完形填空解题思路

完形填空解题思路详解

解题思路一：通读全文，了解大意，先易后难。

通常在答题之前, 要花1—2分钟把文章略读一遍,以便对文章有个大概的了解。在详读的过程中，可以边读边选择一些容易的选项, 对个别不理解的单词、短语,可以先不管它们。等读完文章后, 大部分的空格已填完, 全文的意思基本已掌握, 剩下的难题也就比较容易解决了。

解题思路二：依据首句线索，紧扣主题选择。

首句通常是文章的主题句，通常不设空，便于考生对短文主题、内容或背景有个大概了解。它的目的是向考生提供时间、地点、人物、事件、论点等有用的信息。把握了主题句, 对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。

例1：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next﹖

解析：这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热涨冷缩的物理现象有关。

例2：On a hot summer day in last August, I sought shade and a cool drink at a waterfront caféon a Greek island. Over a hundred degrees in ______ air.

A. fresh

B. cool

C. still

D. thin

解析: C。故事发生在一个炎热的夏天, 温度高, 自然没风。still 在此处为形容词, 意思是“静止的, 不动的”, 即没风。

解题思路三：瞻前顾后, 谨慎选择。

有些选择项根据上下句就能比较容易地做出正确判断, 有些则必须根据整篇文章的大意才能推出。通过上下文, 寻找隐含的各种信息和紧抓语境暗示是解答完形填空题的主要手段和策略。

例1：The man stepped ___1___ for the two chairs. He politely ___2___ his lady in the knee - deep water and then sat down himself.

1. A. outside B. forward C. down D. back

2. A. led B. seated C. watched D. received

解析：1. D。根据上下文, 不难看出, 那两口子搬完桌子后, 又回来搬椅子, 即: step back for sth.

2. B。本空后有宾语his lady , 根据后半句“and then sat down himself”, 答案应为seated his lady “让他夫人就坐”。

例2：It was one of the most ______ any tiring games I've ever had.

A. encouraging

B. hopeless

C. surprising

D. regular

解析:Ｃ。看完全文，即可得出“它是一场我曾打过的比赛中最令人意外又最使人疲劳的比赛”。

解题思路四：借助语法知识, 选择正确的答案。

例1：When Ed first phoned and ______ we play, I laughed quietly …

A. declared

B. mentioned

C. persuaded

D. suggested

解析：D。根据学过的语法知识,我们知道主句的谓语动词表示建议的意思时, 宾语从句的谓语要用虚拟语气,即用“( should )+ 动词原形”。题干句中“play”的形式是关键信息。

例2：Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make _______ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

A. that

B. it

C. so

D. this

解析：B。

例3：Finally Peter decided to go to the USA and，as his father had told him，______ to be a doctor.

A. studies

B. studying

C. study

D. studied

解析：C。分析句子结构可知，空白处与前面的动词go为并列动词不定式，均作谓语decided的宾语，故选C。此题若忽略分析句子结构，很容易误选D。此题的难点在于句中有一个插入性质的as引导的从句，将两个不定式分隔开了。从而造成辨认第二个动词不定式的困难。

解题思路五：利用生活常识，文化背景。

例1：One day, the girl ___1___ into the plane, started it and soon left the ___2___.

1. A. climbed B. looked C. reached D. fell

2. A. house B. floor C. water D. ground

解析：1. A。2. D。根据生活常识，这女孩应是先爬进机舱，才能起动飞机，最后使飞机飞离地面。

例2：Immediately the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the ______ hospital.

A. animal

B. biggest

C. plant

D. nearest

解析：D。在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D。例3：Every morning she would give him breakfast in bed and bring him the paper to ______.

A. check

B. read

C. keep

D. sign

解析：B。外国人早上有读报的习惯, 其中paper即为报纸，这是理解本文细节的关键, 有了这些文化背景知识, 可迅速推断出正确答案为B。

解题思路六：采取排除法。

解答完形填空题的过程中，有时我们会遇到这样的情况：对某一题的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明白，但发现其他选项有显而易见的谬误。这时我们可以尝试排除法, 剔除错误的选项。随着选择范围的缩小, 选中正确选项的机会就会增大。

例1：Finally I was ______ by his lively sense of humor.

A. disturbed

B. moved

C. attracted

D. defeated

解析：C。首先根据句子及选项的意义, 可马上排除选项A和D。再根据句子的意思判断, “我被他的幽默感吸引”, 而不是“被感动”。

例2：However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be ___1___ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, ___2___, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, ___3___ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.

3. A. displaying B. describing C. creating D. exchanging

解析：A。第3题的解题步骤为：首先从动宾搭配上看，C选项（创造学生艺术品）可以排除，再从该句的上文看。上文说应该设计竞争性小的活动，所以答案应该是“展示学生艺术作品”。

解题思路七: 找寻固定词组、常用句型或习惯用法。

例1：A waiter appeared. He paused for just a second , walked into the water to ______ the table and ……