【高血压英文PPT精品课件】Hypertension (HT) -High Blood Pressure (HBP)_
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slide 14
Fra Baidu bibliotek
slide 15
slide 16
slide 17
The Keith-Wagner Criteria (change in retina)
KW I: Minimal arteriolar narrowing, irregularity of the lumen, and increased light reflex
Category Normal High normal Hypertension
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Systolic HBP
SBP (mmHg)
< 120 120-139 ≥140 140-159 160-179 ≥180 ≥140
DBP (mmHg)
< 80 80-89 ≥90 90-99 100-109 ≥110 < 90
The pathological changes of small artery
slide 6
The pathological change of the Heart Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
Heart failure
Coronary artery atherosclerosis Myocardial infarction
• Symptoms:
Always asymptomatic Symptoms often attributed to hypertension:
headache, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting
slide 10
Clinical Features
• Complications of Hypertension Heart: LVH, CHD,HF Brain: TIA, Stroke Renal: Microalbuminuria, renal dysfunction Ratinopathy
slide 7
Pathological change of the Brain
Stroke: Ischemic stroke Hemorrhagic stoke
Arterial Aneurysm
slide 8
Pathological change of Renal
Hypertension induced nephrosclerosis, atrophy of renal cortex
【高血压英文PPT精品课件】Hypertension (HT) -High Blood Pressure (HBP)
slide 1
slide 2
slide 3
Pathogenesis
1. High activity of the SNS (Sympathetic Nervous System)
2. RAAS (Renin-Angiotension Aldosterone System)
3. Renal Sodium Handling 4. Vascular Remodelling 5. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction 6. Insulin Resistance
slide 4
KW IV: Any of the above with addition of papilledema
slide 18
Pepilledema
Flame shaped hemorrhage
slide 19
Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis
slide 20
Classification of blood pressure for adult
slide 11
Laboratory Examination
• Blood pressure measurement: Clinic Blood Pressure Home Blood Pressure Ambulatory monitoring
slide 12
Ambulatory Measurement
When the SBP and DBP fall into different categories, use the higher category
• Ambulatory readings are usually lower than in clinic (hypertension is defined as > 135/85 mm Hg)
slide 13
Laboratory Examination
• Urinalysis • Blood examination • Chest X Ray • EKG • UCG (Ultrasound cardiography) • Retina examination
• Ambulatory monitoring can provide:
– readings throughout day during usual activities – readings during sleep to assess nocturnal changes – measures of SBP and DBP load – Exclude white coat or office hypertension
slide 9
Clinical Features
• The blood pressure varies widely over time, depending on many variables, including SNS activity, posture, state of hydration, and skeletal muscle tone.
KW II: More marked narrowing and irregularity with arteriovenous nicking (crossing defects)
KW III: Flame-shaped hemorrhages and exudates in addition to above arteriolar changes
Fra Baidu bibliotek
slide 15
slide 16
slide 17
The Keith-Wagner Criteria (change in retina)
KW I: Minimal arteriolar narrowing, irregularity of the lumen, and increased light reflex
Category Normal High normal Hypertension
Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3
Systolic HBP
SBP (mmHg)
< 120 120-139 ≥140 140-159 160-179 ≥180 ≥140
DBP (mmHg)
< 80 80-89 ≥90 90-99 100-109 ≥110 < 90
The pathological changes of small artery
slide 6
The pathological change of the Heart Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH)
Heart failure
Coronary artery atherosclerosis Myocardial infarction
• Symptoms:
Always asymptomatic Symptoms often attributed to hypertension:
headache, tinnitus, dizziness, fainting
slide 10
Clinical Features
• Complications of Hypertension Heart: LVH, CHD,HF Brain: TIA, Stroke Renal: Microalbuminuria, renal dysfunction Ratinopathy
slide 7
Pathological change of the Brain
Stroke: Ischemic stroke Hemorrhagic stoke
Arterial Aneurysm
slide 8
Pathological change of Renal
Hypertension induced nephrosclerosis, atrophy of renal cortex
【高血压英文PPT精品课件】Hypertension (HT) -High Blood Pressure (HBP)
slide 1
slide 2
slide 3
Pathogenesis
1. High activity of the SNS (Sympathetic Nervous System)
2. RAAS (Renin-Angiotension Aldosterone System)
3. Renal Sodium Handling 4. Vascular Remodelling 5. Endothelial Cell Dysfunction 6. Insulin Resistance
slide 4
KW IV: Any of the above with addition of papilledema
slide 18
Pepilledema
Flame shaped hemorrhage
slide 19
Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis
slide 20
Classification of blood pressure for adult
slide 11
Laboratory Examination
• Blood pressure measurement: Clinic Blood Pressure Home Blood Pressure Ambulatory monitoring
slide 12
Ambulatory Measurement
When the SBP and DBP fall into different categories, use the higher category
• Ambulatory readings are usually lower than in clinic (hypertension is defined as > 135/85 mm Hg)
slide 13
Laboratory Examination
• Urinalysis • Blood examination • Chest X Ray • EKG • UCG (Ultrasound cardiography) • Retina examination
• Ambulatory monitoring can provide:
– readings throughout day during usual activities – readings during sleep to assess nocturnal changes – measures of SBP and DBP load – Exclude white coat or office hypertension
slide 9
Clinical Features
• The blood pressure varies widely over time, depending on many variables, including SNS activity, posture, state of hydration, and skeletal muscle tone.
KW II: More marked narrowing and irregularity with arteriovenous nicking (crossing defects)
KW III: Flame-shaped hemorrhages and exudates in addition to above arteriolar changes