托福阅读总结题的整理

托福阅读总结题的整理
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，今天给大家带来了托福阅读总结题的整理,希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读总结题的整理
总结题主要目的：考查学生理解和识别主要内容和文中所提及重要的信息。

这类考题的特点：
有六个选项，你可以从中选出三个最能表达主要思想的句子。

这类考题分值是2分，选出三个得2分，选出2 个得1分，顺序选择不影响得分。

Direction:
An introductory sentence or a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the three answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points
解决这类考题的方法：
一、清楚*的论证类型
总分型一般容易出这类考题。

我以中文为例，丽丽老师是一个非常好的人。

首先，她很乐于助人例如一次我看见她扶一个盲人过马路，其次丽丽老师很慷慨，有一次我看见她为希望工程捐了她当时兜里的全部钱(50元)，第三丽丽很谦虚和平易近人。

这样的*特别容易出总结题
Lily is a nice person
◆ 1
◆ 3
◆ 5
1、丽丽乐于助人
2、丽丽扶一个盲人过马路
3、丽丽老师很慷慨，
4、老余捐了100元
5、丽丽很谦虚和平易近人
6、丽丽经常打架
正确答案应该是1、3、5
二、解决方法：
一)主体词排除错误选项法
首先抓住要总结的关键词也就是主体词，就是要问哪方向的内容，如上个例子，主体题丽丽一定会在正确答案中出现，不然问的是丽丽可以答案谈论的是别人，就变得完全不相关了，根据这个特点我们可以排除4老余捐了100元
如OG上的一道总结题可以直接使用主体词排除错误选项的方法
The technology of modern cinema evolved at the end of the nineteenth century.
◆ 3
◆ 5
◆ 6
1、Kinetoscope parlors or viewing films were modeled on phonograph parlors
2、Thomas Edison’s design of the Kinetoscope inspired the development of large screen projection.
3、Early cinema allowed individuals to use special machines to view films privately.
4、Slides-and-lantern shows had been presented.
5、The development of projection technology made it possible to project images on a large screen
6、once films images could be projected, the cinema became
a form of mass consumption
其中只有三个选项有本问题的关键词，本问题的关键词是the technology of cinema.
二)细节信息排除法
总结题是对对*的高度概括所以细节的出现犯了以偏概全的错误，如中文例子中的2、丽丽扶一个盲人过马路。

这是一个具体的事实细节，我们要绕过例子看总结。

所以在排除它。

如OG中的一道题目
This passage discusses fossils that help to explain the likely origins of cetaceans-whales, porpoises and dolphins
◆ 1
◆ 2
◆ 5
Answer choices
1、Recent discoveries of fossils have helped to show he link between land mammals and cetaceans(这是*的主题)
2、The discovery of Ambulocetus natans provided evidence for
a whale that lived both on land and at sea.(总结性信息)
3、The skeleton of Basilosaurus are found in what had been the Tehys Sea, an area rich in fossil evidence. (绝对的事实细节)-排除
4 、Pakicetus is the oldest fossil whale yet to be found((绝对的事实细节)-排除
5、Fossils thought to be transitional forms between walking mammals and swimming whales were found..(主题)
6、Ambulocetus’hind legs were used for propulsion in the water. ((绝对的事实细节)-排除
三)新信息出现排除
如6、丽丽经常打架，原文没有出现，所以正确答案中一定没有。

托福阅读真题原题+题目
The canopy, the upper level of the trees in the rain forest, holds a plethora of climbing mammals of moderately large size, which may include monkeys, cats, civets, and porcupines.
Smaller species, including such rodents as mice and small squirrels, are not as prevalent overall in high tropical canopies as they are in most habitats globally.
Small mammals, being warm blooded, suffer hardship in the exposed and turbulent environment of the uppermost trees. Because a small body has more surface area per unit of weight than a large one of similar shape, it gains or loses heat more swiftly. Thus, in the trees,where shelter from heat and cold may be scarce and conditions may fluctuate, a small mammal may have trouble maintaining its body temperature.
Small size makes it easy to scramble among twigs and branches in the canopy for insects,flowers, or fruit, but small mammals are surpassed, in the competition for food, by large ones that have their own tactics for browsing among food-rich twigs. The weight of a gibbon (a small ape) hanging below a branch arches the terminal leaves down so that fruit-bearing foliage drops toward the gibbons face. Walking or leaping species of a similar or even larger size access the outer twigs either by snapping off and retrieving the
whole branch or by clutching stiff branches with the feet or tail and plucking food with their hands.
Small climbing animals may reach twigs readily, but it is harder for them than for large climbing animals to cross the wide gaps from on tree crown to the next that typify the high canopy. A macaque or gibbon can hurl itself farther than a mouse can: it can achieve a running start, and it can more effectively use a branch as a springboard, even bouncing on a climb several times before jumping. The forward movement of a small animal is seriously reduced by the air friction against the relatively large surface area of its body. Finally, for the many small mammals that supplement their insect diet with fruits or seeds, an inability to span open gaps between tree crowns may be problematic, since trees that yield these foods can be sparse.
1. The passage answers which of the following questions?
(A) How is the rain forest different from other habitats?
(B) How does an animals body size influence an animals need for food?
(C) Why does the rain forest provide an unusual variety of food for animals?
(D) Why do large animals tend to dominate the upper canopy of the rain forest?
2. Which of the following animals is less common in the upper canopy than in other environments?
(A) Monkeys
(B) Cats
(C) Porcupines
(D) Mice
3. The word they in line 4 refers to
(A) trees
(B) climbing mammals of moderately large size
(C) smaller species
(D) high tropical canopies
4. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about the small mammals in the rain
forest?。