高考重要动词短语(自编)

高考重要动词短语
1.turn up
①turn sth up 发现，发掘出
The police investigation hasn’t turned up any new evidence. 警方的调查还没有发现任何新的证据。

②（机会或情况）突然发生，不期而至
Don’t worry. I am sure a job will turn up soon. 我敢肯定工作不久就会有的。

③出现，到达，来到They finally turned up at nearly midnight. 他们终于在近午夜时出现了。

④调大，开大（热度，音量）Can you turn up the TV? 你能把电视机的声音调大点吗？
2. turn down
①调低（热度，音量）
If you are hot you can turn the heater down. 如果你觉得热, 你可以把暖气调小。

②turn sth/sb down 拒绝（提议，请求，邀请）
We have turned down four applicants already. 我们已拒绝了四位申请者。

His request for a rise was turned down. 他要求加薪, 被拒绝了。

3 .turn in
①交回，交还My wallet was turned in to the police two days after it was stolen.
②turn sth in 交（作业），交（任务）Have you all turned in your homework from last night ?
③turn sb in 向（警方）告发（罪犯）His wife finally turned him in after months of silence.
④上床睡觉Well, I think I will turn in. I’ve got to get up early.
4.turn sb away（from sth）把某人拒之门外，不准某人进入
Hundreds of people were turned away from the stadium.体育馆满座，数百人被拒之门外。

They had nowhere to stay so I couldn’t turn them away.他们无处安身，所以我不能把他们打发走。

5. turn out
①结果是，证明是，原来是it turns out that turn out to be
It turned out that he didn’t get the job in the end.
The job turned out to be harder than we thought.这工作结果比我们想象的要难。

The house they had offered us turned out to be a tiny apartment.
他们向我们提供的房子原来是很小的公寓套间。

②（与副词或形容词连用，或用于以how引导的疑问句）…地发展/发生，结果…
Despite our worries everything turned out well. 尽管我们都很担心，结果一切都顺利。

You never know how your children will turn out. 很难说子女将来的发展怎样。

If the day turns out wet, we may have to change our plans.
如果那天下雨的话，我们很可能得改变计划。

③turn sth out 关上，关掉（电灯）Don’t forget to turn out the lights when you go.
④turn sb out（of/from sth）驱逐，赶走
He turned his son out of the house without any money.他把儿子赶出了家门，没给他一分钱。

⑤（为看热闹）蜂拥而出
A big crowd turned out to watch the procession.有一大群人出来观看游行队伍。

⑥生产，制造The factory turns out 900 cars a week.
6. come up
①被提到，被讨论，被考虑
A lot of new questions came up at the meeting.在此次会议上，许多新问题别提了出来。

The subject came up in conversation.谈话中谈到了这个话题。

②（太阳）升起，（植物）长出,发芽The sun was coming up by the time I finished my essay.
③突然出现，开始影响I’ am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕有紧急事情发生了。

We will let you know if any vacancies come up.一有空缺，我们就会通知你.
④即将发生/出现/到来Her birthday is coming up soon. ⑤走到跟前，走近He came up to me and asked for a light.
e up with 想出，提出（主意，计划，回答）; 提供（所需钱款）
Is that the best excuse you can come up with? 那就是你能想出的最好借口吗？
How am I supposed to come up with ＄10,000?我怎么能拿出1万美元来？
e out
①（太阳，月亮或星星）出现，；露出The rain stopped and the sun came out.
②盛开，开花The daffodils(水仙花) came out early this year.
③出版，发行，发表When is his new novel coming out?
④(消息，真相等)被获知，为人所知，显露，泄漏
The full story came out at the trial.案情始末在审判时真相大白。

It came out that he he’d been telling lies.后来才知道他一直在说谎。

⑤（照片）冲印，显影
Some of the wedding photos didn’t come out.有些结婚照没有洗出来。

The photos from our trip didn’t come out. 我们旅行的照片冲洗的效果不好。

⑥说出，讲出I tried to say ‘I love you’, but the words wouldn’t come out.但这句话怎么也说不出来。

⑦come out (of sth)（颜色，斑点）褪去，消失
These ink stains won’t come out of my dress. 我衣服上的墨水斑点洗不掉。

Will the colour come out if I wash it? 我若用水洗，它会掉色吗？
⑧come out well/badly/aheas 结果不错/很糟/很成功
If you spend a little more time on your work, you’ll come out ahead in the end.你最终会成为佼佼者的。

e across/come over
①被理解，被弄懂
He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn’t really come across/come over/get across.但没有人真正理解他的意思。

②给人以…印象，使产生…印象
She comes across well in interviews.她常在采访中给人留下很好的印象。

He comes over as a sympathetic person.他给人的印象是一个富有同情心的人。

③（偶然）遇见，碰见，发现She came across some old photographs in a drawer.
e off
①能被去掉或除去That mark won’t come off.那污点去不掉。

②成功，达到预期效果（或结果）
They had wanted it to be a surprise but the plan didn’t come off.他们本想一鸣惊人，然而计划却流产了。

③come off well/badly 成功/不成功
I though they came off very well in the debate. 我认为他们在辩论中表现非常出色。

④从…掉下或落下；与…分离或分开
to come off your bicycle/horse从自行车/马上跌下
A button had come off my coat.我的外套掉了一颗纽扣。

⑤停止（服药，吸毒，饮酒）
I have tried to get him to come off the tranquillizers. 我试图说服他停止服用镇静剂。

e at sb扑向某人come at sth 考虑，思考
She came at me with a knife. 她拿着刀子向我扑过来。

The noise came at us from all sides. 噪音从四面八方向我们袭来。

We are getting nowhere-let’s come at it from another angle.我们这样会毫无进展，还是换个角度考虑一下吧。

12. hold up
①hold sb/sth up举起，抬起，支撑
The roof is held up by pillars. 屋顶是由柱子支撑着的。

②阻碍，耽搁，延迟（尝用被动语态）
My application was held up by the postal strike.我的申请因邮政部门罢工而耽搁了。

The building work has been held up by bad weather.由于天气不好，建筑工程被耽搁下来了。

③hold sb/sth up as 把某人某物作为榜样
She is always holding up her children as models of good behavior.
她总是举例说自己的孩子表现如何好。

The school is being held up as a model for other inner-city secondary schools.
这所学校被树为其它旧城区中学学习的榜样。

④持枪抢劫His brother tried to hold up the drugstore（杂货店）and was sent to jail.
⑤保持强壮His physical condition held up remarkably well. 他的身体状况保持得非常好。

13.hold out
①坚持，维持
Will the water supply hold out through summer? 供水能维持整个夏天吗？
We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out. 我们可以在这里一直待到我们的储备品用完。

②守住，坚守；抵抗，幸存
They’ll have to surrender-they can’t hold out forever.他们迟早得投降，不可能永远守得住。

The rebels held out in the mountains for several years.反叛分子在山区顽抗了几年。

③提供机会，给予希望，使有可能not hold out much hope/prospect 没有多大希望/前景
Doctors hold out little hope of her recovering. 医生对她的痊愈不抱很大的希望。

Negotiators are no longer holding out much hope of a peaceful settlement.
谈判人员对和平解决不再抱有什么希望。

④伸出手（或胳膊）；递出东西I held out my hand to steady her. 我伸出手扶住她。

He held out the keys and I took them.他伸手把钥匙递过来，我接了。

14.hold back
①阻挡，拦阻They had erected barriers to hold back floods. 他们筑起屏障阻挡洪水。

The police were unable to hold back the crowd.警察阻挡不住人群。

②控制，抑制（感情等）She just managed to hold back her anger. 她勉强压住了自己的怒火。

He bravely held back his tears.他勇敢地没让眼泪流出来。

③阻碍某人的发展/提高
Spending so much time playing sport is holding him back at school.
他在体育运动上花的时间太多，影响了学业。

④隐瞒Tell me about it-don’t hold anything back! 什么都别隐瞒。

⑤犹豫，踌躇，退缩hold back from doing sth/hold sb back from doing sth
I wanted to tell him the truth, but something held me back.我本想告诉他真实情况，但又开不了口。

The tone of his voice made Steven hold back.他说话的语气使史蒂芬犹豫起来。

15. hold on
①等着，停住Hold on a minute while I get my breath back. 稍等一下，让我踹口气。

②(电话用语)别挂断，等一下Can you hold on? I’ll see if he’s here.
③（在困难或危险中）坚持住，挺住They managed to hold on until help arrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。

hold on to/hold onto
①抓紧，不放开
He held onto the back of the chair to stop himself from falling.他扶住椅子后背，以免摔倒。

Hold on to the rail or you’ll slip.抓住栏杆，否则你会摔倒。

②保住（优势），守住；不送或不卖某物
You should hold on to your oil shares.你应该继续保留住你的石油股份。

Despite the attacks we held on to the bridge for three more days.尽管收到攻击，但我们仍然将大桥坚守了三天。

③（替别人或更长时间地）保存某物
I’ll hold onto your email for you until you get back.你回来之前我将一直替你保管邮件。

16. look up
①(形势)好转，改观things are looking up
Don’t worry. Things are looking up! 不要担心，情况正在好转。

②查找，查阅Look up the word in the dictionary.
I will just look up the train times. 我正准备查一下火车时刻表。

③看望，拜访Don’t forget to look up me when you come to Atlanta.
④look up(from sth) (在低头看某物时)抬头往上看
She looked up from her book as I entered the room.我进房间时，她从书本上抬起头来看了看。

look up to sb钦佩，仰慕，尊敬All the students look up to the professor.
17. keep up
①(天气)持续不变The rain kept up all the afternoon. 雨下了整整一下午。

②使某物保持在高水平
The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up.昂贵的原料费用使价格居高不下。

③（使）继续
Well done! Keep up the good work/Keep it up! 干得好!继续好好干吧！
We’re having difficulty keeping up our mortgage payments. 我们难以继续偿还按揭贷款。

④使处于高水平，使不低落keep your spirits/morale/strength up保持愉快心境/士气/体力等
They sang songs to keep their spirits up. 他们唱歌以保持高昂的情绪。

⑤沿用/沿袭/保持某事物to keep up old traditions 保持老传统
Do you still keep up your Spanish? 你还坚持说西班牙语吗？
⑥keep sb up使某人熬夜/不睡觉/开夜车
I hope we’re not keeping you up.我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉。

18. keep up with
①赶上，跟上I can’t keep up with all the changes.
I am having trouble keeping up with the rest of the class.
②与（某人)保持联系
How many of your old school friends do you keep up with? 你与多少老同学保持着联系？
③熟悉，了解（消息，形势）She likes to keep up with the latest fashion.
It’s hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology.要跟上电脑技术的变化是很难的。

19 . pick up
①改观，好转，增强sb’s speed/the wind/the beat …picks up某人的速度/风力/节拍等增强/增加
Trade usually pick up in spring. 贸易一般在春天回升。

The wind is picking up now. 现在风愈刮愈大了。

Sales have picked up 14℅this year.今年销售额增长了14℅。

②重新开始，继续Let’s pick up where we left off yesterday.让我们从昨天停下的地方继续吧。

③接电话The phone rang and rang and nobody picked up.
④开车接某人I will pick you up at five.
⑤让人搭载，搭乘The bus picks up passengers outside the airport.
⑥pick sb/sth up 拿起，举起，提起
She went over to the crying child and picked her up. 把她抱了起来
⑦接收We were able to pick up the BBC World Service.
⑧(偶然)得到，听到，学会to pick up bad habits 染上坏习惯
Here is a tip I picked up from my mother.
She picked up Spanish when she was living in Mexico. 她旅居墨西哥时顺便学会了西班牙语。

⑨辨认，识别出
Scientist can now pick up early signs of the disease. 现在科学家能够辨认这种疾病的早起症状。

⑩取回，收集I picked up my coat from the cleaners.
⑾(碰巧或廉价地)买到
We managed to pick up a few bargains at the auction.我们从拍卖场买到了几件便宜货。

⑿感染，得到I seem to have picked up a bad cold from somewhere.
⒀察觉，发现，注意到I picked up the faint sound of a car in the distance.我听到远处传来微弱的汽车声。

⒁收拾，整理Will you pick up all your toys?
⒂pick up speed/stream 加快速度The train was gradually picking up speed.
20. build up
①加大，加强，增多；（使增加）
All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.
各方面的压力越来越大，他因负荷太重有好几个星期没上班。

Try and build up his confidence a bit. 试试让他增加对自己的信心。

②build sb/yourself 增强…的体质；使更加强壮
You need more protein to build yourself up.你需要多吃蛋白质来增强体质。

Build your mother up with nourishing food.让你母亲吃点营养品，使她逐步恢复体力。

③build sb/sth up吹捧，鼓吹
The play was built up to be a masterpiece(杰作) but I found it very disappointing.
④build sth up创建，开发She’s built up a very successful business. 她创办了一家非常成功的企业。

21.make up
①make up/make yourself up化妆，上妆She spent an hour making herself up in the morning.
②形成，构成,组成Women make up only 30℅of the workforce.
The committee is made up of representatives from each state.
③编造（说法，解释），编（歌词，故事，诗歌）
He made up some excuses about his daughter being sick.他编了个借口，说他的女儿病了。

We even made up a rude song about it. 我们甚至写了一首关于此事的粗俗的歌曲。

④凑数We need one more person to make up a team. 组成一个队
⑤凑足，补齐I saved as much as I could and my mum made up the rest of the money.
我尽我所能地攒了一些钱，不足之数由我妈妈凑齐。

⑥补上，补足，作出补偿
Can I leave early this afternoon and make up the time tomorrow?
I’m trying to make up the time I los while I was sick. 我正在设法补回我生病期间耽误的时间。

22.make up for 弥补，补偿
After all the delays, we were anxious to make up for the lost time.
Her enthusiasm makes up for her lack of experience.
make up with sb / make it up(with sb)与某人言归于好，和好，和解
Have you made up with Patty yet? Have they made it up yet? 他们和解了吗？
make out
23.take up
①（时间），占据（空间）
The table takes up too much room. I won’t take up any more of your time.
②将（衣服）等改短This skirt needs taking up.
③开始做，学着做They’ve taken up golf. 他们学着打起高尔夫球来了。

She has taken up pottery.她已经开始喜欢上陶艺。

④开始从事（一项新的工作）/ 开始承担（一项新的责任）
He takes up his duties next week. 他下周就要开始履行职责。

She took up her first teaching post in 1950.1950年，她走上第一个教学岗位。

⑤着手处理，着手进行I am going to take this matter up with my lawyer. 将同我的律师一起着手处理此事。

⑥接受（建议或挑战）Are you ready to take up the challenge?
She took up his offer of a drink.他请她喝一杯，她答应了。

⑦继续讲/做，把…接着进行下去
I’ll take up the story where you left off. 我将从你停下的地方把这个故事继续讲下去。

I’d like to take up the point you raised earlier. 我想继续谈一谈你早些时候提出的问题。

⑧ take up arms 拿起武器take up residence 开始在（某地）安顿下来，在…定居
take up with 开始与…亲密交往be taken up with 忙于
24. take on
①开始雇佣（某人）to take on new staff雇佣新员工She was taken on as a trainee.她受聘当实习生。

②呈现，具有（某种特征，面貌）Some insects can take on the color of their surroundings.
His voice took on a more serious tone. 他说话的语气变得严肃起来。

His face took on a worried look. 他的脸上开始露出焦虑的神情。

③接受（工作等），承担（责任等）
I can’t take on any extra work.
He is taking on too much work. He looks awful.他承担的工作太多了。

他的气色很不好。

25 .take in
①留宿，收留He was homeless, so we took him in.我们收留了他
②欺骗，蒙骗Don’t be taken in by some false advertisements. 不要被一些虚假广告所蒙骗。

③吞入，吸入(体内) Fish take in oxygen through their gills。

鱼用腮吸取氧气。

④改小（衣服）反义词：let out 放大，放长，加宽
⑤包含，包括This price takes in the cost of all the accommodation and food.这个价格包括了食宿等一切费用。

The tour takes in six European capitals. 这次旅游包括六个欧洲国家的首都。

⑥take in a movie/show观看电影戏剧等
⑦理解，领会
Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn’t taken anything in.这一章我读到一半才意识到我根本没有看懂。

26.take after
①(外貌或行为)像（父或母）Your daughter doesn’t take after you at all.你的女儿长得一点儿都不像你。

②追赶，跟踪I was afraid that if I started running the man would take after me.
27.take off
①起飞
②脱掉，脱去（衣服）
③休假，休息I’ve decided to take a few days off next week. 我已决定下星期休息几天。

④突然开始成功，开始走红
The new magazine has really taken off. 这本杂志真是大受欢迎。

I hear the business is really taking off. 我听说生意真的开始兴隆了。

⑤匆匆离开，急忙离开Clare just took off without saying goodbye.克莱尔没有道别就离开了。

⑥换下，中止，取消He was taken off after twenty minutes.二十分钟后，他被替换下场。

⑦取消，停演The show was taken off because of poor audience. 该剧因不卖座而停演了。

28 . take to
①逃亡，躲到The rebels took to the hills.反叛者躲进山里。

②养成…习惯/嗜好He has taken to getting up at 6 and going jogging.他已经习惯在6点起床，然后去慢跑。

③开始喜欢…，对…产生好感
He hasn’t taken to his new school.他还没有对新学校产生好感。

I took to Paul as soon as I met him.我一见到保罗，就喜欢上了他。

29.cut off
①cut sb off中断（电话通话）;打断（某人并阻止其讲话）We were cut off in the middle of our conversation. My explanation was cut off by loud protests.我的解释被强烈的抗议声打断了。

②停止，中断（供给）Our water supply has been cut off.
They were cut off for not paying their phone bill.他们未付电话费，被停机了。

③切掉，割掉，砍掉，剪掉He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.他在一次工伤中被切断了手指。

④阻碍，阻挡，堵塞They cut off the enemy’s retreat.他们切断了敌人的退路。

The new factory cuts off our view of the hills.新建的工厂挡住了我们观山景的视线。

⑤使…与外界隔绝，被隔绝/离
The army was cut off from its base.这支不对与基地失去了联系。

He cut himself off from all human contact.他断绝了与所以人的联系。

The village is so cut off from civilization that it receives almost no visitors.
这个村庄与文明如此隔绝，几乎没有外人造访。

30.cut out
①剪下，割掉I cut the advertisement out of the newspaper.我从报纸上剪下了这则广告。

The surgeon cut out the tumour. 外科医生切除了肿瘤。

②删除，删去I would cut out the bit about working as a waitress.我想删掉有关做服务员的那段工作经历。

③cut sb out of sth不让某人参与，把某人排除在…之外
Don’t cut your parents out of your lives.别把父母排除在你的生活之外。

④裁剪She cut the dress out of some old material.
⑤停止做（或使用，食用）I have been advised to cut sugar out of my diet.有人劝我饮食要忌糖。

⑥阻挡（尤指光线）,隔断Tall trees cut out the sunlight.高高的树木遮住了阳光。

⑦be cut out for/be cut out to be sth 是…材料，适合于…
He is not cut out for teaching./He is not cut out to be a teacher. 他不是当教师的材料。

31.cut down
①杀死（某人）He was cut down by a bullet.
②砍到to cut down a tree
③cut sth down to/cut down (on sth)削减，缩减，减少（尺寸，数量或数目）
You smoke too much-you should try to cut down.你抽烟太凶了，该少抽点。

My doctor has told me to cut down on drinking/carbohydrates.医生告诉我要少喝酒/减少碳水化合物的摄入量④压缩，缩短
The essay is too long-it needs cutting down a little.这篇文章太长了，需要缩短些。

We need to cut the article down to 1,000 words.我们得把这篇文章压缩到1000字。

32. cut up
①cut sb up 割伤，打伤He was very badly cut up in the fight.他在这场斗殴中伤得很重。

②切碎，剁碎He cut up the meat on the plate。

③cut up about sth(为某事)伤心，难受She was pretty cut up about them leaving.他们这一走使她伤心极了。

33.bring sb/sth back
①归还，把…送回
Please bring back all library books by the end of the week.请在周末前把图书馆的书全部归还。

He brought me back in his car.他用车把我送回家了。

②使回忆起，使想起
The photographs brought back many pleasant memories.那些照片给人带来很多美好的回忆。

③恢复，重新使用Many people are against bringing back the death penalty.很多人反对恢复死刑。

④给…带回bring sb sth back/bring sth back for sb
What did you bring the kids back from Italy? 你从意大利给回来给孩子们带了什么？
I brought a I-shirt back for Mark.我给马克带回来一件T恤衫。

34.bring sb down 打垮，击败
The scandal may bring down the government.那件丑闻可能使政府垮台。

bring sth down
①减少，降低We aim to bring down prices on all our computers.
②使（飞机）着陆The pilot managed to bring the plane down in a field.飞行员设法将飞机降落在一处田里。

③击落Twelve enemy fighters had been brought down.有十二架地方的战斗机别击落。

④打倒（动物）；打落鸟He brought down the bear with a single shot.他一枪就撂倒了那头熊。

35.bring sb/sth in
①提出（新法案）They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.他们想提出一项限制武器出口的议案。

②吸引，引入We need to bring in a lot more new business.我们得引进更多的新业务。

③赚得；挣How much does she bring in now?
36.bring sth out
①使显现，使表现出bring out the best/worst in sb 把某人最好的方面/最丑陋的一面诱发出来
A crisis brings out the best in her. 危机促使她表现出她做好的一面。

Alcohol just brings out the worst in her. 喝酒把她最丑陋的一面都诱发出来了。

②使…明显，显示出，使…得以发挥
Fatherhood seem s to have brought out his sense of responsibility.当父亲后，他似乎有了责任感。

That dress really brings out the colour of your eyes. 那件衣服果真能衬托出你眼睛的颜色。

③出版，生产，推出
The band have just brought out their second album.这个乐队刚刚推出了他们的第二张专辑。

37.bring sb up抚养，养育，教养be brought up as…/be brought to do sth
He was brought up by his aunt.
I was brought up as a Catholic. 我是在天主教的教育下长大了。

They were brought up to respect authority. 他们从小就被教导尊敬权威。

bring sth up
①提出I shall bring up this question at the next meeting. 我将在下次会议上提出这个问题。

②呕吐to bring up your lunch 把午饭吐出来
③调出，使显示在计算机屏幕上
Click with the right mouse button to bring up a new menu.单击鼠标的右键，调出另一新菜单。

38.account for
①是…的原因The bad weather may account for the small crowd. 天气不好可能是人来得少的原因。

Recent pressure at work may account for his behavour. 他的行为也许应归因于他最近的工作压力。

②解释，说明
How do you account for the sudden appearance of the murder weapon? 你如何解释凶器的突然消失？
③占…（比例）
Imports from Japan accounted for 40℅of the total.来自日本的进口货物占进口总量的40℅.
39.hang up挂断电话hang sth up /hang up sth 终止使用某物
After I hung up I remembered what I had wanted to say.
Ruth has hung up her dancing shoes.鲁思已挂起舞鞋推出舞台了。

The Chinese sports idol Li Na shocked her fans by ____________her racket(球拍) due to serious injuries in September, on the eve of a tournament in Wuhan, her home city.
A. hanging up
B. putting up
C. breaking up
D. holding up
40.get/go nowhere, get sb nowhere （让某人）毫无进展
We discussed it all morning but got nowhere.我们就此事讨论了一上午，可是毫无进展。

Talking to him will get you nowhere.和他谈话你会一无所获。

nowhere to be found/seen, nowhere in sight 不可能找到(或看见)
The children are nowhere to be seen.根本看不到孩子们在哪儿。

A peaceful settlement is nowhere in sight.近期内看不到和平解决的可能。

41.settle down
①舒适地坐下或躺下
I settled down with a book. 我手拿一本书，舒舒服服地坐下。

②定居下来，过安定的生活
When are you going to get married and settle down?你什么时候成家，安定下来？
③（使某人）安静下来，平静下来
It always took the class a while to settle down at the start of the lesson.
那个班一上课总得过一会儿才能安静下来
④settle (down)to 开始认真对待；定下心来做
They finally settled down to a discussion of the main issues.他们终于开始讨论一些主要问题了。

He found it hard to settle to his work.他觉得定不下心来工作。

settle for sth将就，勉强接受
4
42.figure out
5。