仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习语法精讲
(完整版)仁爱版英语八年级上知识点归纳
Topic 1 What’s your favorite sport?重点词语:1. almost(反义词)never2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner?3.ski(现在分词)skiing4.famous(比较级)more famous5.arrive(同义词)reach6.leave(过去式))left?7.popular(最高级)most popular 8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health (1)?词组1.?during the summer holidays?? 在暑假期间2.?between…and… 在两者之间3.?cheer sb. on 为某人加油4.?prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事5.?quite a bit/a lot 很多6.?plan to do sth. 计划做某事7.?have a skating club 举办滑雪俱乐部去滑雪、滑冰、骑车、爬山、远足9.?arrive in 到达10.?play against… 与……对抗/较量11.?for long 很久12.?leave for… 动身去…后天就是The Day After Tomorrow.14.?places of interest 名15.?胜打棒球17.?at least 至少善于做某事,即be good at参加全世界21.?be good for 对……有益22.?a good way 一种好方法Keep fit or maintain health.24.?relax oneself 放松某人自己重点句型你最喜爱的运动是什么?26.?Which sport do you prefer? = Which sport do you like better? 你更喜欢什么运动?I prefer skating. = I like skating better. 我更喜欢滑雪.你常滑雪吗?或Do you often skate?28.?She spends at least half an hour in the gym every day. 每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.29.?She plays baseball pretty well and she is also good at jumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.30.?What kind of sports do you like? = Which sport do you like? 你喜欢哪种运动? 重点语言点31.?see sb. do sth? “看见某人做了某事” 强调动作的全过程,常与every day; often 等连用.see sb. doing sth.? “看见某人正在做某事” 强调动作正在进行.I saw you play basketball almost every day during summer holidays.I often see him draw pictures near the river. 我常看见她在河边画画.I saw her go across the street.? 我看见她过了马路我看见她正在过马路。
完整)仁爱版八年级英语上册语法
完整)仁爱版八年级英语上册语法UNIT 1 Topic 1 语法精讲Be going to + 动词原形Be going to + 动词原形用于表示说话人根据现有的迹象判断将要或即将发生某种情况。
这种句子的主语可以是人或物。
例如:明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。
(已有告示)我感到难受极了,我想我快不行了。
看看那些乌云!天快要下雨了。
Be going to + 动词原形也用于表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定,即打算在最近或将来进行某事。
这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。
例如:他明天不准备去看他哥哥。
XXX决定长大了当一名教师。
Be going to + 动词原形还可以单纯地预测未来的事情,此时可与will互换。
例如:我认为今晚要下雨。
需要注意的是:1.Be going to 和 will 在含义和用法上略有不同。
Be going to 往往表示事先经过考虑的打算;will 多表示意愿、决心。
两者有时不能互换。
例如:他正努力研究,准备参加考试。
(不能用will替换)我来。
(不能用be going to替换)2.在 if 之后,通常不用will表示预言,但可以用be going to表示意图。
例如:你若今晚去看电影,最好带着外套。
Be going to 也常可以用于主句之中。
例如:如果你邀请XXX,那就会有麻烦。
在条件从句中,will 可以用作情态动词来表示将来的意愿。
例如:如果你愿意学踢足球,我可以帮助你。
以下是课堂小测:1、要小心,火车即将到来。
A。
will come B。
C。
comes D。
is coming2.看那些云,恐怕很快就会下雨了。
A。
is going to rain B。
is XXX3.收音机说后天会下雪。
A。
is going to snow B。
is XXX4.他明天下午会去买些东西吗?A。
Will…does B。
is going to do C。
is…doing D。
Shall… do第2页共15页UNIT 1 Topic 3 语法精讲随堂测试1、明天下午将会有一次会议。
仁爱版八年级上册英语期末复习知识点整理
仁爱版八年级上册英语期末复习知识点整理U1T11、Be going to do sth.(后面加动词原形,表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,意为“准备;打算”,也表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作)否定句:be not going to do sth.疑问句:be sb. going to do sth.?特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+sb. going to do sth.?2、see sb. do sth.看见某人做某事,强调看见事情的全过程或事情的经常性、重复性发生see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事,强调动作正在进行。
类似单词watch,hear等3、cheer sb. on为……加油,向……欢呼(宾语放在中间)cheer sb. up(使)……振作/高兴起来(宾语放在中间)4、practice sth.练习某事practice doing sth.练习做某事5、prefer(过去式preferred,现在分词preferring)=like better用法:(1)prefer sth.更喜欢某物(2)prefer A to B 相对于B更喜欢A(3)prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事(4)prefer doing A to doing B相对于做B事喜欢做A事6、join & join inJoin:后加团队,组织,俱乐部Join in=take part in=be in:后加活动7、wish & hopewish(1)wish+从句(2)wish to do sth.希望做某事(3)wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事hope(1)hope +that从句(2)hope to do sth.希望做某事8、a bit=a little有一点,修饰形容词a bit of+不可数名词=a little+不可数名词quite a bit/a little=quite a lot相当多地9、句式:主语+be+数词+量词+形容词Eg.He is 2.26 meters tall.10、(1)play for为……效力(2)play against与……比赛(3) play with 玩某物/与某人玩11、dream of/about(doing)sth.梦见……12、grow(过去式grew)(1)做“生长”讲,不及物动词Eg:The flowers grow very well.(2)做“种植”讲,及物动词Eg:I grow some flowers in my garden.13、spend & cost & takeSpend(人做主语)花费时间和金钱Sb. spend…in some place某人在某地度过多长时间Sb. spend…(in) doing sth.某人花费时间或金钱做某事Sb. spend…on sth.某人在某事上花费金钱或时间Cost(物做主语)花费金钱Sth. cost sb. some money某物花费某人多少钱Take(it做主语)花费时间It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间14、be good/bad for…对……有益处/害处15、exercise n.锻炼,做操,练习,习题v.锻炼do exercise 做运动、做锻炼do eye exercises 做眼保健操(分节时exercise加-s)do morning exercises 做早操16、be good at 擅长于…的be good at sth.=do well in sth.擅长某事be good at doing sth.=do well in doing sth.擅长做某事17、keep healthy= keep fit 保持健康18、make & keepMake(1)make+宾语+adj.“使…保持…”Eg: You make me happy.(2)make+宾语+n.Eg: We made him monitor.(3)make+宾语+do sth.=ask+宾语+to do sth.Eg: My mom makes me clean the room.=My mom asks me to clean the room.(4)make+宾语doing sth,使某人一直做某事Keep(1)keep+adj.Eg:Keep quiet.(2)keep+宾语+adj“使…保持….”Eg:These gloves will keep your hands warm.(3)keep doing sth. 一直做某事(4)keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事(5)keep a pet 养一个宠物19、be popular with sb.对某人来说很受欢迎(受到某人的喜爱)20、arrive in+大地点(城市、国家……)到达……arrive at+小地点(乡村、车站……Attention:飞机场是小地点)到达……Attention:arrive,get 后可直接加地点副词21、leave 离开(过去式为left)leave (A) for B (从A处)动身前往B地Attention:leave是趋向动词,常用现在进行时表将来,类似动词还有:come,go,arrive,stay等Leave还可以当“把……留下”22、excited人感到兴奋的exciting (物)令人感到兴奋的类似的词还有:interested---interesting relaxed---relaxingbored---boring surprised---surprisingshocked---shocking tired---tiring等等23、a number of+可数名词复数=many+可数名词复数“大量的,许多的”谓语动词用复数The number of+可数名词复数,“…的数量”,谓语动词用单数Number用large,small修饰& Price用high和low修饰,U1T21、One of+可数名词复数,表示“……其中之一”,其谓语动词用单数2、fall ill生病,得病(fall为系动词,后面加形容词)be ill & fall illfall ill强调动作,短暂性动词词组,不能和“for+时间段”连用be ill强调状态,是持续性行为,可以和“for+时间段”连用3、be glad to do sth.乐意做某事4、句式:Would you mind (not)+v.-ing+其它?回答:I am sorry… /I’d afraid you’d better not.(委婉拒绝)Certainly not./Of course not./No, not at all./Never mind.(赞同和接受对方建议) 其它用法:(1)Would you mind+形容词性物主代词/宾格+doing sth.Eg: Would you mind my/me smoking here?(2)Would you mind +if 从句?Eg:Would you mind if I smoke ?=Would you mind my smoking?5、双宾语结构:kick sth. to sb.=kick sb. sth.把某物体给某人pass sth. to sb.=pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人6、shout to sb.冲某人高声喊shout at sb.冲某人(生气地)叫喊,有骂的含义7、have a fight(n.) with sb.=fight(v.) with sb.与某人争论或打架Attention:fight for sth.为……而奋斗fight against…与……作斗争(争吵)8、do one’s best=try one’s best尽某人最大努力do one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事9、be angry with sb.因某人而生气be angry with sb. for sth. 因某人做了某事而生气be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气10、be sorry for/about (doing) sth.因(做了)某事而感到抱歉11、have fun (in ) doing sth.在做某事中获得了极大乐趣12、be sure that +从句,表示确信……如果sure后面的主语和前面的主语是同一个,就用“be sure to do sth.如果不是同一个主语就用“be sure that……”补充:be sure of/about……对…确信/肯定/有把握,后面可以是名词或代词13、(1)at first起初,一开始First of all首先,尤为重要的是(反义词组at last)(2)so that…(引导目的状语从句)“为了…,以便于…”& so+adj./adv.+that…(引导结果状语从句)“如此…以至于…”拓展:too…to…“太…以至于不能…”not …enough to “不足够…做某事”14、throw…through…“扔…穿过…”15、throw…away扔掉,抛弃throw…around(about)乱扔throw…into把…扔进…throw…out of…把…抛出去16、stop sb. (from) doing sth.=prevent…(from)doing sth.=keep…from doing sth.阻止某人做某事17、for example& such asfor example+句子,前为句号,后有逗号,可放在句首、句中、句末such as+名词或名词性短语,放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间,前为逗号,后没有逗号18、(1)some of+[C]复数/宾格人称代词复数,谓语动词用复数,意为“…其中一些…(2)some of+[U],谓语动词用单数拓展:many of+可数名词复数,“…中的很多(人或事)”much of+不可数名词“…中的很多”19、turn… into…将…变成…Turn & get & becomeTurn,指性质、品质、状态、颜色放生变化,后面加形容词或名词turn A into B“把A变成B”Get,多用于口语,表示一种变化过程,强调“渐渐变得”,后面加形容词的比较级Become,多指身份、职位等的变化,强调变化的结果,后面加形容词20、用v.-ing表示伴随状语,前后两句中间有逗号21、hit one’s head=hit sb. on the head打某人的头22、be+v.-过去分词,表示被动23、by(prep.)+doing sth. 通过某种方式去做某事24、be angry at/about sth.对于某事很生气U1T31、Sb. do sth. for the first time.=It’s the first time for sb. to do sth.=It’s one’s first time to do sth.这是某人第一次去做某事2、Let’s make(约定) it half past six.Attention:这里的时间前不加at3、a symbol of(名词词组),“…的标志”Stand for(动词词组),“代表,象征”4、each+可数名词单数,“每一个”5、Every:①every+可数名词单数②句式:every+基数词+名词复数Eg: every four years“每四年,每隔三年”every three days“每三天,每隔两天”6、have the chance to do sth.有机会去做某事7、one day 有一天,可用在将来时,也可以是过去时the other day 不久前的一天,用于一般过去时8、be able to do sth.(可用于各种时态)=can do sth.(只有一般现在时和一般过去时)“能够做某事”9、with the help of sb. =with one’s help 在某人的帮助下10、be going to & will & shall(一般将来时)a)be going to+动词原形①表示打算、近期要做的事情②有迹象表明即将发生的事b)will+动词原形①表示带意愿色彩的将来或客气的邀请或命令时②表示说话人认为某事会发生③客观事情的发生与主观愿望或判断无关c)shall+动词原形,主语为第一人称①表示未来的事实或对将来的预测②表示带意愿色彩的将来或客气的邀请或命令时d)be+v.-ing表示将来(位移动词):start/leave/fly/move/go/stay/come/arrive等11、for the first time“首次,第一次”在句子中做时间状语12、make friends交朋友make friends with sb. 与……交朋友U2T11、well:①adj.表示身体好的,健康的②adv.好地2、What’s wrong with sb.?=What happened to sb.?某人怎么了?3、have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/fever头疼/牙疼/背疼/胃疼/发烧have the flu 患流感严重的病可用terrible或bad来修饰4、I’m sorry+动词不定式,或I’m sorry +that 从句表示对所做错事的一种歉意或听到不好消息时的委婉表达5、should,情态动词,常用来建议或告诫别人该做什么不该做什么,后面加动词原形(否定形式:shouldn’t)6、had better do sth.最好做某事had better not do sth.最好不要做某事7、现在完成时句子基本构成:have/has+动词的过去分词(have和has是助动词,无意义)8、take sb. to sp.带某人去某地9、have a rest=take a rest休息一下10、suggest=advise建议(v.)suggest sb.(not) to do sth.advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)去做某事suggestion(可数)=advice(不可数)建议(n.)一条建议a piece of advice两条建议two pieces of advice11、take pills(pill,可数,专指药丸)take medicine(medicine,不可数,泛指药)Attention:吃药不能用have和eat12、feel like(介词) doing sth.=want to do sth.=would like to do sth. 想要做某事13、nothing,something,anything等不定代词碑形容词修饰时,形容词放其后14、while & when(引导时间状语从句)当……时候While:①动词必须是延续性动词②从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时③强调主句的动作在从句的动作发生过程中When:①动词可以是短暂性动词,也可以是延续性动词②主句用过去进行时,从句一般用一般过去时③从句和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生15、need:①sb. need sth.“某人需要某物”②sb. need to do sth.“某人需要做某事”③sth. need doing sth.=sth. need to be+过去分词“某物需要被…”Attention:在否定句种和疑问句中need为情态动词16、run to sb.向某人跑去run into sb.撞到某人17、hurt:vt.使伤心,伤害(强调动作)vi.受伤,受疼痛(强调状态)adj.受伤的,痛的18、check over=look over仔细检查(代词放中间Eg:check me over)19、help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth.20、ask:请两天的假:ask for two days’ leave =ask for two-day leaveask for help请求,恳求ask sb. for help向某人求救(call sb. for help向某人打电话求救)21、return to=go back to返回…(当地点为地点副词时,去掉to)22、too much+不可数名词“太多…”much too+形容词“太…”too many+可数名词复数too much 放在动词后,表示“做某事太多次”23、thanks/thank you for sth./doing sth.因为(做)某事而感谢某人24、接受建议:follow(take)the advice25、worry & worriedSb. worry about sth.(强调担心的动作)Sb. be worried about sth.(强调担心的状态)26、for+时间段,回答由“How long”引导的问句27、take:take medicine(pills)吃药take the temperature 量体温take…to…带某人或某物去某地take away 带走take off 脱下,起飞take…with…随身携带某物U2T21、动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数2、Because(conj.):后面加句子Cause(v.):后面加宾语3、without(prep.)后面加名词、代词、动名词4、must:①情态动词,后面加动词原形②在肯定句中,表示肯定推测,可能性最大③引导一般疑问句,答语:Yes,主语+must.No,主语+needn’t或don’t have to.拓展:表示推测:肯定:must>can>could>may>mightMust语气最强烈,“一定”can理论上可能,但未必会发生,“可能”could再次“can”,“可能”may/might无把握的推测,“也许,可能”(might比may更没有把握)否定:can’t>couldn’t>may not>might notcan’t,语气最强烈,“一定不“couldn’t,比can’t语气弱,表示某事不一定真实,“可能不”may not和might not(无把握的)否定推测,“或许不”用于疑问句的推测,一般只用can和could5、say表示电话、报纸、广播、布告、电视上说,不一定能真正意义上说出声,但表达传递出了一定的内容6、even adv.通常置于所修饰词之前,若有助动词放助动词后,还可修饰比较级(还有alot,much,a little)7、ask sb.(not) to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事tell sb.(not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)做某事8、give up:①后加宾语(名词、代词、动名词)②加代词作宾语,宾语放中间(give it up)9、enough:①adj. “充分的,足够的”,加名词②adv.“充分地,足够地”,修饰形容词和副词,放其后③n. “足够”10、主过从过:主句用过去时,宾语从句也用过去时Eg: She said it might cause illness.主将从现:主句用将来时,状语从句用一般现在时表将来Eg: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will play soccer.as soon as “…就马上…”引导时间状语从句,此句型“主将从现”Eg: I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing.11、照顾好某人:①care for sb. very well.②look after sb. very well.③take good care of sb.12、强迫某人(不要)做某事Force sb. (not) to do sth.13、感官动词:taste sound feel look smell尝起来,听起来,感觉起来,看起来,闻起来(感官动词后面加形容词)14、Could & maycould:①can的过去式②在疑问句中表示委婉请求may:①表推测,可能,用于肯定句中②表请求、许可,意为“可以”,可和“can”互换(表请求时用于第一人称的一般疑问句时,否定回答用mustn’t或can’t)③表祝愿15、do harm to sb.对某人有害16、not only…but(also)…不仅…而且…,并列两个对等的句子成分。
仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习PPT课件
多音节词和部分双音节词
在词前加more或most eg: beautiful--more beautiful-most beautiful
serious--more serious--most serious
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写在最后
经常不断地学习,你就什么都知道。你知道得越多,你就越有力量 Study Constantly, And You Will Know Everything. The More
回答:Yes, I was./ No, I wasn't
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感 叹 句 篇
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感叹句:表示喜怒哀乐等强 烈情感的句子
构成:1. What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数 名词+主语+谓语!
eg: What a beautiful girl ! 2.What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不 可数名词+主语+谓语!
eg: What beautiful girls ! What sweet music !
what用于修饰形容词短语 7
构成:3. How+形容词(副词)+主语+ 谓语!(how用来修饰形容词、副词或 动词。)
eg: How ugly! How quickly the boy is writing
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比 较 篇
9
形容词的比较等级
形容词的三个比较等级:原级,即原形;比 较级、最高级。 表示两者的比较时用比较级 He is taller than him. 他比他高。 表示三者或三者以上中“最……”时,用最 高级。 He is the shortest of the three. 他是三 人中最矮的。
仁爱科普版八年级上册英语期末知识点总结 短语+语法+功能句
仁爱科普版八年级上册英语期末知识点总结短语+语法+功能句八年级上学期英语课本基础知识总结unit 1短语“运动话题”作文可参考短语●join +队伍加入●take part in+项目参加……●be in+项目参加……●join in+项目参加……✧be good at doing sth 擅长做某事✧do well in doing sth 在某方面做得好◆be bad for doing sth对…不好◆do badly in doing sth在..做的不好✓do o ne’s best to do sth尽最大努力做某事✓try one’s best to do sth尽最大努力做某事 for example 例如 such as 例如the finish line 终点线make friends交朋友relay race接力赛keep trying 继续努力a sports meet 运动会be good for sth 对某事有益be able to do sth.能做某事win the first place 赢得第一名do sports=do exercises 做运动锻炼the boys’ relay race 男子接力赛the boys’ 800-meter race 男子八百米比赛it is important for sb to do sth. 对某人而言做某事很重要其他短语:●fall ill 病倒●be ill 生病✓Why not do sth?为什么不做某事?✓Why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事?✧do sb. a favor帮某人一个忙✧give sb a hand 帮助某人✧help sb 帮助某人keep fit=keep healthy保持健康leave for 去(某地)get to到达come into being 形成、产生neck and neck 齐头并进cheer...on 为……加油table tennis 乒乓球grow up 成长stand for 代表、象征A symble of... ...的象征shout at sb对某人大喊at first 期初in the future 将来the day after tomorrow 后天all over 遍及,到处at least 至少a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法be angry with sb/sth 对某人生气agree with sb 同意某人spend+时间/金钱+doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事mind doing sth.(mind not doing sth) mind if+句子stop sb from doing sth.阻止某人做某事so that 目的是……see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事。
仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习语法精讲
仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习语法精讲Unit 3-topic1——Used toused to do sth.意为“以前常做某事;过去常常做某事”。
1. 表示过去的习惯、状态;常用过去形式;时态不变。
e.g. I used to go fishing on Sundays. 我以前常在星期日去钓鱼。
2.与一般动词相同;否定句用didn’t use to;也可用used not/usedn’t to;但常用didn’t use to。
e.g. He didn’t use to drink.=He u sed not to drink. 他以前不经常喝酒。
3.其疑问句常用Did…use to…?也可用Used…to…?e.g. Did you use to be a teacher?=Usedyou to be a teacher?你以前是老师吗?4.有时省略前述的动词以避免重复。
e.g. I don’t smoke these days;but I used to. 我现在不抽烟;但我以前抽。
表示“习惯于某事”;注意它与usedto do sth.的区别。
e.g. You will soon get used to our way of living. 你将很快习惯我们的生活方式。
He is used togetting up early. 他习惯了早起。
Unit 3-topic2——感叹句感叹句用来表达说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。
感叹句一般有以下结构:1. What + (a/an) + 形容词+名词+主语+动词+其他!e.g. What a good idea (it is)!真是个好主意!What aninteresting story (it is)!这是个多有趣的故事啊!2. How +形容词/副词+主语+动词+其他!e.g. How hardhe works!他工作是多么努力啊!How cold (itis) today!今天多冷的天啊!注意:What引导的感叹句;如果名词是可数名词单数;即用What a/an +形容词+...!如果名词是复数或不可数;前面不加a/an;即用What +形容词+名词+...!e.g. What beautiful flowers! 多漂亮的花啊!What bad weather! 多糟糕的天气啊!一些比较特殊的感叹句仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习语法精讲e.g. Hi!你好!Wonderful!精彩极了!2. 短语e.g. Hands up!举起手来!Too bad!太糟糕了! 3. 句子a. 陈述感叹句e.g. That’s a good idea!真是个好主意!b. 疑问感叹句通常用否定句式谓语e.g. Isn’t it a lovely view!多美啊!仁爱英语八年级上册期末复习语法精讲过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。
仁爱版八年级英语上册语法
U N I T1T o p i c1语法精讲be going to+动词原形1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象;判断将要或即将发生某种情况..这类句子的主语可以是人;也可是物..例如:There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛..已有告示I feel terrible.I think I'm going to die. 我感到难受极了;我想我快不行了..Look at those black cloudsIt's going to rain. 看看那些乌云天快要下雨了..2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定;即打算在最近或将来进行某事..这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的..例如:He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥..Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师..3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事;此时可与will互换..例如:I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨..注意:1be going to和will在含义和用法上略有不同..be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算;will多表示意愿、决心..两者有时不能互换..例如:He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习;准备参加考试..不能用will替换—Can somebody help me ——谁能帮我一下吗—I will. ——我来..不能用be going to替换2在if之后;通常不用will表示预言;但可以用be going to表示意图..例如:If you are going to go to the cinema this evening;you'd better take your coat with you. 你若今晚去看电影;最好带着外套..be going to也常可以用于主句之中..例如:If you invite Jack;there's going to be trouble. 如果你邀请杰克;那就要惹麻烦了..如果表示将来的意愿;will可用于条件从句..此时will为情态动词..例如:If you will learn to play football;I'll help you. 如果你想学踢足球;我可以帮你..课堂小测1、Be careful. The train ____d.A. will comeB.C. comesD. is coming2. Look at those clouds. It ___a__ soon; I'm afraid.A. is going to rainB. is rainingC. will rainD. won't rain3. The radio says it ____c__ the day after tomorrow.A. is going to snowB. is snowingC. will snowD. snows4. _b___ he _____ some shopping tomorrow afternoonA. Will…doesB. is going to doC. is…doingD. Shall… doUNIT 1 Topic 2 语法精讲UNIT 1 Topic 3 语法精讲随堂测试1、 There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be2. Charlie ________ here next month.A. isn’t workingB. doesn’t workingC. isn’t going to workingD. won’t work3. He ________ very busy this week; he ________ free next week.A. will be; isB. is; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to haveC. will haveD. is going tobe5. –_____ you ______ free tomorrow –No. I _____ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.A. will givesB. will giveC. givesD. giveUNIT 2 Topic 1 语法精讲UNIT 2 Topic 2 语法精讲UNIT 2 Topic 3 语法精讲情态动词用法总结:情态动词的语法特征:1 情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情;只表示期待或估计某事的发生;2 情态动词除ought 和have 外;后面只能接不带to 的不定式..3 情态动词没有人称;数的变化;即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s..4 情态动词没有非谓语形式;即没有不定式;分词;等形式..一、比较can 和be able to1can could 表示能力;可能过去时用could;只用于现在式和过去式could..be able to可以用于各种时态..They will be able to tell you the news soon. 他很快就能告诉你消息了..2只用be able toa. 位于助动词后..b. 情态动词后..c. 表示过去某时刻动作时..d. 用于句首表示条件..e. 表示成功地做了某事时;只能用was/were able to; 不能用could..He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out.注意:could不表示时态1提出委婉的请求;注意在回答中不可用could..—— Could I have the television on—— Yes; you can. / No; you can't.2在否定;疑问句中表示推测或怀疑..He couldn't be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人..二、比较may和might1 表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首;表示祝愿..May God bless youHe might be at home.注意: might 表示推测时;不表示时态..只是可能性比may 小..2 成语: may/might as well;后面接不带to 的不定式;意为"不妨"..If that is the case; we may as well try三、比较have to和must1 两词都是'必须’的意思;have to 表示客观的需要; must 表示说话人主观上的看法;既主观上的必要..My brother was very ill; so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害;我只得半夜里把医生请来..客观上需要做这件事He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作..主观上要做这件事2 have to有人称、数、时态的变化;而must只有一种形式..但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务..He had to look after his sister yesterday.3 在否定结构中: don't have to 表示"不必"mustn't 表示"禁止";You don't have to tell him about it. 你不一定要把此事告诉他..You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他..四、must表示推测1 must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测;意为"一定"..2 must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时; must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式..You have worked hard all day.You must be tired. 你辛苦干一整天;一定累了..对现在情况的推测判断He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢..比较:He must be staying there. 他现在肯定呆在那里..He must stay there. 他必须呆在那..3 must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时;must 要接完成式..I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话;我想必是睡着了..4 must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测;must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式..——Why didn't you answer my phone call——Well; I must have been sleeping; so I didn't hear it.5 否定推测用 can't..If Tom didn't leave here until five o’clock; he can't be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿;他此时一定还未到家..五、表示推测的用法can; could; may; might; must 皆可表示推测;其用法如下:1情态动词+动词原形..表示对现在或将来的情况的推测;此时动词通常为系动词..I don't know where she is; she may be in Wuhan.2情态动词+动词现在进行时..表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测..At this moment; our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.这时;我们老师想必在批改试卷..3情态动词+动词完成时..表示对过去情况的推测..We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了..The road is wet. It must have rained last night.地是湿的;昨天晚上一定下雨了..4情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时..表示对过去正在发生事情的推测..Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你..5推测的否定形式;疑问形式用can't; couldn’t表示..Mike can't have found his car; for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车;因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的..注意:could; might表示推测时不表示时态;其推测的程度不如 can; may..六、should 和ought toshould 和ought to 都为"应该"的意思;可用于各种人称..——Ought he to go——Yes. I think he ought to.表示要求;命令时;语气由 should应该、had better最好、must必须渐强..七、 had better表示"最好"had better 相当于一个助动词;它只有一种形式;它后面要跟动词原形..had better do sthhad better not do sthIt is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.She'd better not play with the dog.had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果;意为"本来最好"..You had better have come earlier.八、 would rather表示"宁愿"would rather dowould rather not dowould rather… than…宁愿……而不愿..还有would sooner; had rather; had sooner都表示"宁愿"、"宁可"的意思..If I have a choice; I had sooner not continue my studies at this school.I would rather stay here than go home. = I would stay here rather than go home.九、 will和would注意:1would like; Would like to do = want to 想要;为固定搭配..Would you like to go with me2Will you… Would you like… 表示肯定含义的请求劝说时;疑问句中一般用some; 而不是any..Would you like some cake3否定结构中用will;一般不用would; won't you是一种委婉语气..Won't you sit down十、情态动词的回答方式问句肯定回答否定回答Ne ed you… Yes; I must. No;I needn'tMust you… /don't have to.十一、带to 的情态动词带to 的情态动词有四个:ought to; have to; used to; be to; 如加上have got to ;=must; be able to;为六个..它们的疑问;否定形式应予以注意:Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the monthShe didn't use to play tennis before she was fourteen.You ought not to have told her all about it.Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.ought to 本身作为情态动词使用..其他的词作为实义动词使用;变疑问;否定时;须有do 等助动词协助.. 典型例题Tom ought not to ___ me your secret; but he meant no harm.A.have toldB.tellC.be tellingD. having told答案A..由于后句为过去时;告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前因;此地应用过去完成时;但它在情态动词 ought to 后;所以用 have..十二、比较need和dare这两词既可做实义动词用;又可做情态动词用..作为情态动词;两者都只能用于疑问句;否定句和条件句.. need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to;而dare作实义动词用时; 后面的to 时常可以被省略..1 实义动词: need 需要; 要求need + n. / to do sth2 情态动词: need;只用原形need后加do;否定形式为need not..Need you go yet Yes; I must. / No; I needn't.3 need 的被动含义:need; want; require; worth形容词后面接doing也可以表示被动:need doing = need to be done随堂测试1. —Must I finish my homework today—No; you _______.A. can’tB. needn’t.C. mustn‘t.D. may not2. —_______ I speak to Mary— Mary Speaking.A. MustB. NeedC. MayD. Shall3. This math problem is too hard. Nobody _______ do it.A. may notB. mayC. can‘tD. can4. —Can you speak Japanese—No; I _______.A. can‘tB. mustn’tC. may notD. needn‘t5. You _______ stop when the lights are red.A. mayB. canC. shouldD. must6. You _______ play football in the street. It‘s dangerous.A. can‘tB. shouldn’tC. mustn‘tD. wouldn’tUNIT 3 Topic 1 语法精讲UNIT 3 Topic 2 语法精讲随堂小测1. What a friendly person _______ We all like talking with him.A. is itB. is heC. it isD. he is2. _______ swimming in this riverA. How great funB. What great funC. How a great funD. What a great fun3. _______ sad news it is We must try our best to help them out of trouble.A. What aB. WhatC. How aD. How4. What _______ fine weather we have these daysA. aB. theC. /D. an5. _______ lovely day Let’s go fo r a walk.A. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a6. _______ dangerous it is to ride on a busy roadA. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How aUNIT 3 Topic 3 语法精讲随堂小测1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell; was ridingB. fell; were ridingC. had fallen; rodeD. had fallen; was riding2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.A. slipped; was lookingB. had slipped; lookedC. slipped; had lookedD. was slipping; looked3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.A. had seen; was pickingB. saw; pickedC. had seen; pickedD. saw; was picking4.I don ' t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space.A. just staredB. was just staringC. has just staredD. had just stared5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time.A. has workedB. was workingUNIT 4 Topic 1 语法精讲随堂测试1. Which lesson is __________ difficult in Book 22. Alice writes _____________carefully than I.3. This story is ____________ interesting than that one.4. That was one of _________ exciting moments in 2008.5. This kind of food must be ________ delicious than that one.6. Beihai park is one of ____________ beautiful parks in Beijing.7. Who’s ________careful; Tom;Jim or Kate8. That is ________easy of all.9. He is __________clever boy in the class.10. John is ________ short than Tom.UNIT 4 Topic 2 语法精讲UNIT 4 Topic 3 语法精讲特别注意以下几种反意疑问句1. 陈述部分含否定意味的词few; little; never; nothing; nobody; no;hardly; none;附加疑问句应使用肯定形式但前缀词unhappy; unlike; disapp ear等列外eg. They are unhappy; aren’t they2.陈述部分的主语是everything; something; nothing; anything时;附加疑问句的主语应用it;陈述部分的主语是everybody; somebody; nobody; ever yone; no one时;附加疑问句的主语应用they..eg.1Everything is ready; ___________2Everyone is here; ____________3.陈述部分是祈使句时;附加疑问句一般用:will you 但注意:Let’s … ; shall weLet us … ; will you4.陈述部分含must时;附加疑问句一般用needn’t.eg. I must finish my work now; _________5.陈述部分是there be结构时;应用there be结构来完成..eg. There’s little water; ___________6.陈述部分含宾语从句时;疑问部分通常与主句一致..但当主句的谓语动词是think; believe且主语是I ; we时;即:I / We think believe + 宾从;则附加问句应与从句一致..I’m sure + 宾从也是如此eg.1She said I did it; ____________2We don’t think you are right; ________3I’m sure you’ll help me; ____________7.I’m… ; aren’t Ieg.I am older than you; __________8.陈述部分含had better; 疑问部分应用had better来回答..eg. You’d better go out ; ___________9.陈述部分是感叹句;附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致..eg. 1What a kind girl; __________2What a fine day; ___________练习1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday; _____A. didn’t youB. did not youC. had not youD. did you2.Don’t ea t too much; ____A. will youB. don’t youC. do youD. can you3.Lily looks like Lucy; ____A. is LilyB. isn’t sheC. does LilyD. doesn’t she4.—You didn’t change your mind; did you--- ______.A. No; I didn’tB. Yes; did IC. No; I didD. Yes;I didn’t。
期末复习易错知识归纳课件仁爱版英语八年级上册
●5. 含to do的短语总结 ●fail 失败;未成;ask 要求;叫;喊 wish 希望 ●decide 决定;help 帮助 ;refuse 拒绝 ;hope 希望 ●plan 计划 ;have a chance有机会 tell 告诉
would like想要
●5. 含 do的短语总结 ● 1)情态动词+动词原形 ●2)see/hear/notice sb do sth 看见/听见/注意到某人经常
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The students will not go to thepark if it doesn’t
rain tomorrow.
谢谢大家!
● 2. There will be
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There is/are going to be 将会有/是...
● 3.主将从现
● 含义;主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时
● 适用主将从现的连接词:
be/get used to doing习惯做某事(to是介词)
(四)spend/take/cost/pay 花
●3. join /join in / take part in/be in 加入;参加 ● join +团体、政党、个人、组织等 ● join in +活动/比赛 ● take part in +活动/比赛 ● be in 表加入后的状态,有延续性
●4. 含doing的短语总结 ● keep保持;practice练习;finish完成;mind介意 ● like喜欢;enjoy喜欢; spend花费; ● succeed in成功; suggest建议 ● be busy忙于;be fond of喜欢
●3. 过去完成时中,when和while的区别
仁爱英语八年级语法知识点
仁爱英语八年级语法知识点在英语学习的过程中,语法是一个非常重要的方面。
仁爱英语八年级语法知识点是非常基础的,但不可忽视。
下面将为大家介绍仁爱英语八年级的语法知识点。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时用于表示习惯或经常发生的动作。
肯定句:主语+动词(s/es)+其他例句:I usually go to bed at 10pm.(我通常在晚上十点上床睡觉。
)否定句:主语+do/does+not+动词+其他例句:I do not like coffee.(我不喜欢咖啡。
)疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词+其他?例句:Do you like swimming?(你喜欢游泳吗?)2. 现在进行时现在进行时用于表示目前正在进行的动作。
肯定句:主语+am/is/are+动词+ing+其他例句:I am reading a book.(我正在看书。
)否定句:主语+am/is/are+not+动词+ing+其他例句:He is not playing basketball.(他没有在打篮球。
)疑问句:Am/Is/Are+主语+动词+ing+其他?例句:Are you studying English now?(你现在在学习英语吗?)3. 一般过去时一般过去时用于表示已经发生的动作或状态。
肯定句:主语+动词(d/ed)+其他例句:I watched a movie last night.(昨晚我看了一部电影。
)否定句:主语+did+not+动词+其他例句:She did not go to school yesterday.(昨天她没有去上学。
)疑问句:Did+主语+动词+其他?例句:Did you play soccer yesterday?(昨天你踢足球了吗?)4. 现在完成时现在完成时用于表示已经发生的动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
肯定句:主语+have/has+动词(d/ed)+其他例句:I have finished my homework.(我已经做完作业了。
仁爱英语期末复习 八年级上册知识点 总结
Unit1 Topic 1 I ’m going to play basketball.1. I often saw you play basketball during the summer holiday.see sb do sth 看见某人做了某事(强调全过程)I saw her go across the street. 我看见她过了马路see sb doing sth 看见某人做了某事(正在做)I saw her going across the street. 我看见她正在过马路[类似的有watch,hear,feel 等这类感观动词.]其中的 do sth 和 doing sth 都属于宾补成分Would you like to join us to play volleyball ? 你想要加入我们一起打排球么? Are you going to join the school rowing team? 你将要加入校划船队么?She is going to takepart in the high jump and Who will join in the 100-meter race? 谁参加100赛跑?3. --Which sport do you prefer,swimming or rowing?= Which do you like better, swimming or rowing? 那种运动你更喜欢,游泳还是划船? ①prefer doing sth ②prefer sth ③prefer A to B4.---What are you going to be when you grow up? ---I ’m going to be a scientist. be=become 成为5.She spends half an hour exercising in the gym everyday. 她每天花半小时在体育馆锻炼。
2022-2023重庆市仁爱版初中英语八年级上册期末重点知识梳理(上)
【教学标题】八年级上册期末重点知识梳理(上)【教学目标】1. 通过期末考点梳理进一步掌握知识点,查漏补缺知识点2. 进一步掌握形容词比较级与最高级的用法3. 评讲单选练习,通过单选中涉及的知识点进一步查漏补缺【教学重点】1、一般将来时:will/ shall + 动词原形;be going to+ 动词原形2、过去进行时:was/were+ 动词原形3、形容词的比较级与最高级用法:“比较级+than”“比较级+than+ any other+单数名词”“比较级+and+比较级”“the+比较级,the+比较级”“the+最高级+比较范围”(比较范围常用of, in, among引导的短语表达)“one of+ the+最高级+名词复数”【教学难点】情态动词:should(shouldn’t),had better(had better not)的用法【教学内容】※考点 1 一般将来时will/ shall + :表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,或将来反复发生的动作。
be going to+ :表示计划、打算、有目的做某事表示将来的时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in five years, in the future, next week/month/year【特别注意】1.There be句型用于一般将来时:= .2.一些表示位移的动词可以用进行时表将来:come/ go/ arrive/ leave等【过手练习】1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.A. will be going toB. will going to beC. is going to beD. will go to be2. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.A. will be; isB. is; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be3. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.A. wasB. is going to haveC. will haveD. is going to be4. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?–No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will beD. Are; going to be; will be※考点 2 双宾语双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语):指人:间接宾语;指物:直接宾语结构:V.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+ sb.e.g. bring me the book=bring the book to meV.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+ sb.e.g. buy me a computer=buy a computer for me可带两个宾语的词:bring, buy, do, give, lend, pass, tell, show, teach, hand, send, write等【过手练习】1. Kate _________ English and I _________ Chinese.A. teaches us, teach sheB. teaches we, teach sheC. teaches us, teach herD. teaches our, teach her2. This is my new book. Let me _________.A. to show you itB. show it to youC. show it youD. to show it to you3. How nice the bag is! Let's _________.A. buy it himB. buy him themC. buy it for himD. buy them it4. This is Jim's kite, please _________.A. give it to hisB. give it for himC. give it to himD. give it to he ※考点 3 mindWould/ Do you mind…? 注:would比do更加委婉Would/ Do you mind (not)+ doing …?Would/ Do you mind+ if从句?【过手练习】1. Would you mind _______ down the music?A. not to turnB. not turnC. turningD. to turn2. ---Would you mind _______ the room?---Certainly not. I’ll do it right away.A. cleanB. cleanedC. cleaningD. to clean3. ---Would you mind not playing the piano so loudly?---_______I’ll play it more quietly.A. Never mindB. I’m sorryC. No, please.D. Not at all.4. --- Would you mind football near the theater?--- I’m sorry about that. I’ll go somewhere else.A. no playingB. not playingC. don’t playingD. don’t play5. ---Nick, would you mind out of the bathroom?---Sorry, I won’t be long.A. comeB. to comeC. comingD. not coming ※考点 4 情态动词4.1 情态动词:should(shouldn’t),had better(had better not)的用法e.g. We should save water.You should not eat too much meat.e.g. You had better go to see a doctor.4.2情态动词must(mustn’t)must考点:(1)must表示必须;must be表示肯定推测e.g. The man in black shirt must be his father.e.g. Must she study hard? Yes, she must. No, she doesn’t have to.(3)mustn’t表示.e.g. Students mustn’t cheat in the exam.【过手练习】1.—Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___.A. needn'tB. mustn'tC. can'tD. may not2. You ___ be late for school again next time.A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. don't have toD. don't need to3. The children___ play football on the road.A. can'tB. canC. mustn'tD. must4. I missed the last bus, so I ____ go home on foot.A. mustB. have toC. mayD. had to5. If you have a headache, you _______ lie down for a good rest.A. shouldn’tB. had better notC. had betterD. mustn’t6. —He looks so tired(疲惫的). He had better _______to have a rest.A.to stopB. stopC. stopsD. stopping※考点 5 过去进行时过去进行时:表示在过去某一具体时间或某一段时间正在进行的动作常用时间状语:then, at this/that time yesterday, at nine last night, when/while+过去的句子【过手练习】1. --- Did you see a girl in red pass by just now?--- No, sir. I _______ a newspaper then.A. readB. am readingC. would readD. was reading2. I _______ a shower at this time last night.A. am takingB. was takingC. tookD. will take3. --- What was Mike doing at 9:30 last night?--- He _______ in the bath room at that time.A. is taking a showerB. took a showerC. was taking a showerD. takes a shower※考点 6 形容词的比较级与最高级10.1 比较级和最高级的构成(1)规则变化(5点)(2)不规则变化10.2 用法比较级考点:a.“比较级+than” e.g. Cats aremore lovely than other animals.b.“less+原级+than” e.g. This article is less difficult than that one.c.“比较级+than+ any other+单数名词”e.g. He is taller than any other boy in his class.d.“比较级+and+比较级”e.g. She is becoming more and more beautiful.e.“the+比较级,the+比较级” e.g. The more, the better.f.“the+比较级+of the two” e.g. He is the taller of the two.【特别注意】1. 如果比较对象相同,可再用that/those代替第二个比较对象e.g. The weather in Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan.The eggs in this basket are more than those in that basket.2. 比较级可用much, a little, a lot, even等修饰,使原来的比较级在语意上更加明确e.g. He runs much faster than me.Chickens are much smaller than cows.最高级考点:a.“the+最高级+比较范围”(比较范围常用of, in, among引导的短语表达)e.g. She is the oldest of these children.Lily is the youngest in her class.b.“the+序数词+adj.最高级+名词”e.g. The yellow river is the second longest river in China.c.“one of+ the+最高级+名词复数”e.g. This river is one of the longest rivers in our hometown.d.“the+最高级”e.g. Monday is the busiest day.【特别注意】最高级前要加定冠词the,但如果最高级前有形容词性物主代词,名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。
仁爱科普版八年级上册英语期末知识点总结短语+语法+功能句
八年级上学期英语课本基础知识总结unit 1短语“运动话题”作文可参考短语join +队伍加入take part in+项目参加……be in+项目参加……join in+项目参加……be good at doing sth 擅长做某事do well in doing sth 在某方面做得好be bad for doing sth对…不好do badly in doing sth在..做的不好do one’s best to do sth尽最大努力做某事try one’s best to do sth尽最大努力做某事?for example 例如?such as 例如the finish line 终点线make friends交朋友relay race接力赛keep trying 继续努力a sports meet 运动会be good for sth 对某事有益be able to do sth.能做某事win the first place 赢得第一名do sports=do exercises 做运动锻炼the boys’ relay race男子接力赛the boys’ 800-meter race 男子八百米比赛it is important for sb to do sth. 对某人而言做某事很重要其他短语:fall ill 病倒be ill 生病Why not do sth?为什么不做某事?Why don’t you do sth?为什么不做某事?do sb. a favor帮某人一个忙give sb a hand 帮助某人help sb 帮助某人keep fit=keep healthy保持健康leave for 去(某地)get to到达come into being 形成、产生neck and neck 齐头并进cheer...on 为……加油table tennis 乒乓球grow up 成长stand for 代表、象征A symble of... ...的象征shout at sb对某人大喊at first 期初in the future 将来the day after tomorrow 后天all over 遍及,到处at least 至少a good way to do sth 做某事的好方法be angry with sb/sth 对某人生气agree with sb 同意某人spend+时间/金钱+doing sth. 花费时间/金钱做某事mind doing sth.(mind not doing sth) mind if+句子stop sb from doing sth.阻止某人做某事so that 目的是……see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事。
仁爱版八年级上册英语语法总复习大纲
八年级上册期末考试复习Unit1 Topic1be going to+V原.型:表示方案、打算、有目的做某事注:以下两种情况不能用该构造(1)临时决定要做某事e.g. Someone is knocking at the door, and I will open it.(2)客观必然会发生的事,自然规律e.g. Tomorrow will be Sunday.People will die without water.Unit1 Topic2双宾语〔直接宾语和间接宾语〕:指人:间接宾语指物:直接宾语构造: V.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+to sb.e.g. bring me the book=bring the book to meV.+sb.+sth.=V.+sth.+for sb.e.g. buy me a computer=buy a computer for me可带两个宾语的词: bring, buy, do, give, lend, pass, tell, show, teach, hand, send, write等Would/ Do you mind⋯?Would/ Do you mind+动名词 ?Would/ Do you mind+ if 从句 ?注: would 比 do 更加委婉should “应该〞表示义务、提出或征询建议,后跟动词原型 e.g. Weshould save water.Unit1 Topic3: will/ shall+V原.型表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,或将来反复发生的动作。
表示将来的时间状语:tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, in five years, in the future, nextweek/month/year注: 1.There be句型用于一般将来时:There will be⋯=There is/are going to be⋯2.一些表示位移的动词可以用进展时表将来:come/ go/ arrive/ leave 等Unit2 Topic1情态动词: should(shouldn’t),had better(had better not) 的用法should 表示义务或责任、劝告或建议,“应该做某事〞e.g. You should not eat too much meat.had better 表示建议,“在目前情况下最好做某事〞e.g. You had better go to see a doctor.注:肯、否、一般疑问句式Unit2 Topic2情态动词: must(mustn’t), may, can1.(1)must 表示必须; must be 表示肯定推测 e.g. The man in black shirt must be his father.(2)must 开头的一般疑问句,肯定答复Yes,主+must.否认答复No,主+don’t/doesn ’thave to.或No,主+needn’t.e.g. Must she study hard? Yes, she must. No, she doesn’thave to.(3)mustn’t表示制止,不允许e.g. Students mustn’tcheat in the exam.2.(1)can 表示能力e.g. Birds can fly.(2)can 表示邀请、允许、请求等,意为“可以,能够〞e.g. Can you come to my birthday party?(3)can 在否认句和疑问句中表示可能性3.(1)may 表示允许,意为“可以〞(2)may 表示推测,意为“可能〞e.g. He can’tbe that boy ’sfather.e.g. May I come in?e.g. She may be still waiting for us.(3)may 表示祝愿e.g. May you have a happy weekend.Unit2 Topic3情态动词 must 和 have to1. must(1)表示必须,强调说话者的主观看法e.g. You must take care of your parents.(2)表示一定〔肯定性推测〕e.g. He must be at home.(3)表示劝告 ,必须要做某事 ,说明事情的必要性与重要性e.g.You must do more exercise.(4)mustn’t表示不允许,制止e.g. You mustn’tplay on the road.2.have to表示不得不,必须,强调客观的需要e.g. If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday.e.g. He has to leave now.反身代词 :(1)作代词或介词的宾语(2)作主语或宾语的同位语Unit3 Topic1used to 的用法 :(1)used to +V原.型“过去常常做某事〞,可以与 but now, but not ⋯any more, but not ⋯anylonger 连用,现在和过去形成对照e.g. I used to watch TV, but now I have to study.否认句 (usedn’t/ used not) /(didn ’tuse) to do sth.; 一般疑问句used/did 开头e.g. He usedn’tto get up early./ He didn’tuse to get up early.e.g. Did you use to be afraid of the dark?(2)usedto+be+adj.“过去常常存在的状态,但现在情况已变〞 e.g. He used to be short, didn’the?注: be used to doing sth./ get used to doing sth. 表示“习惯于⋯〞e.g. He used to get up late, but now he is used to getting up early.Unit3 Topic2感慨句(1)What +(a/an)+adj.+主+谓 ,, !e.g. What a cute boy he is !What fine weather it is!(2)How+ adj./adv.+主+谓 ,, !e.g. How tall she is!How fluently she speaks English!Unit3 Topic3过去进展时:表示在过去某一具体时间或某一段时间正在进展的动作主要构造: was/were +V.ing常用时间状语: then, at this/that time yesterday, at nine last night e.g. Iwas doing my homework at nine last night.Unit4 Topic1&Topic2形容词的比拟级和最高级1、21.用于人或事物之间的比拟,两个人或事物进展比拟时,用比拟级,表示“较,, 〞或“更 ,, 一些〞2.用于三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的比拟时,用最高级,表示一群人或事物中,其中一个“最 ,, 〞3.比拟级和最高级的构成(1)规那么变化:a.一般在词尾加 -er 或-este.g. smaller/smallest younger/youngestb.以 e 结尾的词加 -r 或-ste.g. nicer/nicestc.以“辅音字母 +y 结尾的词〞,变 y 为 i 再加 -er 或-estd.“辅 +元 +辅〞构造的单词,双写结尾的辅音字母再加-ere.多音节和局部双音节词,要在原级前加more 或 moste.g. happier/happiest或-este.g. bigger/biggest构成比拟级或最高级(2)不规那么变化原级比拟级最高级good/wellbad/ill/badlylittlemany/muchfar betterworselessmorefarther/furtherBestWorstLeastMostfarthest/furthest4.用法(1)比拟级a.“比拟级 +than〞 e.g. Cats aremore lovely than other animals.b.“less+原级 +than〞e.g. This article is less difficult than that one.----c.“比拟级 +than+ any other+单数名词〞e.g. He is taller than any other boy in his class.d.“比拟级 +and+比拟级〞e.g. She is becoming more and more beautiful.e.“the+比拟级, the+比拟级〞f.“the+比拟级 +of the two 〞e.g. The more, the better.e.g. He is the taller of the two.注:如果比拟对象一样,可再用 that/those 代替第二个比拟对象 e.g. The weatherin Shanghai is better than that in Wuhan.The eggs in this basket are more than those in that basket.比拟级可用 much, a little, a lot, even 等修饰,使原来的比拟级在语意上更加明确 e.g. He runsmuch faster than me.Chickens are much smaller than cows.(2)最高级a.“the+最高级 +比拟X围〞〔比拟X围常用of, in, among 引导的短语表达〕e.g. She is the oldest of these children.Lily is the youngest in her class.b.“the+序数词 +adj.最高级 +名词〞e.g. The yellow river is the second longest river in China.c.“one of+the+最高级 +名词复数〞e.g. This river is one of the longest rivers in our hometown.d.“the+最高级〞e.g. Monday is the busiest day.注:最高级前要加定冠词the,但如果最高级前有形容词性物主代词,名词所有格等修饰时,那么不用定冠词。
(完整版)仁爱版八年级上册英语知识点汇总(完整版)
八年级上学期英语知识点八年级英语短语总汇Unit1 Topic11.be going to do 打算做某事2.See sb do sth看见某人做某事(全过程)See sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事(正在进行)3.cheer sb on为...加油4.Play against=fight against 与...对抗/大战5.Be against--Be for 反对—赞同6.practice+doing 练习做...7.Prefer+doing 跟喜欢...Prefer doing to doing 或比起做后者,更喜欢做前者Perfer to do, quite a lot/bit/often.Which one do you prefer, which kind of that?10. Join+某人/组织Join in+活动/比赛加入Take part in+活动/比赛Be in+活动/比赛13.Know about... 知道/了解有关于...当时间来临时,我们将采取行动;这是我们的计划。
15. It takes sb+时间/钱 to do sthSpend+时间/钱+(in) doing sth 在某方面花费多少Spend+时间/钱+on+n.物+cost+时间/钱16.There be going to be=there will be 这里将会有...17.Be good at+(doing)sth=Do well in+(doing)sth 擅长做...18.Be sure that+宾语从句确信... 19.Be sure to do 肯定要做...20.Be sure of/about 对...有把握 21.At the weekend 在周末22.Make sb/sth+adj 使...处在什么状态23.Keep+adj 保持...;keep sb/sth+adj 使...保持什么状态24.A way to 一种...的方法 25.Relax oneself 使某人自己放松26.Play for 为...效力27.Arrive in=get to=reach+大地方;Arrive at+小地方28.Excited(人);exciting(物)29.Leave for动身做某地;leave A for B 离开A地去B地Unit1 Topic21.Could you(not)....=cuold/would you please(not)do=would/do youmind(not)doing=Would you mind (not)+if+从句2.fall ill=be ill 生病其中之一是n的复数形式.优化后的文本可以是:Use 'keep doing' for continuous action and 'keep on doing' for repeated action with intervals.5.Help sb.=give sb a hand 帮助某人6.V.+间宾(人)+直宾(物)=V.+直宾+to/for+间宾7.Sure=certainly=of course 当然8.Not at all=certainly not=of course not 不介意9.Never mind=it’s nothing=it’s doesn’t matter 没关系乱扔11.Adj.修饰不定代词放其后12.Be sorry for/about.... 对...感到内疚13.What do you mean by...?=what does...mean?=what’s the meaning of...?意思是什么?14.Shout at sb. 斥责某人15.Do/try one’s best to do sth 尽某人做大的努力做某事16.Be angry with sb. For doing sth 因为某人做某事而生气17.be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气18.be angry with 因...而生气19.With the help of sb.=with one’help 在某人的帮助下20.Say...to sb. 对某人说...e into being=be born 形成/产生22.So...that... 如此...以致...=to...too... 太...而不能...23.A century=one hundred year 一个世纪24.Over=more than 超过25.Through(中间)=aross(表面) 通过阻止他们从做28.It’s + adj +(for sb.)+to do (对某人来说)做...是...29.Another+基数词又一,在一; other +n.复数另外的Around=all_over 处到处31.Just for...只是为了...32.Turn...into... 使...变成...33.Sit around 围坐在34.Get from doing 得到...35.Such as 后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西36.A number of+n.可数复数许多的;the number of+n.单数 ...的数量37.Hero 复数(Pl.) heroesUnit1 Topic31.连字符后不加soman则例外,需用复数。
仁爱版八年级上册英语知识点总结
八年级上英语语法1) leave的用法1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。
例如:When did you leave Shanghai你什么时候离开上海的?2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。
例如:Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如:Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing你为什么要离开上海去北京?2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know 我怎么知道?Why should you be so late today 你今天为什么来得这么晚?should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如:We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点:1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。
此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。
例如:You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。
例如:You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。
should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。
例如:We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
31. what 与which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。
如:What is your father 你父亲是干什么的?该句相当于:What does your father doWhat is your father's jobWhich 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。
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仁爱英语八年级上册Unit3 & 4语法精讲Unit 3-topic1——Used toused to do sth.意为“以前常做某事,过去常常做某事”。
1. 表示过去的习惯、状态,常用过去形式,时态不变。
e.g. I used to go fishing on Sundays. 我以前常在星期日去钓鱼。
2.与一般动词相同,否定句用didn’t use to,也可用used not/usedn’t to,但常用didn’t use to。
e.g. He didn’t use to drink.=He used not to drink. 他以前不经常喝酒。
3.其疑问句常用Did…use to…?也可用Used…to…?e.g. Did you use to be a teacher?=Usedyou to be a teacher?你以前是老师吗?4.有时省略前述的动词以避免重复。
e.g. I don’t smoke these days, but I used to.我现在不抽烟,但我以前抽。
be/get/become used to (doing) sth. 表示“习惯于某事”,注意它与usedto do sth.的区别。
e.g. You will soon get used to our way of living. 你将很快习惯我们的生活方式。
He is used togetting up early. 他习惯了早起。
Unit 3-topic2——感叹句感叹句用来表达说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪。
感叹句一般有以下结构:1. What + (a/an) + 形容词+名词+主语+动词+其他!e.g. What a good idea (it is)!真是个好主意!What aninteresting story (it is)!这是个多有趣的故事啊!2. How +形容词/副词+主语+动词+其他!e.g. How hardhe works!他工作是多么努力啊!How cold (itis) today!今天多冷的天啊!注意:What引导的感叹句,如果名词是可数名词单数,即用What a/an +形容词+...!如果名词是复数或不可数,前面不加a/an,即用What +形容词+名词+...!e.g. What beautiful flowers! 多漂亮的花啊!What bad weather! 多糟糕的天气啊!一些比较特殊的感叹句1. 独词句e.g. Hi!你好! Wonderful!精彩极了!2. 短语e.g. Hands up!举起手来! Too bad!太糟糕了! 3. 句子a. 陈述感叹句e.g. That’s a good idea!真是个好主意!b. 疑问感叹句通常用否定句式谓语e.g. Isn’t it a lovely view!多美啊!Unit 3-topic3——过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。
1.各种句式的构成:(1)肯定句:主语+was/were+现在分词,当主语是第一人称单数和第三人称单数时,助动词be用was,当主语是其他人称时,都用were。
e.g. I/He/She was reading newspaper at that time. 那时我/他/她正在看报纸。
They were watching TV from 8:00 to 9:00 the day before yesterday.前天8点到9点他们在看电视。
(2)否定句:在助动词was/were后面直接加not。
e.g. He was not playing football when I saw him. 当我看到他的时候,他没在踢足球。
(3)一般疑问句及回答:把助动词was/were提到句首变为一般疑问句,回答肯定形式是Yes,主语+ was/ were ;否定形式是No,主语+ was/were+not。
e.g. Was hesinging? Yes, he was./No, he wasn’t.他在唱歌吗?是的,他在唱。
/不,他没有。
2.过去进行时的用法:(1)表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,常与时间状语at thattime, at that moment, this timeyesterday, at nine yesterday morning等表示过去的时间状语以及由as, when,while 引导的时间状语从句连用。
e.g. I wasteaching my little brother at that time last night. 昨天晚上那个时候我在教我的小弟弟。
What were youdoing when I called you last night? 昨天晚上我给你打电话时你在干什么? (2)表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常与时间状语those days,that week, last night 等连用。
e.g. They wereplanting trees those days.那些天他们在植树。
He was visiting Beijing that week. 那周他在参观北京。
3.过去进行时和一般过去时的区别:(1)过去进行时强调动作的进行性和连续性;一般过去时强调发生过的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作结果,说明有过这件事。
e.g. I was doing my homework yesterday.昨天我在做作业。
I did my homework yesterday.昨天我做了作业。
(2)当叙述过去发生的事,尤其是过程中发生的一系列动作时,都用一般过去时。
e.g. I began to do some reading at seven. ThenI went to bed at ten. 我7点钟开始看书。
然后10点上床睡觉。
Unit 4-topic1——形容词的比较级(Ⅰ)形容词有三个比较等级:原级(positive degree);比较级(comparative degree),表示“较……”或“更……一些”;最高级(superlative degree),表示“最……”。
表示两者比较时用比较级;表示三者或三者以上的比较时用最高级。
e.g. Lucy is older than Mary. 露西比玛丽大。
Li Ming is the tallest in his class.李明是他们班最高的。
形容词比较级和最高级的构成:形容词的比较级和最高级的变化分为规则变化和不规则变化。
(1)规则变化:①一般在词尾加er或est。
e.g. fresh—fresher—freshest; long—longer—longest; few—fewer—fewest②以字母e结尾的形容词,加r或st。
e.g.strange—stranger—strangest; late—later —latest③以重读闭音节结尾的词,词尾只有一个辅音字母时,应双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est。
e.g. hot—hotter—hottest; big—bigger—biggest; wet—wetter—wettest④以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,先改y为i,再加er或est。
e.g.happy—happier—happiest; healthy—healthier—healthiest⑤部分双音节词和多音节词前面加more或most构成比较级或最高级。
e.g. beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful; dangerous—more dangerous—most dangerous;active—more active—most active(2)不规则变化:good/well—better—best;little/few—less—least; many/much—more—most; bad/ill—worse—worst;far—farther/further—farthest/furthest。
Unit 4-topic2——形容词比较等级(Ⅱ)1. 形容词原级的用法:(1)肯定句式:A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B,表示A和B一样。
e.g. Lucy is as old as Lily. 露西和莉莉一样大。
(2)否定句式:A+be+not+so/as+形容词原级+as+B,表示A不如/没有B……e.g. Mary is not as/so careful as I. 玛丽没有我细心。
2. 形容词比较级的用法:(1)A+be+形容词比较级+than+B,表示A比B更……e.g. This apple is bigger than that one.这个苹果比那个大。
(2)比较级+and+比较级,表示渐变过程,意为“越来越……”。
e.g. The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气越来越暖和了。
(3)the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越……就越……”。
e.g. The more,the better. 越多越好。
(4)比较级+than anyother+单数名词,表示“比起任何一个更……。
”e.g. Tom is taller than any other student in his class.汤姆比起班上的其他人都高。
比较级+than+the other+复数名词,表示“比起其他所有的……更……”。
e.g. Tom is taller than the other students in his class.汤姆比起班上的其他人都高。
(5)表示数量的词+形容词比较级。
e.g. I am two years older than Lily.我比莉莉大两岁。
(6)表示倍数的词+形容词比较级。
e.g. Our school is twice larger than theirs.我们的学校比他们的大两倍。
(7)表示比较A和B,哪一个更……e.g. Which is more interesting, English or Chinese?英语和汉语哪一个更有趣?(8)the+比较级+of the two,表示“两个中更……的”e.g. He is the taller of the two.他是两人中较高者。
3. 形容词最高级的用法:(1)the+最高级+of/in表示“在……中最为……”,在一定的地域空间内用in,在同类事物范围内进行比较用of。
e.g. China isthe largest country in Asia.中国是亚洲最大的国家。