美国文学2大纲
《英美文学2》教学大纲
英美文学2、基本信息二、课程描述本课程为英语专业必修课程，是为英语专业高年级学生开设的专业知识课程。
三、教学目标通过本课程的理论教学和相关实验训练，使学生具备如下能力：1、掌握美国文学的发展脉路，了解各横断面上的文学特点及横断面之间的发展过渡。
2、培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力，使学生掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法，并能够独立地对英国文学作品进行分析解读。
3、通过学习美国文学史的发展及各阶段作家作品，促进学生语言基本功，加深学生对社会和人生的理解，提高其批判性思维能力和综合人文素质。
四、课程目标对毕业要求的支撑五、教学内容Introduction （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：课程介绍难点内容：课程教学理念及方法教学内容：课程介绍，教学理念及方法介绍，学期要求等第1章Benjamin Franklin （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：The Autobiography难点内容：The American Dream教学内容：The Author' s life, Work analysis and Contribution第2、7章Edgar Allen Poe （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：To Helen难点内容：Poe' s Aesthetics,Gothic Style教学内容：The Author s life, Work analysis and Contribution第3 章Ralph Waldo Emerson （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：Self-Reliance难点内容：Transcendental ism教学内容：The Author' s life, Work analysis and Contribution第4 章Nathaniel Hawthorne （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：The Scarlet Letter难点内容：Symbolism教学内容：The Poets' life, Work analysis and Contribution第5章Herman Melville （支撑课程目标1、2^ 3）重点内容：Moby Dick难点内容：symbols and Symbol ic meaningsHenry David Thoreau （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容: Walden难点内容: Transcendentali st Ideas教学内容: The poets' life, Work analysis and Contribution第7 章19th-Century American Poets （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：Longfel low, Whitman and Dickinson难点内容:their poems and poetic expressions教学内容：The Poets' life, Work analysis and ContributionMark Twain （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容: the Adventures of Tom Sawyer and the Adventures of Huckle Berry Finn难点内容: Local Colorism教学内容: The Author' s life, Work analysis and ContributionHenry James （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容: the Portrait of a Lady难点内容: International theme教学内容: The Authors life, Work analysis and Contribution第10-13章Stephen Crane, Willa Cather, Sherwood Anderson, Katherine Anne Porter（支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容: their masterpieces难点内容: Naturalism教学内容: The Authors life, Work analysis and Contribution第14 章F Scott Fitzgerald （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容: The Great Gatsby难点内容: Jazz Age第15章William Faulkner （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：Southern Literature难点内容：Stream of Consciousness教学内容：The Author s life, Work analysis and Contribution第16章Ernest Hemingway （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：The Sun Also Rises, Old Man and the Sea难点内容：Code Hero, Lost Generation, Iceberg Theory教学内容：The Author' s life, Work analysis and Contribution第16 章20th-Century American Poets （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：Ezra Pound, William Carlos Williams, Robert Frost, Langston Hughes难点内容：Imagism, Harlem Renaissance教学内容：The Poets' life, Work analysis and Contribution第17-26 章Brief Introduction to some important writers of contemporaryliterature （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：the Writers' masterpieces and contribution难点内容：Theater of the Absurd, Black Humor, Beat Generation教学内容：The Author' s important Works and Contribution六、教学安排该课程每周X学时，X周，X学时为课堂授课教学时间，X学时为课内实验教学时间。
美国文学史Chapter 2
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
--The Declaration of Indepenence
Contents: 1 .the thoughts of democracy and freedom 2. the facts that Britain demolished the human rights 3.the declaration of independence and the pledge to support it Significance: the first time to declare the human right
American Literature
By Xie Lixiang
Chapter 2
• 1.Background • 1.1. American Revolution • 1.1.1. Reasons:the conflicts between America and Britain • America: economic development • Britain : attempt to maintain their control over America • the Stamp Act, • the Quartering Act • the Townshend Acts • 1.1.2 Outbreak: Apil 19,1775 • 1.1.3 Significance: the birth of USA
Chapter 2
2. New Historicism 2.1 Definition: New Historicism is a theory applied to literature that suggests literature must be studied and interpreted within the context of both the history of the author and the history of the critic. 2.2 Aim: to understand the work through its historical context and to understand cultural and intellectual history through literature
美国文学2
Historical Introduction
Culturally, cultural business prospered.
Literary milieu: rise of romanticism
Key features of American Romanticism
Imitative Foreign influences (English and European Romantic movement) Independent 1) Expression of “ a real new experience” 2) American Puritanism (more moralizing) 3) “newness” of American as a nation (40-43)
master of a graceful and unobtrusively sophisticated prose style gentle but effective satirist the creator of a few widely loved essays and tales that have made his name endure.
westward expansion (1760s - 1850s)
Map #1 shows that the settlers had moved into the Appalachian Mountains by the 1760s. Map #2 shows that settlement had reached as far as the Mississippi River by 1783.
He believes in rational methods of detection, and is sent in the farming community of Sleepy Hollow in the upstate of New York to investigate three recent murders. The townspeople know who the culprit is: a long-dead Hessian mercenary nicknamed the Headless Horseman who was killed during the Revolutionary War and buried in the Western Woods.
美国文学-文学诗歌期末考试复习大纲
英美文学（2）复习大纲1. Multiple Choices （30 points）基本的文学史实，包括不同时期文学的特点，主要作家的作品以及写作特点等。
2. Gap Filling (10 points)主要作家的代表作3. Definition of Terms (20 points)ImageryWords or phrases that create pictures, or images, in the reader’s mind.American TranscendentalismAme rican Transcendentalism or “New England Transcendentalism” or “American Renaissance” is more of a tendency, an attitude, than the philosophy of Transcendentalists. To “transcend” something is to rise above it, to pass beyond its limits. The major features of New England Transcendentalism can be summarized as the follows:Firstly, the Transcendentalists placed emphasis on spirits, or the Over soul, as the most import thing in the Universe.Secondly, they stressed the importance of the individual. To them, the individual was the most important element of society.Thirdly, they offered a fresh perception of nature as symbol of the Spirit or God. Nature was, to them, alive, filled with God’s overwhelming presence. Transcendentalism is based on the belie f that the most fundamental truths about life and death can be reached only by going beyond the world of senses.As a philosophical and literary movement, Transcendentalism flourished in New England from 1830s to the Civil War. Its doctrines found their greatest literary advocates in Emerson and Thoreau.Free VerseFree Verse is a verse that has either no metrical pattern or an irregular pattern. Although most free verse belongs to the 19th and 20th centuries, it can be found in earlier literature, particularly in the Psalms of the Bible.NaturalismAn extreme form of realism. Naturalistic writers usually depict the sordid side of life and show characters who are severely, if not hopelessly, limited by their environment or heredity.ImagismIt is an influential literary movement that took place in Europe and America from about 1910 to 1920. The imagist poet creates a single sharp image that evokes an emotional response in the reader. Imagism was in a reaction to the “bad habits” of the 19th century poets who were too explicit in their commentary and too repetitious in their subjects, patterns, and meters.Local ColoristsA group of writers who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of specific regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, the other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. The major local colorists are Hamlin Garland, Mark Twain.Lost GenerationThis term has been used again and again to describe the people of the postwar years. When the First World War broke out, many young men volunteered to take part in “the war to end all wars” only to find that modern warfare was not as glorious or heroic as they thought it to be. Disillusioned and disgusted by the frivolous, greedy, and heedless way of life in America, they began to write and they wrote from their own experience in the war. Among these young writers were the most prominent figures in American literature, especially in modern American literature, for example, Robert Frost, Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, etc. They were basically expatriates who left America and formed a community of writers and artists in Paris, involved with other European novelists and poets in their experimentation on new modes of thought and expression. They were later called by an American writer, Gertrude Stein, also expatriates, “The Lost Generation”.Hemingway HeroesThose protagonists in Hemingway’s fiction, who survive in the process if seeking to master the code known as “grace under pressure” with honesty, the discipline, and the restraint.American Puritanism1. The beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans (most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects)2. Strictness and austerity in conduct and religionAmerican Puritanism was one of the most enduring shaping influences in American thought and American literature. It has become, to some extent, so much a state of mind, rather than a set of tenets, so much a part of the national cultural atmosphere that the Americans breathe. Without some understanding of Puritanism, there can be no real understanding of American culture and literature.The Jazz Agethe era that immediately followed World War I and lasted until the beginning of the Depression, during which jazz increased in popularity. It was a reaction to the austerity and hardship of the war and was characterized by extravagance and hedonism.4. Questions (22 points)Because I could not stop for DeathSong of MyselfThe Road Not TakenPactIn a Station of the Metro5. Topic Discussion(18 points)Summarize the story of Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and comment on the theme of the novel。
美国文学第二章
General Backgrounds
The Great Awakening — Jonathan Edwards
The Enlightenment — Benjamin Franklin
The Great Awakening (1730s—1740s)
A series of religious revivals that swept over the American colonies about the middle of 18th century. It resulted in doctrinal changes and influenced social and political thought. In New England it was started by the rousing preaching of Jonathan Edwards.
＊Returned to Yale, took his M.A and became a tutor
His Life （2）
＊Assistant to minister of the church of Northampton, Massachusetts
＊Be the minister of that church himself ＊Advocated the Great Awakening ＊Left for Stockbridge, Mass. as a pastor ＊Meditated and wrote his greatest
本杰明.富兰克林
His Life His position
His Life （1）
1 Born into a poor candle-maker’s family in 1706 (poor and obscure)
美国文学chapter_2
“Arminian” Theology
As we have seen, one of the “glues” that held American settlers together in the colonial period, was religion. We saw how Christianity knit together the fabric of medieval society and how bitterly it was debated and fought over in 17 th century England. Although there was no such cohesive church-state connection anywhere in British North America (indeed, thousands had fled to the New World to avoid just such a connection) still, religion p r o v i d e d m a n y, e v e n m o s t , Americans with a comprehensive a n d s h a r e d w o r l d - v i e w. In the 1740s, however, there were increasingly bitter arguments over religion. Such arguments, over the respective roles of reason and emotion in religion, were set aside temporarily during the American Revolution, but picked up again in the 1790s. By the early 19th century, religion had been fragmented into scores of different sects and denominations, authority loosened, and individual piety and local autonomy stressed above the leadership of an educated clergy.
美国文学上册2
3)He employed romance because he thought it the predestined form of Am narrative. By the use of romance, he could reveal reality and satirize it but not to offend the Puritan taste. 4) He frequently employed symbols. 5) He employed the technique of multiple view to keep the readers in a world of uncertainty. He gave the readers many ways to interpret the story and then he stopped without telling the reader which one he wanted the reader to choose.
2. content: nature&human beings (individual) • Tone: melancholy (graveyard school) • Religion (not Puritanism) • Classical form • Simple language 3. feature----Poe combines the outside world with the hero’s inner world perfectly. 4. symbolism: • It signifies “the doom of the isolated consciousness”--a modern theme. VI. Two Sides of Poe’s Literary Creation: • the world of imagination and fancy; rational human being, with an intuitive faculty and a sixth sense.
美国文学(一)(二)教学大纲
《美国文学（一）（二）》教学大纲张立新编写英语专业课程教学大纲514 目录前言 (515)一、概述 (515)二、课程教学目的和基本要求 (515)三、课程主要内容及学时分配 (515)Unit One: Early American and Colonial Period to 1776 (518)Unit Two: Democratic Origins and Revolutionary Writers, 1776-1820 (522)Unit Three: The Romantic Period, 1820-1860: Essayists and Poets (524)Unit Four: The Romantic Period, 1820-1860: Fiction (526)Unit Five : The Rise of Realism: 1860-1914 (527)Unit Six: Modernism and Experimentation: 1914-1945 (529)Unit Seven :American Poetry Since 1945: The Anti-Tradition (532)Unit Eight :American Prose Since 1945: Realism and Experimentation (534)Unit Nine: Southern Literature (539)Unit Ten: African American Literature (540)Unit Eleven: Jewish American Literature (541)四、Reference Books (541)美国文学（一）（二）前言一、概述美国是世界上最年轻的国家之一。
在其短暂的历史上，涌现出无数有着深远影响的作家、文学运动或文学派别。
美国文坛，流派众多。
美国文学在短短时间内取得如此重大的成绩，成为学者关注的焦点和引人注目的问题。
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》(第2版)(章节题库 后现代小说)【圣才出品】
第16章后现代小说Ⅰ.Explain the following terms1.Postmodernism（北航2010研）Key:Postmodernism is a disputed term that has occupied much recent debate about contemporary culture since the early1980s.It is said to be a culture of fragmentary sensations,eclectic nostalgia,disposable simulacra,and promiscuous superficiality,in which the traditionally valued qualities of depth, coherence,meaning,originality,and authenticity are evacuated or dissolved amid the random swirl of empty signals.It seems to have no relevance to modern poetry,and little to drama,but is used widely in reference to fiction,notably to the novels(or anti-novels)and stories of Thomas Pynchon,Kurt Vonnegut,Italo Calvino,Vfadimir Nabokov,William S.Burroughs,and Angela Carter.2.MetafictionKey:Metafiction is a literary term popularized by Robert Scholes to describe novels that specifically and self-consciously examine the nature and status of fiction itself and that often contain experiments to test fiction as a form in one way or another.Postmodernist writers tend to apply metafiction in their works,for instance,John Barth’s Lost in the Funhouse and John Fowles’s The French Lieutenant’s Woman.3.Postcolonial literatureKey:①Literature of the settler colony and invade colony.②We use the term post-colonial to cover all the culture affected by the imperial process from the moment of colonization to the present day.③What each of these literatures has in common beyond their special and distinctive regional characteristics is that they emerged in their present form out of the experience of colonization and asserted themselves by foregrounding the tension with the imperial power.4.OrientalismKey:①Orientalism is“a manner of regularized(or orientalized)writing,vision, and study,dominated by imperatives,perspectives,and ideological biases ostensibly suited to the Orient.”②It is the image of the“Orient”expressed as an entire system of thought and scholarship.Ⅱ.Short answer questionsWhat is“hybrid”in postcolonialism?Key:①The term“hybrid”used above refers to the concept of hybridity,an important concept in post-colonial theory,referring to the integration(or,mingling) of cultural signs and practices from the colonizing and the colonized cultures (“integration”may be too orderly a word to represent the variety of stratagems, desperate or cunning or good-willed,by which people adapt themselves to the necessities and the opportunities of more or less oppressive or invasive culturalimpositions,live into alien cultural patterns through their own structures of understanding,thus producing something familiar but new).②The assimilation and adaptation of cultural practices,the cross-fertilization of cultures,can be seen as positive,enriching,and dynamic,as well as oppressive.③“Hybridity”is also a useful concept for helping to break down the false sense that colonized cultures—or colonizing cultures for that matter—are monolithic,or have essential,unchanging features.Ⅲ.Essay questionsHow is the poetry of Postmodernism different from that of Modernism?Key:In terms of the idea of art,in the1890s and the first years of the20th century art and poetry were regarded as the finished products of the creative process, closed in form,with rhymes and stanzas,coherent images and figures,and completed in plot enacted.While art and poetry of Postmodernism are seen as open,on-going,not as the end of thought,but as the process of the mind thinking, stressing motion,created on the impulse of the moment,and not previously well-planned.And there is not much of the finely metered Modernist poem in the new verse that,instead of aiming at an elite readership,endeavors to the common people as much as possible.Thematically,the new poetry normally portrays everyday experiences,events, and emotions.It envisions man as vulnerable and helpless and at the mercy of overwhelming odds.It accepts life for what it is,feeling resigned,painfully aware ofits inability to control and contain life.Instead of trying to“give shape and significance to the immense panorama of futility and anarchy that is contemporaneous history”(as Eliot puts it),the new verse tries to represent life as it is with its strengths and weaknesses,as something inconsistent,ever changing, and never wholly knowable.The poets’job is,seen by some people,to seize the moment and make the best of it for themselves as well as for the world at large.As regards formal considerations,the new verse embraces open form,“the perfect,easy discipline of the swallow’s dip and swoop,without east to west”(as Gary Snyder puts it).It repudiates the Eliotic,New Critical values of impersonality and objectivity as distancing art from life.It refuses to use“persona”as they feel it separates the writers from their readers.In the new verse,there is very often autobiographical;the tone is personal and emotional;the emotions are often intense though qualifies:there is ambivalence and humor amid remorse,disgust of anguish.The diction of the new verse is mostly from daily speech,its style is conversational,colloquial,discursive and meditative,and its mood generally casual and relaxed.It is necessary to note here that contemporary American poetry is not always easy to read.In fact,much of this poetry is very hard to understand.Possible reasons for this may include the private nature of the poet’s thinking and expression,and their self-indulgence encouraged by the postmodern tendency of extreme individualization.。
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》(第2版)(考研真题精选 作品分析)【圣才出品】
四、作品分析Passage1（北二外2017研）Read the following poem and write an essay based on your analysis of the poem. Remember to start your essay with a statement,then support your ideas with-supporting details,and finally come to a conclusion.NatureKey:(1)It is the opening verse of Nature published in1849.This opening verse revealsEmerson’s approach,in both philosophy and his writing,of starring from one point and moving outward.It also introduces many of the themes and images to follow in Nature and throughout his other writings,such as the circle of“chain of countless rings”and“the eye”to represent continuity and vision,the interconnectedness of all things in nature,and humanity as nature’s highest “form.”Nature is,according to biographer Richardson,“a modern version of Plato,and American version of Kant.”(2)As an exhibition of Emerson’s philosophical tenets,Emerson’s sense ofmankind’s destined arrival in the evolutionary process and the affinity of man’s still emerging mind with the laws of universe.The principal motif of thispoem,as previously mentioned,harkens all the way through Nature,which provides the evidence that Emerson’s endorsement of the theory of evolution.Along with other poems,such as“Wealth”,and“Fate”,Emerson expressed his trust in entire universe.As the following text of“nature”has ascribed to the notions mentioned in this poem,such as“an original relation to the universe”,“transparent eye-ball”and a person who striving to be a“great man”.(3)However,the idea of Emerson’s Nature,was criticized as the epitome ofTranscendentalist individualism and self-absorption.Despite such criticisms, both the message of ones with nature and the first-person stream of consciousness style defined a new literary genre as well as a new philosophy and would later be echoed in the works of other writers of the era,such as Emily Dickinson or Walt Whitman.Passage2（南开大学2012研）Questions1to4are based on the several stanzas from Edgar Allen Poe’s poem The Raven.Questions:1.In stanzaⅠ,what is the speaker doing when he first hear the tapping?What does he seek to borrow,’in stanza2?2.What does the speaker say“to still the beating”of his heart?What does the speaker see when he open the door?3.What does the speaker whisper?4.Paraphrase the first five stanzas of the poem.Key:1.He is thinking deeply about some“quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore”weakly and wearily,nodding and nearly napping.He seeks to borrow sorrow from his books,because that his lover dies and he is very sad and painful.2.Because that he is extremely frightened by the knocking,he decides to have a look at the door.He holds his breath and goes to the door.When he opens the door,he sees nothing except the darkness.3.The speaker whispers“Lenore”,which is the name of his deceased lover.4.When I was in deep thought at night,nodding and napping,I heard the knocking at my chamber door.I was frightened by such sound,so I decided to see who it was.And when I opened the door,there was nothing but darkness.In the darkness,I whispered my lover’s name“Lenore”.Passage3（北航2011研）It made me shiver.And I about made up my mind to pray,and see if I couldn’t try to quit being the kind of a boy I was and be better.So I kneeled down.But the words wouldn’t come.Why wouldn’t they?It warn’t no use to try and hide it from Him.Nor from ME,neither.I knowed very well why they wouldn’t come.It was because my heart warn’t right;it was because I warn’t square;it was because I was playing double.I was letting ON to give up sin,but away inside of me I was holding on to the biggest one of all.I was trying to make my mouth SAY I would do the right thing and the clean thing,and go and write to that nigger’s owner and tell where he was;but deep down in me I knowed it was a lie,and He knowed it.You can’t pray a lie—I found that out.So I was full of trouble,full as I could be;and didn’t know what to do.At last I had an idea;and I says,I’ll go and write the letter—and then see if I can pray.Why, it was astonishing,the way I felt as light as a feather right straight off,and my troubles all gone.So I got a piece of paper and a pencil,all glad and excited,and set down and wrote：Miss Watson,your runaway nigger Jim is down here two mile below Pikesville, and Mr Phelps has got him and he will give him up for the reward if you send.HUCK FINN.I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever felt so in my life.and I knowed I could pray now.But I didn’t do it straight off,but laid the paper down and set there thinking—thinking how good it was all this happened so,and how near I come to being lost and going to hell.And went on thinking.And got to thinking over our trip down the river;and I see Jim before me all the time:in the day and in the night-time,sometimes moonlight,sometimes storms,and we a-floating along,talking and singing and laughing.But somehow I couldn’t seem to strike no places to harden me against him,but only the other kind.I’d see him standing my watch on top of his’n,stead of calling me,so I could go on sleeping; and see him how glad he was when I come back out of the fog;and when I come to him again in the swamp,up there where the feud was;and such-like times;and would always call me honey,and pet me and do everything he could think of for me, and how good he always was;and at last I struck the time I saved him by telling the men we had small-pox aboard,and he was so grateful,and said I was the bestfriend old Jim ever had in the world,and the ONLY one he’s got now;and then I happened to look around and see that paper.It was a close place.I took it up,and held it in my hand.I was a-trembling, because I’d got to decide,forever,betwixt two things,and I knowed it.I studied a minute,sort of holding my breath,and then says to myself:“All right,then,I’ll GO to hell”—and tore it up.Questions:a.Identify the author of the work from which the passage is selected.b.Define the literary school/trend to which the author belongs?ment on the selection.Key:a.This passage is selected from The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain.b.Mark Twain belongs to the American Realism and local colorism.By definition, realism is broadly defined as“the faithful representation of reality”or “verisimilitude which is a literary technique practiced by many schools of writing. In American,the term“realism”encompasses the period of time from the Civil War to the turn of the century.Writers like Mark Twain wrote fiction devoted to accurate representation and an exploration of American lives in various contexts. In his works,the detailed representation in prose fiction of the setting,dialect, customs,dress any ways of thinking and feeling which are distinctive of a particular region.。
09版英美文学2教学大纲
《英美文学Ⅱ》课程教学大纲课程代码：先修课程：精读、泛读，语法，写作，英美概况适用专业：英语专业翻译方向开课部门：外语系一、课程的地位、目的和任务本课程面向英语专业本科三，四年级学生，是一门专业必修课。
通过本课程的学习，学生应了解有关美国文学的基本知识，如：美国文学史的不同时期的分化，不同时期的特点，社会历史背景，各时期的代表作家，代表作及其特点，各种批评理论的学派及其在文学欣赏中的运用等。
同时，学习本课程，学生可以增强自己的文学修养，扩展知识面，开阔思维，还能把基础阶段掌握的语法，阅读，分析等技能在本课程中加以运用，达到既巩固又提高的效果。
二、课程与相关课程的联系与分工本课程与精读、泛读、语法，写作，英美概况等课程都有密切联系。
精读课是综合培养学生听说读写译等方面能力的基础课程，学生必须首先通过精读课程的学习达到一定的能力，才能顺利有效地进行本课程的学习。
泛读课增加学生的知识面，熟悉基本词汇、句子的用法。
语法课使学生掌握英语语言的基本结构，规律，这样在赏析文学作品时才能真正体会到作品语言的出色之处。
写作课使学生能够顺利地把自己的思想通过第二语言付诸笔端，具有了这种能力，学生就能把自己在研读文学作品时的所感所想表达出来。
英美概况向学生介绍了英美国家基本的地理，经济，历史，人文等各方面知识，这位学生更加深入地理解和掌握美国文学知识做好了充分的铺垫。
本门课对于上述课程亦有积极的反作用。
三、教学内容与基本要求一、课程学时分配（以章节为单位）上册：主要内容、重点与难点及基本要求Part One The Colonial Period主要内容：Historical Introduction: American Puritanism1.origin of Puritan2.Puritanism---based on Calvinism3.Influence on Am literatureColonial LiteratureAnne BradstreetEdward TaylorRoger WilliamsPhilip FreneauJohn WoolmanThomas Paine教学重点及难点：清教主义对美国文学的影响；清教主义的教义基本要求：介绍对美国文学及美国文化影响重大的清教主义，要求学生理解清教主义的教义，掌握清教主义对美国文学的影响，，殖民时代的主要作家及启蒙时代的特点Part Two The Period of Enlightenment and Revolution主要内容：Historical Introduction: the age of EnlightenmentJonathan EdwardsBenjamin Franklin教学重点及难点：启蒙时代的特点；爱德华兹和富兰克林各自的哲学思想基本要求：掌握启蒙时代的特点；爱德华兹和富兰克林各自的哲学思想Part Three The Romantic Period主要内容：Historical Introduction: Romanticism; American Romanticism1.Background2.its distinct featurerepresentative authors and works of this periodWashington IrvingJames Fenimore CooperNew England Transcendentalism1.Background2.major features3. Leading writersRalph Waldo Emerson: Nature;“The American Scholar”Henry David ThoreauJonathan Edwards: Waldon----or Life in the Woods; “Civil disobedience”Post-Romantic WritersNathaniel HawthorneTwice-Told TalesMosses from an Old ManseThe Scarlet LetterThe House of the Seven GablesThe Blithedale RomanceThe Marble FaunHerman Melville: Moby DickEdgar Allen PoeShort stories: MS Found in a BottleThe Purloined LetterThe Murder in the Rue MorgueThe Fall of the House of UsherWilliam WilsonThe Cask of AmontilladoThe Imp of the perversePoem: The BellsIsrafelThe RavenTo Helen教学重点及难点：浪漫主义及美国浪漫主义的定义及特点；超验主义的特点；主要后浪漫主义作家的作品及写作特点；清教主义对超验主义的影响基本要求：掌握美国浪漫主义的产生背景及特点，理解超验主义产生的背景，掌握超验主义的特点及两位超验主义哲学家，，掌握霍桑与麦尔维尔的作品及写作特点，了解爱伦坡Part Four The Literature of Realism主要内容：Historical Introduction: Realismrepresentative authors and works of this periodWalt Whitman: Song of Myself; I Sit and Look out; Beat! Beat! Beat!Emily Dickinson: I Like To See It Lap the Miles; The Brain—Is Wider than the Sky; Tell All the Truth but Tell It Slant; I felt a Funeral, in myBrain; I died for Beuty…Harriet Beecher Stowe: Uncle Tom’s CabinMark Twain: the Adventures of Tom SawyerO Henry: the Cop and the AnthemHenry James: The Portrait of a LadyJack London: The Sea WolfTheodore Dreiser: Sister Carrie教学重点及难点：现实主义时代的历史背景及特点；主要代表作家的特点及其作品基本要求：了解这一时期的历史背景，掌握这一时期的文学特点，学会运用一定的文学理论对主要作家的主要作品进行赏析。
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》(第2版)(考研真题精选 术语解释)【圣才出品】
三、术语解释1.“grace under pressure”（武大2015研）Key:Hemingway writes all his life about one theme,“grace under pressure”.His world is essentially chaotic and meaningless,in which man fights solitarily against a force he does not even understand.The awareness that it must end in defeat, no matter how hard he struggles,engenders a sense of despair.But the Hemingway hero possesses courage to assert his dignity in face of adversity.This is the essence of a code of honor in which all of Hemingway’s heroes believed.2.Calvinism（北二外2017研）Key:Calvinism is the doctrine of John Calvin,the great French theologian who lived in Geneva.It’s doctrine of predestination,original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement(or the salvation of a selected few)through a special infusion of grace from god.3.The Beat Generation（厦门大学2013研）Key:The Beat Generation is a literary movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture and politics in the post-World War II era.The bulk of their work was published and popularized throughout the1950s.Central elements of Beat culture are rejection of standard narrative values,spiritual quest,exploration of American and Eastern religions, rejection of materialism,explicit portrayals of the human condition,experimentation with psychedelic drugs,and sexual liberation and exploration.4.Transcendentalism（南开大学2011研）Key:Transcendentalism is a New England movement,which flourished from about1835to1860.It had its roots in romanticism and in post-Kantian idealism by which Coleridge was influenced.It had a considerable influence on American art and literature.Basically religious,it emphasized the role and importance of the individual conscience,and the value of intuition in matters of moral guidance and inspiration.The actual term was coined by opponents of the movement,but accepted by its members.The group of people was also social reformers.Some of the members,besides Emerson,were famous,including Bronson Alcott,Henry David Thoreau and Nathaniel Hawthorne.5.Point of view（北外2011研）Key:Point of view refers to the position or vantage-point from which the events of a story seem to be observed and presented to us.The chief distinction usually made between points of view between third-person narratives and first-person narratives.A third-person narrator may be omniscient,and therefore shows an unrestricted knowledge of the story’s events from outside or‘above’them; but another kind of third-person narrator may confine our knowledge of events to whatever is observed by a single character or small group of characters,this method being known as‘limited point of view’.A first-person narrator’spoint of view will normally be restricted to his or her partial knowledge and experience,and therefore will not give us access to other characters’hidden thoughts.Many modern authors have also used‘multiple point of view’,in which we are shown the events from the positions of two or more different characters.6.Symbol（北航2012研）Key:A symbol is a sign which suggests more than its literal meaning.In other words,a symbol is both literal and figurative.In literary usage,a symbol is an especially evocative kind of image,that is,a word or phrase referring to a concrete object,scene,or action which also has some further significance associated with it.Roses,mountains,birds,and voyages have all been used as common literary symbols.7.Narrator（西安交大2008研）Key:One who narrates,or tells,a story.A story may be told by a first-person narrator,someone who is either a major or minor character in the story.Or a story may be told by a third-person narrator,someone who is not in the story at all. The word narrator can also refer to a character in a drama who guides the audience through the play,often commenting on the action and sometimes participating in it.8.Imagism（北二外2015研）Key:An influential literary movement that took place in Europe and America from 1910to1920.The imagist poet creates a simple,clear,and vivid image which in itself is the expression of art and meaning to evoke an emotional response in the reader.Imagism was in part a reaction to the“bad habits”of19th century poets who were too explicit in their commentary and too repetitious in their subjects,patterns,and meters.One of the representatives of Imagism is Ezra Pound,whose major works include In a Station of the Metro,and Cathay.9.Antagonist（北航2011研）Key:In literary works,antagonist is a person or force opposing the protagonist in a narrative,a rival of the hero or central character who is often hindered by some opposing force either human or animal.The antagonist may not be a human being.Sometimes the antagonist may not be a living creature at all,but the hostile social or natural environment.10.Oversoul（北二外2014研）Key:Oversoul,is a concept by Ralph Waldo Emerson introduced in his1841 essay by the same name,meaning“over abiding presence”.It refers to an impersonal force that is eternal moral,harmonious,and beneficent in tendency.Emerson believed that there should be an emotional communication between an individual soul and tee universal“oversoul”,since the over-soul is anall-pervading power from which all things come from and of which all is a part.One of the tendencies of the“over-soul”is to express itself in form hence the world of nature as an emanation of the world of spirit.11.Aesthetic distance（北航2012研）Key:Aesthetic distance refers to the gap between a viewer’s conscious reality and the fictional reality presented in a work of art.William Faulkner tends to invoke a close aesthetic distance by using the first person narrative and stream of consciousness,while Earnest Hemingway tends to invoke a greater aesthetic distance from readers by using the third person narrative.12.Black humor（北二外2014研）Key:In contemporary literary criticism,black humor is a term applied to a large group of American novels beginning in the1950s.Although the writers of black humor did not intentionally form a school of literary’movement,there is in their novels a common core of satire which is directed against hypocrisy, materialism,racial prejudice,and above all,the dehumanization of the individual by a modem society.In their opinion,their society is full of institutionalized absurdity.Therefore,all of them hold a cynical attitude toward society and the conventional moral values which support that society.This despondency is reflected in their novels,not by angry protest,but by the use of exaggeration asa vehicle for satire.The satire is based on the exposition and exaggeration of theabnormal and the seamy side of both people and society to the point of ridiculousness and absurdity.It is humor out of despair and laughter out of tears.13.Harlem renaissance（北航2011研）Key:Harlem renaissance originally called the New Negro Movement,was a literary and intellectual flowering that fostered a new black cultural identity in the1920s and1930s.It was centered in the Harlem neighborhood of New York City.The Harlem Renaissance changed the images of literature created by many black and white American writers.New black images were no longer obedient and docile.Instead they showed a new confidence and racial pride.The representative writers include Langston Hughes,Claude Mckay,Jean Toomer and Countee Cullen.14.Darwinism（北二外2015研）Key:Darwinism refers to the evolutionary theories raised by Charles Darwin.The naturalists applied these theories to human society,stressing the animality of man and suggesting that he was dominated by the irresistible forces.One of the representatives of Social Darwinism is Herbert Spencer,whose major works include On the Proper Sphere of Government,The Philosophy of Style,Principles of Psychology,and A Theory of Population.。
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》（第2版）章节题库（第1章殖民地时期的美国文学——第3章超验主义）【圣才出
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》（第2版）章节题库（第1章殖民地时期的美国文学——第3章超验主义）【圣才出第1章殖民地时期的美国文学Ⅰ. Fill in the blanks.1. The Puritan philosophy known as _____ was important in New England during colonial time, and had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.【答案】Puritanism【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。
清教徒构成了当时北美移民的主体，在新英格兰北部更是清一色的清教徒。
清教主义奠定了美国社会的基础，塑造了美国人的性格，从各个方面影响着美国社会。
2. In his autobiography, _____ creates the image of a self-made man and demonstrates his belief that the new world of America was a land of _____ which might be met through hard work and wise management. （天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】Benjamin Franklin, opportunities【解析】富兰克林是美国启蒙时期与独立战争时期的代表人物。
他的《富兰克林自传》是美国第一部成功的传记体作品，文中树立的主人公形象激励了一代又一代的美国人去追求美国梦。
3. The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America is a collection of poems composed by _____.【答案】Anne Bradstreet【解析】安妮·布莱德斯特里特是美国殖民时期著名的诗人。
美国文学提纲(2)
I. Multiple Choice (20 points in all, 1 for each)1) Check the dictionary: pompous, vernacular2) At the beginning of Faulkner’s A Rose For Emily, there is a detailed description ofEmily’s old house. The purpose of such description is to imply that the pe rson living in it C.A. is a wealth ladyB. has good tasteC. is a prisoner of the pastD. is aconservative aristocrat3)Stylistically, Henry James’s fiction is characterized by D.A. short clear sentencesB. abundance of local imagesC. ordinary American speechD.highly refined language1. The convention of the desire for an escape from society and a reture to nature inAmerican Literature is particularly evident in AA. Cooper’s Leather-Stocking TakesB. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Le tterC. Whitman’s Leaves of GrassD. Irving’s Rip Van Winkle2. In 1873, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled at Harvard, which was hailedby Oliver Wendell Homes as “our Intellectual Dedaration of IA. NatureB. Self-RelianceC. Divinity Scholar AddressD. The AmericanScholar3. What’s the analogy that Emily Dickin son uses in her poem Because I could not stopfor death? AA.Horse and carriageB. stage and performanceC. Cloud and ShadeD. ship andharbor4. Most of the writers in the Modern Period were able to probe into the inner would of ofhuman reality on the base of DA. Carl Jung’s “collective unconscious” and “archetypal symbol”B. Sigmound Frend’s “interpretation of dreams”C. William Jame’s “stream of consciousness”D. all of the above.II. Blank Filling (10 points in all, 1 for each)1) Henry James is considered the founder of Psychological realism. He believed that reality lies in the impressions made by life on the spectator.2) Mark Twain’s first novel, The Gilded Age was an artistic failure, but it gave itsname to the America of the postbellum period which it attempts to satirize.Blank FillingBlank Filling1. The best of puritan poets was Edward Taylor, whose complete edition of poems appeared in 1960, more than two hundred years after his death.8. Edwin Arlington Robinson produced a large body of works and was honored with the Pulitzer Prize in 1522, 1925 and 1928.10. Fitzgerald’s first novel This Side of Paradise, with its portrayal of casual dissipations of “f laming youth”, was an immediate commercial success.3. In “Song of Myself”, Whitman’s own early experience may well be identified with the children of a young growing American.4. The range of Dickinson’s poetry suggests not her limited experience but the power of her creativity and imagination.5. Mark Twain, breaking out of the narrow limits of local color fiction, described the breadth of American experience as no one had ever done before, or since.7. Many of O. Henry’s stones talk about the life of poor people in New York.8. Henry James realism is characterized by his psychological approach to his subject matter.9. The Financier, T he Tifan and The Stoic form Dreiser’s “Trilogy of Desire”12. American writers of first postwar era self ——consciously acknowledged that they were a “Lost Generation” devoid of faith and alienated from a civilization.13. At one time, Sandburg’s reputation mainly rested on a multi ——volume biography of Abraham Lincoln including “The Prairie Years” and “The War Years”14. For publication of his collected Poems, Wallace Stevens received the National Book Award and Pulitzer Prize.15. In 1954, Hemingway was awarded a Nobel Prize for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.16. In 1935, Steinbeck published Tortilla Flat. A collection of short story which vividly described the “life of poor Mexican——Americans with affection and humor.17. The Yoknapatawpha Country is a legendary kingdom created by Faulkner.18. The most significant American poem of the 20th century was The Waste Land.19. Edwin Arlington Robinson produced a large body of works and was honored with the Pulitzer Prize in 1922, 1925 and 1928.21. As Thomas Sterns Eliot’s declared, he followed strictly the advice of his doze friend Ezra Pound in cutting and concentrating The Waste Land12.“Martin Eden”is the novel into which Jack London put most of himself。
吴定柏美国文学大纲第2版笔记和考研真题详解
吴定柏美国文学大纲第2版笔记和考研真题详解吴定柏《美国文学大纲》（第2版）笔记和考研真题详解才聪学习网覆盖了全国500多所院校考研专业课、1100多种经典教材、200多种职业资格考试，类型包括电子书、题库、全套资料以及视频。
内容简介《美国文学大纲》（吴定柏主编）一直被用作高等院校英语专业英美文学教材，被许多院校指定为英语专业考研必读书和学术研究参考书。
为了帮助读者更好地学习这套教材，我们精心编著了它的配套辅导用书。
作为该教材的学习辅导书，全书遵循该教材的章目编排，共分17章，每章由两部分组成：第一部分为复习笔记（中英文对照），总结本章的重点难点；第二部分是考研真题与典型题详解，精选名校经典考研真题及相关习题，并提供了详细的参考答案。
本书具有以下几个方面的特点：1．梳理章节脉络，浓缩内容精华。
每章的复习笔记以该教材为主结合其他教材对本章的重难点知识进行了整理，并参考了国内名校名师讲授该教材的课堂笔记，因此，本书的内容几乎浓缩了经典教材的知识精华。
2．中英双语对照，凸显难点要点。
本书章节笔记采用了中英文对照的形式，强化对重要难点知识的理解和运用。
3．精选考研真题，补充难点习题。
本书精选名校考研真题及相关习题，并提供答案和详解。
所选真题和习题基本体现了各个章节的考点和难点，但又不完全局限于教材内容，是对教材内容极好的补充。
•试看部分内容第1章殖民地时期的美国文学1.1 复习笔记1.2 考研真题与典型题详解第2章早期的浪漫主义2.1 复习笔记2.2 考研真题与典型题详解第3章超验主义3.1 复习笔记3.2 考研真题与典型题详解第4章浪漫主义4.1 复习笔记4.2 考研真题与典型题详解第5章现实主义5.1 复习笔记5.2 考研真题与典型题详解第6章地方色彩小说6.1 复习笔记6.2 考研真题与典型题详解第7章自然主义7.1 复习笔记7.2 考研真题与典型题详解第8章现代诗歌8.1 复习笔记8.2 考研真题与典型题详解第9章1945年之前的现代小说9.1 复习笔记9.2 考研真题与典型题详解第10章战后的现实主义小说10.1 复习笔记10.2 考研真题与典型题详解第11章垮掉的一代11.1 复习笔记11.2 考研真题与典型题详解第12章美国的女性作家12.1 复习笔记12.2 考研真题与典型题详解第13章美国犹太作家13.1 复习笔记13.2 考研真题与典型题详解第14章黑人文学14.1 复习笔记14.2 考研真题与典型题详解第15章南方文学15.1 复习笔记15.2 考研真题与典型题详解第16章后现代小说16.1 复习笔记16.2 考研真题与典型题详解第17章现代戏剧17.1 复习笔记17.2 考研真题与典型题详解。
美国文学2
Theodore Dreiser (1871-1945)
Masterpiece---Sister Carrie (1900)
Carrie—a country girl looking for a better life in Chicago. Drouet took her home as mistress. Hurstwood, Drouet’ s friend, deserted family and forced her to run away with him. Carrie became a famous actress; Hurstwood committed suicide. Dreiser’s naturalistic pursuit expounding the purposelessness of life attacking the conventional moral
Trilogy (三部曲) of desire The Financer (1912) The Titan (1914) The Stoic (1945) 《欲望三部曲》——《金融家》，《巨 人》，《斯多葛》
masterpiece—The American Tragedy (1925)
V. The Modern Period (19141939)
5.1 Lost Generation
5.2
Modern Poetry
5.1 What is the Lost Generation?
American writers caught in WWI and cut off from the old values; unable to come to terms with the new era.
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》(第2版)(章节题库 殖民地时期的美国文学)【圣才出品】
第1章殖民地时期的美国文学Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.The Puritan philosophy known as_____was important in New England during colonial time,and had a profound influence on the early American mind for several generations.【答案】Puritanism【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。
清教徒构成了当时北美移民的主体，在新英格兰北部更是清一色的清教徒。
清教主义奠定了美国社会的基础，塑造了美国人的性格，从各个方面影响着美国社会。
2.In his autobiography,_____creates the image of a self-made man and demonstrates his belief that the new world of America was a land of_____which might be met through hard work and wise management.（天津外国语学院2011研）【答案】Benjamin Franklin,opportunities【解析】富兰克林是美国启蒙时期与独立战争时期的代表人物。
他的《富兰克林自传》是美国第一部成功的传记体作品，文中树立的主人公形象激励了一代又一代的美国人去追求美国梦。
3.The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America is a collection of poems composed by_____.【答案】Anne Bradstreet【解析】安妮·布莱德斯特里特是美国殖民时期著名的诗人。
其代表作是诗集《最近在北美出现的第十位缪斯》（The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung up in America）。
美国文学二
Philip Freneau (1752-1832)
Freneau was the first American-born poet, representing the efforts for literary nationalism in America. He was called the ― Poet of the American Revolution‖ and ―Father of American poetry‖. He wrote many poems encouraging revolution and encouraging the glory that would be won by overcoming the British such as
2. Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758)
Man of God: embodying Puritan naï idealism ve
1)
Life Edwards was probably the last great voice to re-assert Calvinism in America and the most remarkable American Puritan. He was born in East Windsor, Connecticut, the only grandson of a very important Puritan pastor. And that meant that he too would have to become a pastor. He began his literary career at the age of eleven with the famous essay on the flying spider. When he was thirteen, his family sent him to Yale College, where he experienced a religious conversion. He succeeded his grandfather as minister in 1729. Edwards was a leading figure in the Great Awakening.
吴定柏《美国文学大纲》(第2版)(章节题库 南方文学)【圣才出品】
第15章南方文学Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.1.In______’s_______,the protagonist begins as a man of integrity and a pillar of his country,but ends with a tragic vision of human existence,voicing that“Life is a tale told by an idiot,full of sound and fury,signifying nothing.”（天津外国语2012研）【答案】William Faulkner,The Sound and the Fury【解析】“Life is a tale told by an idiot,full of sound and fury,signifying nothing.”是威廉·福克纳著作《喧哗与骚动》中的句子。
2.The Compsons,the Sartorises,and the Sutpens are representative southern aristocratic families in______’s novels,and they are all portrayed as prisoners of the past,who cannot reconcile with the fall of the south after______.（天津外国语2013研）【答案】William Faulkner;the Civil War【解析】这三个家族是福克纳关于南方贵族的三个代表，在这些作品中，主人公们生活在过去的牢笼中，无法接受美国内战后南方的衰落。
3.Writers like Ernest Hemingway and William Faulkner tried to represent the absurdity theme in_____novelistic devices,while the writers in the1960s regard the conventional novel as_____.【答案】traditional;“literature of exhaustion”【解析】海明威和福克纳等作家用传统小说的手法反映荒诞的主题。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
潍坊学院美国文学（二）课程（课程编码）教学大纲适用专业：英语语言文学本科总学时：36 学分：2学分
一、说明：
１、本课程的目的、任务。
“美国文学（二）”系英语专业本科学生的专业必修课，第七学期开设。
其目的在于让学生在具备了一定的英语语言基础知识，一定的英美文化基础知识以及良好掌握美国文学（一）所学知识的基础之上, 对美国后期文学有一个全面系统的认识，对影响美国文学发展的现实主义、自然主义、地方色彩文学、现代主义、南方文学等有较为深入的了解，并对美国内战、第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战三个主要时期所出现的知名作家及其代表作有一个初步的了解，进而做到欣赏。
2、本课程的教学要求
本课程是高等院校英语语言文学专业的一门高年级专业必修课。
本课程要求学生系统、全面地掌握美国文学史上美国内战、第一次世界大战、第二次世界大战三个重要的发展阶段。
教学内容包括这三个时期的文学的不同特色、不同流派、代表作家及其代表作品的特点。
第一章讲解现实主义文学。
主要介绍现实主义文学产生的历史背景、影响现实主义文学的思潮以及现实主义代表作家与作品。
本部分的重点在于现实主义文学及其两个重要的分枝:地方色彩文学和自然主义文学。
同时,从总体上讲解亨利·詹姆斯、W·D·豪厄尔斯、马克·吐温三位现实主义作家在写作风格、作品所关注的社会阶层、创作理论等各方面的异同。
自然主义文学部分着重介绍德莱塞及其代表作。
第二章介绍二十世纪的文学。
二十世纪，特别是第一次世界大战后，人们的思想空前活跃。
人们不断尝试采用新的方法来表现战后颓废的精神世界以及拜金主义横行的物质世界，各种文学流派纷纷出现。
本章主要讲解这一时期出现的意象派、迷茫的一代、左翼自然主义文学、南方文学及其代表作家。
本课程以讲授为主，自学为辅。
为了使课程生动活泼，采用多媒体课件的辅助授课方式。
力求用生动的画面加深学生对所学知识的理解。
同时，使用网络资源搜集尽可能多的相关资料来丰富课堂教学。
注重培养学生对所学知识的理解及运用能力，使之能结合作家所处的特殊历史时期对作家及其代表作本身的本质内涵有较为深入的了解。
让学生在学习过程中逐渐培养一定的文学修养及文学欣赏能力。
通过学习，要求学生对加深对美国的历史、文化、风
土人情的了解；进而了解文学作品的产生渊源、意义以及影响。
教学大纲是参考性文件，教师在保证完成教学大纲所规定的基本要求的前提下，使用时可以灵活掌握和作适当调整。
与本大纲配套的教材是由吴伟仁主编的高等学校文科教材《美国文学史及选读》（外语教学与研究出版社出版）。
二、课程内容及课时分配
第一章现实主义文学（17 课时）
第一节现实主义文学概论
一、历史背景
二、现实主义文学的特点
三、现实主义与浪漫主义的差别
第二节现实主义时期的两位诗人
一、惠特曼：生活经历，重要作品：《自我之歌》、《我坐在这儿眺望着》，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
二、爱米莉·狄金森：生活经历，重要作品：《我为美而死》、《我不能等候死神》，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
第三节心理现实主义
一、亨利·詹姆斯：生活经历，重要作品：《贵夫人画像》
二、文学理论，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
第四节地方色彩文学
一、地方色彩文学的定义
二、地方色彩文学的发展史
三、地方色彩文学的特点
四、马克·吐温：生活经历，重要作品：《汤姆·索娅历险记》、《哈克·贝利芬历险记》，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
第五节自然主义
一、自然主义的定义、起源
二、自然主义文学的特点
三、德莱塞：生活经历，重要作品：《嘉丽妹妹》、《珍妮姑娘》，《美国悲剧》，写
作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
【本章教学目的与要求】本章的重点在于现实主义及其两个重要分枝的特点、代表作家、代表作品。
通过讲授，使学生掌握现实主义、自然主义、地方色彩文学的基本知识。
第二章二十世纪的美国文学（19课时）
第一节现代主义
一、现代主义概论
二、现代主义的历史背景
三、艾略特：生活经历，重要作品：《荒原》
四、艾略特：写作理论、写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
五、弗罗斯特：生活经历，重要作品：《雪夜林边停》、《没有走的路》，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
第二节意象派文学
一、意象派文学的创作原则
二、庞德：生活经历，重要作品：《合同》、《地铁站台》，写作风格，在文学史上的重
要地位。
第三节迷茫的一代
一、历史背景
二、迷茫的一代的写作特色
三、菲兹杰拉德：生活经历，重要作品：《了不起的盖茨比》，写作风格，在文学史上
的重要地位。
四、海明威：生活经历，重要作品：《太阳照样升起》、《永别了武器》，《战地钟声》，
文学理论，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地位。
第四节南方文学
一、南方的神话
二、南方的价值观
三、福克纳：生活经历，重要作品：《喧哗与骚动》，写作风格，在文学史上的重要地
位。
【本章教学目的与要求】通过讲授，让学生了解这一历史时期的特点，对人们生活产生重大影响的思潮与价值观。
要求学生掌握这一时期的重要文学流派、代表作家、代表作品。
三、推荐教材及参考书目
1、常耀信，《美国文学简史》，南开大学出版社，1990。
2．常耀信，《美国文学选读》，南开大学出版社，1991。
3．胡荫桐、刘树森，《美国文学教程》，南开大学出版社，1995。
4．钱青，《美国文学名著精选》，商务印书馆，1999。
5．金莉秦亚青，《美国文学》，外语教学与研究出版社，1999。
6．李公昭，《新编美国文学选读》，西安交通大学出版社，1999。
7．李公昭，《20世纪美国文学导论》，西安交通大学出版社，2000。
8．刘守兰，《英美名诗解读》，上海外语教育出版社，2003。
各章讲授参考学时数。