计103. periodic maintenance 定期维修104. preventive maintenance(PM)预防性维修105. coupling/coupler 联轴器，耦合器106. hydraulic coupler 液耦107. speed reducer 减速器108. dismantle 拆除109. install, installation; erect, erection 安装110. boxup 在印度TPCIL常用来表示某项工作已经完成，封闭111. operator console 控制台112. AHP: ash handling plant 除灰站，输灰站113. GIS: gas insulated switchgear 气体绝缘开关设备；升压站114. CHP：coal handling plant 输煤站115. WTP：water treatment plant 制水站116. rubber ball circulating pump 胶球（再循环）泵117. ball cleaning system; condenser online tube cleaning system 凝汽器胶球清洗系统118. ball screen 收球网119. ball collector 收球器120. condenser online tube leakage system 凝汽器检漏系统121. clarifying basin 澄清池122. settled water 澄清水123. blow-down flash tank 排污扩容器124. condensate extraction pump(CEP) 凝结水泵，凝泵125. VFD: Variable-Frequency Drive 变频器126. valve opening 阀门开度127. (water)intake pipe 进水管128. skilled worker 熟练工人；技工129. inter-lock/open/close 联锁、开、关130. Interlock protection 联锁保护131. air/steam supply 气源，汽源132. power(supply) 电源，供电133. grease n. 油脂；润滑脂v.给……上油脂134. calcium complex grease 复合钙基脂135. operating mode 运行方式136. screw pump 螺旋泵137. oil return 回油138. ash/oil deposits/accumulation 积灰；积油139. gland steam condenser 轴封加热器140. ash hopper heater 灰斗加热器141. collecting electrode rapping mechanism(CERM) 阳极振打装置142. emitting electrode rapping mechanism (EERM) 阴极振打装置143. booster pump 前置泵；增压泵144. minimum flow valve 最小流量控制阀145. drain flash tank 疏水扩容器146. vacuum pulling 抽真空147. valve block 阀组148. valve seat 阀座149. valve stem 阀杆150. valve wide open condition(VWO) (condition) 阀门全开工况151. valve packing 阀门盘根152. valve travel 阀门行程153. governing/control stage 调节级154. primary/final reheater; CRH/HRH 冷再；热再155. rolling(up) 冲转156. swinging value 晃动值157. eccentricity 偏心率，晃动度158. vibration amplitude 振动值159. high vibration 振动大160. differential expansion 胀差161. cylinder expansion 缸胀162. MSP（汽机）启动油泵163. EOP（汽机）事故油泵164. TOP（汽机）辅助润滑油泵165. motor-operated valve(MOV) 电动阀，电动门166. increased/decreased load ratio 升/降负荷率167. loading rate 升负荷速度，升荷率168. pressure rise; raise/increase pressure 升压169. runup rate 升速率170. speed up/accelerate 升速171. run up（RU）; run down(RD) 升负荷；降负荷172. fast cut back（FCB）快速切负荷173. run back（RB）快速减负荷174. block increase/decrease 闭锁增BI；闭锁减BD175. idle running 惰走，空转176. carbon brush 碳刷177. latch （汽机手动）打闸（停机），挂闸178. full speed 全速179. tightness/leakage test 严密性试验180. worm wheel 涡轮181. neutral earthing/ground neutral system 中性点接地系统182. grounding switch; earthing blade 接地刀闸183. auto quasi-synchronization 自动准同期184. AVR: automatic voltage regulator 自动电压调节器185. raising voltage from zero 零起升压（试验）186. no-load 空载187. negative phase sequence 负（相）序188. temperature rise test 温升试验189. water discharge pipe/pump 排水管/泵190. superheat degree 过热度191. AVT: all volatile treatment 全挥发性处理192. NWT: neutral water treatment 中性处理193. CWT: combined water treatment 综合处理194. sliding pressure 滑压195. self-sealing 自密封196. vacuum leakage test 真空严密性试验197. permissible/allowable error 允许误差198. deviation 误差，偏差199. tolerance 公差200. cleanrance间隙201. standard deviation STDV标准差202. hysterisis error 回程误差203. discontinuous running 间断运行204. hydraulic shock 水击205. auxiliary steam header/tank 辅汽联箱206. isolate/isolating valve 隔离阀207. be below standard; unqualified 不合格208. television camera of furnace flame 炉膛火焰电视摄像头209. flue gas duct 烟道210. air duct风道211. slagging, slag 结焦212. fouling 结垢213. clinker; slag 结渣214. clinker grinder 碎渣机215. feed gate 排渣门216. closed-circuit television(CCTV) 闭路电视217. 交流电AC 火线live，红色R；零线neutral ，蓝色B；接地线earthing，黄色Y或绿色直流电DC 正极positive + 红色线；负极negative - 黑色线218. Boiler Feedwater Pump Turbine(BFPT)219. screwdriver 螺丝刀，起子; slot type screwdriver一字/平口螺丝刀;Philips/cross screwdriver 十字螺丝刀220. screw 螺丝221. screw rod 螺杆222. bolts and nuts 螺栓螺帽223. pincers;vise, vice 老虎钳224. wrench 扳手225. anti-static 防静电226. megger 摇表，兆欧表227. meggering 绝缘测量228. redundancy 冗余229. banking fire 锅炉压火230. full arc admission 全周进汽231. welding seam 焊缝232. coagulant凝聚剂，混凝剂233. target load 目标负荷234. enthalpy 焓，音含；物理学上指单位质量的物质所含的全部热能。
工业专业专用术语英文词汇
工学专业名称英语力学Mechanics一般力学与力学基础General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学Solid Mechanics流体力学Fluid Mechanics工程力学Engineering Mechanics机械工程Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化Mechanical Manufacture and Automation机械电子工程Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程Vehicle Engineering光学工程Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学Materialogy材料加工工程Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理Power Engineering and Engineering Thermophysics工程热物理Engineering Thermophysics热能工程Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械Chemical Process Equipment电气工程Electrical Engineering电机与电器Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术High V oltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术Theory and New Technology of Electrical Engineering电子科学与技术Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学Physical Electronics电路与系统Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理Signal and Information Processing945控制科学与工程Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术Computer Applied Technology建筑学Architecture建筑历史与理论Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计(含风景园林规划与设计) Urban Planning and Design (includingLandscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学Building Technology Science土木工程Civil Engineering岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering结构工程Structural Engineering市政工程Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and AirConditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering andProtective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程Chemical Engineering化学工艺Chemical Technology生物化工Biochemical Engineering应用化学Applied Chemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术Geodetection and Information Technology946矿业工程Mineral Engineering采矿工程Mining Engineering矿物加工工程Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程Sugar Engineering发酵工程Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering Control交通运输规划与管理Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造Design and Construction of Naval Architecture andOcean Structure轮机工程Marine Engine Engineering水声工程Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition军事化学与烟火技术Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护Radiation and Environmental Protection947农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy农业电气化与自动化Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程Forestry Engineering森林工程Forest Engineering木材科学与技术Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学Environmental Science环境工程Environmental Engineering生物医学工程Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程Food Science and Engineering食品科学Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products948。
化工设备常用词汇和缩写中英文对照(个人整理,分类)
化工设备常用词汇和缩写中英文对照缩写/ 英文/中文AB Anchor Bolt 地脚螺栓Abs Absolute 绝对的Abs Abstract 文摘、摘要A/C Account 帐、帐目AC Alternating Current 交流电Add Addendum 补充、补遗、附录ADL Acceptable Defect Level 允许的缺陷标准Adpt Adapter 连接器、接头AE Absolute Error 绝对误差AET Acoustic Emission Examination 声发射检验AISC American Institute of Steel Construction 美国钢结构学会AISI American Iron and Steel Institute 美国钢铁学会AL Aluminium 铝Alk Alkaline 碱的、强碱的ALM Alarm 报警Alt Alternate 交流、改变Amb Ambient 周围的Amt Amount 数量、金额Anh Anhydrous 无水的ANSI American National Standard Institute 美国国家标准学会API American Petroleum Institute 美国石油学会App Apparatus 设备App Appendix 附录、补遗Appl Applied 应用的Appl Applicable 适当的、合适的Approx Approximate 大约、近似Appx Appendix 附录、附件Arrgt Arrangement 布置AS Alloy steel 合金钢Asb Asbestos 石棉ASL Above Sea Level 海拔高度ASM American Society for Metals 美国金属学会ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers 美国机械工程师学会Assem Assembly 装配ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials 美国材料试验学会Atm Atmosphere 大气atm Atmosphere pressure 大气压Auto Automatic 自动Aux Auxiliary 辅助设备、辅助的Avail Available 有效的、可用的Avg Average 平均AW Arc welding 电弧焊AW Automatic Welding 自动焊A.W.G. American Wire Gauge 美国线规AWS(AWI) American Welding Society(Institute) 美国焊接学会BAB Babbitt Metal 巴氏合金Baf Baffle 折流板、缓冲板BB Ball Bearing 滚珠轴承BC Between Centers 中心距、轴间距BC Bolt circle 螺栓中心圆BD Blow down 放空、放料BEDD Basic engineering design data 基础工程设计数据Bet Between 在…之间Bev Bevel 斜角、坡口BF Back face 背面、反面BF Blind flange 法兰盖（盲法兰）BHN Brinell hardness number 布氏硬度值BL Battery Limit 界区BL Battery Line 界区线B/L Bill of Loading 载荷数据表Bld Blind 盲板Blk Black 黑色Blk Blank 空白BM Bench Mark 基准标志BM Bending Moment 弯矩B/M (BOM) Bill of Material 材料表Bot Bottom 底BP Back Pressure 背压BP Base plate 底板BR Basic Requirements 基本要求BRG Bearing 轴承BRKT Bracket 支架Brs Brass 黄铜BS Both Side 两边BS British Standard 英国标准BS Balance Sheet 平衡表Bskt Basket 筐BTU British Thermal Unit 英国热量单位BV Back View 后视图BV Butterfly Valve 碟阀BW Brine Vater 冷冻盐水BW Butt Welding 对焊BWG Birmingham Wire Gauge 伯明翰线规BWRA. British Welding Research Association 英国焊接研究协会C Centigrade(degree) 摄氏度数CA Chemical Analysis 化学分析CA Corrosion Allowance 腐蚀裕量Calc Calculate 计算Cap Capacity 能力、容量CAS Cast Alloy Steel 铸造合金钢Cat Catalyst 触媒、催化剂Catg Catalog 目录、样本C-C(C/C) Center to center 中心距cc carbon copy 复写（纸复制）本cc cubic centimeter 立方厘米CCW Counter clockwise 反时针方向CD Cold Drawn 冷拉的、冷拔的CE Covered Electrode 焊条Cent Centrifugal 离心的CF Centrifugal Force 离心力CFW Continuous Fillet Weld 连续角焊缝CG Center of Gravity 重心CH Case-Hardening 表面硬化Ch Chapter 章节Cham Chamfer 倒角、斜角、斜面Chan Channel 通道、沟槽、管箱、槽钢Chk Check 检查CI Cast Iron 铸铁CIF Cost，Insurance and Freight 到岸价格Circ Circumference 圆周、环向CL Class 等级、类别CL Center Line 中心线CL Clearance 间隙CLAS Cast Low Alloy Steel 低合金铸钢CM Center of Mass 质量中心Cnds Condensate 冷凝液CO Clean Out 清除Co Company 公司Coef Coefficient 系数Col Column 柱、塔Comb Combination 组合Comp Compare 比较Comp Compound 化合物、复合的Compn Composition 组分Conc Concrete 混凝土Conc Concentration 浓度Cond Conductor 导体Cond Condition 条件Conn Connection 联接、接口Const Constant 常数、恒定的Const Construction 结构Cont Control 控制Cont Contain 包含Cont Content 内容、含量Corp Corporation 公司Corr Corrosion 腐蚀CP Centipoise 厘泊CP Center of Pressure 压力中心Cpl Coupling 管箍Cplg Coupling 联轴节CR Chloroprene Rubber 氯丁橡胶CS Carbon Steel 碳钢CS Center Section 中心截面CSTG Casting 铸造、铸件Ctr Center 中心CW Cooling Water 冷却水CW Continuous Welding 连续焊Cy Cycle 循环Cyl Cylinder 气缸、圆筒D Density 密度Dbl Double 二倍、双DEDD Detail Engineering Design Data 详细工程设计数据Def Definition 定义Deg Degree 度、等级Dept Department 部门Des Design 设计Det Detail 详细Detn Determination 确定、决定Dev Deviation 偏差Dev Device 装置DF Design Formula 设计公式Df Deflection 偏斜Dia Diameter 直径Diag Diagram 图Dim Dimension 尺寸Dir Direction 方向Disch Discharge 排出、出口Distr Distribution 分布Div Division 部分、区分DL Dead load 静载荷、自重Doc Document 文件、资料DP Design Pressure 设计压力DP Differential Pressure 压差、分压Dr Drill 钻孔Dr Drive 驱动DW Dead weight 静重、自重DW Demineralized Water 脱盐水Dwg Drawing 图E East 东EC Elasticity Coefficient 弹性系数Ecc Eccentric 偏心EF Electric Furnace 电炉Eff Efficiency 效率eg exempli gratia 例如EHP Effective Horsepower 有效功率EJ Expansion joint 膨胀节EL Elevation 标高Elb Elbow 弯头Elec Electric 电的Elem Element 元素、元件Ellip Ellipsoidal 椭球的、椭圆的Emer、Emerg Emergency 事故、紧急Encl Enclosure 密封、封闭Engrg、Eng Engineering 工程、设计EP Explosion Proof 防爆Eq Equipment 设备Eq Equation 公式、方程式Eq Equivalent 当量ES Electrostatic 静电EST Estimate 估计ESW Electro-Slag Welding 电渣焊ET Eddy Current Examination 涡流检验etc et cetera (and so on) 等等Evap Evaporate 蒸发Ex Example 例如Ex Excess 过剩、超过Exam Examination 检验Exh Exhaust 废气、排气Exp Expansion 膨胀Exptl Experimental 实验的Ext External 外部Ext Extreme 极端的FAO Finish All Over 全部加工FAX Facsimile 传真FB Flat Bar 扁钢FCAW Flux Cored Arc Welding 熔剂芯弧焊（手工焊）Fdn Foundation 基础FDW Feed Water 给水FF Flat Face 平面F/F Field Fabricated 现场制造Fig Figure 图Fin Finish 加工、完成FL Full Load 满载Flex Flexible 挠性Flg Flange 法兰FOB Free On Board 离岸价格FOC Free Of Charge 免费Forg Forging 锻件FOS Factor Of Safety 安全系数FREQ Frequency 频率FST Forged Steel 锻钢Ft Feet 英尺Ftg Fitting 管件、装配F.V. Full Vacuum 全真空FW Fresh Water 新鲜水FW Field Weld 现场焊接FW Fillet Weld 角焊缝GA General Average 平均值Gal Gallon 加仑Gen General 一般、总的Genr Generator 发电机、发生器GF Groove Face 槽面Gl Glass 玻璃GL Ground Level 地面标高GMAW Gas Metal Arc Welding 气体保护金属极电弧焊Gnd Ground 接地、地面Govt Government 政府GP General Purpose 一般用途、通用Gr Grade 等级Gr Gravity 重力Grd Ground 地面Grp Group 分组、类Gr- wt Gross weight 总重、毛重HB Brinell Hardness 布氏硬度HC Hydrocarbon 烃类HC High Capacity 大容量HD Head 压头Hex Hexagon 六角HH Hand Hole 手孔Hor Horizontal 水平、卧式hp Horsepower 马力HP High Pressure 高压HR Rockwell Hardness 洛氏硬度HR(hr) Hour 小时HRC Rockwell C Hardness C级洛氏硬度HS High Pressure Steam 高压蒸汽HS Shore Scleroscope Hardness 肖氏硬度HSC High Pressure Condensate 高压蒸汽凝液HT High Temperature 高温HT Heat Treatment 热处理HT Hydrostatic Test 水压试验HV Vickers Hardness 维氏硬度Hvy Heavy 重的、重型的HW Hot Water 热水ICW Inter Cooling Water 中间冷却水ID Inside Diameter 内径IF Interface 交接面Illus Illustration 说明、图解IN Inlet 进口in Inch 英寸incl Including 包括Ind Indicate 指示Ins Insulation 保温INSP Inspection 检验Instl Installation 安装Int Internal 内部的Int Intermediate 中间的Intmt Intermittent 间歇的、间断的I/O Input/Output 输入/输出Jt Joint 连接、接头KG Kilogram 公斤KW(kw) Kilowatt 千瓦LAS Low Alloy Steel 低合金钢lb pound 磅LC Level Control 液位控制器Leng Length 长度LF Female Face 凹面Lg Long 长的LG Level Glass 液位计LH Left Hand 左手Lin Linear 线性的Liq Liquid 液体Lj Lap joint 搭接LJ Lapped Joint 松套LM Male Face 凸面LMTD Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference 对数平均温差LN Liquid Nitrogen 液氮LN Level Normal 正常液位Lng Lining 衬里LNG Liquefied Natural Gas 液化天然气Lo Lubrication oil 润滑油Lo Low 低LOA Length Over-All 全长\总长LOC Location 位置Log Logarithm(to the base 10) 对数（以10为底）Long Longitudinal 纵向LP Low Pressure 低压LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas 液化石油气LT Low Temperature 低温LT Leak Testing 气密试验Ltd Limited 有限Ltr Letter 字母、信Lub Lubricate 润滑LW Lap Welding 搭接焊LWN Long Welding Neck 对焊长颈LWS Longitudinal Welded Seam 纵向焊缝M(m) Meter 米、公尺Mach Machine 机器Maint Maintenance 维修Mat(Mat’l) Material 材料MAWP Maximum Allowable Working Pressure 最大允许工作压力Max Maximum 最大MDMT Min. Design Metallic Temperature 最低设计金属温度Mech Mechanical 机械的Mfd Manufactured 制造的Mfr Manufacturer 制造商MG(mg) Milligram 毫克MH Manhole 人孔MI Melt Index 熔融指数MIG Metal Inert Gas Arc Welding 熔化极惰性气体保护焊Min Minimum 最小MIN(min) Minute 分钟MJG Metallic Jacketed Gasket 金属包复垫片Mk Mark 标志ml Milliliter 毫升mm Millimeter 毫米MP Medium Pressure 中压MPC Maximum Permissible Concentration 最大许用浓度MS Medium Pressure Steam 中压蒸汽MS Medium Steel 中碳钢MSL Mean Sea Level 平均海平面MT Magnetic Particle Examination 磁粉检测MTD Mean Temperature Difference 平均温差Mtd Mounted 安装、装配MTR Material Testing Report 材料试验报告MU Measurement Unit 测量单位MV Mean Value 平均值MW Mineral Wool 矿渣棉N North 北NA Not Applicable 不适用的NAT Natural 天然的Natl National 国家的NC America National Coarse Thread 美制粗牙螺纹NDT Nondestructive Testing 无损检验Neg Negative 负NF American National Fine Thread 美国细牙螺纹Nip Nipple 螺纹管接头、短节Nom Nominal 名义Nor Normal 正常NOZ Nozzle 接管NPS American Standard Straight Pipe Thread 美国标准直管螺纹NPSHA Net Positive Suction Head Available 有效汽蚀裕量NPSHR Net Positive Suction Head Required 要求汽蚀裕量NPT American Standard Taper Pipe Thread 美国标准锥管螺纹NT Net Tonnage 净吨数NTP Normal Temperature and Pressure 标准温度和压力NTS Not To Scale 不按比例Num Number 数、编号、号码Obj Object 目标、对象OC Operating Characteristic 操作特性OD Outside Diameter 外径OH Open Hearth 平炉Oper Operating 操作Opp Opposite 对面、相反OR Outside Radius 外半径OR Outside Ring 外环Orien Orientation 方位Ovhd Overhead 高架的、顶部的Oxyg Oxygen 氧P Page 页P Pressure 压力Par Parallel 平行Para Paragraph 节、段Pc Piece 件PE Polyethylene 聚乙烯PFD Process Flow Diagram 工艺流程图Perform Performance 性能PF Power Factor 功率因素PID Piping & Instruments Diagram 管道和仪表流程图Pl Plate 板Pneum Pneumatic 气、气动PO Purchase Order 订货单Port Portable 便携式、轻便Posit Positive 正Posit Position 位置ppb Parts per billion 十亿分之几ppm Parts per million 百万分之几Prod Product 产品Proj Project 项目、工程PS Polystyrene 聚苯乙烯psf Pounds per square feet 磅/平方英尺psi Pounds per square inch 磅/平方英寸PT Liquid Penetrants Examination 液体渗透检测PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene 聚四氟乙烯PV A Polyvinyl Acetate 聚醋酸乙烯PV AL Polyvinyl Alcohol 聚乙烯醇PVC Polyvinyl Chloride 聚氯乙烯PWHT Post Weld Heat Treatment 焊后热处理QA Quality Assurance 质量保证QC Quality Control 质量控制Qty Quantity 数量Qual Quality 质量R Radius 半径Rad Radial 径向RC Rockwell Hardness 洛氏硬度Recip Reciprocate 往复式Recirc Recirculate 再循环Recom Recommended 建议、推荐Ref Reference 参照、基准Refract Refractory 耐火材料Reg Regulator 调节器Regen Regenerator 再生器、再生塔Reinf Reinforce 加强Rel Relative 相对Rep Report 报告Rep Repeat 重复Reqd Required 要求、需要的REV Revision 修改、版次Rev Review 评论、检查Rev Revolution 旋转、转数RF Raise face 突台面RH Relative Humidity 相对湿度RH Right Hand 右手RMS Root Mean Square 均方根ROT Rotating 旋转rpm revolutions per minute 转/分rps revolutions per second 转/秒RT Radiographic Examination 射线照相检验S South 北SAW Submerged Arc Welding 埋弧焊Sc Scale 刻度、比例SC Standard Condition 标准状态（温度压力）SCH Schedule 表号、管厚号、进度Sec Second 秒Sec Section 剖面、节、段Seg Segment 节、段Sep Separator 分离器Seq Sequence 次序、顺序SG Specific Gravity 比重SHP Shaft Horsepower 轴马力SI Standard International 国际单位制Sig Signal 信号Sld Solid 固体SMAW Shield Metal Arc Welding 手工焊Smls Seamless 无缝的SO Slip on 平焊（法兰）Sol Solution 溶液SP Spare parts 备件Sp Special 特殊的、专门的SP Static pressure 静压力Spec Specification 说明、规定SpGr Specific Gravity 比重Sq Square 方形、平方SR Stress Relief 消除应力SS Stainless Steel 不锈钢Sta Station 站STD Standard 标准STDWT Standard Weight 标准重量STL Steel 钢STP Standard Temperature and Pressure 标准温度和压力Suc Suction 吸入Suppl Supplement 补充SW Shop Welding 车间焊接SW Spot Weld 点焊SW Socket Welding 承插焊（法兰）SWP Safety Working Pressure 安全工作压力SYM Symbol 符号、标志SYM Symmetry 对称SYS System 系统T Ton 吨TC Tungsten Carbide 碳化钨Tech Technique 技术TEMA Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association 管壳式换热器制造商协会（美国）Temp Temperature 温度Term Terminal 终端、接头Thk Thickness 厚度TIG Tungsten Inert Gas Arc Welding 钨极惰性气体保护焊TL Tangent line 切线Tol Tolerance 公差Tot Total 总Trans Transfer 输送器TW Total Weight 总重TW Tack Welding 定位焊Typ Typical 典型、标准UNC Unified National Coarse Thread 统一标准粗牙螺纹UNF Unified National Fine Thread 统一标准细牙螺纹US Undersize 尺寸过小UT Ultrasonic Examination 超声波探伤UTS Ultimate Tensile Strength 抗拉强度极限Vac Vacuum 真空Vap Vapor 蒸汽Var Variable 变化、变量Vel Velocity 速度Vert Vertical 垂直V ol Volume 体积VT Visual Testing 宏观（目测）检查W Watt 瓦WL Welding Line 焊缝线WL Water Line 水线WPS Welding Procedure Specification 焊接工艺规程WP Working Pressure 工作压力WRC Welding Research Committee 焊接研究委员会（美国）WS Water Supply 供水WT Weight 重量W/V Wind Velocity 风速XR X-Ray X射线Yd Yard 码YP Yield Point 屈服点Yr Year 年。
火力发电厂常用英语词汇
火力发电站常用英语技术词汇boiler house: 锅炉房coal conveyor 输煤装置coal bunker: 煤仓coal mill磨煤机steam boiler, water boiler tube 蒸汽锅炉，管式锅炉furnace(combustion chamber): 炉膛( 燃烧室)water tube: 水管ash pit 灰坑superheater: 过热器water preheater: 水预热器air preheater: 空气预热器gas duct(flue): 烟气管, 烟道dust collecting plant: 集尘室induced draught fan: 引风机chimney: 烟囱deaerator: 除氧器feed water tank: 供水箱boiler feed pump: 给水泵switchgear: 开关设备cable tunnel: 电缆通道cable cellar: 电缆槽turbine room: 汽轮机室steam turbine with alternator: 蒸汽汽轮发电机组economizer: 省煤器steam drum: 汽包surface condenser: 表面凝汽low-pressure preheater: 低压预热器circulating water pipe(pump): 循环水管electrostatic dust remover(precipitator):静电除尘器pulverizer 磨煤机slag pump 灰渣泵thermal cycle: 热力循环(net)heat rate: （净）热耗率Assemblie: 集合，集结，组装comment 注释，评论module : 模块standby: 备用proximity 相近，接近，亲近detector: 探测器bracket: 支架interlocks 互锁，联锁axial: 轴向的surge conditions: 喘振:accessory: 附件pulsation: 有节奏的跳动，跳动fossil fired: 燃煤intent: 意图，目的，意向consistent: 一致的，调和的practice: 惯例，实习，实践intrinsic: 固有的，内在的procurement 获得，获取fabrication: 制作，构成，伪造物vent: 通风孔，出烟孔，出口，放出，排出，noncondensible gas: 不凝结气体intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的blowdown : 排污tank: 桶，箱，罐diagram: 图表deaerator: 除氧器corrosion : 侵蚀，腐蚀状态concentration 集中，集合，浓缩，浓度recommend 推荐，介绍，托付，劝告abnormal and normal conditions: 变工况和额定工况warm up: 暖机acid wash: 酸洗scale: 范围，水垢，水锈，比例，刻度sludge :: 污泥，淤泥foreign matter: 不相关的物质facilitate: 推动，促进，使简化multistage: 多级的remote control: 遥控safety relief valve: 安全卸压阀gauge: 量规，量表，测量manhole: 人孔，检修孔equivalent: 等价物，相等的forging:: 锻造seat: 部位，座socket welding: 管座焊接enthalpy: 焓estimate: 评价，评估，估价parameters 参数，参量nominal : 名义上的，额定的，标称的MS — Main Steam : 主蒸汽Cycle:: 循环Intercept: 截止Fetting: 附件Gage:: 规，表，压力计Taps: 接头test wells: 测点插孔stress-relieved: 应力消除thermometer: 恒温计steam purge system: 蒸汽吹扫系统centrifugal type pumps: 离心式泵friction losses: 磨擦损失solenoid: 螺线管欢迎下载 2modulat: 调整，调节criteria: 标准wrenches: 扳手pipe taps: 管接头.欢迎下载 3A List of Abbreviations and Symbols in English-ChineseA ::Ash Handling System: 除灰系统AH :Air Heater: 空气预热器AAh :Analyzer, Alarm High : 分析器，高值报警:: AIV :Air Intake Valve: 进气阀ALIGN Alignment: 校正ALKF :Airlock Feeder: 锁气器AP ::Ash Slurry Pump: 灰浆泵ATM :Atmosphere 大气AC ::Air Conditioner: 空气调节器AFT :Atmosphere Flash Tank: 大气扩容器AC :Alternating Current: 交流电ALM :Alarm:: 报警AMP :Ampere: 安培AX THR BRG :Axis Thrust Bearing: 轴向推力，轴承ATMZ :Atomizing: 雾化AUTO :Automation 自动AUX :Auxiliary: 辅助的BA :Bottom Ash 底灰BAH ::Bottom Ash Hopper: 底灰斗BLR ::Boiler: 锅炉BSD ::Boiler Shut Down: 停炉BUSH :Bushing: 衬套BYPS :Bypass:: 旁路BVD ::Boiler Vents and Drains:: 锅炉疏水放气BFP :Boiler Feedwater Pump ::锅炉给水泵BFPT:Boiler FeedwaterPump Turbine: 锅炉给水泵汽机BFW ::Boiler Feedwater: 锅炉给水BM :Boiler Master 锅炉主控BMCR:Boiler Maximum ContinuousRating: 锅炉最大连续出力BFBP::Boiler Feed Booster Pump: 锅炉给水增压泵BNR :Burner: 燃烧器BOP :Balance Of Plant: 电厂辅机设备BPC :Blade Pitch Control: 叶片节距控制BT :Boiler Tube: 炉管CH: Crusher House: 碎煤房COMB ::Combustion 燃烧COMP ::Compressed Air: 压缩空气CONV ::Conveyer: 输送机CPL :Control Pannel Local: 就地控制盘欢迎下载 4CPM :Control Pannel Main: 主控盘CRT :Cathode Ray Tube: 阴极射线管: CT Current Transformer: 变流器CYCL :Cyclone: 旋风分离器CAS :Casing:: 缸、壳CB Circuit Breaker: 断路器COMP :Complete: 完成CCCW :Closed Circulating Cooling Water: 闭式循环冷却水CCW :Cycle Cooling Water: 循环水CCWHF ::Closed Cooling Water Heater 闭式冷却水冷却器CCWP :Closed Cooling WaterPump: 闭式冷却水泵CS :Closed Cooling Water System 闭式冷却水系统CH Coal Handling 煤的装卸CHK VLV :Check Valve: 逆止阀CIRC: Circulation: 循环CLR Cooler: 冷却器CLOW :Cooling Water: 冷却水CMPR :Compressor: 压缩机CNTL :Control: 控制CNTLE :Controller:: 控制器COND :Condensate: 凝结水CONDTY :Conductivity: 导电率CP: Condensate Pump: 凝结泵CIR: Circuit: 回路COUPI :Coupling: 联轴器CP: Condensate Polisher: 除盐装置CS: Control Switch 控制开关CRSV :Cold Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器冷段安全阀CV: Control Valve : 控制阀CWP: Circulation Water Pump: 循环水泵DMPR: Damper : 挡板DP Difference Pressure: 差压DPIC: Differential Pressure IndicatingController压差指示控制器DPT:Differential Pressure Transmitter 压差变送器DRN: Drain: 疏水DV Drain Valve:: 疏水阀DC Direct Current: 直流电DSH: Desuperheater: 减温器DCA: Drain Cooler Approach: 疏水冷却器通道DEAER Deaerator: 除氧器DEV: Deviation: 偏差DIFFRLY: Differential Relay: 差动继电欢迎下载 5器DISCH VLV :Discharge Valve 排放阀DIST: Disturbance:: 故障、扰动DSCH: Discharge: 排出ECON: Economizer:: 省煤器EP Electrical Static Precipitator: 静电除尘器ECC Eccentricity :: 偏心EFF Efficiency: 效率EHC Electric Hydraulic Control: 电液控制EO Electric Operate: 电气操作EQ Equipment: 设备ER Error: 误差ES :Extraction System 抽气系统ESC Escape: 逃逸、超出ESS Engineering Safety System: 保安系统EU Engineering Unit : 工程单位EXH Exhaust: 排汽EXT Extract: 抽出FA :Fine Ash: 细灰FDR Feeder: 给料机FE :Flow Element:: 流量元件FI :Flow Indicator:: 流量指示件FDBK: Feedback: 反馈FITG Fitting: 连接件FLW Flow 流量FO :Fail Open: 故障时自动打开FT: Flow Totalizer: 流量累加器FT :Flow transmitter: 流量变送器FV :Flow Control Valve 流量控制阀FY :Flow Relay or Valve 流量传送器FA: Failure Alarm: 故障报警FD :Forced Draft : 强制通风FDF Forced Draft Fan: 送风机FIC :Flow Indicate Controller: 流量指示控制器FLT :Flash Tank : 扩容箱FLD :Field 磁场FLG :Flange: 法兰FLM Flame: 火焰FWH Feed Water Heater 给水加热器FO :Fuel Oil: 燃油FREQ Frequency: 频率FURN Furnace: 炉膛欢迎下载 6GLD Gland: 密封GRDR Grinder: 碎渣机GND Grounding: 接地GC :Generator Cooling: 发电机冷却GESE Gland Steam Condenser Exhauster: 轴加风机GMT Generator Main Trandformer: 发电机变压器GRAD Grandient: 梯度GS :Gland Steam: 轴封蒸汽GSC :Gland Steam Condenser: 轴封加热器GV :Governor Valve: 高压调门H ::Heat Conservation 保温HS: Hand Switch:: 手动开关HTR Heater: 加热器HV: Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HY: Hand Relay or Transducer 手动继电器（转换器）H :Hand: 手动的HB :Heat Balance: 热平衡HD :Heater Drain:: 加热器疏水HDR :Header: 联箱HL ::Heat Loss: 热损失HMDY Humidity: 湿度HPH: High Pressure Heater: 高压加热器HPR :Hooper: 漏斗HPT :High Pressure Turbine: 高压汽机HR: Hot Reheat: 再热器热段HR: Heat Rate: 热耗率HSV: Hot Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器热段安全阀HV AC :Heating Ventilation& Air Conditioning:: 暖通HW :Hotwell: 热井HV ::Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HYD :Hydraulic: 液力的INTLK :Interlock : 联锁IC :Instrument and Control:: 仪表与控制（热工）ICV ::Inrtermediate ControlValve 中压控制阀ID :Induced Draft 抽风，引风IDF ::Induced Draft Fan: 引风机IGN ::Ignition: 点火装置INLT :Inlet: 入口IPR ::Initial Pressure: 初压INST :Instrument: 仪表INVR :Inverter: 逆变器I /O:: Input/Output 输入/ 输出欢迎下载7IP :Intermediate Pressure: 中压ISV ::Intermediate Pressure Turbine Steam Valve: 中压缸进汽阀JP :Jet Pump: 喷射器LG :Level Gauge 液位计LVL ::Level: 水位，液位LA :Level Alarm: 液位报警LIM(LMIR): Limiter: 限制器LKG:: Leakage:: 泄漏LP :Low Pressure 低压L.P :Low Point : 低位LPH: Low Pressure Heater: 低压加热器LSH: Local Switch Hand: 就地开关LUB: Lubricating Oil: 润滑油M :Mechanical: 机械M :Motor: 马达MAG:: Magnetic: : 磁性MOD ::Mode: 方式:M/A :Manual/Automatic: 手动/ 自动MAN ::Manual :: 手动MARG: Margin:: 裕量MAX ::Maximum: 最大的，最大值的MCR ::Maximum Continuous Rating 最大连续出力MCV:: Main Control Valve:主控制阀MD :Modulation Damper: 调节挡板MDBFP: Motor Driven Boiler FeedwaterPump: 电动给水泵MEAS ::Measure :测量MFT: Master Fuel Trip: 主燃料跳闸MIN :Minimum: 最小的MKUP (MU) Make-up: 补充ML :Mill: 磨煤机MN :Main: 主要的M.O. :Manual Operation: 手操MPT :Main Power Transformer: 主变压器MS :Main Steam 主蒸汽MSV :Main Steam Valve: 主汽阀NOZ: Nozzle: 喷嘴NPSH :Net Pump Suction Head: 泵的静吸压头OL: Overload: 过载OLR :Overload Relay: 过载继电器OPER :Operation: 运行欢迎下载8OSC :Oscillograph: 示波器OTLT: Outlet: 出口PA: Primary Air: 一次风PAF :Primary Air Fan: 一次风机PAH :Pressure Alarm High: 高压报警PAL :Pressure Alarm Low: 低压报警PB: Push Button 按钮PC :Power Centre: 动力中心PC: Pressure Controller: 压力控制器P.C. :Pressure Control: 压力控制PCP :Precipitator 除尘器PCV :Pressure Control Valve:: 压力控制阀PDI :Pressure Differential Indication: 差压指示PDT :Pressure Differential Trandsmitter: 差压变送器PED :Pdestal:: 轴承座PERF CALC Performance Calculation::性能计算PF: Power Factor 功率因数PHTR: Preheater: 预热器PMP :Pump: 泵PNEU :Pneumatic: 气动的PR: Pressure Recorder: 压力记录计PRG :Purge: 吹扫PRV :Pressure Relief Valve: 泄压阀PRO :Protection: 保护PROGR:: Program: 程序PT: Pressure Transmitter: 压力变送器PULV: Pulverizer: 磨煤机PVSV :Pressure Vacuum Safety Valve 压力真空安全阀PW: Plant Water 厂用水PY: Pressure Relay: 压力继电器QA: Quality:: 质量，性能RB: Run Back: 快速降负荷RCV :Recovering: 回收RECIRC:: Recirculation 再循环RECT :Rectifier: 整流器RET :Return: 返回RH: Reheater: 再热器RO: Restriction Orifice: 节流孔板ROT :Rotor: 转子RTU :Remote Telemetry Unit:: 遥测装置SA :Secondary Air: 二次风SAT: Saturate: 饱和的SC :Steam Coil Air Heater:: 暖风器SCA V :Scavenge: 吹扫欢迎下载9SD: Shut-off Damper: 关断挡板: Shut-Down 停机SEP :Separator 分离器SG: Switchgear 开关装置SH: Superheater: 过热器SLS :Seals:: 密封SO: Shut Off: 关闭SPD :Speed: 转速SPRA: Spray: 喷水SPT :Support: 支持:ST: Start: 启动，开始STD-BY :Stand By: 备用ST: System:: 系统STM :Steam: 蒸汽STR: Stator:: 定子STRNR: Strainer: 滤器SU: Start Up: 启动SV: Solenoid Valve: 电磁阀SUCT: Suction: 吸入SW: Switch: 开关:Steam Water: 汽水SBLWR: Soot Blower 吹灰器TBFP Turbine Drive Boiler FeedwaterPump 汽泵TCV :Temperature ControlValve 温度控制T.B.: Transfer Damper: 转换挡板TE: Temperature Element: 温度元件TG: Turbine-generator: 汽轮发电机Turbine-gear: Turbine-gear: 汽机盘车THERM :Thermal 热力的TMS: Turbine Master System: 汽机主控系统TRANS :Transfer: 转换TRBL: Trouble: 故障TRKG: Tracking: 跟踪TT: Temperature Transmitter: 温度变送器TTD: Terminal Temperature Difference:温度端差TW: Thermowell: 热电偶套管UAM :Unit Automatic Master: 机组自动系统V AC: Vacuum: 真空V AL: Value: 数值VB: Vibration 振动VLV: Valve: 阀门WH: Watthour 瓦小时欢迎下载10WP: Working Point: 工作点WW: Water Wall 水冷壁WX: Watt Transducer: 功率转换器COVER :Crossover 切换管CV: Control Valve: 控制阀英汉对照表A/H ：AUTOMATION/HAND : 自动/ 手动;A/M ：AUTOMATION/MANUAL: 自动/ 手动;ALARM 报警;AUX ：AUXILIARY :: 辅助; BYPASS 旁路CLOSE 关（状态，常指阀门）;CODE: 代码；编码COLD START — UP: 冷态启动COMPUTER : 计算机CURVE ，LINE: 曲线，线DATA: 数据；文件；资料DECREAS : 减少DESK: 台，桌DIGIT: 数字DISK: 磁盘DYNAMIC ；DYNAMICAL: 动态F ：FLOW 流量;FAST: 快FIGURE: 图示HIGH: 高HOT START — UP: 热态启动I＆C ：INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL仪表与控制INCREAS: 增加INDICATION ；DISPLAY : 指示；显示;INLET 入口;INPUT 输入;INTERMEDIATE 中KEYBOARD: 键盘KW ：KILOWATT 千瓦L ：LOAD 负荷，负载;LOC ：LOCAL : 就地LOW: 低MCS ：MANAGMENT COMMAND欢迎下载11SYSTEM 管理命令系统MODE : 方式，模式MW ：MEGAWATT 兆瓦NORMAL: 正常OFF : 关（状态）;ON : 开（状态）;OPEN: 开( 状态，常指阀门); OPERATE : 运行；操作; OUTLET 出口;OUTPUT 输出;P ：PRESSURE: 压力; PANEL 盘PARAMETER : 参数PIPE ；TUBE: 管道，管子PLANT: 厂，站POWER: 功率，电源;PRINT: 打印R ：RATE : 比率，速率;R ：RESISTANCE: 电阻;REM ：REMOTE : 摇控;RESET 复位ROOM : 室RPM:: 转/ 分;S ：SPEED 速度;SELECT 选择SET POINT 设定点SHUTDOWN : 停机;SIDE （某）侧，边;SILENCER 消音器SLOW : 慢STAND BY: 备用;START : 启动;STARTUP : 起动；启动;STATIC 静态STATION 站STOP: 停止;SYMBOL 符号SYSTEM: 系统T ：TEMPERATURE:: 温度;TEST: 试验;TRANSMITTIER;TRANSDUCER: 变送器；传感器TRIP 跳闸;TRIP ACKNOW: 跳闸确认UNA V AIL 不允许( 不能投用的)欢迎下载12UNIT : 单元、机组V ALVE 阀门W ARM START — UP: 温态启动ZOOM: 摄像机镜头锅炉部分ACTUAL MEGAWATT: 有功AIR DRAFT SEQUENCE: : 风机程序控制（顺控）AIR HEATER A MOTER: 空预器马达AAIR HEATER LOC/REM SELECT: 空预器就地/ 遥控选择AIR HEATER MOTOR LEAD: 空预器马达选择AIR HTR A SEC AIR OUT TEM 空预器A 二次风出口温度AIR PREHEATER: 空预器AIR SVCE SUPPLY: 服务空气ALARM LIMITS: :: 报警限制ALL AIR HTRS RUNNING 各空预器运行ALL PULV GRP SHUTDOWN 所有磨组停运ASH — HOPPER: : 灰斗ATTEMPERATOR: : 减温器AUX .ST: SPLY FOR ATOMIZ 辅助蒸汽供雾化蒸汽BOIL MILL A BNR MET TEMP 炉A磨组喷燃器金属温度BOIL MILL A GR1 WDBOX PR 炉A磨组第一组风箱压力BOILER AIR REQUIRED 锅炉风量需求（>30% ）BOILER EFFLUENT STORAGE: POOL锅炉废水池BOILER FOLLOW MODE: 炉跟随方式BOILER MASTER: 锅炉主控器BOILER TRIP RESET: : 锅炉跳闸复位BOILER: 锅炉BURNNER: : 燃烧器CHIMNEY ；STACK:: : 烟囱CLEAN: 清扫欢迎下载13COAL BANKER: :: 煤仓COAL FEEDER : 给煤机COMBUSTION : 燃烧CONVEYOR: 皮带机COORDINATE MODE 协调方式CRUSHER: 破碎机DECR/INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD:: 固定负荷方式增减压力DOWM COMER:: 下降管DRAIN & VENT: 疏水和排气ECONOMIZER : 省煤器EITHER FAN RUNNING : 任一风机运行EITHER ID FAN RUNNING 任一吸风机运行ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR : 静电除尘器FD FAN A FLOW:: A 送风机流量FD FAN/ID FAN A CONT DAMPER A送/ 吸风机控制挡板FEED W ATER FLOW: 给水流量FEEDER LOCAL SELECT: 给煤机就地控制选择FEEDER REMOTE SELECT: 给煤机遥控选择FLUE GAS: 烟气FORCED DRAFT FAN : 送风机FUEL GAS ID FAN A OUTLET PRESS A吸风机出口压力FURNACE PRESS: 炉膛压力FURNACE: 炉膛GAS COAL: :: 烟煤HEADER : 联箱、母管IGNITOR: : 点火器，油枪INDUCED DRAFT FAN : 引风机INDUCED&FORCED DRAFTS: 吸送风机INITIATE: 启动、引燃、激发、触发ISOLATION: 隔离；绝缘LFO .DISCH .PRESS : 轻油出口压力LIGHT OIL SEL GRP 1: 第一组轻油枪选择LIGHT OIL: 轻油LUB OIL PUMP:: 润滑油泵MAIN STEAM STOP VLV: 主蒸汽截欢迎下载14止阀MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/ 压力/ 流量MAINTAINED IGNITORS PULVERIZER A:磨煤机A油枪操作MANUAL LOAD SET/RATE:手动负荷设定/ 负荷率MANUAL MODE: 手动方式MANUAL THROTTEL PRESS SET POINT:手动节流压力设定值MILL A GROUP MASTER : A 磨组主控器MILL A LOAD: A 磨组负荷MILL A OUT TEMP CONT DAMPER : A 磨组出口温度控制挡板MIN MAX LOAD （LIMITS ）: 最大最小负荷（限制）MMMC ＝MILLIMETERMERCURY ；MMH2O: 毫米汞柱；毫米水柱O 2 IN THE FUEL GAS 烟气含氧量OPEN/CLOSE SWING VLVS 摆阀开/ 关OPERATE MODE SELECT: 运行方式选择PENDANT: : 悬吊管PLATEN SPARY CONTROL VLVS SIDEA : 屏过减温水A 侧控制阀PLATEN SUPERHEATER: 屏过PRESSURE DIFFERENCE: 压差PRI AIR DUCT PRESS 一次风管压力PRI AIR FAN A CONT DAMPER: A 侧一次风机控制挡板PRI AIR FAN A OUTLET PRESS A 一次风机出口压力PRI AIR FLOW MILL A CONTDAMPER 磨组一次风控制挡板PRI/SEC AIR FLOW MILL A A 磨组一次/ 二次风流量PRIMARY AIR FAN: 一次风机PRIMARY AIR SEQUENCE: 一次风控制PULVERIZER : 磨煤机PULVERIZER EMERGENCE TRIP 磨欢迎下载15煤机紧急跳闸PULVERIZER INERT MODE SELECT: 磨煤机惰性方式选择PULVERIZER NORMAL MODE SELECT: 磨煤机正常方式选择PULVERIZER SELECTION A :: 磨煤机A 选择PULVERIZER: M/A: SELECT 磨煤机手/ 自动选择PURGE 吹扫RH ；REHEATER: 再热器SAFETY V ALVE:: 安全阀SCANNER BLOWERS: 火检吹扫器SEAL AIR FAN PRESS: 密封风机压力SEAL AIR FAN:: : 密封风机SEC AIR DUCT PRESS: 二次风管压力SEC AIR FLOW MILL A CONTDAMPER A 磨组二次风流量控制挡板SEC SH OUT STEAM TEM 二级过热器出口蒸汽温度SEC SH SPARY CONT VLVS SIDE A二级过热器减温水A 侧控制阀SECONDARY SH INLET TEMP 二级过热器进口温度SECONDARY: AIR 二次风SH ；SUPERHEATER: : 过热器SH STEAM ELECTR VLV: 过热器电磁阀SH STEAM TEMP SET POINT:: 过热温度设定点SH/RH SPARY W ATER STOP VLVS:: 过热器/ 再热器减温水截止阀SH/RH SPRAY CONTROL VLVSSELECT 过热器/ 再热器减温水控制阀选择SLIDING PRESS MODE: 滑压运行方式SOOT BLOWER: 吹灰器SPARK 火花，点火花SPEED CHANGE (NOT) PERMISSIVE:速度切换（不）允许SPRAY : 喷水STACKER RECLAIMER :: 堆取料机START IGNITOR GRP 1: 第一组油枪点欢迎下载16火STEAM DRUM: : 汽包STEAM 蒸汽STONE COAL: 无烟煤STOP IGNITORS GRP 1: 第一组油枪停止STOP/START FEEDER 给煤机停止/ 启动STOP/START IGNITORS: 油枪停止/ 启动STOP/START MILL: 磨组停止/ 启动STOP/START PA FLOW: 一次风停止/ 启动STOP/START PULVERIZER 磨煤机停止/ 启动STOP/START SEQUENCEPULVERIZER A: 磨煤机 A 程序停止/ 启动THROTTLE PRESS:: 节流压力TRANSPORT AIR SEQUENCE 风量程序控制（顺控）TURB FIRST STAGE PRESS 汽机第一级( 调节级) 压力TURBINE FOLLOW MODE: 机跟随方式TURBINE MASTER: 汽机主控器TWIN FLOW AIR HTR A CONT VLV: :双流式空预器控制阀UNLOADER: :: 卸煤机WATER 水WATERW ALL: : 水冷壁汽机部分:EMERG OIL PUMP: 事故油泵<P>CICR PMP DISCHARGE VLV: 循环泵出口阀1ST STAGE PRESS: 第一级压力ACTUAL MEGA WATT: : 实际负荷数AMS ：ADMISSION: MODESELECTION 进汽方式选择AUX STEAM HEADER: : 辅汽联箱AUX STEAM TEMP CONTROL: 辅汽温度控制AUX STM HEADER PRESS CONTROLVLV 辅汽联箱压力控制阀BALANCE: : 平衡欢迎下载17BEARING BRASS:: 轴瓦BEARING: : 轴承BLADE 叶片BOILER FOLLOW MODE: 锅炉跟随方式BOOSTER FEED PUMP: 前置给水泵CICR WTR PUMP: 循环泵CIRCULATING PUMP: : 循环泵CIRCULATING: 循环CLOSED COOLING W ATER: 闭式冷却水CLOSED COOLING WTR PUMP: 闭式冷却水泵CMPTR: : 计数器CONDENSATE PUMP: 凝泵CONDENSER AIR SUCTION VLV: 凝汽器抽空气阀CONDENSER HOT WELL: : 热井CONDENSER LEVEL CONTROL VLV:凝汽器水位控制阀CONDENSER: 凝汽器CONDS EXTR PUMP DISCH : 凝结水抽吸泵出口CONDS STOR TANK LEVEL: 凝结水储水箱水位COOLER: : 冷却器COOLNG WTR PUMP: 水冷泵COORDINATE MODE: : 协调方式CV ：CONTROL V ALVE 高压调门CYLINDER 、CASING: 汽缸DEAERATOR LEVEL CONTROL VLV:除氧器水位控制阀DEAERATOR: : 除氧器DECR PRESS AT FIX LOAD: 在负荷不变下减压DEMI WATER: 除盐水DISPATCH PARTICIPATION 调度（参与）指令DURM PRESSURE:: 汽包压力EJECTOR: 喷射器，抽气器EMERGENCY GOVERNOR 危急保安器EXHAUST: 排汽EXPANSION: 膨胀EXTR ST TO HP HTR 抽汽至高加欢迎下载18EXTRACTION STEAM 抽汽FILTER: : 滤网FLANGE 法兰FUNCTION GROUP: 功能组FW CONTROL V ALVE ' S BYPASS VLV: 给水控制阀的旁路阀FW FLOW 30% CONTROL VLV : 30% 给水控制阀FW FLOW MASTER CONTROL: 给水流量主控FW HP HTR DISCH TEMP: 给水高加出口温度FW PUMP RECIRCUL CONTROL VLV 给水泵循环控制阀FW VLV: 给水阀门GEARING: 盘车GOVERNOR: 调速器HP ATTEM PRESS CONTROL VLV: 高旁减温水压力控制阀HP ATTEMP BLOCK VLV: 高旁减温水闭锁阀HP BYPASS ＆HP ATTEMP VLVS:高压旁路及减温水阀HP BYPASS PRESS CONTROL VLV 高旁压力控制阀HP BYPASS PRESS SET POINT: 高旁压力设定值HP BYPASS TEMP CONTROL V ALVE高旁温度控制阀HP＆LP BYPASS COMMAND 高压及低压旁路指令HPH ：HIGH PRESSURE HEATER : 高加HYDRAULIC OIL STATION PUMP: 液压油站泵INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD: 在负荷不变下增压INT POS: 中间状态IV ：INTERMEDIATE V ALVE 中压联合汽门JACKING OIL PUMP 顶轴油泵LP HTR STOP VLV 低加截止阀LP ＆HP BYPASS PRESS SIDE A 低压或高压旁路A侧压力LP ＆HP BYPASS TEMP SIDE A 低压欢迎下载19或高压旁路A侧温度LPH ：LOW PRESSURE HEATER: 低加LUBE OIL PUMP: 润滑油泵MAKE －UP W ATER: 补给水MANUAL LOAD RATE 手动负荷率MANUAL LOAD SET 手动负荷设定MANUAL Throttle Press Set Point手动节流压力设定值MEASURE SELECTION 测量选择站MOP ：MAIN OIL PUMP: 主油泵MOTOR DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP 电动给水泵MSV ：MAIN STOP V ALVE: 主汽阀NOZZLE 喷嘴OIL PURIFIER: 净油器OIL STORAGE TANK : 储油箱OPERATE MANUAL MODE: 手动方式OPERATE MODE SELECT: 运行方式选择PILOT V ALVE: 错油门PLATEN SH INLET TEMP SIDE A: A侧屏过入口温度PRIMARY SH STOP V ALVE: 一级过热器截止阀PUMP A DISCH PRESS : A 泵出口压力RH SPRAY BLOCK VLVSTRIP INIT 再热器喷水闭锁阀跳闸启动RH SPRAY WTR STOP VLVS: 再热器喷水截止阀RH STEAM ATTEM FLOW: 再热喷水流量RH STEAM TEMP OUTLET: 再热器出口温度ROTOR 转子SEAL: 密封SHAFT 轴SILENCER: 消音器SLIDING PRESS MODE: 滑压方式SPEED INDICATOR OR SPEEDMETER: : 转速表STATOR 定子STEAM TURBINE : 汽轮机ST －UP BOIL FDW PUMP: 启动给水泵欢迎下载20SUCTION PUMP: 抽吸泵SURGE APPROACH: 喘振SYNCHRONIZER: 同步器TFW PMP DISCHARGE VLV: 汽动泵出口阀TFW PUMP MAIN OIL PMP: 汽动给水泵的主油泵THROTTLE ORIFICE 节流孔板TURBINE DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP: 汽动给水泵TURBINE FW PUMP AUX ＆VLV 小机给水泵辅汽及阀门TURBINE GENERATOR: 汽轮发电机组TURBINE INLET PRESS: 汽机入口压力TURBINE MASTER : 汽机主控器TURBING FOLLOW MODE: 汽机跟随方式V ACCUM 真空V ACUUM BROKEN V ALVE: 真空破坏门V ACUUM SEQ : 真空程控VIBRATION: 振动电液调节及控制部分1STAGE PRESSURE FEEDBACK: 第一级压力反馈ABNORMAL CONDITION: 异常状态ACCELERATION: 加速度ACTIVE POWER:: 有功功率ADMISSION MODE: 进汽方式ADS(ALARM DISPLAY SELECTPANELS) 报警显示选择屏AERIAL LINE: 架空线ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC): 交流AMPERE: 安培ANGLE OF LAG: 滞后角ANGLE OF LEAD: 超前角ANODE: 阳极ARC: 电弧ARMATURE 电枢AST ：AUTO SHUT-DOWN TRIP: 自动停机遮断ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR: 异步电动机AT SET SPEED: 在设定速度位置欢迎下载21ATC ：AUTO TURBINE CONTROL: 自动汽轮机控制AUTOFORMER: 自藕变AUTORECLOSING : 自动重合闸AUXI TRANSFORMER : 厂用变BACK UP TRANSFORMER 备用变BACK-UP OVERSPEED TRIP TEST 备用超速跳闸试验ELECTRICAL TRIP TEST 电气跳闸试验BACK-UP SPDSIG LOST: : 后备速度信号失去BARRING OIL PUMP 盘车油泵BASE LOAD: 基荷BATTERY : 电池BATTERY BACKED CLOCK 电池备用时钟BDV ：BLOWDOWN VLV: 泄放阀BOOSTER PUMP: 前置泵BULB : : 灯泡BUS SECTION : 母线分段BUS: 母线BUSBAR FRAME: 母线架BUSCOUPLER: 母联BUSHING 套管CABLE 电缆CAPACITANCE: 电容CARRIER 载波CATHODE : 阴极CCR: 中控室CHARGING EQUIPMENT : 充电设备CHEST /ROTOR WARMING: 腔室/转子预暖CIU : 计算机接口单元CLOSE : 合闸CLOSED V ALVES OVERSPEED TEST关闭阀超速CLOSED-LOOP : 闭环COIL:: 线圈COMBINED RECLOSING 综合重合闸COMBINED REHEAT V ALVES: 中压联合阀COMMON SERVICES LOGIC SUITE::公用系统逻辑柜COMMUNICATION: 通讯CONDUCTOR : 导体欢迎下载22CONFIGURATION: 结构，布置，外形: CONTROL OIL: 控制油CORE: 铁芯CPU(CENTARL PROCESSING UNIT: 中心处理单元CRT: 显示屏CURRENT TRANSFORMER: 电流互感器CURRENT 电流CV:: 控制阀DAS: 数据采集系统DECREASING LOAD RATE: : 减负荷率DIESEL GENERATOR : 柴油发电机DIRECT CURRENT (DC) 直流DISCONNECTOR : 隔离开关DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM:分散控制系统E.W.S.: 工程师工作站EHC STATUS: 电液调节系统状态EHC ：ELECTRO-HYDRA CONTROLSYSTEM: 电液调节控制系统EHV MIMIC PANEL : 电气高压模拟屏ELECTRICAL MALFUNCTIONSYSTEM FAULT : 电气失灵系统故障EMERGENCY OIL PUMP: 事故油泵EMERGENCY SEAL OIL PUMP: 事故密封油泵ETS ：EMERGENCY TRIP SYSTEM:危急跳闸系统EXCEPTION REPORT: 例外报告EXCITE 励磁EXCITOR 励磁机FA/PA POSITION : 全周/ 部分（进汽）位置FAST-ACTING SOLENOID: 快动电磁阀FIRST STAGE PRESS 调节级压力FIS :: 流量显示开关FREQUENCY: 频率FRF ：FIRE RESISTANT FLUID:: 抗燃油FULL ARC : 全周进汽GAS : 瓦斯GEN. SHAFT SEAL&STATOR欢迎下载23WIND : 发电机密封及静子绕组GENERATOR : 发电机GROUNDING(EARTHING) 接地H2 TEMP CONT V : 氢气温度控制阀HARDW ARE 硬件HOLD: 保持HYDRAULIC FLUID PRESS: 抗燃油压力I.C.S: 数字控制站终端模件IN STANDBY: 在备用状态IND: :: 指示器INDUCTANCE: 电感INHIBITED: 停止进行、禁止INSULATOR 绝缘子INTERCEPT V ALVE: 中间截流阀INTERCEPT V ALVES: 中间截止阀INTERFACE 接口KILOW ATT 千瓦LC: 液位控制器LI: 液位显示LIGHT: 照明LINE 线路LK: 液位控制站LOAD DECREASING ；AT SETLOAD 负荷减；在设定负荷LOAD FLOW : 负荷潮流分布LOAD INCREASING: 负荷增LOAD LIMITING SET: 负荷极限设定LOAD MONITORING: 负荷监视LOAD SELECT: :: 负荷选择LOAD SET: 负荷设定LOAD: 负荷LOADING RATE LIMIT : 负荷（增、减）率限定LOCKED OUT: 闭锁LOSS : 损耗LOSS OF PWR:: 失去电源LVDT ：线性位移差动变送器MAGNETIC FIELD: 磁场MAIN OIL PUMP: 主油泵MAIN SEAL OIL PMP : 主密封油泵MAIN STEAM PRESS 主蒸汽压力MAIN TRANSFORMER STEP-UPTRANSFORMER: 主变MANUAL: 手动欢迎下载24MCC: 马达控制中心MEGAWATT: 兆瓦MFP : 多功能控制器MOTOR: 电动机MSPL ：MAIN STEAM PRESSURE LIMITER : 主汽压力限制器MSV: 主蒸汽阀NEUTRAL POINT: 中性点OHM: 欧姆OIL GAUGE: 油位表OPC ：OVERSPEED PROTECTION CONTROL: 超速保护控制OPEN-LOOP : 开环OPER AUTO: 操作员自动:: OPERATING MODE : 操作方式ORP ：OIL RESET PISTON: 油复位活塞ORSV ：OIL RESET SOLENOID VLV油复位电磁阀OTSV ：OIL TRIP SOLENOID VLV: 油跳闸电磁阀OVER CURRENT: 过流OVER VOLTAGE : 过压OVERLOAD: 过载PART ARC : 部分进汽PC: 动力中心PDIS : 压差显示开关PEAK LOAD: 峰荷PERMANENT MAGNETICGENERATORDF 永磁发电机PG: 压力计PHASE ANGLE : 相角PHASE: 相PIC: 压力显示控制器PK: 压力控制站PLUG : 插头PLUG SOCKET: 插座POLE:: 电极POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER 电压互感器POWER 功率POWER FACTOR: 功率因数POWER LOAD UNBALANCE: 功载不平衡PP ：: PREESSURE POINT 压力检测点欢迎下载25PRI SPD SIG LOST 一次速度信号失去PS: 压力开关PT: 压力变送器REACTANCE: 电抗REACTIVE POWER: 无功功率RECLOSING : 重合闸REHEAT PRESS:: 再热汽压力REMOTE AUTO: 远方自动REMOTE OPERATION : 远操RESISTANCE: 电阻RSM ：ROTOR STRESS MONITORING: 转子热应力监视: RSV: 再热汽截止阀SAFELY OIL : 安全油SCR CONTROLLER: 可控硅整流控制器SEAL OIL: 密封油SHUT-OFF V ALVE:: 切断阀SIGNAL: 信号SLOW MEDIUM FAST: 慢、中、快SPEED INCREASING: 速度增SPEED MONITORING: 速度监视SPEED SET RPM : 转速设定转/ 分SPEED: 速度，转速START UP TRANSFORMER 启动变STATOR WIND COOLING W ATERPUMP: 定子绕组冷却水泵STEAM SEAL BY-PASS UNLOAD VLV:蒸汽密封旁路泄放阀STEAM SEAL DIVERING V ALV: 密封汽分流阀STEAM SEAL SYS:: 蒸汽密封系统SUCTION PMP A/M SEL: 抽吸泵手/自动选择SUCTION PUMP: 抽吸泵SUPERVISORS DESK: 值长台SWITCH 开关SWITCHGEAR : : 配电盘、开关装置TELEPHONE: 电话TEST SELECT: 试验选择（联锁）THERMO-COUPLE: : 热电偶THREE ELEMENTS LEVELCONTROLLER: 三冲量水位控制器THRUST BEARING WEAR DETECTOR欢迎下载26TEST 推力轴承磨擦检测试验TI : 温度显示器TIC :: 温度指示控制TIME DELAY: 时间延迟TP: 温度检测点TRANSFER AND FILTER PUMP: 输送和过滤油TRANSFORMER: 变压器TRANSMISSION: 传输TRIP 跳闸TS: 温度开关TSI: 汽机监视仪表TT:: 温度变送器TURB LUBE OIL TEMP CONTROL V : 汽机润滑油温度控制阀TURBIN DRAIN V ALVES: 汽机疏水阀TURBINE LATCHED: 汽机挂闸TURN GEAR CONTROL SEQUENCE盘车控制程序TURN GEAR MOTOR: 盘车主电机TURN GEAR PIGGY: BACK MOTOR盘车啮合电机UNINTERRUPTED POWER SUPPLY:不间断电源UNIT CONTROL DESK: 机组控制台UNIT TRANSFORMER:: 单元变V ACUUM TRIP: 真空跳闸V ALVE POSITION: 阀位置VI : 阀位置指示VOLT(V): 伏特VOLTAGE 电压VT: 阀位置变送器VV ：VENTILATING V ALVE : 通风阀W ARMING RATE: 暖机速率WATT: 瓦特WINDING: 绕组欢迎下载27。
工业炉专业工程术语(中英文)
目次1 总则2 工程术语1 总则1.1 目的本规定为工业炉专业工程设计提供统一的术语及其定义，以避免出现词义混淆现象。
1.2 范围本规定适用于石油化工燃油、燃气工业炉工程设计。
2 工程术语2.1 炉型及炉结构2.1.1 炉型1）石油化工工业炉Petrochemical process furnace石油化工生产过程中所使用的工业炉。
按工艺用途可分为加热炉、转化炉、裂解炉、气化炉、焚烧炉、焙烧炉等。
2）加热炉Heater用以加热物料的工业炉，一般被加热物料不在炉内进行化学反应。
3）转化炉Reforming furnace用以进行烯烃转化反应制取氢气或合成原料气等的工业炉。
4）裂解炉Cracking furnace用以进行裂解反应制取烯烃和氯乙烯单体等的工业炉。
5）气化炉Gasifier专用于将煤或重油气化制得气体原料或气体燃料的工业炉。
6）焚烧炉Incinerator专用于焚烧废物的工业炉。
7）焙烧炉Calciner用于焙烧固体物料、使之发生物理变化和化学变化的工业炉。
8）热载体加热炉Heat carrier heater用被加热的热载体来间接加热物料的工业炉。
9）水煤气发生炉Generator用水蒸汽为气化剂对无烟煤或焦炭进行气化以制取合成原料气的工业炉。
10）一段转化炉Primary reformer在高温高压下，以天然气，油田气、炼厂尾气或轻油为原料、借助镍触媒的作用、促使原料与水蒸汽进行转化反应以制取合成氨原料气的工业炉。
11）二段转化炉Secondary refomer将一段转化炉出来的含有10%左右CH4的转化气、进一步进行部分氧化和转化反应的工业炉。
12）管式炉Tube-furnace炉内设有管排或盘管，热量通过管壁传给管内物料的工业炉。
13）箱式炉Box furnace辐射室呈长方体或立方体的工业炉。
14）立式炉Vertical furnace一般指辐射室的炉管为竖直排列的工业炉。
消防工程-专业英语词汇
消防专业英语词汇表A部分<1> abandonment 离弃（指见死不救的行为）<2> abatement of smoke 消减烟雾（法）<3> ABC extinguisher [消]ABC灭火器（能用来扑灭A、B、C类火灾的灭火器）<4> ABC method 心肺复苏法<5> ABC powder extinguishing agent [消]ABC 干粉灭火剂（适用于扑救A类、B类和C类火灾的干粉灭火剂）<6> ablation characteristics 烧蚀特征<7> ablation of melting body 熔融物体的烧蚀<8> ablation-product radiation 烧蚀生成物的辐射<9> abnormal combustion 异常燃烧（发动机爆震，早燃等不正常的总称）<10> abnormal condition 反常情况，不正常状态，非正常状态<11> absolute temperature 绝对温度<12> absolute temperature scale 绝对温标<13> absorbed gas 吸收状态气体（或瓦斯）<14> absorbent for confining spills 限制溢出物蔓延的吸收性材料<15> Acceptance check and reception systems of plant 设备验收交接制度<16> Acceptance regulation of equipment repair quality 设备修理质量验收制度<17> Accessible Means of Egress 易通行的疏散通道<18> Accident due to quality 质量事故<19> Accident management regulation of plant 设备事故管理制度<20> Accommodation stairway 简易楼梯<21> acousto-optic effect 声光效应<22> Added value rate of plant assets 设备资产增值率<23> Addressable alarm system 可编程（址）报警系统<24> Adjustable piston valve 活动式汽阀<25> Adjustable pressure limiting valve 可调限压阀<26> Adjustable retrictor valve 可调节流阀<27> Aerial extinguisher 航空灭火装置<28> Aerial ladder fire truck 云梯消防车<29> Afterbirth-like crystal 胞状晶<30> Agricultural fire pump 农用消防泵<31> Air inlet 进风口<32> Air lift pump 气泡泵<33> Air pressure balance for fire control 均压防灭火<34> Air－foam fire branch 空气泡沫枪<35> Air-lift pump 气升泵<36> Airport crash fire vehicle 机场消防车<37> Alarm 报警<38> Alarm (in control room) （控制室内）报警<39> Alarm and protection system 报警保护系统<40> Alarm device 报警装置<41> Alarm display panel 报警显示器<42> Alarm for voltage 电压报警器<43> Alarm gamma ray survey 报警器伽玛测量<44> Alarm of fire 火灾警报<45> Alarm pressure 报警压力<46> Alarm signal 报警信号<47> Alarm system 报警系统<48> Alarm unit 报警单元<49> Alcohol resistant foam concentrate 抗溶泡沫液<50> Alert data 报警数据<51> Amino group powder 氨基干粉<52> An1quan2fang1mian4de5wei1xian3 安全方面的危险<53> Analog warning accuracy 模拟报警精度<54> analog warning test 模拟报警试验<55> analogue detection and alarm system 模拟量探测报警系统<56> Ancient and rare trees 古树名木<57> Annular pressure loss 环空泵压损失<58> Anti-burning mechanical draft cooling tower 阻燃型冷却塔<59> Anti-collision warning device 防碰报警装置<60> Appliance carrying fire vehicle 器材消防车<61> Aqueous film forming foam concentrate 水成膜泡沫液<62> arc resistance 耐电弧性<63> Area of Refuge 避难区域<64> Areal (departmental) repair center 地区（部门）修理中心<65> Arson 放火<66> Automatic explosion suppression system 自动抑爆系统<67> Automatic fire a1arm system 火灾自动报警系统<68> Automatic fire alarm system 火灾自动报警系统<69> automatic fire equipment 自动消防设备<70> Automatic fire signa1 自动火灾信号<71> automatic light control 自动光强控制装置<72> Automatic sprinkling fire extinguishing system 自动喷水灭火系统<73> Auxiliary fire vehicle 后援消防车<74> average deviation 平均偏差<75> Average pump pressure 平均泵压<76>a.a.r against all risk 综合险，保一切险，保全险<77>AA auto-alarm 自动报警<78>AAB Aircraft Accident Board 飞行事故调查委员会<79>AAC automat and automatical control 自动装置与自动控制<80>AACC American automatic control council 美国自动控制委员会<81>AACC American Association for Contamination control 美国控制污染协会<82>AAE American Association of Engineers 美国工程师协会<83>AAEC Australian Atomic Energy commission 澳大利亚原子能委员会<84>AAEE American Association of Electrical Engineers 美国电气工程师委员会<85>AAJ Architectural Association of Japan 日本建筑协会<86>AAR aircraft accident report 飞机事故报告<87>AAS American Association for the advancement of Science 美国科学促进协会<88>Ab air-breaker 空气断路器B部分<1> baby Bangor [消]小拉梯〈一种没有绳索和滑轮的拉梯，主要用于建筑物内部〉<2> back flame [消]复燃火焰〈熄灭后再燃的火焰〉<3> back pack [消]背包式灭火器〈背负的五加仑灭火器，内装泵，用于扑救草地和灌木丛〉<4> back pack pump tank 背负式带泵灭火器<5> back pack pump tank fire extinguisher [消]小型背负泵式灭火器<6> back pressure valve 止回阀，背压阀<7> back scattering 反向（后向）散射<8> back stair 后楼梯，辅助楼梯<9> back staircase 后楼梯，辅助楼梯间<10> back step [消]（消防车的）后踏板<11> back stopping [矿]上向梯段回采<12> back strack 由原路退回<13> back stretch [消]反向铺设水带<14> back up 1、备用的，候补的2、倒转，回退<15> back-up battery 备用电源<16> back-up breaker 备用断路器<17> Back-up safety functions 辅助安全功能<18> baffle 1、隔板 2、[消]水箱隔板 3、隔火板 4、缓冲板 5、导流叶片 6、遮护物<19> balanced system 1、[消]均衡系统 2、均衡系统，对称系统<20> Balancing pressure on stopping 均压防灭火<21> ball blanket [消]塑料球覆盖层<22> ball cock 浮球阀<23> ball hydrant [消]球形消防栓<24> ballast tank 1、压载水枪 2、压载舱<25> ball-float liquid-level meter 球形浮子液面计<26> Base injection foam extinguishing system 液下喷射泡沫灭火系统<27> Beat fireproof 建防火带<28> Bell character 报警字符<29> Biological Chip 生物芯片<30> biplane butterfly valve 平板蝶阀<31> Blower extinguishment 风机灭火<32> Blow-off valve seat 放水阀座<33> Boiler safety valve 安全阀<34> Boilor check valve seat 止回阀座<35> Branch crystal 树枝晶<36> Budget of installation 安装预算<37> bulk range 喷射距离<38> Burn (Verb) 燃烧(动词)<39> Burning behaviour 燃烧性能<40> Bursting 爆裂<41> butterfly valve 蝴蝶阀<42> by-pass valve 旁通阀C部分<0> Cabinet extinguishing equipment 柜式灭火装置<1> Cabinet foam extinguishing eguipment 柜式泡沫灭火装置<2> cabinet foam extinguishing equipment [消]柜式泡沫灭火装置<3> cabinet type hose washing machine [消]柜式洗水带机<4> cable line-type fixed temperature detector [消]缆式线型定温探测器〈采用缆式线结构的线型定温探测器〉<5> cable tray fire break 电缆槽盒阻火物<6> cable vault 电缆进线室<7> cable-tray penetration 电缆槽盒穿透（度）<8> cable-tray temperature sensor 缆式温度传感器<9> calamity damage insurance 火灾保险<10> calculation of probabilities [林]可能性推算<11> calibration criterion 校准标准<12> call back 1、[消]火灾报警箱 2、[英]公用电话亭 3、[消]召回<13> Calorific potential 潜热能<14> camp boss [林]营地管理员〈负责建立和管理一个消防营地的人〉<15> campaign fire [林]战役火灾〈要花一天以上才能扑灭的森林火灾〉<16> campfire [林]营火<17> camshaft 凸轮轴，分配轴<18> can [口][消]灭火器<19> Canadian Association of fire Chiefs 加拿大消防长官协会<20> Canadian Association of fire Investigators 加拿大火灾调查委员会<21> Canadian Automotive Rescue Society 加拿大汽车救援协会<22> Canadian Centre for Emergency Preparedness 加拿大应急准备中心<23> Candela 坎德拉<24> Capital investment recovery period of plant 设备投资产出比<25> Carbon dioxide extinguishing agent 二氧化碳灭火剂<26> Carbon dioxide extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火系统<27> Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火器<28> Carbon dioxide fire vehicle 二氧化碳消防车<29> casting-state structure 铸态组织<30> Catchpit 集流坑<31> Ceiling screen 挡烟垂壁<32> Central alarm station 中央报警站<33> Central fire alarm control unit 集中火灾报警控制器<34> Centralized maintenance 集中维修<35> centrifugal pump 离心泵<36> Centrifugal pump drainage 离心泵排水<37> Centrifugal water pump 离心式水泵<38> Check point 检测点<39> Check valve 止回阀<40> Chemical foam 化学泡沫<41> Chemical reaction extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器<42> Chemical reaction fire extinguisher 化学反应式灭火器<43> Chimney effect 烟囱效应<44> Chip 芯片<45> Chute rail smoke extinguishing system 滑道架式烟雾灭火系统<46> CIF of imported equipment 进口设备到岸价<47> city fire station 城镇消防站<48> city path for fire wehicles 城镇消防通道<49> Claims for equipment 设备索赔<50> Class A A类火<51> Class B B类火<52> Class C C类火<53> Class D D类火<54> class of safety protection 安全防护等级<55> Classified management of plant 设备分级管理<56> CO&sub2; fire extinguishing system 二氧化碳灭火<57> Cocrystallization 共晶体<58> Coefficient of pump pressure 泵压系数<59> Coercionary service system 强制保养制<60> coercive force 矫顽力<61> Combination of design, manufacturing and operation 设计、制造与使用相结合<62> combination of professional management and mass management 专业管理与群众管理相结合<63> Combination of repair, modernization and renewal 修理、改造与更新相结合<64> Combination of service and planned maintenance 维护与计划检修相结合<65> combination of technical management and economic management 技术管理与经济管理相结合<66> Combination type fire detector 复合式火灾探测器<67> Combined agent extinguishing system 混合灭火系统<68> Combined extinguishing 综合灭火<69> Combined maintenance 混合维修<70> Combined smoke and powder extinguishing system 烟雾干粉联用灭火系统<71> combustibility 可燃性<72> Combustiblc 可燃的<73> Combustion 燃烧<74> Command and communication fire vehicle 通讯指挥消防车<75> Commodity inspection 商检（商品检验）<76> complete discharge 完全喷射<77> Complete set of plant 设备的成套性<78> Complexity coefficient of repair 修理复杂系数<79> Comprehensive utilization ratio of plant 设备综合利用率<80> Compressed air pump drainage 压气泵排水<81> Constitution ratio of plant 设备构成比<82> containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统[压水堆]<83> contract change and cancellation 合同变更与解除<84> control valve 调节阀<85> Coordinate Bond 配价键<86> Coordination Compound 配位化合物<87> Copper 铜<88> core spray system 堆芯喷淋系统[沸水堆]<89> Corridor 走廊<90> cost for re-building the historical and cultural relics 文物建筑重建费<91> Criticality alarm system 临界报警系统<92> crystal boundary 晶界<93> Crystal particle 晶粒<94> ctric spark 电火花<95> Current consumption at alarm 报警电流<96> current density 电流密度<97> cyindrical plug valve 圆柱形转阀<98> cylindrical crystal 柱状晶<99> cylindrical valve 圆筒阀<100>CAFS compressed air foam system [消]压缩空气泡沫系统D部分<0> dabo 护墙板，墙裙<1> Dahill hoist 达希尔升降机〈一种以压缩气体为动力的升降机〉<2> daily burning cycle [林]日火烧周期〈24小时的燃烧周期，从上午10算起〉<3> daily activity level [林]日常活动等级<6> damage 损害，损失<7> damage area [消]1、烧毁面积 2、受损地区，毁坏地区<8> damage control tender [消]防损车〈用于预防或减少灭火战斗中水渍等损失的消防车〉<9> damage length 烧毁长度〈烧毁面积在特定的方向的最大距离〉<10> damagerous articles package 危险品包装<11> Damkohler number 丹姆克尔数<12> damming 修筑隔墙<13> damp atmosphere 湿大气<14> damp down fire (用沙子灭等)灭火，消火<15> damped 被（瓦斯）窒息的<16> damper control 风门控制装置<17> damposcope 爆炸瓦斯指示器<18> danger index [林]火险指数<19> danger meter [林]火险尺（法）<20> Dangerous Chemical Substances or Hazardous Chemicals 化学危险物品<21> data processing system security 数据处理系统安全性<22> Data security 数据安全<23> Date of residual magnetism 剩磁数据<24> dead air 1、含有大量CO2的空气。
爆破英汉词汇
Abel’s heat test 阿贝尔加热试验Accepting behavior 受爆性能Acceptor charge 受爆装药，被发药包Accordion fold Z形折叠Adjacent hole blasting 相邻孔爆破Advance 进尺After damp 炮烟，爆后气体After gases 炮烟，爆后气体Aging 老化Agricultural blasting 农业爆破Air blast 爆风，爆炸气浪Air bubble curtain 气泡帷幕Air dox 压气爆破筒，艾尔道克斯筒Air-operated blasting device 压气爆破落媒器Aluminum detonator 铝壳雷管Ammonia gelatine dynamite 硝铵胶质代那买特Ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵Ammonium nitrate dynamite 硝铵代那买特Ammonium nitrate explosives 硝铵类炸药Ammonium nitrate prill 多孔粒状硝铵ANFO explosives 铵油炸药ANFO loader 铵油炸药装药器Angle shot mortar test 角射臼炮试验Angle(d) cut 斜孔掏槽，楔形掏槽Anti-static electric detonator 抗静电雷管Area blasting 多排孔爆破，面爆破Auger rock drill 螺旋钻机Baby cut 空孔掏槽，小型掏槽，子掏槽Back 顶板Back break 超挖，超爆Back explosive 退库炸药Back flash 逆向爆风Ball charge 球形药包Ballistic mortar test 弹道臼炮试验Ballistic pendulum test 弹道摆试验Base charge 底部装药，孔底装药Bedding 层理Bench cut 梯段采掘，台阶采掘Bench cut blasting 梯段爆破，台阶爆破bench round cut 交替摆式掏槽（双侧水窝掏槽）Black blasting powder 黑火药Black damp 窒息气体Blast 爆破，爆炸Blast pressure 爆风压Blasters’ permit 爆破员许可证Blasting 爆破，放炮Blasting accessories 爆破辅助器材Blasting agent 爆破剂Blasting cap 雷管Blasting equipment 爆破辅助器材Blasting explosives 爆破炸药Blasting fume 炮烟Blasting machine 起爆器，发爆器，放炮器Blasting mat 爆破帘，爆破覆盖材料Blasting supplies 爆破器材，爆破火工品Bleed of gas 瓦斯喷出Blind shot 闷炮，盲炮Blister shooting 覆土爆破，湖炮Block caving 矿块崩落法Blow of gas 瓦斯喷出Blow pipe 吹管Blown out 瞎火Blown out shot 空炮，空爆Blown through 漏气，贯通，穿透Boom 钻臂Booster 传爆药，助爆药Bootleg 炮根，残炮，炮窝Borehole 炮孔，钻孔Borehole diameter 炮孔直径Boring 炮孔，钻孔boring cut 大孔掏槽Bottom charge 底部装药，孔底装药Bottom heading tunneling 下导硐超前掘进Bottom hole 底板炮孔，拉底炮孔Bottom priming 孔底起爆，反向起爆Bottom priming mortar test 臼炮反向起爆试验Boulder blasting 二次爆破，解炮，巨石爆破box cut 箱形掏槽Break 断路Break away of detonation 爆轰中断Breakage 破碎程度，块度Breast stoping 全面回采法，水平推进回采法Bringing the coal down by hinged bar 前伸梁采煤，铰接顶梁采煤Brisance 猛度Buffer blasting 缓冲爆破，压碴爆破Bulk explosives 散装炸药Bulk loading 散装Bullet impact test 射击感度试验Bump 岩石突出，岩爆Burden 抵抗线，荷载Burn cut 直孔掏槽，线形掏槽，直眼掏槽Burn hole 中空孔，空炮眼Burn out cut 直孔掏槽，线形掏槽Burning time 燃烧时间Burning velocity 燃烧速度Butt 炮根，炮窝Butt level 盘区平巷，顺槽Caking 结块Cap and fuse blasting 雷管导火索起爆，导火索起爆Cap crimper 雷管卡口器，雷管钳Cap insensitivity 雷管不起爆性，雷管钝感Cap sensitivity 雷管起爆性，雷管感度Capacity tester of condenser type blasting machine 电容式起爆器的起爆能力试验器Capped cartridge 起爆药卷Capped fuse 导火索雷管，装有导火索雷管Card gap test 隔板殉爆试验Cartridge 药卷Cartridge coupler 药卷联结筒Cartridge diameter 药卷直径Cartridge for power actuated fastening tool 射钉枪弹药筒Cartridge length 药卷长度Cartridge weight 药卷重量Caved stopes 崩落回采法Cementation 烧结，硬化center cut 中心掏槽center priming 中心起爆certificate for operating explosives 炸药作业员合格证书chamber 药室，硐室chamber blasting 药室爆破，硐室爆破channel effect 沟槽效应，管道效应characteristics of explosives 炸药特征charge 装药charge limit 临界药量，极限装药量charge quantity 药量，装药量charging 装药choke damp 窒息性气体chute 溜井chute blasting 溜井爆破，消除溜井堵塞爆破circuit 导通，电路circuit test 电路检测，通断试验circuit tester 电路检测仪，爆破电桥cleaning 清理浮石，刷帮clearance blasting 空隙爆破cleat 割理，石纹cleavage 劈理，解理clover leaf cut 苜宿叶式掏槽，三叶草形掏槽coal blasting 采煤爆破，爆破落煤coal cutter 采煤机coal dust 煤尘coal dust explosion 煤尘爆炸coal dust test 煤尘试验coal face 煤层开挖面coal mining ammonium nitrate explosives 煤矿硝铵炸药coal pick 采煤风镐coal planer 刨煤机coal plough 刨煤机coefficient for counting charge quantity 药量计算系数coefficient of blasting 爆破系数coefficient of detonation transmission 殉爆度，爆轰传递系数coefficient of explosive 炸药（换算）系数coefficient of rock resistance 岩石抗力系数coefficient of temping 填塞系数collar priming 正向起爆，孔口起爆collaring a hole 开孔，开钻column charge 柱状装药，柱状药包combustible 可燃物combustion 燃烧combustion limit 燃烧界限combustion of explosive 炸药燃烧complete detonation 完全爆轰concentrated charge 集中装药concrete breaker 混凝土破碎器concussion of blasting 爆破震动condenser type blasting machine 电容式起爆器confined blasting 约束爆破confined detonation velocity 约束爆轰度confined gap test 约束殉爆试验confining effect 约束效应connecting wire 辅助母线，支线，区域线connection 卡口，联结connection of wire 联线，接线consumption of explosives 炸药消耗contour (perimeter) blasting 周边爆破，光面爆破contour (perimeter) hole 周边炮孔controlled blasting 控制爆破cooling agent 冷却剂，消焰剂coromant cut 克罗曼特掏槽，双空孔掏槽coupling effect 偶合效应coyote blasting 硐室爆破，药室爆破crack 裂隙，裂缝crater 爆破漏斗crater cut 漏斗掏槽crater index 爆破作用指数crater radius 爆破漏斗半径crater test 爆破漏斗试验crawler drill 履带式钻车crevice blow 打横炮，爆炸气体从裂隙中喷出crimping 卡口，将雷管夹紧在导火索上critical current 临界电流critical decouping 临界不偶合系数critical diameter 临界直径critical distance 临界距离critical point of explosion 临界爆点cross cut 石门cross section of heading 巷道断面crushed region 破坏范围cushion blasting 缓冲爆破，空气间隔装药爆破cushion effect 缓冲效应cushion piece 间隔物，垫层cut 掏槽cut and fill method 充填回采法cut hole 掏槽孔cut spreader hole 辅助掏槽孔，扩槽孔cut-off 切断cut-off hole 炮孔切断，炮孔拒爆cutter coal getting 截煤机采煤cuttings 钻屑，岩屑cylinder cut 筒形掏槽cylindrical charge 柱状装药damp 瓦斯，沼气Dautriche detonation velocity test method 道特里什爆速测定法Dead pressure 压死Debris 弃碴，矿碴Decimal-second delay electric denotator 分秒延期电雷管Deck charge 分段装药，间隔装药Deck loading 分段装药，间隔装药Decoupling effect 不偶合效应Decupling index 不偶合系数Deflagration 爆燃Delay blasting 延期爆破，迟发爆破Delay electric detonator 延期电雷管，迟发电雷管Delay irregularity 延期串段，串段Delay number 段号，段数Detonability limit 爆轰界限Detonating cord 导爆索Detonating fuse blasting 导爆索起爆Detonating relay 继爆管Detonation 爆轰Detonation fuse 导爆索Detonation pressure 爆轰压力Detonation velocity 爆速Detonation velocity test 爆速试验Detonation wave 爆轰波Detonator 雷管Development blasting 井巷掘井爆破Digging blasting 掘井爆破，土石方爆破Direct priming 正向起爆，孔口起爆Dirt 弃碴Disposal cap 废弃雷管Disposal of explosives 炸药销毁Disruptive explosives 烈性炸药Ditch blasting 挖沟爆破，堑沟爆破Donor charge 主发药包，主爆装药Double clover leaf cut 双苜宿叶（三叶草）形掏槽Double spiral cut 双螺旋掏槽Down-the-hole drill 潜孔钻机Drag 耙斗装岩机，掏勺Draw cut 拉槽，底部掏槽Drift 巷道Drift round 巷道掘进炮孔组Drifter 重型凿岩机，架式凿岩机Drifting blasting 巷道掘进爆破Drill bit 钻头Drill carriage 钻孔台车，凿岩台车Drill cuttings 钻屑Drill jumbo 钻孔台车Drill rod 钻杆Drilling 凿岩，钻眼Drilling and blasting 钻孔爆破Drilling machine 钻机Drilling pattern 钻孔布置，炮孔排列Drilling speed 钻孔速度Drop ball 落锤Drop hammer test 落锤试验Drum cutter 滚筒截煤机Druse 空穴，岩洞，药壶DS blasting 分秒爆破Dust explosion 粉尘爆炸Dynamic effect 动效应Dynamite 代那买特Dynamite punch 药包戳孔棒Easer shot 扩槽，辅助爆破Efficiency of borehole 炮孔利用率Effluence of gas 瓦斯溢流Elastic wave exploration 弹性波勘探Electric blasting cap 电雷管Electric detonator 电雷管Electric firing 电点火，电力起爆Electrical blasting 电力起爆Emission of gas 瓦斯散出Emulsion explosives 乳化炸药EqS explosives EqS炸药，当量被筒炸药Excavation method 开挖方法Excitation time 激发时间，激励时间Exciting behavior 激爆性能Exciting energy 点火能量Exploder 起爆器，发爆器，放炮器Exploitation blasting 井巷掘进爆破，采掘爆破Explosion 爆炸Explosion door 防护门，爆炸安全门Explosion effect 爆炸效应Explosion flash 爆焰Explosion gas 爆生气体Explosion temperature 爆温Explosive casting 爆炸铸造Explosive cladding 爆炸压合，爆炸复合Explosive compaction 爆炸压缩，爆炸压实Explosive cutting 爆炸切割Explosive expanding 爆炸扩管Explosive factory 爆炸加工房Explosive forming 爆炸成形Explosive hardening 爆炸硬化Explosive jointing 爆炸压接，爆炸连接Explosive lining 爆炸镶衬Explosive reserve station 炸药存放站Explosive substances 爆炸物，爆炸材料Explosive welding 爆炸焊接Explosive working 爆炸加工Explosives 炸药，爆炸物Explosives Control Law 炸药管理法规Explosives for geophysical exploration 物探用爆炸器材Explosives for underwater blasting 水下爆破用爆炸器材Explosives staff 炸药保管员Extended charge 延长药包，柱状药包External charge blasting 外部装药爆破Extinguish 熄火Extraneous electricity 外来电Exudation 渗油Face 工作面，开挖面Failed hole 残孔，失效炮孔Failure theory of principal tensile stress 主拉应力破坏理论Fall hammer test 落锤试验Falling rock 落石Falling weight test 落锤试验Fan cut 扇形掏槽Fast shot 空炮，爆破效果不良的炮孔Fault 断层Figure-8-fold 8字形折叠Filled stopes 充填回采法Fire damp 瓦斯，沼气Fire-damp explosion 瓦斯爆炸Firing 发火，爆破，放炮Firing circuit 爆破网络，点火电路Firing current 发火电流Fix 紧固Flame 火焰，火舌Flame coolant 消焰剂Flame of shot 爆焰Flash-over capability 殉爆感度，殉爆能力Floor hole 底板水平炮孔Floor ripping blasting 落底爆破，卧底爆破Flue coal dust 浮游煤尘Fly rock 飞石Fold 褶皱Force of explosives 炸药力，比能Fragmentation 破碎Fragmented rock 浮石，爆破松动的岩石Free acid test 游离酸试验Free flowing 流散性，自由流动性Free running 流散性，自由流动性Free surface 自由面Friction sensitivity 摩擦感度Full face round 全断面掘进炮孔组Full-size tunneling shot 全断面掘进，全断面隧道爆破Fume 炮烟Function of crater index 爆破作用指数函数Fuse cutter 导火索剪断器，导火索割刀Fuse lighter 导火索点火管Gallery test 巷道试验Gangue mineral 脉石，废石Gap sensitivity 殉爆感度Gap test 殉爆试验Gap test on sand 沙上殉爆试验Gas colliery 瓦斯煤矿Gas detect 瓦斯检测Gas detector 瓦斯检测仪Gas detector for mine gas 井下瓦斯检测仪Gas drainage 瓦斯抽放Gas outburst 瓦斯突出Gas test 瓦斯试验Geizzly blasting 溜井爆破，格筛爆破Gelatine dynamite 胶质代那买特Gelignite 吉里那特（炸药）Geophysical exploration 地球物理探矿Geophysical prospecting 地球物理探矿Getting coal by link bar 前伸梁采煤，铰接顶梁采煤Glory-hole method 漏斗采矿法Gripper 掘进机Guide hole 导向孔，超前孔Half cartridge test 半药卷试验Half second delay electric detonator 半秒延期电雷管Hand hammer 手持式风钻Hang fire 迟爆，迟炮Harmful gas 有害气体Hauser’s equation of blasting 豪泽爆破公式Heading 掘进工作面Heading blasting 掘进爆破，硐室爆破Heading excavation method of lower part of upper half cross-section 上半断面下部导坑掘进法heat of explosion 爆热heat sensitivity test 热感度试验heating test 加热试验heat-proof explosives 耐热炸药Hess brisance test 赫斯猛度试验High explosives 烈性炸药，高级炸药High safety explosives 高安全度炸药High sensitive 敏感Hole depth 炮孔深度，孔深Hole placement 钻孔布置，布孔horizonatal swing cut 水平摆式掏槽Horse 夹石，岩石夹层Hot holes blasting 高温炮孔爆破Hydraulic mining 水力开采法Hydraulic rock drill 液压凿岩机Ice jams blasting 冰凌爆破Igniter 点火器材Ignition 点火，起爆Ignition capacity 点燃性能，喷火性能Ignition delay period 点火滞后时间Ignition energy 点火能量Ignition impulse 点火冲量Ignition order 点火顺序，起爆顺序Ignition point 点火温度，发火点Ignition temperature 点火温度，发火点Impact sensitivity 撞击感度Inclined shaft 斜井Inclined stoping 斜坡开采法Indirect priming 反向起爆，孔底起爆Induction blasting 诱导爆破，感应爆破Industrial explosives 工业炸药Infusion blasting 注水爆破Infusion tube 注水管Initiating 起爆，放炮Initiation 起爆，放炮Insensitive explosive test 钝感炸药试验Instantaneous blasting 瞬发爆破，即发爆破Instantaneous electric detonator 瞬发电雷管，即发电雷管Instantaneous shot 瞬发爆破，即发爆破Inverse initiation 反向起爆，孔底起爆Inverted steps stoping 倒台阶式回采Ion exchanged explosives 离子交换型炸药Jack hammer 手持式凿岩机，轻型凿岩机Jet piercing 喷焰穿孔，热力穿孔Joint 节理Jumbo 钻孔台车Jumper 钢钎，钎子，冲击钻杆Kast brisance test 卡斯特猛度试验Kerf 掏槽，拉槽Kerf blasting 拉槽爆破Kink 纽结Lamination 层理Lance bar method 熔棒钻孔法Land development blasting 土地开发爆破Lateral burning 侧向喷火燃烧Leaching 溶浸法，浸析法Lead block expansion test 铅块（土寿）扩大试验Lead cylinder compression test 铅柱压缩试验Lead plate test 铅板试验Leading wire 爆破母线，爆破主线Leakage current 杂散电流，泄漏电流Leakage current detector 杂散电流测定仪Ledge blasting 突岩爆破，根底爆破Leg drill 支腿钻机Leg wire 脚线Level 水平线道，主巷道Licenser of explosives handling 合格炸药管理员Lifter 底板水平炮眼Lifter cut 拉底掏槽Light dynamite 低密度代那买特Light loading 低密度装药Lighting 引燃，点火Line blasting 单排孔爆破，线爆破Line drilling 线形钻孔，单派钻孔Line of the least resistance 最小抵抗线Loader 装药器Loading 装药Loading density 装药密度Long hole blasting 深孔爆破Long hole type blasting 深孔爆破Long wall coal mining 长壁采煤法Look-out 钻孔超线Loose part of rock 浮石，爆破松动的岩石，Low explosives 火药，低级炸药Low sensitive 钝感Low velocity detonation 低速爆轰Lump coal 块煤Magazine 炸药库Making-up a primer 装雷管，做炮头Maximum charge 最大装药量Measurement of fume 炮焰测定Methane gas 沼气，甲烷Michigan cut 密执安掏槽Millisecond delay electric blasting cap 毫秒延期电雷管Mine explosion 矿井爆炸Mine explosives 矿山炸药Mine gas 矿井瓦斯Mine Safety Law 矿山安全法Mineral dust explosion 矿尘爆炸Minimum burden 最小抵抗线Minimum firing current 最小发火电流Minimum firing energy 最小发火能量Misconnection 漏接，误接Misfire 不爆，拒爆，瞎火Misfired cap 拒爆雷管Mist blasting 喷水爆破Mixing truck 混装车Mortar test 臼炮试验MS blasting 毫秒爆破，微差爆破MS connector 毫秒继爆管Muck 弃碴，爆堆Muck pile 弃碴，爆堆Mucking 清碴，出碴Mudcap blasting 覆土爆破，湖炮Multiple row shot 多排孔爆破Munroe effect 门罗效应NATM method 新奥法Neumann effect 诺曼效应Nitrogel 胶质硝基化合物No cut 漏斗掏槽Noise of blasting 爆破噪音Non-cap sensitivity 雷管不起爆性，雷管钝感Non-confined detonation velocity 非约束爆速Non-electric initiation system 非电起爆系统Non-freezing dynamite 抗冻代那买特Non-permissible explosives 非许用炸药，非安全炸药Non-permitted explosives 非许用炸药，非安全炸药Normal charge 标准装药Number of delay 段数Number of holes 炮孔数Oblique cut 斜孔掏槽Oil well 油井，井孔On-site mixing 现场混制Open (face) blasting 露天爆破，明挖爆破Open overhand stopes 无支护向上台阶法Open stopes 无支护采矿法Open stopes with pillar supports 留矿柱空房采矿法，矿房矿柱法Open underhand stopes 无支柱向下台阶法Optimum charge 最佳装药量Ordinary delay electric detonator 普通延期电雷管Out break 超挖，超爆Outside blast 露天爆破Overbreak 超挖，超爆Overburden 覆盖层，剥离物Overburden drilling method 覆盖层钻孔法Overcharge 过量装药Overhand stoping 上向台阶式回采Overhang 悬垂状态，倒悬Overload 过量装药Oxidizer 氧化剂Oxidizing agent 氧化剂Oxygen balance 氧平衡Oxygen carrier 氧载体Packe 注水管Parallel connection 并联Parallel cut 平行掏槽Parallel-series connection 并串联Parting 夹石，夹层Peak current 峰值电流Perchlorate explosives 高氯酸盐炸药Percussion drill 冲击式凿岩机Perimeter blasting 光面爆破，周边爆破Permissible equipments 许用器材，安全器材Permissible explosives 许用炸药，安全炸药，检定炸药Permissible gelatin dynamite 安全胶质代那买特Permitted explosives 许用炸药，安全炸药，检定炸药Permitted store amount of explosive 炸药储存量Pick coal mining 分镐采煤Pilot excavation of upper half cross-section 上半断面超前开挖Pilot fuse 信号导火索Pilot hole 导向孔，中空孔，超前钻孔Pilot tunnel 导洞，超前导洞Pipe effect 管道效应Plain detonator 火雷管，普通雷管Plaster shooting 覆土爆破，湖炮Pocket 空穴，岩洞，药壶Pocket shot 药壶爆破Poisonous gas 有毒气体Porousprilled ammonium nitrate 多孔粒状硝铵Powder 火药Powder tube 药筒Powdery dynamite 粉状代那买特Powdery explosives 粉状炸药Power of explosion 炸药威力Power shovel 电铲，挖掘机Premature explosion 早爆Preshearing 预裂爆破Preslotting 预裂爆破Presplitting 预裂爆破Pressure resistant explosive 耐压炸药Pricke 药包戳孔棒Primary blasting 初次爆破Primed cartridge 起爆药卷，装有雷管的药卷Primer 起爆具，引爆药Primer cartridge 起爆药卷Priming charge 起爆装药Priming composition 起爆药，起爆剂Priming sensitivity 起爆感度Priming sensitivity by cap 雷管起爆感度Prism cut 棱形掏槽Protective dust 防爆岩粉Pulse infusion shot-firing 高压注水爆破，脉冲注水爆破Pump truck 泵入式装药车Pyramid cut 锥形掏槽，对称角柱掏槽Qualified blaster 合格爆破员Quantity of explosives 药量Quarry blasting 采石爆破，Quick burning 速燃Radial hole blasting 放射状炮孔爆破Raise round 向上掘进炮孔组，天井炮孔组Raker hole 辅助炮孔Rapid excavation & mining 高速射弹掘进法Rate of burning 燃烧速度Rating workers 定员Ravelly hole 不规则炮孔Reaction time 起爆反应时间Recepting behavior 受爆性能Receptor charge 被发药包Reduced distance 比例距离Reducer 消焰剂，还原剂Reflection method 反射法Refraction method 折射法Refuse 弃碴Relief blasting 辅助爆破Remainder of the charge 无雷管药包，殉爆药包Remained hole neck 残留孔口Remaining charge 残药Residual explosives 剩余炸药resistability of rock 岩石强调retreat 躲炮，躲避ring cut method 环状隧道开挖法rip blasting 落底爆破，卧底爆破ripping 挑顶rock bit 钻头rock burst 岩石突出，岩爆，冲击地压rock drill 凿岩机rock dust 岩粉rock dust barrier 岩粉棚rock dusting 岩粉撒布rock dusting method 岩粉撒布法rock pile 弃碴rod steel 钻杆roof 顶板roof hole 顶板炮孔，上向炮孔roof spreader hole 顶板辅助炮孔room and pillar method 房柱式开采法rotary drill 旋转式钻机rotary percussion drill 旋转冲击式钻机round 炮孔组rubbish 弃碴rules for the carriage and storage of dangerous goods in ship 危险品船舶运输及其储存规定safety 安全度safety distance 安全距离safety explosives 安全炸药，许用炸药safety foreman 安全员，安全班长safety fuse 安全导火索，导火索safety handbook for explosive management 炸药管理安全手册safety test 安全试验safety thing 安全设施sand blow-gun 填沙喷枪sand stemming 沙炮泥scaling 清理浮石，刷帮scattering stone 飞石schistosity 片理Scraper 耙斗装岩机，掏勺seam cut 缝式掏槽，龟裂掏槽seam road blasting 煤巷爆破secondary blasting 二次爆破，解炮seismic exploration 地震探矿seismic prospecting 地震探矿seismograph electric detonator 地震探矿用电雷管seismograph explosives 地震探矿用炸药sensitiveness 感度，敏感度sensitivity 感度，敏感度sensitizer 敏化剂separation distance 安全距离，间距series connection 串联series-in parallel connection 串并联shaft sinking round 凿井炮孔组shaped charge 聚能炸药，成形炸药sharp inclined coal cutting method 急倾斜采煤法shatter cut 粉碎性掏槽shear failure theory 剪切破坏理论shear shooting 竖切槽爆破sheathed explosives 被筒炸药shock effect 冲击效应shock in water 水中冲击波shock wave 冲击波shock wave failure theory 冲击波破坏理论shooting 爆破，放炮shooting test 射击感度试验shooting-off the solid 不掏槽爆破，整体爆破short bench cut method 短台阶开挖法short circuit 短路short delay detonator 毫秒延期电雷管，微差电雷管short hole type blasting 短孔爆破，浅孔爆破short wall mining 短壁采煤法shot 爆破，放爆shot firer 爆破员，放炮工shot firing cable 爆破母线，爆破主线shot hole 装药炮孔，爆破孔shovel loader 装载机，铲装机shower blasting 喷雾洒水爆破shrinkage stoping 留矿回采法shute 溜井，格筛side blow 打横炮，爆炸气体喷出裂缝side drift 横硐，分支巷道side heading 侧导坑超前掘进silent crusher 静态破碎剂，无声破碎剂silicified wood 硅化木夹石simultaneous blasting 齐发爆破，同时爆破single row shot 单排孔爆破sinking round 向下掘进炮孔组，凿井炮孔组skull breaker 炉瘤破碎，炉瘤爆破sleeve 套筒，接头slip 断层slope 倾斜巷道，斜井sludge 钻屑slurry explosives 浆状炸药smooth blasting 光面爆破snake hole blasting 蛇穴爆破snow slide blasting 崩雪爆破socket 炮根，炮窝solid shooting 不掏槽爆破，整体爆破spacer 间隔物，惰性隔离炮塞spacing 炮孔间距specially permitted operation zone 特许区域specific energy 比能，炸药力specific volume 比容spent shot 无效爆破spiral cut 螺旋掏槽split blasting 劈裂爆破，碎裂爆破spontaneous decomposition 自然分解spontaneous explosion 自然爆炸spray application of concrete 喷射混凝土spread blasting 辅助爆破springing shot 药壶爆破square-set stoping 方框支架回采法stability 安定性stability test 安定性试验stage blasting 分段爆破staggered drilling 交错排列钻孔stand-off 炸高，聚能炸药安置高度static effect 静效应stationary detonation velocity 稳定爆速steel mill furnace tapper 爆炸开口器，平炉射孔弹stemmer 炮棍stemming 炮泥，填炮泥stemming materials 炮泥，填塞物step cut 分步拉槽stone dust 岩粉stone dust barrier 岩粉棚stone dusting 岩粉撒布stone dusting method 岩粉撒布法stope back 采场顶板stoping hole 扩槽炮孔，回采炮孔stopper 向上伸缩式凿岩机storage of explosives 炸药储存stray current 杂散电流stray current detector 杂散电流测定仪strength 威力strength of rock 岩石强度stress relieving 预裂爆破stress wave 应力波structure 构造stulled stoping 横撑支柱回采法stump blasting 拔树桩爆破subdrilling 超钻，钻孔加深subgrade drilling 超钻，钻孔加深sublevel caving 分段崩落采矿法sublevel stoping 分段平巷开采法，中段采掘法submarine blasting 水下爆破sudden spontaneous firing 误爆，意外自爆sumping cut 槽式掏槽（单侧水窝掏槽）supported stopes 支护开采法surface blasting 露天爆破，表面爆破surplus lining 超量衬砌surveying reference point 测量参考点，测量基准点suspending coal dust 浮游煤尘suspending coal dust test 浮游煤尘试验swing cut 摆式掏槽，扇形掏槽sympathetic detonation 殉爆tamper 炮泥充填器tamping 填塞，炮泥tamping pole 炮棍，装药棒tamping rod 炮棍，装药棒tamping stick 炮棍，装药棒tamplate 模板test blasting 试验爆破testing gallery 试验巷道theory of blasting 爆破理论thirl 联络巷道thirling 联络巷道through –cut 明挖tight loading 密实装药timber blasting 伐树爆破，木材爆破timbered stoping 支护开采法time lag 段差，延时to blast 放炮，爆破to break 落煤，崩矿，破碎to charge 装药to fire 放炮，起爆to form circuit 导通to load 装填to stem 填塞，堵炮泥to tamp 填塞，堵炮泥toe blasting 拉底爆破toe cut 拉底槽toe hole 拉底炮孔top charge 上部装药top cut 拉顶槽top slicing 分层崩落toxic gas 有毒气体trangle born cut 三角直孔掏槽transient cut 过渡性掏槽transportation of explosives 炸药运输Trauzl’s lead block (expansion) test 特劳茨铅块（土寿）扩大试验Trenching shot 挖沟爆破Triangle cut 三角掏槽Trim blast 修边爆破Trimming 切口Trimming hole 修边炮孔TS system 毫秒起爆器Tunnel boring machine TBM隧道掘进机Tunneling blasting 隧道掘进爆破Ultrasonic vibration drilling 超声频振动钻孔Uncomplete explosion 不完全爆炸Unconfined blasting 外部装药爆破Unconfined gap test 非约束殉爆试验Underbreak 墙挖Underdrilling 超钻Underground blasting 地下爆破，井下爆破Underhand stoping 下向回采法Underload 弱装药，欠装Underwater blasting 水下爆破Uplift blasting 上向爆破，抬炮Upover bench stoping 仰挖台阶式回采，倒台阶式回采Urbane civil engineering blasting 城市土木工程爆破V cut V形掏槽Vater-gel explosives 水胶炸药Vein stuff 脉石，废石Ventilating air 通风，通气Ventilation 通风，通气vertical swing cut 垂直向上摆式掏槽Vibration blasting 震动爆破Vibration of blasting 爆破震动Wagon drill 轮胎钻车Wall 侧壁，侧墙Wall hole 侧墙炮孔，帮眼Warehouse of explosives except magazine 库外炸药存放站Warning fuse 警告导火索Waster 矸石，尾矿，废石Waster rock 弃碴，石碴Water hole blasting 水孔爆破Water infusion 注水Water jet method 水射流法Water-cooled blasting 水冷爆破Water-proof charge 防水药包Wedge cut 楔形掏槽，斜孔掏槽Well 井孔，大直径炮孔Well shooting 油井射孔Whole cartridge test 全药卷试验Wide space blasting 宽孔距爆破Wing 横硐Wire blasting 有线起爆Wireless blasting 无线起爆Wiring 联线，接线Withdrawal blasting 排除盲炮爆破Without timbering 无支护Working effect 作功效应Working face 工作面，开挖面Working place 工作面，开挖面中国公安部－爆炸物名称一、炸药类硝基胍Nitroguanidine, NQ硝基脲Nitrourea二硝基苯Dinitrobenzene, DNB二硝基萘Dinitronaphthalene二硝基甲苯Dinitrotoluene, DNT三硝基苯Trinitrobenzene, TNB三硝基甲苯（梯恩梯）Trinitrotoluene, TNT三硝基苯酚（苦味酸）Picric acib三硝基苯甲醚Trinitroanisole三硝基二甲苯（克西里尔）Trinitroxylene, TNX三硝基苯甲硝胺Tetryl, CE四硝基苯胺Tetranitroaniline, TNA六硝基二苯胺（海西尔）Hexyl, HNDP环三亚甲基三硝胺（黑索金，硝宇）Hexogen, RDX环四亚甲基四硝胺（奥克托金）Octogen, HMX硝化甘油（丙三醇三硝酸脂）Nitroglycerine, NG二硝化乙二醇（乙二醇二硝酸脂）Ethyleneglycol dinirate, EGDN季戊四醇四硝酸脂（泰安，喷特儿）Pentaerythrol tetranirate, PETN 硝化纤维素（含氮量在12.5%以上的）Nitrocellulose, NC胶质炸药（代那买特）Dynammites光面爆破专用炸药Smooth blasting explosives铵梯炸药Ammonium nitrate explosives浆状炸药Slurries explosives水胶炸药Water gel explosives乳化炸药（乳胶炸药）Emulsion explosives铵油炸药Ammoium nitrate fuel oil, ANFO塑性炸药Plastic explosives橡皮炸药Rubber explosives石油射孔弹Perforation of oil wells shell硝化甘油炸药Gelignite二、雷管火雷管Blasting cap, plain detonator瞬发电雷管Instantaneous electric detonator秒延期电雷管Delay detonator毫秒延期电雷管Millisecond delay detonator传爆管Booster三、导火索Safety fuse四、导爆索Detonating cord五、起爆药雷汞Mercury fulminate雷银Silver fulminate迭氮化铅Lead azide三硝基间苯二酚铅（斯蒂芬酸铅）Lead styphnate二硝基重氮酚Diazodinitrophenol, DDNP眯基亚硝胺眯基四氮烯（基特拉辛，泽四氮烯）Tetrazene爆破同义词拉槽爆破＝竖块爆破梅花形钻孔＝交错排列钻孔破碎程度＝快度齐发爆破＝同时爆破＝瞬时爆破起爆器＝发爆器＝放爆器梯段爆破＝台阶爆破填塞＝堵孔殉爆感度＝殉爆能力殉爆＝诱爆约束效应＝密闭效应正向起爆＝孔口起爆周边孔＝轮廓孔＝修边孔＝外帮孔主发药包＝诱爆药爆＝励爆药包自由面＝临空面。
火电技术英语专业词汇
火力发电厂常用英语技术词汇boiler house: 锅炉房coal conveyor 输煤装置coal bunker: 煤仓coal mill: 磨煤机steam boiler, water boiler tube: 蒸汽锅炉，管式锅炉furnace(combustion chamber): 炉膛( 燃烧室) water tube: 水管ash pit 灰坑superheater: 过热器water preheater: 水预热器air preheater: 空气预热器gas duct(flue): 烟气管, 烟道dust collecting plant: 集尘室electrical precipitation plant: 电气除尘室induced draught fan: 引风机chimney: 烟囱deaerator: 除氧器feed water tank: 供水箱boiler feed pump: 给水泵switchgear: 开关设备cable tunnel: 电缆通道cable cellar: 电缆槽turbine room: 汽轮机室steam turbine with alternator: 蒸汽汽轮发电机组economizer: 省煤器steam drum: 汽包surface condenser: 表面凝汽low-pressure preheater: 低压预热器circulating water pipe(pump): 循环水管control room: 控制室electrostatic dust remover(precipitator): 静电除尘器pulverizer 磨煤机slag pump 灰渣泵thermal cycle: 热力循环(net)heat rate: （净）热耗率Assemblie: 集合，集结，组装comment 注释，评论module : 模块standby: 备用proximity 相近，接近，亲近detector: 探测器bracket: 支架interlocks 互锁，联锁axial: 轴向的surge conditions: 喘振: accessory: 附件pulsation: 有节奏的跳动，跳动fossil fired: 燃煤intent: 意图，目的，意向intend: 意指，想要，打算consistent: 一致的，调和的practice: 惯例，实习，实践intrinsic: 固有的，内在的procurement 获得，获取fabrication: 制作，构成，伪造物vent: 通风孔，出烟孔，出口，放出，排出，noncondensible gas: 不凝结气体intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的blowdown : 排污tank: 桶，箱，罐diagram: 图表deaerator: 除氧器corrosion : 侵蚀，腐蚀状态concentration 集中，集合，浓缩，浓度recommend 推荐，介绍，托付，劝告abnormal and normal conditions: 变工况和额定工况warm up: 暖机acid wash: 酸洗scale: 范围，水垢，水锈，比例，刻度sludge :: 污泥，淤泥foreign matter: 不相关的物质facilitate: 推动，促进，使简化multistage: 多级的remote control: 遥控safety relief valve: 安全卸压阀gauge: 量规，量表，测量manhole: 人孔，检修孔equivalent: 等价物，相等的forging:: 锻造seat: 部位，座socket welding: 管座焊接enthalpy: 焓estimate: 评价，评估，估价parameters 参数，参量nominal : 名义上的，额定的，标称的MS —Main Steam : 主蒸汽Cycle:: 循环Intercept: 截止Fetting: 附件Gage:: 规，表，压力计Taps: 接头test wells: 测点插孔stress-relieved: 应力消除thermometer: 恒温计steam purge system: 蒸汽吹扫系统centrifugal type pumps: 离心式泵friction losses: 磨擦损失solenoid: 螺线管modulat: 调整，调节criteria: 标准wrenches: 扳手pipe taps: 管接头.A List of Abbreviations and Symbols in English-ChineseA ::Ash Handling System: 除灰系统AH :Air Heater: 空气预热器AAh :Analyzer, Alarm High : 分析器，高值报警:: AIV :Air Intake Valve: 进气阀ALIGN Alignment: 校正ALKF :Airlock Feeder: 锁气器AP ::Ash Slurry Pump: 灰浆泵ATM :Atmosphere 大气AC ::Air Conditioner: 空气调节器AFT :Atmosphere Flash Tank: 大气扩容器AC :Alternating Current: 交流电ALM :Alarm:: 报警AMP :Ampere: 安培AX THR BRG :Axis Thrust Bearing: 轴向推力，轴承ATMZ :Atomizing: 雾化AUTO :Automation 自动AUX :Auxiliary: 辅助的BA :Bottom Ash 底灰BAH ::Bottom Ash Hopper: 底灰斗BLR ::Boiler: 锅炉BSD ::Boiler Shut Down: 停炉BUSH :Bushing: 衬套BYPS :Bypass:: 旁路BVD ::Boiler Vents and Drains:: 锅炉疏水放气BFP :Boiler Feedwater Pump :: 锅炉给水泵BFPT ::Boiler Feedwater Pump Turbine: 锅炉给水泵汽机BFW ::Boiler Feedwater: 锅炉给水BM :Boiler Master 锅炉主控BMCR :Boiler Maximum Continuous Rating: 锅炉最大连续出力BFBP:: Boiler FeedBooster Pump: 锅炉给水增压泵BNR :Burner: 燃烧器BOP :Balance Of Plant: 电厂辅机设备BPC :Blade Pitch Control: 叶片节距控制BT :Boiler Tube: 炉管CH: Crusher House: 碎煤房COMB ::Combustion 燃烧COMP ::Compressed Air: 压缩空气CONV ::Conveyer: 输送机CPL :Control Pannel Local: 就地控制盘CPM :Control Pannel Main: 主控盘CRT :Cathode Ray Tube: 阴极射线管: CT Current Transformer: 变流器CYCL :Cyclone: 旋风分离器CAS :Casing:: 缸、壳CB Circuit Breaker: 断路器COMP :Complete: 完成CCCW :Closed Circulating Cooling Water: 闭式循环冷却水CCW :Cycle Cooling Water: 循环水CCWHF ::Closed Cooling Water Heater 闭式冷却水冷却器CCWP :Closed Cooling WaterPump: 闭式冷却水泵CS :Closed Cooling Water System 闭式冷却水系统CH Coal Handling 煤的装卸CHK VLV :Check Valve: 逆止阀CIRC: Circulation: 循环CLR Cooler: 冷却器CLOW :Cooling Water: 冷却水CMPR :Compressor: 压缩机CNTL :Control: 控制CNTLE :Controller:: 控制器COND :Condensate: 凝结水CONDTY :Conductivity: 导电率CP: Condensate Pump: 凝结泵CIR: Circuit: 回路COUPI :Coupling: 联轴器CP: Condensate Polisher: 除盐装置CS: Control Switch 控制开关CRSV :Cold Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器冷段安全阀CV: Control Valve : 控制阀CWP: Circulation Water Pump: 循环水泵DMPR: Damper :挡板DP Difference Pressure: 差压DPIC: Differential Pressure Indicating Controller: 压差指示控制器DPT: Differential Pressure Transmitter 压差变送器DRN: Drain: 疏水DV Drain Valve:: 疏水阀DC Direct Current: 直流电DSH: Desuperheater: 减温器DCA: Drain Cooler Approach: 疏水冷却器通道DEAER Deaerator: 除氧器DEV: Deviation: 偏差DIFFRLY: Differential Relay: 差动继电器DISCH VLV :Discharge Valve 排放阀DIST: Disturbance:: 故障、扰动DSCH: Discharge: 排出ECON: Economizer:: 省煤器EP Electrical Static Precipitator: 静电除尘器ECC Eccentricity :: 偏心EFF Efficiency: 效率EHC Electric Hydraulic Control: 电液控制EO Electric Operate: 电气操作EQ Equipment: 设备ER Error: 误差ES :Extraction System 抽气系统ESC Escape: 逃逸、超出ESS Engineering Safety System: 保安系统EU Engineering Unit : 工程单位EXH Exhaust: 排汽EXT Extract: 抽出FA :Fine Ash: 细灰FDR Feeder: 给料机FE :Flow Element:: 流量元件FI :Flow Indicator:: 流量指示件FDBK: Feedback: 反馈FITG Fitting: 连接件FLW Flow 流量FO :Fail Open: 故障时自动打开FT: Flow Totalizer: 流量累加器FT :Flow transmitter: 流量变送器FV :Flow Control Valve 流量控制阀FY :Flow Relay or Valve 流量传送器FA: Failure Alarm: 故障报警FD :Forced Draft : 强制通风FDF Forced Draft Fan: 送风机FIC :Flow Indicate Controller: 流量指示控制器FLT :Flash Tank : 扩容箱FLD :Field 磁场FLG :Flange: 法兰FLM Flame: 火焰FWH Feed Water Heater 给水加热器FO :Fuel Oil: 燃油FREQ Frequency: 频率FURN Furnace: 炉膛GLD Gland: 密封GRDR Grinder: 碎渣机GND Grounding: 接地GC :Generator Cooling: 发电机冷却GESE Gland Steam Condenser Exhauster: 轴加风机GMT Generator Main Trandformer: 发电机变压器GRAD Grandient: 梯度GS :Gland Steam: 轴封蒸汽GSC :Gland Steam Condenser: 轴封加热器GV :Governor Valve: 高压调门H ::Heat Conservation 保温HS: Hand Switch:: 手动开关HTR Heater: 加热器HV: Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HY: Hand Relay or Transducer 手动继电器（转换器）H :Hand: 手动的HB :Heat Balance: 热平衡HD :Heater Drain:: 加热器疏水HDR :Header: 联箱HL ::Heat Loss: 热损失HMDY Humidity: 湿度HPH: High Pressure Heater: 高压加热器HPR :Hooper: 漏斗HPT :High Pressure Turbine: 高压汽机HR: Hot Reheat: 再热器热段HR: Heat Rate: 热耗率HSV: Hot Reheat Safety Valve: 再热器热段安全阀HV AC :Heating Ventilation & Air Conditioning:: 暖通HW :Hotwell: 热井HV ::Hand Control Valve: 手动控制器HYD :Hydraulic: 液力的INTLK :Interlock : 联锁IC :Instrument and Control:: 仪表与控制（热工）ICV ::Inrtermediate Control Valve 中压控制阀ID :Induced Draft 抽风，引风IDF ::InducedDraft Fan: 引风机IGN ::Ignition: 点火装置INLT :Inlet: 入口IPR ::Initial Pressure: 初压INST :Instrument: 仪表INVR :Inverter: 逆变器I /O:: Input/Output 输入/ 输出IP :Intermediate Pressure: 中压ISV ::Intermediate Pressure Turbine Steam Valve: 中压缸进汽阀JP :Jet Pump: 喷射器LG :Level Gauge 液位计LVL ::Level: 水位，液位LA :Level Alarm: 液位报警LIM(LMIR): Limiter: 限制器LKG:: Leakage:: 泄漏LP :Low Pressure 低压L.P :Low Point : 低位LPH: Low Pressure Heater: 低压加热器LSH: Local Switch Hand: 就地开关LUB: Lubricating Oil: 润滑油M :Mechanical: 机械M :Motor: 马达MAG:: Magnetic: : 磁性MOD ::Mode: 方式: M/A :Manual/Automatic: 手动/ 自动MAN ::Manual :: 手动MARG: Margin:: 裕量MAX ::Maximum: 最大的，最大值的MCR ::Maximum Continuous Rating 最大连续出力MCV:: Main Control Valve: 主控制阀MD :Modulation Damper: 调节挡板MDBFP: Motor Driven Boiler Feedwater Pump: 电动给水泵MEAS ::Measure : 测量MFT: Master Fuel Trip: 主燃料跳闸MIN :Minimum: 最小的MKUP (MU) Make-up: 补充ML :Mill: 磨煤机MN :Main: 主要的M.O. :Manual Operation: 手操MPT :Main Power Transformer: 主变压器MS :Main Steam 主蒸汽MSV :Main Steam Valve: 主汽阀NOZ: Nozzle: 喷嘴NPSH :Net Pump Suction Head: 泵的静吸压头OL: Overload: 过载OLR :Overload Relay: 过载继电器OPER :Operation: 运行OSC :Oscillograph: 示波器OTLT: Outlet: 出口PA: Primary Air: 一次风PAF :Primary Air Fan: 一次风机PAH :Pressure Alarm High: 高压报警PAL :Pressure Alarm Low: 低压报警PB: Push Button 按钮PC :Power Centre: 动力中心PC: Pressure Controller: 压力控制器P.C. :Pressure Control: 压力控制PCP :Precipitator 除尘器PCV :Pressure Control Valve:: 压力控制阀PDI :Pressure Differential Indication: 差压指示PDT :Pressure Differential Trandsmitter: 差压变送器PED :Pdestal:: 轴承座PERF CALC Performance Calculation:: 性能计算PF: Power Factor 功率因数PHTR: Preheater: 预热器PMP :Pump: 泵PNEU :Pneumatic: 气动的PR: Pressure Recorder: 压力记录计PRG :Purge: 吹扫PRV :Pressure Relief Valve: 泄压阀PRO :Protection: 保护PROGR:: Program: 程序PT: Pressure Transmitter: 压力变送器PULV: Pulverizer: 磨煤机PVSV :Pressure Vacuum Safety Valve 压力真空安全阀PW: Plant Water 厂用水PY: Pressure Relay: 压力继电器QA: Quality:: 质量，性能RB: Run Back: 快速降负荷RCV :Recovering: 回收RECIRC:: Recirculation 再循环RECT :Rectifier: 整流器RET :Return: 返回RH: Reheater: 再热器RO: Restriction Orifice: 节流孔板ROT :Rotor: 转子RTU :Remote Telemetry Unit:: 遥测装置SA :Secondary Air: 二次风SAT: Saturate: 饱和的SC :Steam Coil Air Heater:: 暖风器SCA V :Scavenge: 吹扫SD: Shut-off Damper: 关断挡板:Shut-Down 停机SEP :Separator 分离器SG: Switchgear 开关装置SH: Superheater: 过热器SLS :Seals:: 密封SO: Shut Off: 关闭SPD :Speed: 转速SPRA: Spray: 喷水SPT :Support: 支持: ST: Start: 启动，开始STD-BY :Stand By: 备用ST: System:: 系统STM :Steam: 蒸汽STR: Stator:: 定子STRNR: Strainer: 滤器SU: Start Up: 启动SV: Solenoid Valve: 电磁阀SUCT: Suction: 吸入SW: Switch: 开关:Steam Water: 汽水SBLWR: Soot Blower 吹灰器TBFP Turbine Drive Boiler Feedwater Pump 汽泵TCV :Temperature Control Valve 温度控制T.B.: Transfer Damper: 转换挡板TE: Temperature Element: 温度元件TG: Turbine-generator: 汽轮发电机Turbine-gear: Turbine-gear: 汽机盘车THERM :Thermal 热力的TMS: Turbine Master System: 汽机主控系统TRANS :Transfer: 转换TRBL: Trouble: 故障TRKG: Tracking: 跟踪TT: Temperature Transmitter: 温度变送器TTD: Terminal Temperature Difference: 温度端差TW: Thermowell: 热电偶套管UAM :Unit Automatic Master: 机组自动系统V AC: Vacuum: 真空V AL: Value: 数值VB: Vibration 振动VLV: Valve: 阀门WH: Watthour 瓦小时WP: Working Point: 工作点WW: Water Wall 水冷壁WX: Watt Transducer: 功率转换器COVER :Crossover 切换管CV: Control Valve: 控制阀英汉对照表A/H ：AUTOMATION/HAND : 自动/ 手动;A/M ：AUTOMATION/MANUAL: 自动/ 手动; ALARM 报警;AUX ：AUXILIARY :: 辅助;BYPASS 旁路CLOSE 关（状态，常指阀门）;CODE: 代码；编码COLD START —UP: 冷态启动COMPUTER : 计算机CURVE ，LINE: 曲线，线DATA: 数据；文件；资料DECREAS : 减少DESK: 台，桌DIGIT: 数字DISK: 磁盘DYNAMIC ；DYNAMICAL: 动态F ：FLOW 流量;FAST: 快FIGURE: 图示HIGH: 高HOT START —UP: 热态启动I ＆C ：INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL 仪表与控制INCREAS: 增加INDICATION ；DISPLAY : 指示；显示;INLET 入口;INPUT 输入;INTERMEDIATE 中KEYBOARD: 键盘KW ：KILOWATT 千瓦L ：LOAD 负荷，负载;LOC ：LOCAL : 就地LOW: 低MCS ：MANAGMENT COMMAND SYSTEM 管理命令系统MODE : 方式，模式MW ：MEGAWATT 兆瓦NORMAL: 正常OFF : 关（状态）;ON : 开（状态）;OPEN: 开( 状态，常指阀门);OPERATE : 运行；操作;OUTLET 出口;OUTPUT 输出;P ：PRESSURE: 压力; PANEL 盘PARAMETER : 参数PIPE ；TUBE: 管道，管子PLANT: 厂，站POWER: 功率，电源; PRINT: 打印R ：RATE : 比率，速率; R ：RESISTANCE: 电阻; REM ：REMOTE : 摇控; RESET 复位ROOM : 室RPM:: 转/ 分;S ：SPEED 速度; SELECT 选择SET POINT 设定点SHUTDOWN : 停机; SIDE （某）侧，边; SILENCER 消音器SLOW : 慢STAND BY: 备用; START : 启动;STARTUP : 起动；启动;STATIC 静态STATION 站STOP: 停止;SYMBOL 符号SYSTEM: 系统T ：TEMPERATURE:: 温度;TEST: 试验;TRANSMITTIER ；TRANSDUCER: 变送器；传感器TRIP 跳闸;TRIP ACKNOW: 跳闸确认UNA V AIL 不允许( 不能投用的)UNIT : 单元、机组V ALVE 阀门WARM START —UP: 温态启动ZOOM: 摄像机镜头? 锅炉部分ACTUAL MEGAWATT: 有功AIR DRAFT SEQUENCE: : 风机程序控制（顺控）AIR HEATER A MOTER: 空预器马达AAIR HEATER LOC/REM SELECT: 空预器就地/ 遥控选择AIR HEATER MOTOR LEAD: 空预器马达选择AIR HTR A SEC AIR OUT TEM 空预器A 二次风出口温度AIR PREHEATER: 空预器AIR SVCE SUPPLY: 服务空气ALARM LIMITS: :: 报警限制ALL AIR HTRS RUNNING 各空预器运行ALL PULV GRP SHUTDOWN 所有磨组停运ASH —HOPPER: : 灰斗ATTEMPERATOR: : 减温器AUX .ST: SPLY FOR ATOMIZ 辅助蒸汽供雾化蒸汽BOIL MILL A BNR MET TEMP 炉A 磨组喷燃器金属温度BOIL MILL A GR1 WDBOX PR 炉A 磨组第一组风箱压力BOILER AIR REQUIRED 锅炉风量需求（>30% ）BOILER EFFLUENT STORAGE: POOL 锅炉废水池BOILER FOLLOW MODE: 炉跟随方式BOILER MASTER: 锅炉主控器BOILER TRIP RESET: : 锅炉跳闸复位BOILER: 锅炉BURNNER: : 燃烧器CHIMNEY ；STACK:: : 烟囱CLEAN: 清扫COAL BANKER: :: 煤仓COAL FEEDER : 给煤机COMBUSTION : 燃烧CONVEYOR: 皮带机COORDINATE MODE 协调方式CRUSHER: 破碎机DECR/INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD:: 固定负荷方式增减压力DOWM COMER:: 下降管DRAIN & VENT: 疏水和排气ECONOMIZER : 省煤器EITHER FAN RUNNING : 任一风机运行EITHER ID FAN RUNNING 任一吸风机运行ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR : 静电除尘器FD FAN A FLOW:: A 送风机流量FD FAN/ID FAN A CONT DAMPER A 送/ 吸风机控制挡板FEED WATER FLOW: 给水流量FEEDER LOCAL SELECT: 给煤机就地控制选择FEEDER REMOTE SELECT: 给煤机遥控选择FLUE GAS: 烟气FORCED DRAFT FAN : 送风机FUEL GAS ID FAN A OUTLET PRESS A 吸风机出口压力FURNACE PRESS: 炉膛压力FURNACE: 炉膛GAS COAL: :: 烟煤HEADER : 联箱、母管IGNITOR: : 点火器，油枪INDUCED DRAFT FAN : 引风机INDUCED&FORCED DRAFTS: 吸送风机INITIATE: 启动、引燃、激发、触发ISOLATION: 隔离；绝缘LFO .DISCH .PRESS : 轻油出口压力LIGHT OIL SEL GRP 1: 第一组轻油枪选择LIGHT OIL: 轻油LUB OIL PUMP:: 润滑油泵MAIN STEAM STOP VLV: 主蒸汽截止阀MAIN STEAM TEMP/PRESSURE/FLOW 主汽温度/ 压力/ 流量MAINTAINED IGNITORS PULVERIZER A : 磨煤机A 油枪操作MANUAL LOAD SET/RATE: : 手动负荷设定/ 负荷率MANUAL MODE: 手动方式MANUAL THROTTEL PRESS SET POINT : 手动节流压力设定值MILL A GROUP MASTER : A 磨组主控器MILL A LOAD: A 磨组负荷MILL A OUT TEMP CONT DAMPER : A 磨组出口温度控制挡板MIN MAX LOAD （LIMITS ）: 最大最小负荷（限制）MMMC ＝MILLIMETER MERCURY ；MMH2O: 毫米汞柱；毫米水柱O 2 IN THE FUEL GAS 烟气含氧量OPEN/CLOSE SWING VLVS 摆阀开/ 关OPERATE MODE SELECT: 运行方式选择PENDANT: : 悬吊管PLATEN SPARY CONTROL VLVS SIDE A : 屏过减温水A 侧控制阀PLATEN SUPERHEATER: 屏过PRESSURE DIFFERENCE: 压差PRI AIR DUCT PRESS 一次风管压力PRI AIR FAN A CONT DAMPER: A 侧一次风机控制挡板PRI AIR FAN A OUTLET PRESS A 一次风机出口压力PRI AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER 磨组一次风控制挡板PRI/SEC AIR FLOW MILL A A 磨组一次/ 二次风流量PRIMARY AIR FAN: 一次风机PRIMARY AIR SEQUENCE: 一次风控制PULVERIZER : 磨煤机PULVERIZER EMERGENCE TRIP 磨煤机紧急跳闸PULVERIZER INERT MODE SELECT: 磨煤机惰性方式选择PULVERIZER NORMAL MODE SELECT: 磨煤机正常方式选择PULVERIZER SELECTION A :: 磨煤机A 选择PULVERIZER: M/A: SELECT 磨煤机手/ 自动选择PURGE 吹扫RH ；REHEATER: 再热器SAFETY V ALVE:: 安全阀SCANNER BLOWERS: 火检吹扫器SEAL AIR FAN PRESS: 密封风机压力SEAL AIR FAN:: : 密封风机SEC AIR DUCT PRESS: 二次风管压力SEC AIR FLOW MILL A CONT DAMPER A 磨组二次风流量控制挡板SEC SH OUT STEAM TEM 二级过热器出口蒸汽温度SEC SH SPARY CONT VLVS SIDE A 二级过热器减温水A 侧控制阀SECONDARY SH INLET TEMP 二级过热器进口温度SECONDARY: AIR 二次风SH ；SUPERHEATER: : 过热器SH STEAM ELECTR VLV: 过热器电磁阀SH STEAM TEMP SET POINT:: 过热温度设定点SH/RH SPARY WATER STOP VLVS:: 过热器/ 再热器减温水截止阀SH/RH SPRAY CONTROL VLVS SELECT 过热器/ 再热器减温水控制阀选择SLIDING PRESS MODE: 滑压运行方式SOOT BLOWER: 吹灰器SPARK 火花，点火花SPEED CHANGE (NOT) PERMISSIVE: 速度切换（不）允许SPRAY : 喷水STACKER RECLAIMER :: 堆取料机START IGNITOR GRP 1: 第一组油枪点火STEAM DRUM: : 汽包STEAM 蒸汽STONE COAL: 无烟煤STOP IGNITORS GRP 1: 第一组油枪停止STOP/START FEEDER 给煤机停止/ 启动STOP/START IGNITORS: 油枪停止/ 启动STOP/START MILL: 磨组停止/ 启动STOP/START PA FLOW: 一次风停止/ 启动STOP/START PULVERIZER 磨煤机停止/ 启动STOP/START SEQUENCE PULVERIZER A: 磨煤机A 程序停止/ 启动THROTTLE PRESS:: 节流压力TRANSPORT AIR SEQUENCE 风量程序控制（顺控）TURB FIRST STAGE PRESS 汽机第一级( 调节级) 压力TURBINE FOLLOW MODE: 机跟随方式TURBINE MASTER: 汽机主控器TWIN FLOW AIR HTR A CONT VLV: : 双流式空预器控制阀UNLOADER: :: 卸煤机WATER 水WATERWALL: : 水冷壁三汽机部分:EMERG OIL PUMP: 事故油泵<P>CICR PMP DISCHARGE VLV: 循环泵出口阀1ST STAGE PRESS: 第一级压力ACTUAL MEGA WATT: : 实际负荷数AMS ：ADMISSION: MODE SELECTION 进汽方式选择AUX STEAM HEADER: : 辅汽联箱AUX STEAM TEMP CONTROL: 辅汽温度控制AUX STM HEADER PRESS CONTROL VLV 辅汽联箱压力控制阀BALANCE: : 平衡BEARING BRASS:: 轴瓦BEARING: : 轴承BLADE 叶片BOILER FOLLOW MODE: 锅炉跟随方式BOOSTER FEED PUMP: 前置给水泵CICR WTR PUMP: 循环泵CIRCULATING PUMP: : 循环泵CIRCULATING: 循环CLOSED COOLING WATER: 闭式冷却水CLOSED COOLING WTR PUMP: 闭式冷却水泵CMPTR: : 计数器CONDENSATE PUMP: 凝泵CONDENSER AIR SUCTION VLV: 凝汽器抽空气阀CONDENSER HOT WELL: : 热井CONDENSER LEVEL CONTROL VLV: 凝汽器水位控制阀CONDENSER: 凝汽器CONDS EXTR PUMP DISCH : 凝结水抽吸泵出口CONDS STOR TANK LEVEL: 凝结水储水箱水位COOLER: : 冷却器COOLNG WTR PUMP: 水冷泵COORDINATE MODE: : 协调方式CV ：CONTROL V ALVE 高压调门CYLINDER 、CASING: 汽缸DEAERATOR LEVEL CONTROL VLV: 除氧器水位控制阀DEAERATOR: : 除氧器DECR PRESS AT FIX LOAD: 在负荷不变下减压DEMI WATER: 除盐水DISPATCH PARTICIPATION 调度（参与）指令DURM PRESSURE:: 汽包压力EJECTOR: 喷射器，抽气器EMERGENCY GOVERNOR 危急保安器EXHAUST: 排汽EXPANSION: 膨胀EXTR ST TO HP HTR 抽汽至高加EXTRACTION STEAM 抽汽FILTER: : 滤网FLANGE 法兰FUNCTION GROUP: 功能组FW CONTROL V ALVE ' S BYPASS VLV: 给水控制阀的旁路阀FW FLOW 30% CONTROL VLV : 30% 给水控制阀FW FLOW MASTER CONTROL: 给水流量主控FW HP HTR DISCH TEMP: 给水高加出口温度FW PUMP RECIRCUL CONTROL VLV 给水泵循环控制阀FW VLV: 给水阀门GEARING: 盘车GOVERNOR: 调速器HP ATTEM PRESS CONTROL VLV: 高旁减温水压力控制阀HP ATTEMP BLOCK VLV: 高旁减温水闭锁阀HP BYPASS ＆HP ATTEMP VLVS: 高压旁路及减温水阀HP BYPASS PRESS CONTROL VLV 高旁压力控制阀HP BYPASS PRESS SET POINT: 高旁压力设定值HP BYPASS TEMP CONTROL V ALVE 高旁温度控制阀HP ＆LP BYPASS COMMAND 高压及低压旁路指令HPH ：HIGH PRESSURE HEATER : 高加HYDRAULIC OIL STATION PUMP: 液压油站泵INCR PRESS AT FIX LOAD: 在负荷不变下增压INT POS: 中间状态IV ：INTERMEDIATE V ALVE 中压联合汽门JACKING OIL PUMP 顶轴油泵LP HTR STOP VLV 低加截止阀LP ＆HP BYPASS PRESS SIDE A 低压或高压旁路A 侧压力LP ＆HP BYPASS TEMP SIDE A 低压或高压旁路A 侧温度LPH ：LOW PRESSURE HEATER: 低加LUBE OIL PUMP: 润滑油泵MAKE －UP WATER: 补给水MANUAL LOAD RATE 手动负荷率MANUAL LOAD SET 手动负荷设定MANUAL THROTTLE PRESS SET POINT 手动节流压力设定值MEASURE SELECTION 测量选择站MOP ：MAIN OIL PUMP: 主油泵MOTOR DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP 电动给水泵MSV ：MAIN STOP V ALVE: 主汽阀NOZZLE 喷嘴OIL PURIFIER: 净油器OIL STORAGE TANK : 储油箱OPERATE MANUAL MODE: 手动方式OPERATE MODE SELECT: 运行方式选择PILOT V ALVE: 错油门PLATEN SH INLET TEMP SIDE A:: A 侧屏过入口温度PRIMARY SH STOP V ALVE: 一级过热器截止阀PUMP A DISCH PRESS : A 泵出口压力RH SPRAY BLOCK VLVSTRIP INIT 再热器喷水闭锁阀跳闸启动RH SPRAY WTR STOP VLVS: 再热器喷水截止阀RH STEAM ATTEM FLOW: 再热喷水流量RH STEAM TEMP OUTLET: 再热器出口温度ROTOR 转子SEAL: 密封SHAFT 轴SILENCER: 消音器SLIDING PRESS MODE: 滑压方式SPEED INDICATOR OR SPEED METER: : 转速表STATOR 定子STEAM TURBINE : 汽轮机ST －UP BOIL FDW PUMP: 启动给水泵SUCTION PUMP: 抽吸泵SURGE APPROACH: 喘振SYNCHRONIZER: 同步器TFW PMP DISCHARGE VLV: 汽动泵出口阀TFW PUMP MAIN OIL PMP: 汽动给水泵的主油泵THROTTLE ORIFICE 节流孔板TURBINE DRIVEN FEED WATER PUMP: 汽动给水泵TURBINE FW PUMP AUX ＆VLV 小机给水泵辅汽及阀门TURBINE GENERATOR: 汽轮发电机组TURBINE INLET PRESS: 汽机入口压力TURBINE MASTER : 汽机主控器TURBING FOLLOW MODE: 汽机跟随方式V ACCUM 真空V ACUUM BROKEN V ALVE: 真空破坏门V ACUUM SEQ : 真空程控VIBRATION: 振动四、电液调节及控制部分1STAGE PRESSURE FEEDBACK: 第一级压力反馈ABNORMAL CONDITION: 异常状态ACCELERATION: 加速度ACTIVE POWER:: 有功功率ADMISSION MODE: 进汽方式ADS(ALARM DISPLAY SELECT PANELS) 报警显示选择屏AERIAL LINE: 架空线ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC): 交流AMPERE: 安培ANGLE OF LAG: 滞后角ANGLE OF LEAD: 超前角ANODE: 阳极ARC: 电弧ARMATURE 电枢AST ：AUTO SHUT-DOWN TRIP: 自动停机遮断ASYNCHRONOUS MOTOR: 异步电动机AT SET SPEED: 在设定速度位置ATC ：AUTO TURBINE CONTROL: 自动汽轮机控制AUTOFORMER: 自藕变AUTORECLOSING : 自动重合闸AUXI TRANSFORMER : 厂用变BACK UP TRANSFORMER 备用变BACK-UP OVERSPEED TRIP TEST 备用超速跳闸试验ELECTRICAL TRIP TEST 电气跳闸试验BACK-UP SPDSIG LOST: : 后备速度信号失去BARRING OIL PUMP 盘车油泵BASE LOAD: 基荷BATTERY : 电池BATTERY BACKED CLOCK 电池备用时钟BDV ：BLOWDOWN VLV: 泄放阀BOOSTER PUMP: 前置泵BULB : : 灯泡BUS SECTION : 母线分段BUS: 母线BUSBAR FRAME: 母线架BUSCOUPLER: 母联BUSHING 套管CABLE 电缆CAPACITANCE: 电容CARRIER 载波CATHODE : 阴极CCR: 中控室CHARGING EQUIPMENT : 充电设备CHEST /ROTOR WARMING: 腔室/ 转子预暖CIU : 计算机接口单元CLOSE : 合闸CLOSED V ALVES OVERSPEED TEST 关闭阀超速CLOSED-LOOP : 闭环COIL:: 线圈COMBINED RECLOSING 综合重合闸COMBINED REHEAT V ALVES: 中压联合阀COMMON SERVICES LOGIC SUITE:: 公用系统逻辑柜COMMUNICATION: 通讯CONDUCTOR : 导体CONFIGURATION: 结构，布置，外形:CONTROL OIL: 控制油CORE: 铁芯CPU(CENTARL PROCESSING UNIT: 中心处理单元CRT: 显示屏CURRENT TRANSFORMER: 电流互感器CURRENT 电流CV:: 控制阀DAS: 数据采集系统DECREASING LOAD RATE: : 减负荷率DIESEL GENERATOR : 柴油发电机DIRECT CURRENT (DC) 直流DISCONNECTOR : 隔离开关DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM: 分散控制系统E.W.S.: 工程师工作站EHC STATUS: 电液调节系统状态EHC ：ELECTRO-HYDRA CONTROL SYSTEM: 电液调节控制系统EHV MIMIC PANEL : 电气高压模拟屏ELECTRICAL MALFUNCTION SYSTEM FAULT : 电气失灵系统故障EMERGENCY OIL PUMP: 事故油泵EMERGENCY SEAL OIL PUMP: 事故密封油泵ETS ：EMERGENCY TRIP SYSTEM: 危急跳闸系统EXCEPTION REPORT: 例外报告EXCITE 励磁EXCITOR 励磁机FA/PA POSITION : 全周/ 部分（进汽）位置FAST-ACTING SOLENOID: 快动电磁阀FIRST STAGE PRESS 调节级压力FIS :: 流量显示开关FREQUENCY: 频率FRF ：FIRE RESISTANT FLUID:: 抗燃油FULL ARC : 全周进汽GAS : 瓦斯GEN. SHAFT SEAL&STATOR WIND : 发电机密封及静子绕组GENERATOR : 发电机GROUNDING(EARTHING) 接地H2 TEMP CONT V : 氢气温度控制阀HARDWARE 硬件HOLD: 保持HYDRAULIC FLUID PRESS: 抗燃油压力I.C.S: 数字控制站终端模件IN STANDBY: 在备用状态IND: :: 指示器INDUCTANCE: 电感INHIBITED: 停止进行、禁止INSULATOR 绝缘子。
火工品专业英语
Chemistry and application of explosivesDepending on their purpose, energetic materials are divided into three main types：high explosives, pyrotechnics and propellants. Whereas the output of high explosives is a detonation, propellants serve to accelerate either projectiles or missiles, and pyrotechnics produce some sort of fire, this production of fire is based on a redox reaction of inorganic reducing agents and oxidizer compounds .For propellants, the chemistry of the compounds can be divided into three groups. There are the nitrocellulose-based ones, which are most widely used for gun applications.single base, double base and semi-nitramine propellants belong to this group.in double-base propellants up to 40% of glycerin trinitrate is added. This way the energy output of such charges can be enhanced. In semi-nitramines the same effects is established by adding a crystalline nitramine compound, such as cyclo-1,3,5-trimethylene-2,4,6-trinitramine (RDX), to the nitrocellulose matrix. A further group of propellants is based on a synthetic polymer binder system. This polymer binder can be either inert or energetic. If organic nitramine compounds are added to such a polymer, they form the base composition of nitramine propellants. When an inorganic salt is added as an oxidizer the formulation is called a composite propellant. Composite propellants are widely used for rocket propulsion. Finally there are the liquid propellants, which are mainly used in space exploration and technology. Liquid propellants are divided into mono-and bi-propellants. A typical mono-propellant is hydrazine, which burns in the absence of external oxygen. The fuel and oxidizer in bi-propellant systems are stored in separate thanks. Upon injection into a combustion chamber, they react and ignite. Kerosene or asymmetric dimethylhydrazine are often used as fuel. Typical oxidizers are nitric acid or dinitrogen tetroxide.High explosives can be grouped into primary and secondary explosives. Primary explosives are most frequently based on heavy metal salts. They are used in low quantities in detonator to convert a certain input stimulus, such as fire, friction, impact or electricity, into a detonation. This detonation is taken up by booster explosives, which amplify the detonation and transmit it further to the main charge. Main charge explosives are responsible for the final effect. Traditional booster explosives are based on 2,4,6-trinitro-phenylmenthynitramine ( tetryl ), pressed TNT or PETN. More modern ones are based on RDX. Main charge explosives can be very different and their composition depends strongly on their application. High-performance metal accelerating applications are often based on cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and a binder system. The amount of binder can be as low as 5%. On the other hand, blasting explosives can be heterogeneous, for example ammonium nitrate (AN) is used as an oxidizer for a liquid fuel oil. Between these two extremes nearly every combination can be found.The most frequently used primary explosives are lead azide, lead trinitroresorcinate(三硝基间苯二酚),and tetrazolyl(四唑）guanyl脒基tetrazene（四氮烯）hydrate (tetracene 四苯). In earlier times also mercury fulminate was used. Lead azide has an excellent capability to initiate booster explosives, already at quantities below 0.1 g. Lead azide is very sensitive to friction, lead trinitroresorcinate towards electrostatic discharge and tetracene to impact. Quite often, corresponding mixtures are used to design a primary explosive for a certain input stimulus and a sufficient output performance. Common to most primary explosives is the presence of lead and the corresponding environmentalimpact when they are brought to function. Therefore lead-free primary explosives are sought. One example of these new substances for use in lead free priming compositions is 1,3,5-triazido三叠氮基-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATNB). Unfortunately, over a timeframe of years, TATNB undergoes a decomposition reaction which results in a loss of initiating power. Another approach to obtain lead-free primers was to substitute lead by another less toxic metal. Development work with silver azide or silver fulminate was undertaken. Both have a good initiation capability, but their sensitivity makes a commercial use impossible. In spite of all these efforts to substitute lead in primary explosive compositions, a real breakthrough has not been realized up to now. In the filed of main charge explosives, especially in view of military applications, many new energetic molecules have been synthesized. The main objective in high-performance application is to put as much energy as possible into a minimum amount of space. Based on computer simulations, high energy and at the same time high density explosive target molecules have been defined. In organic chemistry high densities can be achieved if the molecular structure contains fused ring systems. Energy can be brought into the system by strained ring systems and nitro or nitramine groups are responsible for an appropriate oxygen balance and nitrogen content. So, target molecules such as octanitrocubane八硝基立方烷or octaazacubane八氮杂立方烷were defined. Octaazacubane was predicted to have a density of 2.69 g/cm3 and a detonation velocity of about 15 km/s ,far more than the most power high explosives known today. Even if octanitrocubane has been synthesized in the meantime, cubane 立方烷chemistry is too complicated to produce quantities for use in corresponding charges. Another interesting cage structure, which can be synthesized quite easy, is based on the isowurtzitan异伍兹烷structure (Fig. 3). there are two molecules representing this class of energetic high density substances：2,4,6,8,10,12-(hexanitor 六硝基-hexaaza六氮杂)-tetracyclododecane四环十二烷(HNIW) and 4,10-dinitro-2,6,8,12-teraoxa四氧杂-4,10-diaza二氮杂-tetracyclododecane四环十二烷(TEX). Both of these molecules can be produced in no more than three steps and in yields which have allowed the synthesis to be scaled up. A density of 2.04 g/cm3 was achieved for the most dense crystal modification of HNIW and in case of TEX we measured a value of 1.99 g/cm3. The theoretically calculated detonation velocities are 9600 m/s for HNIW and 8665 m/s for TEX. Also quite promising for high performance applications seems to be 1,3,3-trinitro三硝基-azetidine氮杂环丁烷(TNAZ), which is based on a strained heterocyclic ring system. Its synthesis could be simplified from initially up to 10 steps down to 5 steps. The density of TNAZ is around 1.84 g/cm3 and the detonation velocity approaches the range of HMX. TNAZ has a low melting point(101℃) and can therefore be cast to charges without energy-diluting binder components .There is a second area of interest for chemists over the last two decades：insensitive, less powerful high explosive molecules. The chemical base structures of these molecules are very different. Whereas the most traditional insensitive high explosive, 1,3,5-triamino三氨基-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) has sn aromatic base structure, there are newer ones based on heterocyclic ring systems or even on an olefinic unit, e.g. 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO), which can be synthesized in two steps, is used in many new high explosive applications, designed to be less sensitive. The same potential have 2,6-diamino二氨基-3,5-dinitropyrazine二硝基吡嗪-1-oxide (LLM-105) or1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene二硝基乙烯(FOX-7). For most of them ,the reduced sensitivity is attributed to their capability to form hydrogen bridges. Less power high explosives are quite often used to generate blast effects or to produce large quantities of gases. Therefore, additional components such as aluminum to enhance blast and ammonium nitrate or perchlorate as oxidizer for gas production, are added. First papers have been published about the use of nano-scaled aluminum particles. Due to their more uniform distribution, the homogeneity of corresponding high explosive compositions should be enhanced and also the detonation velocity should increase. None of these effects could be observed so far. Because nano particles tend to form agglomerates, it is not clear at the moment whether a less favorable ratio of aluminum to aluminum oxide for small particles or insufficient dispersion technology is responsible for the so far disappointing results .The nitration of nitrocellulose is a well-known traditional process, which is not very exciting for most chemists. The main development in the field of nitrocellulose based gun propellants can be identified in the application of new plasticizers, new surface-burning moderants缓冲剂and new crystalline nitramine compounds. Environmental aspects have to be taken increasingly into account when new propellants are developed. Dinitrotoluene二硝基甲苯for example, which acts as coolant to reduce flame temperature, has to be substituted because its use was ( or will be ) forbidden in many countries. Lead- or tin-containing compounds used as burning rate modifiers have to be substituted also. The complete substitution of nitrocellulose was targeted when the first nitramine propellants were developed. The main problem with this sort of propellants is a completely different burning behavior and a lack of performance, especially if inert binder system were used. Even if new energetic polymers and plasticizers are available today ,for gun applications nitrocellulose will remain the first choice, because of its well-known favorable properties and its highly competitive price .in the area of solid rocket propellants, new energetic polymers and plasticizers are available in large scale. Also energetic compounds with high gas production rate are entering in new development programs .Single-base propellants consist of 90% or more of nitrocellulose, which is gelled by adding a plasticizer. Quite frequently frequently dibutyl phthalate is used for this purpose. It acts at the same time as a surface moderant and as coolant冷却剂. Surface moderants and their diffusion characteristics are important factors for the design of the burning behavior of propellants. Especially their diffusion from the surface into the interior of the grain during the ageing process influences the ballistic stability significantly. In double-base propellants glycerine丙三醇，甘油trinitrate acts as an additional source of energy as well as a plasticizer. Small mole cules such as dibutyl phthalate or camphor cannot be used as surface moderants in such propellants. Due to the plasticizing characteristic of glycerine, they migrate much too fast into the propellant grain and the surface effect is lost. Therefore oligomeric and polymeric surface moderants have been developed. Normally double-base propellants are chemically less stable than single-based ones. This reduced stability can be detected by a faster consumption of stabilizers and a more pronounced heat flow generated by corresponding ageing reactions. The shelf life of a double-base propellant is therefore normally shorter than that of a single-base propellant. Duo to the higher energy content also the flame temperatures of double-base propellant are higher .Military pyrotechnicsIntroductionThis paper is a general review about military pyrotechnics. The expression “pyrotechnics” comes from the Greek works “pyros” and “techne”:PYROS→Fire,heatTECHNE→ArtPyrotechnics is one of three closely related subjects:high explosives, propellants and pyrotechnics itself. These three subjects not only have a common physicochemical background, their functions and purposes also overlap. An excellent representative for this statement is black powder. In their typical manifestations, explosives perform at the highest reaction speed, leaving gaseous products. Propellants produce gas at a moderate rate and pyrotechnic compositions react mostly at visibly observable rates, producing solid and liquid reaction products as well as gases .The first recorded military use of pyrotechnic compositions is from 1480 BC. A priestess of the Egyptian world empire sent out servants to procure large amounts of incense. This incense was used in pyrotechnic compositions to produce colored smoke as well as pleasantly smelling or toxic gases. During the Peloponnesian War military pyrotechnics were used on a large, scale to destroy towns under siege. The pyrotechnic compositions used consisted of sulfur, wood spun, pitch and incense. This information is mentioned in a book on strategy written by Ainais the Tactician in 360 BC. During the war between Byzantium (Eastern Roman Empire) and the Arabians and Bulgarians, the besieged East Romans attached the Arabian fleet using a pyrotechnic composition called “Greek Fire”. This consisted of sulfur ,oil products and pyrotechnic composition started to burn. However it must bee assumed that the Chinese also started to use pyrotechnics for military applications a long time ago. They already had a long experience in producing gorgeous civilian fireworks. Between 1250 and 1280 AC, European monks started to experiment with compositions containing sulfur, charcoal and potassium nitrate. The so-called ”black powder” was invented. It seems that the monks obtained some information concerning such compositions from Dutch sailors who brought it back from China. However, the wide use of pyrotechnics for military purpose only became wide spread in the last century / before the 1970s, military pyrotechnics was very often based on alchemy and not on science. By the end of the 20th century pyrotechnics had slowly become an applied science.In general, chemical reactions either require heat input during whole process (endothermic reactions) or they produce heat (exothermic reactions). The heat produce may be insufficient to cause a self-sustaining reaction. If the reaction produces flame or glow throughout the composition either at high reaction speed or gradually, it is suitable for pyrotechnic purposes. A pyrotechnic process differs from ordinary combustion by not requiring the presence of ambient air. The exothermic reaction used in pyrotechnics are based on simple chemical redox reactions. For a long time, experience was the fundamental base of pyrotechnics. By clever choice of reducing agents and oxidizers as well as variation of the compositions, the redox reaction can be influenced to obtain the desired, well-defined effects. In pyrotechnics the expression “effect” includes”:-Reaction rate-Heat of reaction-Reaction temperature-Gas production-Reaction products/glowing particles-Colored lightPrincipals and application of pyrotechnicsThe basis of a pyrotechnic reaction can be displayed generally as follows: REDUCING AGENT [1] + OXIDIZER [2]↓REDOX REACTION↓OXIDIZER [1] + REDUCING AGENT [2]During the redox reaction, the reducing agent (fuel) is oxidized and the oxidizer is reduced. The pyrotechnic reaction is mostly a solid-solid, solid-liquid or solid-gas state reaction. To predict the reaction behavior of a pyrotechnic composition, it is not or only partly possible to apply inorganic chemistry which is based on chemical redox reactions in solutions. Pyrotechnic reactions are high-temperature redox reactions. They take place in temperature range of 1500-4000℃. Due to this fact also the reaction produced according classical chemistry theory .Pyrotechnic effects can be generation of heat, hot particles or a flame, generation of gas or smoke, generation of light in different colors, generation of noise, such as a loud bang or a whistling sound. Furthermore, very slowly reacting pyrotechnic composition are used to delay an initiation train, e.g.in a hand grenade. Generation of hot particles can be used for ignition of propellants. In many traditional applications black powder was used for this purpose. In rocket propulsion boron / potassium nitrate is used quite frequently. Generation of heat and light is the basic concept of flares, which serve for the protection of aircrafts towards hostile missiles attacks .Traditional flares are based on Magnesium Teflon and Viton (MTV) composition. To overcome new sensor technologies, modern flare compositions try to imitate the emission spectrum of a jet plume. Many smoke-generating compositions not only act in the visible area of the electromagnetic spectrum, but also in the infrared range. Traditional smoke generators are based either on red phosphorus and corresponding oxidizers or zinc, hexachloroethane（六氯乙烷）, aluminum mixtures. Light-generating compositions are used in tracers, for illumination, but also for art fireworks. Many of them contain nitrates and perchlorates as oxidizers and alkaline earth metal, magnesium, aluminum, zirconium and titanium as fuels. To produce a light of a certain color, they contain some metal compounds that produce spectral emissions at characteristic frequencies. So red light is produced if a strontium salt is added to a pyrotechnic system. Corresponding mixtures of perchlorates with a sodium salt gives a yellow, with a barium salt a green and with a copper (II) salt a blue light. In these reactions the decomposition of perchlorate and the formation of excited metal chloride cations play the key role in light emission. Loud bangs are produced by gas-generating pyrotechnic mixtures filled in a sealed cardboard tube. After ignition a lot of gas is produced that eventually bursts the tube resulting in a big bang. Quite frequently black powder is used for this purpose .Other gas generators are needed for air bags in car safety system. In this case sodium azide, which develops nitrogen in large quantities when heated up with a corresponding ignition charge, is used. Delay mixtures on the other hand contain frequently zirconiumor nickel as a fuel and lead oxide, barium chromate or potassium perchlorate as oxidizers. In case of chromates no or only low quantities of gases are produced during the reaction. In the future pyrotechnics will make an important step forward by applying the possibilities of nano（纳米）technology. A series of metal powders in nano scale is available today, but some gave a highly pyrophoric characteristic. On the other hand also some oxidizers can be produced as nano powders. By means of sol-gel chemistry fuels and oxidizers can be put together to mixtures with homogeneities that were not achievable before .Nanoenergetic Materials for MENS：A Review1.INTRODUCTIONEnergetic materials (EMs) are substances that store chemical energy. Conventional EMs can be classified into different classes, i.e., propellants ,explosives, and pyrotechnics. Propellants and pyrotechnics release their energy through relatively slow deflagration processes that last for several seconds (combustion). Explosives release their energy in fast detonation processes (microsecond time scale). Basically, traditional EMs are produced by the following .1) The mixing of oxidizer and fuel constituents into one molecule to produce monomolecular EMs (for example, nitrocellulose, nitroglycerine硝化甘油and trinitrotoluene).2) The mixing of oxidizer powders (potassium or ammonium nitrate or perchlorate ...)and fuel powders (carbon, sulfur ...)to produce composite EMs (black powder for example). These composites exhibit high energy density, but their energy release rate are slower than monomolecular material because the mass transport rate is limited by granulometry粒度of the reactants .Traditional EMs (monomolecular or composite) are relatively easy to prepare (by mixing),and their performances can be predicted and tailored by adjusting the stoichiometry of the chemical reactants. For years, they have been widely used in military, mining ,and demolition applications. For two decades, EMs have drawn a growing interest in the scientific community and civil industry since they are very attractive sources of onboard energy to generate gas, heat, and power. Typically, the combustion of propellant produces 5 MJ/kg, while a modern chemical lithium battery used in new laptops only stores 0.5 MJ/kg. Therefore, EMs could have a major impact on microenergetic微能field. Applications include microthrust微推力, microinitiation微起爆, gases for actuation (including injection or moving fluid), gases for chemical reaction, heating (power) and welding, and switching. Various teams have successfully investigated chemical and technological ways to tailor Ems to the targeted applications either to produce gas, heat ,or chemical compound. An important challenge that is not really addressed is the compatibility of the EMs with MEMS technologies. This implies two exigencies. First, the thin film of EMs must be grown or deposited in freestanding microstructures, its stress has to prepare and deposit EMs on silicon surface. The second exigency is to minimize heat losses which is one of the most challenging issues to be solved in MEMS applications .Despite the significant improvements that have been performed through chemical formulation by combining known chemical compounds / molecules, the traditional composite and monomolecular EMs feature a relatively slow reaction rate formicroscale applications. For example, HMX deflagration will quench in steel tubes of several millimeters in diameter at atmospheric pressure. GAP/AP combustion will quench in glass tubes of 1.4 mm in diameter at atmospheric pressure. To satisfy energy demanding systems of micrometer size, more reactive EMs than traditional ones are required. Significant efforts have been made of introduce metal powder with micro and nanosized纳米particles into traditional EMs. Faster combustion velocities have been demonstrated. However, difficulties in handing such powders and their incorporation into existing formulations have also been reported. Besides traditional EMs, inorganic energetic composite combing metal oxidizer and metal also called metastable intermolecular composite (MIC) are good candidates as well. They undergo a solid-state redox reaction that is rapid and very exothermic (nearly twice that of the best monomolecular EM). First results demonstrated mainly empirically that the initiation and combustion properties of EMs are strongly influenced by their microscopical properties. They suggest that reducing the particle size to the nanoscale纳米级may result in increase of the mass-transport rate and therefore would increase the burning rates making these nanoscale EMs (nEMs) attractive alternatives to monomolecular structures .This paper presents a review of nEMs, a young but very active field if research. To begin, we introduce the recently synthesized nEMs and give the main performance reported by the authors. A section is dedicated to MIC：it is an important class of materials that combine excellent performances with interesting synthetic approaches for MEMS compatibility. While thermodynamic calculations of adiabatic flame temperature and reaction enthalpies are tools to help the choice of desirable EMs, they are not sufficient, in general, for the choice of good material for microscale application where thermal losses have to be taken into account. Section IV will discuss design considerations for nEMs for pyrotechnic systems of micrometer size. Section V will review the different approaches to the synthesis of nEMs. An analysis of the compatibility of the different synthesis routes with MEMS will be given. Lastly, some guidelines for future investigations are provided in the conclusions .II. REVIEW OF EMS FOR MICROSCALE APPLICAYIONThe first route explored by researchers was to adapt traditional EMs to microscale by incorporating nanoparticles纳米粒子of Al into traditional propellants or explosives. Doping composite propellant with thermal conductive nanoscale particles has demonstrated a slight enhancement in the reactivity of the mixture. Then, with the progress of nanoengineering纳米工程学, researchers preferred to combine or synthesize inorganic energetic nanocomposite纳米复合材料composed of particles of oxidizer (typically metal oxide) and fuel (mainly Al) to produce MIC .A. Nanoparticle纳米粒子-Doped PropellantNano-Al is the most widely used metallic doping particle for the following reasons .1).Al is a common metal used in technology and is relatively low cost .2).The formation of a thin oxide layer around each Al particle prevents Al powder from spontaneous combustion .3).Al can be easily produced in nanoparticles from (50-120 nm) and nano-Al is commercially available for example from NovaCentrix, formerly known as Nanotechnologies, Inc .4).Al enhances the reactive power of the material by increasing the combustion velocitydue to its high thermal conductivity .In 1997, Brown et al. Investigated the influence of the incorporation of microsized微米级Sb particles into KMnO4and found that reducing particle size from 14 to 2 µm increased the burning rate by a factor of 4. Ivanov and Tepper reported that by adding aluminum nanoparticles in a propellant formulation, the mixture burning rate could be enhanced by a factor of 5-10. Chiaverini et al. Demonstrated an increase of 70% in burning rata of HTPB-based solid propellant doped with 20% of nanoparticles of Al. Armstrong et al. confirmed that the burning rate of the AP-based propellants increases when conventional Al powder is replaced by nano-Al. The burning rate increases from 1 to more than 100 mm/s when the aluminum particles size decreases from 10 µm to100 nm. This tendency has been confirmed for several types of propellants (HTPB/AP, GAP/AP, and GAP/AN) by numerous authors and studies. The ignition time is also reduced when the propellant is doped with Al nanoparticles. However, for explosives, the use of metallic nanopowder纳米粉体has not proven to be effective .In conclusion, doping propellant with Al nanoparticles improves slightly its reactivity and ignition capability ; the maximum burning enhancement seems to be reached when the Al content represents 20% of the propellant mass. However, recent studies reveal that the incorporation of nanosized metal particles into propellants dose not increase the reaction temperature and burning rate sufficiently to compensate the thermal losses occurring in microscale devices. These nano-Al doped propellants suit mesoscale applications but are not applicable for microscale applications. The quenching diameter is around the millimeter, and the combustion is unstable in the centimeter scale. Furthermore, some authors have reported that an AP based propellant with pure nano-Al has unstable and nonreproducible combustion because of the difficulty to uniformly mix the ultrafine Al particles into the propellant. Other approaches have been therefore considered of AN and RDX. Very recently, Manaa et al. presented a study of ignition and combustion of explosive-nanotube mixture. They incorporated single-wall CNT produced by Carbon Nanotechnologies, Inc. inside a PETN EM and demonstrated that the mixture (see Fig. 1) can burn rapidly with local temperature estimated between 1500℃-2000℃. Shock wave with an average speed of 6.8 km/s has been measured. According to the authors, in a longer term, there is hope that CNTs碳纳米管could be used to encapsulate energetic ingredients / molecules to produce an EM that not only has good energetic performance but also has much improved handing and long- term storage capabilities .An interesting vacuum真空codeposition共沉积technique was presented by Pivkina et al. to synthesize综合nanostructured纳米结构AN, RDX, and AN/RDX composites. The typical process of synthesizing nano-RDX and AN/RDX consists of realizing nanopowder of the constituent (AN, RDX) by vacuum condensation of evaporated pure bulk substrates onto the cooled substrates to obtain AN and RDX powder with 50 nm in diameter. Conventional AN and RDX powder with 200 and 500 µm in diameter, respectively, have been compared with nano-AN and RDX powder with 50 nm in diameter. According to the results ,the burning rate can be doubled for nanoscale RDX：15.1 mm/s for the conventional RDX and 30 mm/s for the nanoscale one. Pure AN could not have a sustained combustion ; only thermal analysis has been performed and showed that the temperature of maximum heat release for AN nanopowder is less than that for conventional one. Vasylkiv et al. Proposed nanoreactors纳米反应器produced。
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一般术语001 爆破辅助器材blasting accessories 除炸药外，用于爆破的仪器和材料，如雷管、导火索、导爆索、塑料导爆管、中继起爆药柱、堵塞包、起爆器、爆破导通器、打孔器具等。
002 辅助器材和工具accessories and tools 参见“爆破辅助器材blasting accessories ”。
003 爆破设备blasting equipment 用于装药、爆破作业的器具、装备或机械，如雷管探针、炮孔深度测试仪、振动测试仪、贮存箱、阻抗测试仪、炸药装药机（车）等。
004 爆破开关blasting switch 将起爆电源联在爆破网路上的开关。
一般放置在仪表盘的表面。
005 起爆电路blasting circuit 用于引爆一个或多个电雷管的电线网路。
006 爆破检流计blasting galvanometer 用来测量爆破网路电阻的仪器。
它是用氯化铝或其它材料涂上白粉，内置电流上限的仪器。
007 回路circuit 传送电流的闭合网路。
008 电容放电起爆器condensor-discharge blasting machine 用电池或磁性体对一个或几个电容器充电，其储备的能量可释放到一个爆破网路的一种起爆器上。
009 连接套管connection sleeve冈"性管装药的一头，它的外直径比另一头要小，直径较大的那头装药可以推后20〜30mm因此管装药可以增加连续药包的装药长度。
010 限流装置current-limiting device 通过限制电流流量来防止电雷管被击穿的装置。
exploder这一术语有两个含义：1) 一个可移动的激发引爆雷管的能量的装置(起爆装置)，主要在现场使用。
2)起爆器安装在火药药包或其它炸药中、用电流或导火索引爆的雷管、起爆火帽或雷汞爆管012 初始冲能initial impulse施加于火工药剂和火工品的最初外界冲能。
如热、机械、电和光等冲能。
013 发火fire火工品受到一定的初始冲能作用发生燃烧或爆炸的现象。
014 不发火no-fire火工品受到一定的初始冲能的作用未能燃烧或爆炸的现象。
015瞎火dud火工品受到预定发火的初始冲能作用而未能发生燃烧或爆炸的现象。
016 断火disruption in combustion导火索或延期元件在燃烧过程中燃烧中断的现象。
017 透火fire-transmitting through outer sheath 0f the fuse导火索燃烧时，外壳有火花喷岀的现象。
018 可靠性reliability火工品在规定条件下、规定时间内完成其预定功能的能力。
019 静电感度sensitivity to initiation by electrostatic discharge电雷管在静电放电冲能作用下，发生爆炸的难易程度。
020 最小发火电流minimum firing current电雷管在规定的通电时间内达到规定的发火概率所需施加的最小电流。
021 发火电流firing current根据电雷管的最小发火电流和设计要求，在规定的通电时间内发火的额定电流。
最大不发火电流 maximum non-firing current 电雷管在规定的通电时间内达到规定的不发火概率所能施加的最大电流。
安全电流 safsty current 在一定的安全条件下，保证电火工品在规定的施加电流时间内不发火的恒定直流电流。
串联起爆电流 series firing current 能使规定发数串联的电雷管全部起爆的额定恒定直流电流。
测量电流 rated measuring current 测量电火工品电阻或检查发火电路时允许的最大电流。
爆发时间 （ 作用时间 ） bursting time 在起爆雷管时，从通电开始至雷管爆炸之间的时间。
激发时间 excitation time 在起爆电雷管时，从通电开始至电引火头发火的时间。
桥丝断裂时间 （ 滞后时间 ） lag time 在起爆电雷管时，从通电开始至桥丝断裂 （电路切断 ） 之间的时间。
感应时间 induction time 在起爆电雷管时，从桥丝断裂至雷管爆炸之间的时间。
激发反应时间 reaction time 从电引火头发火至雷管爆炸之间的时间。
传导时间 propagation time 反应时间与感应时间之差。
延期时间 delay time 延期元件或延期装药自燃烧开始至燃烧完毕的时间；或自向雷管输入激发冲能始至爆炸止的时间 022 023024 025026027 028029030031032033百毫秒发火电流100ms firing current电雷管对应于通电时间为100ms的最小发火电流。
034 电感度electricity sensitivity在发火冲能作用下，电火工品发火的难易程度，用发火冲能的倒数表示。
分为普通型、钝感型、高钝感型、特钝感型四种。
035 发火冲能activation impuls energy表征工业电雷管电感度的特征参数。
通常用两倍百毫秒发火电流的平方与在此电流作用下规定发火概率时的通电时间的乘积（A2?ms）表示；或用达到要求发火概率时单位电阻所需最小能量J1）表示。
036 串联丢炮no-fire in series shot电雷管在串联起爆试验时未能发火，但用最小发火电流单独通电仍能发火的现象。
037 外壳燃烧crust burning导火索点燃时，外壳发生燃烧的现象。
038 燃烧性combustibility导火索以一定燃速稳定传递火焰而不发生危及使用的现象（如透火、外壳燃烧、爆炸声响及断火）的能力。
039 导火索燃烧时间burning time of safety fuse规定长度的导火索从点燃开始至燃烧完毕的时间。
040 批燃烧时间差batch burning time difference同批工业导火索燃烧时间测定数值中最大值与最小值之差。
041 抗拉性能tensile strength火工品在一定条件下承受一定的拉力后，不损坏结构并保持其爆轰性能的能力。
042 起爆能力ignition power火工药剂或火工品，爆炸时引爆其它火工品或装药的能力。
043 极限起爆药量minimum initiating charge在规定条件下，起爆药能引爆猛炸药所需的最小药量。
044 雷管作功能力initiating efficiency ；initiating power ；initiating strength of detonator 雷管爆炸时爆炸产物对周围介质作功的能力。
045 耐压性pressure durability 起爆药的燃烧爆轰不受其自身所承受压药压力影响的能力。
通常以在一定装药条件下，起爆药可完全引爆猛炸药所能承受的最大压药压力来表示。
046 桥丝效应arching 当通过雷管的电流过高时，导火索头上的电阻丝被熔断，而不是加热，形成了破坏爆炸雷管作用的轻桥丝，这就是桥丝效应。
047 准爆电流burst current 能使桥丝或箔片断裂的电流值。
048 起爆桥线exploding bridge wire 通过电流起爆的导线。
它取代了电雷管中的发火药。
049 最大（建议）点火电流maximum （recommended） firing current安全有效点燃电雷管所需的最大建议电流，单位为A（安［培］）。
电流过高会损坏雷管并造成瞎炮。
050 最小（建议）点火电流minmum （recommended） firing current使电雷管在设定时间间隔引爆所需的最小点火电流，用A（安［培］）表示。
051 延期索delay cord 装药为延期药的、起延期作用的索类火工品。
052 雷管脚线cap wires 由电雷管引出的两只单独导线或双股导线。
053 迟发间隔delay interval 迟发爆破中相邻延滞期之间的名义时间间隔，也可以是一次爆破中的连续引爆之间的名义时间间隔。
054 迟发延滞期delay period 表示迟发雷管在给定系列中的相对或绝对时间的一种设置。
055 迟发标识delay tag 迟发电雷管或非电迟发雷管上表示迟发顺序以及实际延迟起爆时间的一种标签、镶边或者记号。
056 迟发系列delay series 用来满足特定爆破要求的一个迟发雷管系列。
基本上有两类迟发系列：迟发间隔以毫秒计的毫秒迟发系列（MS）和迟发间隔以秒计的长时迟发系列（LP）。
057 电磁起爆electromagnetic initiation 使用电磁能起爆雷管。
该项技术与无线电通讯所使用的技术是一样的，通常使用的为超低频系统。
058 烟火延时pyrotechnic delay 用烟火制成的起爆剂的延时间隔。
此种延发器不能很精确制造，且定时的散布随延时段数而增大。
严禁间隔重叠。
需要高精度时，如控制光面爆破时，建议使用电子雷管。
059 射频能radio-frequency energy由电磁波通过空气、液体或固体传递的电频谱内的能（3 X 105〜3X 1012H Z）。
在理想条件下，通常在空气中，有可能激发电雷管。
因此，国家主管部门颁布了由发射器至电雷管的安全距离（随能量和波长而定）工业雷管060 电火工品electric initiating explosive device以电能激发的火工品，又称电爆装置（electric explosive device）。
061 工业火雷管flash detonator ；plain detonator ；fuse detonator用导火索的火焰冲能激发的工业雷管。
062 工业电雷管electric detonator通过桥丝的电冲能激发的工业雷管。
063 普通电雷管common electric detonator用于一般工程爆破的工业电雷管。
064 特种电雷管special electric detonator 具有特种性能与用途的工业电雷管。
065 煤矿许用电雷管permissible electric detonator 允许在有瓦斯和煤尘爆炸危险的矿井中使用的特种电雷管。
066 地震勘探用电雷管seismograph electric blasting cap 用于地震勘探的特种电雷管。
067 耐温电雷管high temperature resistant electric detonator 具有耐高温性能的特种电雷管。
068 耐压电雷管high pressure resistant electric detonator 具有耐高压性能的特种电雷管。
069 耐温耐压电雷管high temperature-pressure resistant electric detonator 具有耐高温、耐高压性能的特种电雷管。