五年级英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句知识精讲
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英语一般疑问句和特殊疑问句知识精讲
一、一般疑问:
1.含系动词be的一般疑问句的构成
具体地说,am 只能跟在第一人称的单数 I 后面,are 搭配 you,is 跟在第三人称单数 he, she 后面.
be 动词的基本意思:是.
I'm in Class 2, Grade 1. →Are you in Class 2, Grade 1? 你是在一年级二班吗?(如遇第一人称,最好将其置换成第二人称)
It's a map of China. →Is it a map of China? 这是一幅中国地图吗?
Am I wrong again? (我又错了?)
Yes, you are (wrong again). (是的,你又错了。)No, you aren’t. (不,你没错。)
Is it your bicycle? (这辆自行车是你的吗?)
Yes, it is. (是的,是我的。)No, it isn’t. (不,那不是我的。)
2.含情态动词的一般疑问句的构成
一般疑问句面前人人平等:情态动词与am / is / are一样,也可直接将它们提至主语前,所以问题迎刃而解了。如:
I can spell it. →Can you spell it? 你会拼写它吗?
Shall I call a taxi for you ? (需要我替你叫一辆出租车吗?)
Yes, please. Thank you. (好的,谢谢你。)No, thank you.(不必了,谢谢你。)
Will you do that for her? (你愿意替她做那件事吗?)
Yes, I will.(是的,我愿意。)No, I won’t.(不,我不愿意。)
Can she drive? (她会开车吗?)
Yes, she can.(是的,她会。)No, she can’t.(不,她不会。)
3.含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成
含实义动词的一般疑问句的构成稍微有点讲究,要在句首加do;如逢主语为第三人称单数,要在句首加does,并要将谓语动词变回原形(如has→have,likes →like等);有时陈述句中的some还要变作any等。如:
She lives in Beijing. →Does she live in Beijing? 她住在北京吗?
I like English. →Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?
There are some books on my desk.→Are there any books on your desk? Do you speak Japanese? (你会说日语吗?)
Yes, I do.(是的,我会说。)No, I don’t.(不,我不会说。)
Does she swim very well?(她游泳游得好吗?)
Yes, she does. She is a good swimmer.
(是的,她游得好。她是游泳高手。)
No, she doesn’t. She doesn’t swim at all.
(不,她不会。她根本不会游泳。)
Did you tell her the truth? (你向她说了实话吗?)
Yes, I did.(是的,我说了。)No, I didn’t.(不,我没说。)
Don’t you like to have a cup of coffee?
(你不喜欢喝一杯咖啡吗?)
Yes, I do.(要,我要一杯。)No, I don’t. Thank you. (不,我不要。谢谢你。)
二、特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词
wh-开头外加能与之结伴同行的名词; how及它的形容词兄弟姐妹们,即如:what, where, which, what class, what time, what number; who, whom, whose,how,how many, how old, how much等。
1. 特殊疑问句的构成特殊疑问句由"特殊疑问词+一般疑问句"构成:
How old are you? 你多大了?
What's this in English? 这个用英语怎么讲?
但特殊疑问句有时也要"特殊解":即如果问的是主语或主语的定语时,这时的特殊疑问句看起来成了"特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句"。如:
Who's not here today? 今天谁没来?·
Which pen is red? 哪枝钢笔是红色的?
5.对特殊疑问句的答复小扫描
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中,疑问代词一般都放在句首,并在句中作为某一句子成分。如:
What is this? (what作表语)这是什么?
what color is it ? 什么颜色?
Which is bigger, the left one or the right one? (which作主语)哪一个大一点,左边的一个还是右边的一个?
What are you talking about? (what作宾语)你在说什么?
Who will go with you? (who作主语)谁和你一起去?
Whom are you talking to? (whom作宾语)你在跟谁说话?
Whose dictionary is this? (whose作定语)这是谁的字典?
What's the capital of your country? 贵国首都是哪儿
What's your motherland? 你祖国是哪儿?
回答特殊疑问句,不能用"yes / no";但可用"到什么山上唱什么歌"来形容对特殊疑问句的应答- -即问什么答什么(尤其是简略回答更明显)。如:-How old is your sister? 你妹妹今年多大了?
-She's only five. / Only five. (她)才5岁。