专题10负荆请罪 2019年高考160个成语故事中英文对比阅读(第二编)

负荆请罪 (fù jīng qǐng zuì)

Meaning

【解释】负：背着；荆：荆条。背着荆条向对方请罪。表示向人认错赔罪。

【近义词】引咎自责

【反义词】兴师问罪

【相似词】请罪、负罪感、紫荆、荆州、荆棘、披荆斩棘、大意失荆州、请客

【英译】To offer a humble apology.

Learning Chinese

1、只怪我们用错了人，应当负荆请罪。

2、昨天言语多有冒犯，今天特来负荆请罪，请您多包涵。

3、当年廉颇向藺相如负荆请罪，是有感于藺相如的宽容大度。

4、你最好是负荆请罪，我相信他会原谅你。

5、我今天来是向你负荆请罪的，昨天我不该出言不逊，实在对不起，请你原谅。

6、既然已知是自己的错，除了负荆请罪以求对方宽容，还有什么好办法？

7、廉颇负荆请罪的行为所以被肯定，就是大家佩服他知错能改的勇气。

8、正是因为廉颇敢于负荆请罪，史上才有了“将相和”的佳话。廉颇和蔺相如后来结成了刎颈之交。

Chinese version

成语故事视频——负荆请罪

“负荆请罪”出自《史记•廉颇蔺相如列传》。战国时期，廉颇是赵国有名的良将，他战功赫赫，被拜为上卿，蔺相如“完璧归”有功，被封为上大夫。不久，又在渑池秦王与赵王相会的时候，维护了赵王的尊严，因此也被提升为上卿，且位在廉颇之上。廉颇对此不服，扬言说：“我要是见了他，一定要羞辱他一番。” 蔺相如知道后，就有意不与廉颇会面。别人以为蔺相如害怕廉颇，廉颇为此很得意。可是蔺相如却说：“我哪里会怕廉将军？不过，现在秦国倒是有点怕我们赵国，这主要是因为有廉将军和我两个人在。如果我跟他互相攻击，那只能对秦国有益。我之所以避开廉将军，是以国事为重，把私人的恩怨丢一边儿了！” 这话传到了廉颇耳朵里，廉颇十分感动，便光着上身，背负荆杖，来到蔺相如家请罪。他羞愧地对蔺相如说：“我真是一个糊涂人，想不到你能这样地宽宏大量！”两个人终于成为生死之交。

这个故事也称之为“将相和”。后人利用这个故事，将主动认错、道歉，自请严厉责罚的人的行为称之为“负荆情罪”。

English version

In the Warring States Period (战国, 475-221 BC), Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were both officials of the State of Zhao. Having done outstanding service, Lin Xiangru was promoted above Lian Po. Not very happy, Lian Po announced that he intended to disgrace Lin the next time they met. Lin Xiangru, putting the benefit of the country first, avoided meeting Lian Po in order not to cause conflict, thus bringing severe criticism on himself.

Lin Xiangru explained that it was not because he was afraid of Lian Po that he avoided meeting

him. It was obvious that they two were so strong that no enemy would defeat their country, if they joined together.

Later when Lian Po knew the truth he realised his mistake. He was so ashamed that he went to Lin’s home carrying brambles (bushes with thin sharp points on their long branches) on his naked back and asked for punishment.

This idiom indicates acknowledging one’s mistake and offering a sincere apo logy.

【模拟考场】

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the Warring States Period (战国, 475-221 BC), Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were both 1 (office) of the State of Zhao. 2 (do) outstanding service, Lin Xiangru 3 (promote) above Lian Po. Not very happy, Lian Po announced that he intended 4 (disgrace) Lin the next time they met. Lin Xiangru, putting the benefit of the country first, avoided meeting Lian Po in order not to cause conflict, thus bringing severe criticism on 5 (him).

Lin Xiangru explained that it was not 6 he was afraid of Lian Po that he avoided meeting him. It was obvious that they two were so 7 (strength) that no enemy would defeat their country, if they joined together.

Later when Lian Po knew the truth he realised his mistake. He was so ashamed that he 8 (go) to Lin’s home carrying brambles (bushes 9 thin sharp points on their long branches) on his naked back and asked for punishment.

This idiom indicates acknowledging one’s mistake and offering 10 sincere apology.

【答案与解析】

4. 填to disgrace。考查非谓语动词。intend to do sth.“打算作某事”，只能用不定式作宾语，故填

to disgrace。