新实用汉语课本2第15课件

S + V + O + 了。
我吃饭了。 我下班了。
我生病了。
S + 没(有) V + O + 了。 我没吃饭。 我没上课。
她没去上海。
To form a “V 不 V” or “A 不 A” question， juxtapose the affirmative form of the verb with its negative(“…没…”)， or add “…了没 有” to the end of an affirmative sentence.
我喝了一杯咖啡。
林娜吃了很多东西。
他借了我的自行车。
Generally speaking, a sentence with a verb followed by “了” cannot exist alone unless there is an attributive before the object; if not, it must be followed by another sentence. 我买了苹果。 × 我买了苹果，还买了香蕉。 √ 今天早上我吃了面包，还喝了牛奶。
我很好，你呢？
Lesson 15
生词： páiduì to form a line; to queue up 排队 排：to arrange; to put in order
队：a row of people; line
排队上车 排队买东西
排两个队
不用排队
huàn 换
yīngbàng 英镑 pound sterling
Reduplicating a verb has the function of implying a short duration for that action or the idea of giving something a try. In this sense, it is similar to adding 一下 to the verb. 介绍介绍 介绍一下
4.用“还是”的选择问句 alternative questions with “还 是” 你吃苹果还是葡萄？
5.用“好吗？”（或“是不是？”、“是吗？”、 “可以吗？”）的问句 the questions with “好 吗？” 、“是不是？”、“是吗？” or “可以吗？
6.用“呢”的省略式问句 Elliptical questions with the question particle “呢”
to change; to exchange
Rénmí nbì 人民币
RMB
gāng 刚 gāngcái 刚才
(Adv) just; only a short while ago
(nouns of time) just now
刚（刚刚）is an adverb, it expresses that an action or a situation took place a while ago, while 刚才is a noun, it refers to the time that just passed. They have different parts of speech and different usages.
If “了” occurs in a sentence and the verb is followed by the object, the object is usually preceded by a numeral measure word or other attributives.
S + V + 了 + Num/Adj/Pron +wk.baidu.comO
请你介绍介绍你的国家。
cóng 从 沈阳去北京。 从 + 地方1 + V. + 地方2
地方1
银行
V.
去 来 回
地方2
书店 学校 德国
从
家 中国
gāi 该 + NP + (V) + 了 it’s somebody’s turn (to do something) 该你打扫宿舍了。
该你换钱了
Lesson 15 她去上海了
The particle 了2 . It always appears at the end of a sentence.
The particle 了1 can follow a verb to donate the completion or realization of an action. 我买了一本书。 S+V+了+O 我吃了一个苹果。
你吃饭了没有？
你吃没吃饭？
她每天早上6：30来学院。 他早上吃了8个面包。
她来得很早。 他吃得真多。
她昨天写了100个汉字。
她写得很多。
The complement of state
P15
（1）V + 得 + Adv + A.
吃 得
穿 得
很
很
饱
漂亮
（2） The negative form：
V + 得 + 不 + A.
Four kinds of simple sentences:
1.动词谓语句 sentence with a verbal predicate
这个星期四是我的生日。
2.形容词谓语句 sentences with an adjectival predicate 我很高兴。 爸爸妈妈身体都很好。
3.名词谓语句 sentences with a norminal predicate
吃 得
走 得
不
不
好
远
(3) The V/A-not-V/A question form:
V + 得 + A + 不 A？
睡 走 得 得 好不好？ 累不累？ 睡得好吗？ 走得累吗？
(4) In this kind of sentence, if there is an object following the verb, the verb needs to be reduplicated and then placed after the object, but before “得”. The first verb is often omitted.
(V) + O + V + 得 + Adv + A.
Reduplication of the verb
shǔ shǔ 数一 数
多少钱
看一看 (看看) 听一听 (听听)
In Chinese, verbs can be reduplicated. The form:
AA/A一A
说一说
ABAB
介绍介绍 学习学习
今天星期一。 4.主谓谓语句 sentences with a subject-predicate phrase as predicate 沈阳东西贵不贵？
Six question types
1.用“吗”提问 questions with “吗” 你是美国人吗？ 2.正反疑问句 V/A-not-V/A question 你吃不吃鱼？ 3.用疑问代词的问句 questions with an interrogative pronoun The interrogative pronoun: 谁、什么、哪、哪 儿、怎么、怎么样、多少、几
The negative form of the structure “V + 了” is “没（有）+ V” and “了” must be deleted. 我喝了两杯咖啡。 我没喝咖啡。
她去上海了
The 了2 emphatically confirms the completion or realization of some event or situation.