高中英语重点词汇精讲
2022高中英语必修一U2重点词汇精讲精练
（新北师大版）Unit2必背单词和词块背阅读单词——会认就行(背诵时遮住右侧汉语，先自主翻译，后比对词义）1．athlete n．运动员2．jog v i.&n. 慢跑3．cycle v i. 骑自行车4．track n. 跑道5．stair n. 楼梯；梯级6．net n. (网球等的)球网；网7．court n. (网球等的)球场8．underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队)；弱方9．champion n. 冠军，第一名10．crash v i.&v t. 猛撞11．clap v i.&v t. 鼓掌，拍手12．bounce v i.&v t. (使)弹起，(使)反弹13．audience n. 观众；听众14．bite v i.&v t. 咬15．case n. 状况，场合；事例，实例16．annual adj. 一年一度的，每年的17．halfway ad v. 半途地18．tip n. 建议，忠告，窍门(二)背重点单词——写对才行1．diet n. 日常饮食2．within prep. 在……之内3．defeat v t. (在比赛、战争中)战胜，打败4．company n. 公司；一群人5．desire n. 渴望6．gather v i.&v t. 聚集，聚合7．pack n. 包，包裹v i.&v t. 把……包起来8．earn v t. 赢得；博得9．remind v t. 使(某人)想起，提醒10．quit v i.&v t. 停止(做某事)1．frequent adj.频繁的，时常发生的→frequency n．发生的频率，发生率→frequently ad v.频繁地，经常地2．prefer v t.更喜欢→preference n．偏爱，倾向；优先权3．balance n．平衡；余额；匀称v t.使平衡；结算；使相称→balanced adj.均衡的4．regular adj.经常的；定期的；有规律的→regularly ad v.经常；定期地5．replace v t.代替，取代→replacement n．替换的人(物)6．sharp adj.急剧的；锋利的；强烈的；敏捷的→sharply ad v.严厉地，毫不客气地7．energy n．力量，活力→energetic adj.精力充沛的；积极的；有力的8．crowd n．人群v i.拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的；塞满的9．announce v t.宣布；通告→announcement n．通告，公告→announcer n．播音员；宣告者10．prohibit v t.禁止→prohibition n．禁止；禁令→prohibitive adj.禁止的11．occupy v t.占用，占去(时间)→occupation n．职业→occupied adj.忙于……的；使用中的12．disappoint v t.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望；扫兴；沮丧→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的13．amaze v t.使惊奇→amazing adj.令人惊异的→amazingly ad v.惊人地，了不起地→amazed adj.惊奇的，吃惊的→amazement n．吃惊；惊讶10．[语境活用]1．A teacher should not show preference for any one of his pupils, but most teachers prefer to make friends with the polite students.(prefer)2．He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities, so his occupation brings him great fame.(occupy)3．To his disappointment,_he didn't enter the final, which was disappointing.But he was not disappointed and said he would not lose heart.He believed that he wouldn't disappoint his parents.(disappoint)4．It is an amazing discovery so we are amazed at it; to our amazement,_it is a young man who made the discovery.(amaze)5．My secretary leaves us next week, so we are advertising fora replacement(replace)．(四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行1．prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿2．desire n．渴望，愿望，心愿vt.期望，希望3．remind vt.使(某人)想起，提醒4．prohibit vt.禁止5．occupy vt.占用，占去(时间)；占据(五)背短语词块——表达出彩，需多积词块才行单元短语再认再现1．rather_than而不是2．in_good/bad_shape 健康状况良好/不佳3．try_out_for_sth. 争取成为；参加选拔4．crash_into 猛撞，猛击5．gather_around 聚集6．not_..._anymore 不再……7．let_sb.down 使失望，辜负8．pay_off 取得成功；奏效9．keep_up_with 跟上，保持同步10．in_case 以防万一11．sign_up 报名12．ought_to 应该，应当1．1．pay off取得成功；奏效；达到目的2．keep up with跟上，保持同步3．in case以防万一。
牛津高中英语模块二Unit1-重点词汇精讲
牛津高中英语模块二Unit1-重点词汇精讲重点词汇精讲一、重点词汇列表动词search, murder, support, exist名词creature, witness, research, possibility, case, evidence, progress, treasure, strength形容词puzzled, puzzling, convincing, disappointed, similar重点词组run into, step up, due to, go missing, show up, according to, put on, rule out, look into, make up, take charge of, so far, be similar to, besaid to do, run after, on average二、精选词汇讲解1. search(1) search vt./vi. 搜索,搜寻,搜查search sb 搜（某人的）身；search somewhere 在某处搜查search somewhere for sth. 在某处搜寻某物；search for sth. 搜寻/寻找某物They searched him without any reason.他们毫无理由地搜了他的身。
They searched every part of the temple for the murderer. 他们对这座寺庙进行了全面搜查，以便找出凶手。
Scientists are searching for a cure for the disease. 科学家正在寻找治愈这种疾病的办法。
He is searching for the missing key. 他正在寻找失踪的钥匙。
(2) search n. 搜寻，寻找in search of … 寻找/寻求某物The villagers continued their search for the lost child in the forest. 村民们继续在森林里寻找那个迷路的孩子。
高考英语核心词汇详解讲义
高考核心单词----动词精讲（高考动力站）1.abandon vt. = give up = throw1.离开, 遗弃2.放弃, 停止做（某事）3.放纵, 放任派生abandoned a.-ed结尾: 动词/形容词I abandon myself in wasting time.我让我自己放纵于浪费时间。
= I am abandoned in wasting time.abandon A in B 使A放纵于B2.abolish vt.废除, 废止（+ certain system某些系统/ certain practice某些行动）PK cancel vt.取消abuse 滥用abnormal 不正常的ab-开头表示否定3.absorb vt.“吮”1.吸收（某事物）, 吸进2.将（某物）合并, 并吞3.完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或兴趣派生be absorbed in sth.沉浸于sth.I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything.4.accommodate vt.来自commodity n.日用品-ity -ment -hood -ness –on名词mode模式model模型module模块-mod-样子= put up sb.1.供给某人住宿或房间2.适应, 迁就, 迎合派生accommodation n.旅馆5.accompany vt.company n.公司；朋友=friendI accompany him.= I keep company with him我伴随着他。
1.伴随或跟随（某人）, 陪伴2.与某事物同时存在或发生派生accompany A by/ with B用B来伴随AI accompany him with swim.（错）I accompany him with swimming.我让他天天游泳。
3.给某人伴奏派生accompany sb.at / on sth.在sth.给sb.伴奏I accompany him at the party.6.accuse vt.指责某人有错；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；谴责派生accuse sb.of sth.因为sth.谴责sb.+ of 的动词cheat sb.of sth.从sb.身上骗取sth.rob sb.of sth. 从sb.身上抢sth.steal sb.of sth. 从sb.身上偷sth.cure sb.of sth. 治好sb.的疾病instruct sb.of sth. 把sth.教给sb.inform sb.of sth. 把sth.通知给sb.persuade sb.of sth. 劝sb.做sth.7.accustom vt.使……习惯于custom n.习俗派生accustom A to B 使A习惯BI accustom myself to wearing glasses .我已经习惯戴眼镜了。
Unit+4+重点词汇精讲讲义- 高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册
Unit4重点词汇精讲●Parcel v/n.包裹，邮包；一批，一群；同根词：n.parceling缠包帆布条；打包近义词：package/enlace词组：part and parcel必要部分；重要的部分part and parcel of不可缺少的一部分parcel post邮政包裹；包裹邮递land parcel地块air parcel. 空运parcel out分配，把…分成几份parcel of land地片●Dust v.擦去……的灰尘；把粉末撒于/n.沙尘；灰尘；粉末；同根词：adj.dusty落满灰尘的n.duster抹布，掸子；除尘器；打扫灰尘的人dustiness灰蒙蒙；多灰尘；尘污近义词：powder/dirt词组：in the dust死了；入土dust removal除尘，除尘设备dust collector吸尘器；集尘器coal dust煤尘；煤粉dust collection收尘；集尘；吸尘dust control防尘；尘埃控制；飞尘捕集dust concentration粉尘浓度；尘末浓度dust catcher除尘器dust storm尘暴dust remover除尘器；扑灰机dust explosion尘爆；尘末爆炸dust off抹去灰尘dust emission粉尘排放，烟尘排放；[机]扬尘量fine dust细粉尘flue dust. 烟灰；烟道灰；炉顶灰dust filter滤尘器；尘土过滤器dust content尘含量；含尘率dust particle尘粒；微尘dust and ashes尘土和炉灰；令人失望的事物dust bowl风沙侵蚀区Cotton n.棉，棉花；棉布；/v.开始领会，开始明白同根词：adj.cottony棉的；像棉样的；起毛的；柔软的近义词：square/identify/coincide词组：cotton fabric棉布；棉纤物cotton yarn棉纱；棉纱线cotton fiber棉纤维cotton spinning棉纺；棉纺工艺cotton cloth棉布cotton textile棉纺织品raw cotton原棉；未加工棉cotton ball棉球；硼钠钙石cotton wool原棉；棉绒；脱脂棉cotton fibre棉纤维cotton goods棉制品；棉纺织品；应交税的商品cotton thread棉线white cotton白棉花cotton pad化装棉；棉褥cotton piece goods棉布匹combed cotton精梳棉；精棉；精梳棉纱organic cotton有机棉cotton mill. 纺织厂cotton canvas棉帆布；棉质油画布Rigid adj.严格死板的，僵化的；同根词：adj.rigorous严格的，严厉的；严密的；严酷的adv.rigidly严格地；坚硬地；严厉地；牢牢地n.rigidity[物] 硬度，[力] 刚性；严格，刻板；僵化；坚硬rigor严厉；精确；苛刻；僵硬rigidness坚硬；严厉vi.rigidify僵化；固定近义词：strict/precise/wooden/accurate词组：rigid body刚体；刚性体rigid frame刚性构架rigid frame bridge刚构桥，刚架桥；刚架式桥梁rigid plastic硬质塑料rigid pavement刚性路面；混凝土路面rigid foam硬质泡沫塑料；硬塑胶rigid foundation刚性基础；刚性地基；钢性基础rigid connection刚性联接rigid polyvinyl chloride硬聚氯乙烯rigid structure[化]刚性结构rigid system刚体系；刚性系统rigid support刚性支承；刚性支架；刚强支柱rigid rotor刚性转子；刚接式旋翼；整体转筒rigid steel硬钢Drag v.拖，拽；用鼠标拖动；同根词：adj.dragging拖延的；拖曳用的n.dragger拖曳等之人或物；小型拖网渔船近义词：pull/tow词组：drag on拖延drag and drop拖放drag reduction减阻drag coefficient阻力系数；曳引系数drag in插入讨论中；拉进drag force拖曳力，曳力click and drag单击并拖动drag down向下拖aerodynamic drag空气动力阻力friction drag摩阻；磨擦阻力air drag空气阻力drag along拖着脚走，慢慢地行走drag out拖延frictional drag摩擦阻力；摩擦拽力drag link拉杆drag racing直线加速赛；短程高速赛车；减重短程高速汽车赛；街头飚车（汽车）drag torque阻力矩；曳力矩；拖曳转矩drag chain牵引链wave drag波阻drag over拖过；拖出●Privilege v.<正式> 给予特权，特别优待；/n.特权，特殊待遇；荣幸，光荣；同根词：adj.privileged享有特权的；近义词：franchise/peculiar词组：special privilege特权；特别优惠；特殊许可access privilege存取特权; 访问特权;user privilege用户权限●Resign v.辞（职），放弃（工作或职位）；（使）听任，（使）顺从同根词：adj.resigned顺从的；已辞职的；己放弃的adv.resignedly听从地；服从地n.resignation辞职；放弃；辞职书；顺从近义词：yield/desert/refer/quit词组：resign from辞职resign oneself to使听从于; 听任; 听凭于; 甘受resign one's post辞职Contract n.合同，契约/v.（使）收缩，缩小；签合同，订立契约同根词：adj.contractual契约的，合同的adv.contractually合约地；合同性地；契约规定地n.contractor承包人；立契约者contraction收缩，紧缩；缩写式；害病近义词：affect/catch/communicate词组：contract with承包；与…订有合约contract in[法]保证承担义务labor contract 劳工合同contract management合同管理breach of contract违约；违反合同sales contract销售合同insurance contract保险契约，保险合同contract price合约价格；发包价格construction contract建筑包工合同under the contract依据本合同employment contract雇佣合同；聘约purchase contract购货合同sign a contract签订合同；签合同；签署合同by contract承包；根据合同under contract根据合同psychological contract心理契约；精神契约contract terms合同条款on contract按合约方式service contract劳务合同social contract社会契约Grant v.授予，给予；承认/n.补助金，拨款；同根词：n.grantee受让人；被授与者grantor授予者；[法] 让与人granter出让方；出让人；授与者；转让者近义词：award/let/accept/recognize/agree词组：take for granted认为…理所当然government grant政府批地书，政府补助金Relay v.传递，传达（信息、新闻等）；中继转发，转播近义词：retransmit词组：torch relay火炬传递；火炬接力；圣火传递relay protection继电保护relay race接力赛frame relay[计]帧中继time relay时间继电器electromagnetic relay电磁式继电器relay station中继站；中断电台protective relay保护继电器solid state relay固态继电器distance relay测距继电器differential relay差动继电器medley relay混合泳；混合泳接力current relay电流继电器；电撂电器relay system中继系统；全继电器制relay contact继电器触点，继电匹点intermediate relay中间继电器power system relay protection电力系统继电保护原理thermal overload relay热继电器；热过载继电器alarm relay警报继电器thermal relay[电]热继电器。
Unit(1)Relationships高频词汇知识点课件高中英语北师大新版选择性
词汇拓展
①present vt.(尤指在正式场合)颁发,授予;赠送;提交 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.给某人颁发某物;把某物颁发给某人 •The headmaster presented the winner with the award.校长给获胜者颁奖。 ②present adj.现在的,目前的; 出席的,在场的 be present at到场,出席 the present situation当前的形势 ③present n.现在;礼物 at present目前,现在 for the present暂时
词汇 4 | for the first time初次,第一次
用法归纳 for the first time表示“初次,第一次”,是介词短语,一般在句中作 状语 。 词汇拓展
the first time意为“第一次”,是名词短语,用法如下: ①可引导时间状语从句。 •I fell in love with the library the first time I saw it.第一次看到这个图书馆时,我就喜欢上了它。 ②可用于This/That/It is/was the first time that...句型中,that从句多用完成时态。主句为一般 现在时,that从句用现在完成时;主句为一般过去时,that从句用过去完成时。 •This is the first time that they’ve ever come to England.这是他们第一次来英国。 ③还可接that或when引导的定语从句,that、when可省略。
Unit3重点词汇精讲讲义高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册
Unit3重点词汇精讲●Emission n.排放物，散发物；近义词：shot/sending/launch/jet/projection词组/拓展：acoustic emission声发射，声频发射；声发射检验gas emission瓦斯泄出；气体放出；瓦斯喷出field emission场致发射；自动发射；静电发射；电场发射emission control排放控制；废气排出控制；发射控制；散发污染物管理规则emission spectrometry发射光谱测量学atomic emission原子发射exhaust emission废气排放spontaneous emission[电磁学]自发发射pollutant emission污染物排放；污染发散物atomic emission spectrometry原子发射光谱法；原子发射光谱学emission standard排放标准emission spectrum发射光谱；放射谱positron emission正电子发射emission rate放射率；排放速度carbon emission碳排放；碳排放量；二氧化碳排放positron emission tomography[化]正电子成象术；正电子放射断层造影术dust emission粉尘排放，烟尘排放；[机]扬尘量emission spectra发射光谱emission spectroscopy发射光谱学methane emission沼气泄出●Starve v.（使）挨饿，饿死；使极其缺乏，需要同根词：adj.starving饥饿的；挨饿的starveling挨饿的，饥饿的；饿瘦了的；贫穷的n.starvation饿死；挨饿；绝食starveling挨饿者；饿瘦了的人近义词：rare/die form hunger词组/拓展：starve to death饿死starve for渴望；急需starve for sth 渴望得到某物Release v/n.释放，放走；使出院同根词：n.releasing释放；松释动作近义词：deliver/send/free/project/convey词组/拓展：release rate释放率；释放速度controlled release控释；长效press release新闻稿；通讯稿release from解除；豁免heat release放热；热放出news release. 通讯社或政府机构发布的新闻稿（等于press release）energy release能量放出release agent脱模剂；隔离剂release date发布日期；发行日期；出厂日期release mechanism释放机构；安全机构；分离机构；脱开机械装置day release职工脱产学习时间quick release快拆杆；快速断路block release脱产进修（英国和欧洲大陆提高企业人员水平的）release valve泄气阀；放气阀pressure release[物]压力释放release lever解锁手柄；分离杆stress release应力释放；应力消除release pressure释放压力release paper[化]剥离纸，防粘纸release time释放时间Carbon n.碳；复写纸；炭精棒；碳纤维同根词：adj.carbonated碳化的，碳酸的；含二氧化碳的carbonized碳化的n.carbonate碳酸盐carbonation碳酸饱和；碳酸化作用近义词：kryptol词组/拓展：carbon dioxide二氧化碳carbon fiber碳化纤维，碳素纤维carbon steel[化]碳钢，碳素钢activated carbon. [化]活性碳low carbon低碳的carbon black炭黑；碳黑active carbon活性炭；活性炭黑carbon monoxide一氧化碳carbon content. 碳含量carbon nanotube碳纳米管；奈米碳管organic carbon有机碳low carbon steel低碳钢carbon source碳源carbon fibre碳纤维high carbon steel高碳钢carbon footprint碳足迹；碳排放量carbon electrode碳电极carbon cycle碳循环，碳化循环white carbon black白炭黑●Sustain v.维持，保持；维持……的生命；遭受，经受；同根词：adj.sustainable可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的sustained持续的；持久的；持久不变的n.sustainability持续性；永续性；能维持性sustainer支持者，维持者；主发动机；支撑的人物近义词：maintain/undertake/support/accept/favor词组/拓展：sustain losses蒙受损失●Trend n.趋势，动态；时尚，风尚；热门话题近义词：tendency/tide/direction/liability/set词组/拓展：market trend市场趋势；市场趋向general trend一般趋势trend analysis趋势分析trend towards 趋向（倾向）downward trend向下趋势，下跌趋势follow the trend跟随时尚economic trend[经]经济趋势trend line趋势线；走向线；瞧直线common trend共同趋势；总趋向，总走向linear trend线性趋势sales trend销售趋势；销售动向trend growth趋势增长buck the trend反潮流trend analysis method趋势分析法trend growth rate趋势增长率trend test趋势检验；趋向试验secular trend长期趋势Policy n.政策，方针；(处事) 原则，策略；保险单同根词：adj.police警察的；有关警察的n.police警察，警方；治安policyholder投保人；保险客户近义词：deal词组/拓展：monetary policy货币政策economic policy经济政策foreign policy外交政策public policy国家政策national policy国家政策quality policy质量方针；品质政策industrial policy产业政策；工业政策open policy开放政策；预定保险单；开口保险单fiscal policy财政政策insurance policy保险单，保单policy support政策倾斜，政策支持tax policy税收政策trade policy贸易政策policy making制定政策security policy安全策略，安全政策housing policy房屋政策；住宅政策control policy控制策略financial policy财政政策；金融政策basic policy基本方针privacy policy隐私权政策；隐私策略Reform v./n改革，革新；同根词：adj.reformed改革过的；新教的reformist改良主义的；改良运动的reformable可改革的；可感化的；可革除的reformative改良的reformatory改革的；感化的；革新的n.reformation革新；改善reformer改革家；改革运动者；改良者reforestation重新造林reformist改革者；改革主义者reformatory少年管教所近义词：transformation/correction/amendment词组/拓展：curriculum reform课程改革educational reform教育改革reform and opening-up改革开放economic reform经济改革deepen the reform深化改革reform measures改革措施technical reform技术改造tax reform税制改革land reform土地改革political reform政治改革，政制改革；变法social reform社会改革；社会改良institutional reform体制改革；制度改革promote reform促进改革democratic reform民主改革economy and reform经济与改革banking reform金融改革，银行改革reform school. 教养院；少年感化院；少年犯管教所agrarian reform土地改革tariff reform关税改革shareholding reform股份制改造Harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；悦耳的；和谐的，协调的同根词：adj.harmonic和声的；谐和的；音乐般的adv.harmoniously和谐地；调和地harmonically和声地；调和地n.harmony协调；和睦；融洽；调和harmonic[物] 谐波；和声harmonization和谐；融洽；悦耳harmoniousness调和vi.harmonize协调；和谐近义词：united/balanced/sweet/friendly/musical词组/拓展：harmonious socialist society社会主义和谐社会harmonious world和谐世界Conservation n.保护，保存；节约，防止浪费；守恒定律同根词：adj.conservative保守的conservatory有保存力的；保存性的conserved保守的conserving保存的adv.conservatively谨慎地；保存地；适当地n.conservative保守派，守旧者conserve果酱；蜜饯conservatory温室；音乐学校conservancy管理；保护；保存近义词：preservation/protection/maintenance词组/拓展：energy conservation能量守恒；能源节约water conservation节约用水，水源保护；水利soil conservation土壤保持water and soil conservation水土保持resource conservation资源保护；资源保育conservation of energy[物]能量守恒（定律）conservation law守恒律environmental conservation环境保护mass conservation质量守恒；质量不变conservation tillage水土保持耕作；保护耕作，保育耕作momentum conservation动量守恒conservation area保护区conservation of mass质量守恒；质量守恒定律conservation equation守恒方程wildlife conservation野生生物保护nature conservation自然保护；自然保育；自然保持conservation biology保护生物学conservation of momentum动量守恒；动量不变原理forest conservation森林保护world conservation union世界自然保护联盟；世界自然保育联合会。
外研版高中英语必修1 Module3__核心词汇精讲
Module3 核心词汇精讲1.expertadj. n.专家，内行的搭配：be an expert in/on…在……方面是行家be expert in/at doing 在……方面在行he is a world expert on panda research.他在熊猫研究方面是一位世界级的专家。
He is expert in/at finding useful information about study.他在寻找有用的学习信息方面很在行。
2. distance n.距离，远处，远方【课本原文】which of them can you use to travel a long distance.It’s a great/some/no distance from here.离此处很/相当/不远。
In the USA distance is measured in miles，not kilometers.在美国，测量距离用英里，不用千米。
【构成短语】：at a distance 隔一定距离in the distance 在远处keep sb. at a distance与某人保持一定距离联想distant adj.遥远的，远方的3. abandon放弃，遗弃，舍弃He abandoned his wife and children.他拋弃了他的妻子和儿女。
He abandoned the plan.他放弃了这个计划。
【构成短语】：abandon oneself to 沉溺于(to是介词)sb.be abandoned to doing sth.某人沉溺于做某事He is abandoned to playing computer games.=He abandoned himself to playing computer games. 他沉溺于玩电脑游戏。
abandoned adj.被遗弃的，放纵的We saw abandoned farms which were built more than 100 years ago. 我们看到了建于100多年前被遗弃的农场。
Unit1高频词汇知识点清单高中英语人教版选择性
新教材人教版英语选择性必修第一册UNIT 1UNIT 1高频词汇知识点清单UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT目录高频词汇精讲1. vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的；维持生命所必需的2. committed adj. 尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的3. objective n. 目标；目的adj. 客观的4. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢5. insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求；坚持说6. conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束；结尾7. circumstance n. (常用复数)条件；环境；状况8. passion n. 酷爱；激情9. consequence n. 结果；后果；重要性10. sum vi. 总结；概括n. 金额；款项；总数；总和高频词汇积累结构1. It strikes sb. +that. . . 某人突然意识到……结构2. 独立主格结构结构3. as though/if引导从句非限制性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句的作用二、使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题三、as、which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别四、“代词/数词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句高频词汇精讲1. vital adj. 必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的；维持生命所必需的Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. . .青蒿素已经成为疟疾治疗的一个极其重要的部分…… (教材P2)情景导学Tourism is vital for/to the city seconomy.旅游业对这个城市的经济至关重要。
Languages play a vital role in ensuring cultural diversity and strengthening cooperation. 语言在确保文化多样性和加强合作方面起着至关重要的作用。
高中英语核心考纲词汇精讲
高中英语核心考纲词汇精讲一、常考的单词辨音词汇：1.abroad[ә‟brɔ:d]2.according[ә‟kɔ:diη]3.actual[…æk t∫uәl]4.advance[әd‟va:ns]5.advantage [әd‟va:ntid3]6.adventure[әd‟ven t∫ә]7.affair[ә‟fεә]8.afford[ә‟fɔ:d] 9.aircraft[…εәkra:ft]10.allow[ә‟lau]11.alone[ә‟lәun]2.although[ɔ:l‟ðәu]13.announce[ә‟nauns]14.apologize[ә‟pɔlәd3aiz][…ei∫ә]16.assistant[ә…sistәnt]17.astonish[әs‟tɔni∫]18.aunt[a:nt] 19.autumn […ɔ:tәm]20.balloon[bә‟lu:n]21.bathe[beið]22.beard[biәd]23.biscuit[…biskit]24.blanket[…blæηkit]25.blood[blΛd]26.blouse[blauz]27.board[bɔ:d]28.broad[brɔ:d]29.brush[brΛ∫]30.bucket[bΛkit]31.bury[beri]32.bush[bu∫]33.busy[…bizi] 34.butcher[…bu t∫ә] 35.button[…bΛtn]36.cafe[…kæfei] 37.Canadian[kә‟neid iәn] 38.captain[…kæptin] 39.carpet[…ka:pit]40.cause[kɔ:z]41.celebrate[…selibreit]42.cent[sent] 43.certainly[…sә:tnli]44.chalk[t∫ɔ:k]45.choose[t∫u:z] 46.church[t∫ә: t∫] 47.cigar[si‟ga:]48.classroom[…kla:srum]49. clerk[kla:k][ ә:]50.cloth[klɔθ] 51.clothes[klәuðz] 52.clothing[…klәuðiη]53.cool[ku:l]54.corn[kɔ:n]55.corner[kɔ:n ә]56.cough[kɔf] 57.could[kud] 58.cousin[…kΛzn]59.cupboard[…kΛbәd]60.curtain[…kә:tn] 61.cushion[…ku∫әn] 62.danger[…deid3ә] 63.depth[depθ] 64.determine[di‟tә:min]65.diamond[daiә‟mәnd] 66.disease[di‟zi:z]67.disturb[dis‟tәb] 68.drawer[drɔ:] 69.entire[in‟taiә]70.envy[envi] 71.evening[i:‟vniη] 72.exhibition[,eks‟bi∫әu] 73.false[fɔ:ls] 74.fierce[fiәs]75.figure[…figә] 76.finger[…fiηgә] 77.food[f u:d] 78.fool[fu:l]79.fortnight[…fɔ:tnait]80.fortunate[…fɔ: t∫әnit]81.fountain[…fauntin] 82.frighten[…fraitn] 83.garage[…gæra:3] 84.gay[gei] 85.height[hait] 86.houses[hauziz] 87.human[…hju:mәn]88.include[in‟klu:d] 89.industry[…indәstri]90.iron[aiәn] 91.juice[d3u:s] 92.kindergarten[…kindәga:tn]ugh[la:f] y[lei] 95.length[leηθ]96.librarian[lai‟brεәriәn] 97.lively[…laivli] 98.loaf[lәuf]99.magazine[,mægә‟zi:n]100.majority[mә‟d3ɔriti] 101.Marxism[…ma:kszәm]102.merchant[…mә: t∫әnt]103.navy[…neivi] 104.niece[ni:s] 105.noon[nu:n]106.occur[ә‟k ә:]107.official[ә‟fi∫әl] anize[…ɔ:gәnaiz] 109.ought[ɔ:t]110.owe[әu] 111.palace[…pælis] 112.pear[pεә]113.plough[plau] 114.poem[…pәuim] 115.pollution[pә‟lu:∫әn]116.possession[pә‟ze∫әn] 117.precious[pre∫әs]118.pretty[…priti] 119.pronounce[prә‟nauns]120.pronunciation[prә,nΛsi‟ei∫әn] 121.roof[ru:f]122.room[ru:m] 123.row[rәu] 124.salt[sɔ:lt]125.sandwich[…sænwi t∫] 126.scene[si:n] 127.sew[sәu]128.strength[streηθ]129.stomach[stΛmәk] 130.temperature[…tempri t∫ә]131.too[tu:] 132.umbrella[Λm‟brelә] 133.unless[әn‟les]134.until[ әn‟til] 135.walk[wɔ:k] 136.Wednesday[…wenzdi]137.would[wud]138.wound[wu:nd] 139.wood[wud] 140.wool[wul]【注意长短音的变化】【ɔ音归纳】wallet, wander, want, watch, what, quality,quantity, quarrel, upon, wrong, song, sorrow, foreign, dollar,cloth, borrow, forehead, tomorrow, common, cost, province,model, modern, cough, honour, probably, promise, forest,beyond, modest, stocking【:音归纳】water, airport, autumn, broad, floor, hawk, salt,fought, warn, warm, broadcast, draw, astronaut【i音归纳】manage, village, language, courage, necklace,message, comrade, palace, fortunately, surface, savage,temperature【i：音归纳】between, ceiling, complete, magazine,machine, fever, evening, secret, recent, recycle, policeman,field, beast, frequently, please, receive, achieve, European,eve【u音归纳】(1)book, look, cook, took, shook, good,childhood, wood, foot, stood, understood,(2)full, push, bush, pull, sugar, wolf, bullet, should【u：音归纳】(1)cool, food fool, school, room, tooth,smooth, loose, pool, moon, choose, balloon(2)blue, fruit, conclude, improve, truth, tomb, shoe, salute,truly, rule, rude, route【ә音归纳】particularly, concert, comfort, grammar,surprise, forward, permit, perhaps, material, memory,honour, labour, Asia, possible, moustache, forget, anxious,failure, forever, thorough, restaurant, dollar, information,salute, develop, energy, success,majority, soldier, famous, support, model, agriculture,patient, popular【ә：音归纳】(1) circle, church, fur, journey, search,perfectly, person, refer, burst, curtain, earth, iceberg(2) word, worm, world, work, worth, worse, worship, worst二、较难拼写的单词1.advantage2.adventure3.agriculture4.although5.announce-announcement6.apologize7.assistant8.astonish9.attempt 10.attention 11.Australian12.autumn 13. average 14.baggage-luggage15.biscuit 16.blanket 17.broadcast18. bucket 19.butcher 20.Canadian21.chemistry 22.chimney panionmunism-communist 25. companypare 27.congratulation position29.conductor 30.construction 31.continent32.convenient-convenience 33.cupboard34.cushion 35.curious 36.dangerous37.delicious 38.description 39.determination40.diologue 41.diamond 42.dictation43.dictionary 44.difference 45.difficulty46.disappointment 47.discussion cation49.electric-electricity 50.encouragement51.engineer 52.entrance 53.especially54. European 55.examination 56.excellent57.expensive 58.experience 59.experiment60.explanation 61.expression 62.extremely63.familiar 64.favourite 65.February66.fortunately 67.fountain 68.frighten69.frequently 70.furniture 71.garage72.generation 73.general 74.geographyernment 76.gradually 77.graduate78.grammar 79.handkerchief 80.handsome81.headache 82.honest 83.honour84.immediate 85.importance 86.impossiblermation 88.institute 89.instruction90.international 91.interrupt 92.introduce93.invitation 94.jacket 95.January96.journey 97.kindergarten 98.kilometer99.kitchen 100.knowledge nguage102.league 103.lecture 104.length105.librarian 106.loaf 107.magazine108.majority 109. mathematics 110.marriage111.merchant 112.minister 113.monitor114.mountainous 115.museum 116.nationality117.November 118.nowadays119.object 120.official 121.operation122.opposite aniz(s)e 124.ordinary125.otherwise 126.particular 127.passage128.passenger 129.patient 130.persuade131.personal 132.picnic 133.pleasant134.pleasure 135.pollution 136.population137.possession 138.practical 139.precious140.probably141.production 142.pronounce 143.pump144.pronunciation. 145.purpose146.quantity 147.realis(z)e 148.recognize149.restaurant 150.revolution 151.rubbish152.sandwich 153.satisfaction 154.Saturday155.scientific 156.secretary 157.sentence158.September 159.shoulder 160.similar161.situation 162.slightly163.socialism-socialist 164.society 165.southern166.splendid 167.standard 168.stomach169.straight 170. strength 171.struggle172.suddenly 173.terrible174.technical-technique 175. thousand176.temperature 177.tomato 178.tractor179.translate 180.umbrella181.understand 182.universe 183.universityually 185.vacation186.valuable 187.variety 188.vegetable189.voyage 190.whisper191.Wednesday 192.wonderful三、可以具体化的抽象名词1.manner态度—manners 礼貌2.interest兴趣—interests利益3.good益处---goods 货物4.force力量—forces军队5.beauty美丽---a beauty一个美人（美物）6.difficulty困难—a difficulty难事7.character性格—a Chinese character汉字8.experience经验----an experience经历9.exercise锻炼、运动—exercises体操、练习第 1 页共 6 页10.failure失败—a failure 失败的人或事11.friendship友谊—a friendship一段友情12.pleasure乐趣—a pleasure一件乐事13.spirit精神—in high spirits情绪高14.surprise惊奇---a surprise一件奇事15.success成功---a success 一个成功的人或事16.relation关系---a relation 亲戚17.youth青春---a youth一个青年人18.time时间---times时代、次数、倍数四、可以变成可数名词的物质名词1.chalk粉笔---some coloured chalks2.chicken鸡肉---chickens小鸡3.glass玻璃—a glass一个玻璃杯4. hair头发---several hairs 几根头发5.light光—lights灯6.fish鱼肉---fishes几种鱼7.fruit水果—fruits几种水果8.food食物—foods几种食物9.iron铁—an iron一个熨斗10.sand沙子—sands沙滩11.paper纸—papers报纸、考卷、论文12.water水---waters海（江、河）水13.wood木头—woods 树林14.work-工作--works 工厂、著作、工艺品15.silk丝—silks丝织品16.cloth布---clothes 衣服17.tea茶—teas几种茶18.green绿色—greens青菜五、形容词和副词词义有区别的词1.loud出声地---loudly吵闹地2.close接近地—closely仔细te迟---lately最近4.wide广阔的---widely广泛地5.sharp正，指时刻—sharply锐利地6.hard努力地---hardly几乎不7.free免费—freely自由地8.high表空间---highly表程度9.deep表深度---deeply表程度六、常考的动词总结（完形高频词汇）advise vt.She advised me to wear my best clothes.We are to advise you that the matter is under consideration. We wish to advise you that you now owe the bank $500. Be advised!（接受意见吧!）advice n.劝告a piece of advice give sb advicetake one's advice That's my advice to you.On his advice I am staying in bed.suggest vt.I suggested that it would be quicker to travel by train.“I suggest,” said the inspector, “that you are not telling thetruth.”"I suggest that you did not catch the 8 o'clock train, but thatyou caught the 8.25 train.""When I suggested that some villagers must have come infor a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head."afford1.有足够的（金钱、时间）做（常与can、could、be ableto连用；多用于否定句、疑问句）。
牛津高中英语模块二第二单元重点单词精讲
模块二第二单元重点单词精讲①n.冒险活动; 冒险经历; 奇遇All the children listened to his adventures with eager attention.孩子们注意力十分集中地听他讲他的冒险经历。
②冒险, 刺激The trip to Afghanistan was an adventure for Helen.到阿富汗旅行对海伦来说是一次冒险的经历。
③vt. & vi.冒险It is foolish to haphazardly adventure.随便冒险是愚蠢的。
Those explorers gallantly adventured on unknown seas.那些探险家们大胆地在陌生的海域探险。
相关短语：at all adventure(s) 胡乱地; 不顾一切地put in adventure 使遭受危险, 使冒风险① vt. & vi.安排; 准备I'll arrange somehow.我总会设法去办的。
Everything has been arranged satisfactorily.一切都得到了令人满意的安排。
②vt.整理; 布置He began to arrange the flowers in the vase.他开始把花瓶内的花摆好。
相关短语：①arrange for 安排, 准备②arrange with sb. about sth. 与某人商定某事①adj.非常奇怪的What an extraordinary hat!多么奇特的帽子呀！It is very extraordinary that I should meet him here.很奇怪, 我在这儿碰上他了。
②非同寻常的, 特别的A trunk is extraordinary long! 象的鼻子特别的长！Her strength of will was extraordinary. 她的意志力是非凡的。
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇精讲
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇精讲高中英语是学生学习英语的重要阶段，掌握好语法与词汇的使用对于提升学生英语能力至关重要。
苏教版高一必修一教材中的语法与词汇内容丰富，旨在帮助学生系统地学习和巩固所学的语法知识和词汇量，以提升学生的语言运用能力。
本文将对教材中的语法与词汇进行精讲，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握。
第一单元语法与词汇精讲1. 词汇部分本单元主要涉及到一些常用的英语词汇，如job, profession, career等。
其中，job是指一个人按时工作赚钱的方式，而profession则更强调专业技能的学习和应用；career则更加关注一个人在某个领域的长期发展。
学生可以通过相关的词汇练习来记忆和理解这些词汇，如填词、翻译句子等。
2. 语法部分本单元主要涉及到以下几个语法知识点：时态、虚拟语气和非谓语动词。
2.1 时态在英语中，时态的使用对于表达动作发生的时间关系十分重要。
本单元中，学生需要掌握一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的使用。
一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作，一般将来时表示将来某个时间会发生的动作。
通过指导学生做一些与时态相关的练习，比如填空或者改写句子，可以帮助他们掌握好这些时态的用法。
2.2 虚拟语气虚拟语气在英语中常用于表示假设、愿望、建议等。
本单元中，学生需要掌握三种常见的虚拟语气形式：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气以及与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。
在练习中，可以引导学生使用虚拟语气来表达自己的想法、愿望或者建议，逐步熟悉虚拟语气的使用方式。
2.3 非谓语动词非谓语动词是指不具备人称和数的形式，也不能单独作句子的谓语的动词形式。
本单元中，学生需要掌握不定式、动名词和分词的用法。
通过一些练习，比如句子改写或者短文填空，可以帮助学生灵活运用非谓语动词。
第二单元语法与词汇精讲1. 词汇部分本单元主要涉及到一些与家庭和社会生活相关的词汇，如parents, generation, community等。
Unit5重点词汇精讲讲义-高中英语人教版选择性
Unit5重点词汇精讲●Drama n.剧本，戏剧；戏剧研究，戏剧艺术同根词：adj.dramatic戏剧的；引人注目的；激动人心的adv.dramatically戏剧地；引人注目地n.dramatization编剧；改编成戏剧dramatics演剧活动；演剧技术；业余演戏；戏剧性行为近义词：stage/theater/scenario词组/搭配：tv drama电视剧modern drama话剧drama club戏剧学会dance drama. 舞蹈剧drama queen戏剧女皇；喜欢小题大做的人drama school. 戏剧学校，戏剧专科学校song and dance drama歌舞剧music drama音乐戏剧●Literary adj.文学的，文学上的；书面的；爱好文学的，同根词：adj.literate受过教育的；精通文学的n.literature文学；文献；文艺；著作literacy读写能力；精通文学literate学者近义词：written词组/搭配：literary criticism. 文艺评论literary style文言体；文艺语体literary work. 文学作品；手笔literary language文学语言；标准语literary talent文才；文学天赋literary quotation典故literary agent文稿代理人；作者对外事务代理人●Mood n.心境，情绪；气氛，情感基调；心情不好，坏脾气近义词：emotion/atmosphere/tone/spirit/feeling词组/搭配：bad mood坏心情，坏情绪in the mood兴致勃勃in a good mood心情好，好心情in a bad mood心情不好；处在不好的情绪中happy mood快乐心情in no mood没有心情subjunctive mood虚拟语气；假定式in bad mood心情不好mood disorder心境障碍；情绪病imperative mood祈使语气；命令语气；祈使式general mood of society社会风气holiday mood假期心情●Format n.总体安排，计划，设计；/ v.为……编排格式；格式化同根词：adj.formative形成的；造型的；格式化的formalized形式化的；正式的n.formative构词要素formatting格式化formalization形式化；礼仪化词组/搭配：file format[计]文件格式data format数据格式standard format标准格式；标准书型output format[计]输出格式digital format数位格式image format图像格式；影像格式document format. 文档格式report format报表格式format string格式字符串message format消息格式；报文格式storage format存储格式general format. 通用格式；一般格式time format. 时间格式compressed format. 压缩格式binary format二进形式，二进制格式fixed format固定格式record format记录格式word format字格式date format. 日期格式picture format[计]图片格式●Delicate adj.柔和的，清淡的；虚弱的，纤弱的；脆弱的，易碎的；同根词：adj.delicious美味的；可口的adv.delicately微妙地；精致地；优美地n.delicacy微妙；精密近义词：subtle/female/refined/fine/fragile词组/搭配：delicate balance微妙的平衡●Civilian adj.平民的，民用的/n.平民，百姓近义词：populace/common man词组/搭配：civilian use民用civilian casualties平民伤亡；平民死伤；民众伤亡civilian population平民；平均人口transferred to civilian work转业civilian construction民用建筑civilian worker民工；农民工●Innocent adj.天真的，幼稚的；清白的，无罪的；/n.天真无邪的人，幼稚的人；同根词：adv.innocently纯洁地；无罪地n.innocence清白，无罪；天真无邪innocency天真行为；无罪近义词：simple/turkey/put词组/搭配：innocent of无罪的，清白的innocent blood无辜人的血；无辜之血；不死的传说（美国恐怖戏剧爱情片）innocent party无过失之一方；无辜的一方●Correspond v.类似于，相当于；通信；相一致，符合同根词：adj.corresponding相当的，相应的；一致的；通信的adv.correspondingly相应地，相对地n.correspondence通信；一致；相当correspondent通讯记者；客户；通信者；代理商行近义词：cotton/identify/square/accord/meet with词组/搭配：correspond with符合，一致；与……通信correspond to reality符合实际correspond with sb通信; 和某人通信; 与某人通信●Racial adj.种族关系的，种族之间的；人种的，种族的同根词：adv.racially人种上；按人种n.racist种族主义者racism种族主义，种族歧视；人种偏见racialism种族主义；种族歧视；人种偏见racialist种族主义者近义词：ethnic/tribal词组/搭配：racial discrimination种族歧视racial prejudice种族偏见racial segregation种族隔离racial hatred种族仇恨racial equality种族平等racial profiling种族定性；种族轮廓racial conflict种族冲突racial group种族群体；种族团体racial identity种族认同Prejudice n.偏见，成见，歧视；/v.使有偏见，使有成见；同根词：adj.prejudiced怀偏见的；有成见的；偏颇的prejudicial不利的；有害的；引起偏见的近义词：violation/bias词组/搭配：without prejudice无偏见pride and prejudice《傲慢与偏见》prejudice against. 对……的偏见to the prejudice of有利于，有损于racial prejudice种族偏见。
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高中英语重点词汇精讲abandon: vt.放弃，遗弃abandon medicine for literature 弃医从文；desert:遗弃，抛弃on a deserted island.ability: n 能力，才能：have the ability to do…=be capable of doing…有能力做……able: adj.有能力的：an able leader; be able to与can的区别：can只有现在(can)和过去(could)两种形式，而be able to可有各种时态。
（详见情态动词）。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone ______get out.A . could B. was able to C. can D. must (B)aboard: adv./prep在船（飞机，车）上. Aboard=on board; All aboard!请上船；开船啦。
Welcome aboard!请上船（飞机，车）about: prêt./adv.在周围，在身边；关于(on更严肃，正式)；大约：be about to do... (=be at/on the point of doing...)即将做。
后不能接soon, at once等时间状语；How about +doing/名词/代词/句子等...=What about..做......好吗？①I have no money about me. ②Have you heard of the story about Shakespeare?about two yeas=two years pr so =some two yearsAll the mariners ____died except the one who shot the bird left to tell his story to others, which was described in the poem called “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.”A. on a boardB. on aboardC. on boardsD. aboardabroad: adv. be (go/live/travel) abroad; come (return ) from abroad; both at home and abroad在国内外；be all abroad离题，不中肯absence: n. absent: adj. 不在，缺席；不在意的：He will be absent at the meeting from Beijing.（不在北京）He will be absent at the meeting in Beijing.（外出在北京）Absence of mind心不在焉；反义词：present出席的，在场的，用法和absent一样，但作定语要后置(n.礼物，at present 目前) _______got a present at the party. (A)A. All presentB. Present allC. All presentingabsorb: vt.吸收（声音，光线，液体等），吸收，理解（知识等）；Be absorbed in全神贯注于。
I was absorbed in a book and didn’t hear you call.academic:学院的，学校的，学业的。
academic levels/challenges:学业水平/学习中的挑战。
accident: 意外;incident:小事件，政治事变或事件by accident=by chance偶然accept:承认，接受（主观），receive: 收到（表客观），accept A as B 承认 A 是B, He was accepted as an excellent teacher at last.Yesterday he did _______an invitation, but he refused to _____it . (B 、A)A. acceptB. receiveaccess: 进入，接近(to), have access to: 有权进入….,能够使用到…. accessible adj. 可以使用（或得到）的。
能进入的。
Sth .be accessable to sb. 某人容易使用到…account: account for…解释，描述。
On account of…因为… take account of…考虑到…。
accuse;指控,指责。
Accuse sb. Of sth…指控某人犯…；be accused of…被指控犯…。
achieve:①完成,取得,达到achieve one’s work/success/one’s goal;achieve the goal of doing…达到….. 目标。
○2achievements:成就，成绩He achieved/gained great/brilliant achievements in writing novels.acquire:学习（一般指天生的习得）；而learn指课堂学习。
English acquired ability.across:①横穿而过（从物体表面）；through:穿过（从物件内部）；over:跨过（从物体上方）；past:经过（从物件旁边）；along:经过（从物体边沿）He went ______the river and didn’t find a boat to go _____ it.A. over, acrossB. along, acrossC. along, overD. past, throughact: ①vi.行为，演出，Vt.担当，演……角色(=play the part of) n.法令,条例act as=work as=serve as担当,充当Who will _____Shakespeare in the film? A. act B. act as C. play a part pf (A)①action. n.行为,行动,措施take actions 采取行动, take measures 采取措施active: adj.积极的,活跃的take(an) active part in积极参加……, be active in sth./doing sth.在……方面很积极。
live/lead an active life过着活跃的生活。
actual:①现实的，实际的（现实存在，不是想象中的）；real:真实的（不是假的）rue:真实的（不是in actual life, a real gold ring, a true story ②actually: adv.实际上，确实=in fact/in reality/ as a matter of fact =reallyadapt:（使适应。
dapt (oneself) to…（使适应.. adapt A for B:把A改编/改写/改造成adapt from…根据……改编。
add: ①vt.加add… to…把……加到……上Two _____to three makes five. A. added B. adding C. is added D. being added (A)②add to增加, (=increase) The bad weather added to our difficulties.③add up把加Please add up all the figures.④add up to合计为=come to =amount toaddict: vt.使……沉溺, be/ get addicted to对……上瘾The young man gets addicted to drugs.address: ①n 地址② v 寄.=post he addressed a letter to me.adjust: adjust (oneself)to …使自己适宜于……；adapt to适应于=agree withadmire: admire sb. For (doing) sth. 因……而钦佩某人;envy: 妒忌,羡慕envy sb. sth.admit: ①vi/vt. admit(to) sth. 承认……admission n. ②让……进入,接纳admit ab. to/int o…允许某人进入……be admitted to school/ hospital,允许进入……, ③admit doing sth.允许做……承认做……④admit+从句⑤admtt of…=allow of…容许有……The matter admits of no delay. 容纳=hold=seat The room can admit 200 persons.adopt: 采纳,接受(=accept), 收养。
adopt one’s suggestion.advance: advance towards a place:向……前进advance in sth.在……方面有增长; advance to a place: 到达……;advance on/upon…逼近,进攻; in advance:提前=ahead of time; inadvance of…在……之前,比……前进。
Advancing=developing: 发展中的，advanced:发达的，高级的，进步的。
advantage: 优点，好处take advantage of…利用……=make use of; have/ take an advantage over others 对……有优势。
disadvantage: 不足,可数名词。
advice: ①忠告，劝告（不可数），tip:劝告，可数，a piece of advice一条劝告，give sb. some advice on( how to do) sth就……给某人提建议, take/follow one’s advice 采纳某人的建议, ask (sb.) for advice 征询某人的建议, do sth. on one’s advice按某人的建议做……②advise: v.(BE)=advice v.(AE) advise sb. to do sth. 劝某人做……, advise sb. not to dosth=advise sb. against doing sth.劝/建议某人不要做……, advise doing sth. 建议做……;但suggest可用suggest: (one’s/sb.) doing sth,不用suggest sb. to do sth.I ____the lady go there at once. A. suggested B. advised C. hoped D. wished (A) affair:泛指“事务,事情,事件”, affairs:表重大“事务或事态”;event:指有重大意义的历史事件;business:生意,公事on/in business, go into business; matter问题Business before pleasure. There are several matters to be dealt with at the meeting.affect :vt. 影响effevt n. have an effect on…=affect…对…有影响.have no/much/great/little…effect on/upon 对什么没有/有很大/重大/很小,几乎没有影响. effective adj.有效的afford: ①负担起(……的费用)可接名词,代词或to do……,常与can. could, be able to连用于否定句或问句中.his poor family can’t afford his education. I can’t afford to buy a car at present.②抽得出时间=spare但spare 可spare sb. +时间He can’t afford time for the cinema. Ican spare you two hours.我能为你抽出两个小时. ③提供afford sb. sth. = offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb. =supply sth to/for sb./supply sb. With sth.=provide sb. With sth./providesth for/to sb. Failure afford us experience.afraid: be afraid to do…害怕做……,be afraid of (doing) sth.担心做……be afraid+ 句子,be afraid not/so恐怕不行/恐怕如此(对句子的省略回答). I don’t want to be a waitress becauseI’m afraid ____ dishes frequently. A. on breaking B. to break (A)after: ①表过去一段时间以后或将来某个时刻以后,反义词是before 指从过去算起时间以前或将来某个时刻以前;而指将来一段时间以后,反义词是ago指从现在算起一段里头以前. ②after all毕竟,终究, above all首先,最重要的是(作入语),指重要性;first of all 首先,最重要的是, 指顺序或重要性, in all = in total= altogether总共,at all根本. we can’t blame him for what he did; ____ he is a child. A. at allB. in allC. after allD. above all (C)agree: ①agree to sth. 同意, 成(plan/arrangeme nt/suggestion/…②agree woth sb.(或decision, view, opinion,或某人的话)同意, 成; 与……一致,适合(天气,食物等)he moved tobiijing because he ____ the weather here. (A) A. didn’t agree with B.wasn’t suitable for C. wasn’t fit for D. didn’t agree to ③ agree to do sth.同意,成做……④agree on sth.在…….取得一致⑤agree+句子,同意……⑥反义词:disagree,名词:agreement:契约,协议reach/come to/ arrive at/make an agreementwith…on sth. 与……就…….达成协议.aid: do/ give/ offer first aid to sb =do/give/ offer sb. first aid对某人进行急救; go 援救某人aim: n./v.目标,目的,瞄准take aim at…=aim at…瞄准……目的在于…… aim sth at sth用什么瞄准什么东西, aim your gun at…., 用枪瞄准……aim…at…旨在…; aim to do sth 目的在于做…china has long been a leader in the field of genetic research ____ atimporoving agriculture. A. aimed B. aiming C. to aim (A) he has aimed at entering a key university.air : ①in the air在空中,在流传, 悬而未决; on the air在广播中; by air乘飞机等(=by plane)l in the open air在野外② vt.使通风,晾干air your clothesall: all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, complete, completely, always, whole, wholly, entirely, altogether等是总括含义代词形容词和副词等,与否定词not 连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都,并非都”.而全否定要用no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, noone, nowhere, no more, no long, no way等,表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”.allow : ①allow doing…允许做….. ② allow sb. to do….允许某人做Students aren’t allowed ____in school. A. to smoke B. smoking (A)③ allow for…考虑到，体谅，顾及。