水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇
strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样
stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线
state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station
其他（Others）系
survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartment
traverse(polygon) 导线（测dense mix 浓浆量）、横断
error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起
lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout hole
long side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线
open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线
short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔
traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacing
traverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量（）triangulation 测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）三角测量
triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差
triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration
程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure）角度测量（compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点
器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubble
datum 基础面轴视准collimation axis
点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)
偏差depression angle 俯角deviation
easily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别
eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulation
geodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle
量合联测）mark 标志（明joint survey
已知点known point 物镜objective lens
面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)
局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axis
tripod 三脚架置位、定位position
踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle
参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜（）1
centering 对中reduced level 归化高差
run back 返测盘左face left
run out 往测face right 盘右
three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量
地形测量（T opographic Survey focusing 调焦）
boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差
inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩
contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距
contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学
垂准器等高线延长法optical plummet
contour line 等高线round 测回
control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站
draw 绘图距离测量（Distance Measure）
field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线
form line 地形图电battery 池
EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网
information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距
marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、
large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束
latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、
legend 图例long range 远程
location 定线、程medium range 中定位
longitude 经short range 短程度
longitude line 测距仪经线range finder
map signal 地图、制图信号
mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描
match line 拼接线卷尺tape
monument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱
object 高程测量（Height Measurement地物、目标）
plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevation
plot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、
profile 断面（图）、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪
difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料
setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器
site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stake
out 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩
symbol 仪（测点）准水level 符号、记号
topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe
◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentation
and Facilities）国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂
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Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计
damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻
double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护
forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘
instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meter invar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线
metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器
regulator 调节器水听器hydrophone
riser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计
spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴
steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座
tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometer
tensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点
thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻
tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线
安装过程（Procession of Installation）plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed
安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计
绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计
维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenance
spiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor
测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation
归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismogragh
surface monument 表密封seal 面标点
拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice
提供终端房terminal house supply
terminal station 终端站测试test
Information资料（倾角tilt meter 计）简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate
书说计velometer 流速使用明description
vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline
书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle 作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zero
stress-strain meter 其他（Others）计砼无应力间）Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件（行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3
cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录data
recording
grade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record 标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量
degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的
dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝
flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验
flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed
hydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete）initial set Aggregate）初凝骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量
setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉
soundness 水泥的安定性分率
specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积
specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热
water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比
外加剂（Admixture）视密度apparent density
bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力
chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softening
contract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率
dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数
dispersing ability of water
exceeding and inferior grain in
-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力
loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulus
sulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place rate
solid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量
surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力
water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size
水（Water）量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含
alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica content
calcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)
carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量
chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子
equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度
oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量
normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液
PH value PH坚固性值soundness
water analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析
砼（水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete）
砼拌和物（水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious ）material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度
bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期
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cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）
cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性
cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion of
mixture) 砼配合砂浆
epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比
lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆
土（Soil强度保证率）
accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of water
activity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of friction
water-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿）硬化砼（太堡界限（界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度）
California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivity
coarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土
coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concrete coefficient of cubical
徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )
compressibility 体积压缩系数形
coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数
compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环
compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数
compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concrete
consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数
consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验自振频率natural frequency consolidation 固结permeate 渗透
consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数
consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号
consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequency
core cutter method sample 试环刀法件
creep curve self-grown volume deformation（砼）蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降（临界坡降）
Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strength
degree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivity direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warming
distribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土
effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rate effective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线
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expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验
variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specific
expansion) 膨胀率
void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)
water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土
wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网
其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降
钢筋（steel hydrometer method 比重计法）
bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head method
cold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态
elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化
nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率
relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验
steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法
tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆
ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-
Wood）准则木材（curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管grain
crushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure
空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grain
principal stress 主）沥青（应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test 相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion test
sand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration test saturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point test
test of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形）质量管理（
average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviation
coefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)
断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation
土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distribution
unconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质
quality examination
unconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6
relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕
rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向
dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysis
angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱
技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜
syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差
Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程
dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)
软弱岩层
zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic
affected zone Ages）影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）
fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem)
fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界））岩石类型（Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）
岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪（系）Cambrian period (system)
Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）岩浆岩magmatic rock
火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪（系）Silurian period (system) 侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）
成石碳纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪（系）Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪（系）acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock
基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）第Tertiary period (system) 三纪（系）超基性岩ultrabasic rock 第Quaternary period (system) 四纪（系）花岗岩granite
斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造（）porphyry
rhyolite 玢岩断层fault
syenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge
擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbro
joint 理节玄武岩basalt
primary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplite
secondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite
理层bedding pumice 浮岩）理（叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock
波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7
clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英
topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩
corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩
diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerate。