social_work社会工作专业简介
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themselves, and to encourage the poor to save and
economize. One of the remedies used was house-to-
house visitation of the poor.
• 早期社会福利组织的插图是贫困的社会预防,由约翰 Griscom创立于1820年。这个社会旨在调查穷人的习 惯和环境,建议计划由穷人可以帮助自己,并鼓励穷人保 存并节约。使用的补救措施之一是挨家挨户的探视的 穷人。
• 社会工作的职业是相对近期的来源。试图满足人生活 在城市地区,第一个社会福利机构是在1800年代初。这 些机构,或服务,私人和开发主要在牧师和宗教团体的开 始。untile 1900年代这些神职人员提供专门的服务和 富裕的“慈善机构”,没有正式的培训和小理解人类行 为或如何帮助人们
• An illustration of an early social welfare organization was the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism,
• Charity organizations conducted a detailed investigation of each applicant for services and financial help, maintained a central system of registration of client to avoid duplication ,and used volunteer friendly visitors extensively to work, with those in difficulty.The friendly visitors were primarily “doers of good works” as they generally gave sympathy rather than money and encouraged the poor to save and to seek employment.Poverty was viewed as a personal shortcoming.Most of the friendly visitors were women.
the Charity Organization Society
• By the latter half of the 1800s there were a fairly large number of private relief agencies that had been established in large cities to help the unemployed,the poor, the ill, the physically and mentally impaired, and orphans. Programs of these agencies were uncoordinated and sometimes overlapping.Therefore an English invention—the Charity Organization Society(COS) —caught the interest of a number of American cities.
The settlement movement
• Concurrent with the COS movement was the establishment of settlement houses in the late 1800s;Toynbee Hall was the first setБайду номын сангаасlement house, established in 1884 in London;many others were soon formed in larger U.S.cities.
• The Elizabeth Poor Law (1601); • do-gooders; • the Charity Organization Society; • the settlement movement; • Social Diagnosis; • the National Association of Social Workers;
• Since 1900s there has been a growing awareness by social agency boards and the public that professionally trained social workers are needed to provide social services competently.
Chapter1 Overview of social work
2010.9
CONTENT
1
History of social work
2
What is the social work
3
Social work practice
4 Social work model and method
History of Social work
The Elizabeth Poor Law
• After the enclosure movement, the thieves,hooligans and beggars who increased social unrest dramatically .So in 1601,British Royal Family enacted a new regulation:Poor Relief Act.It’s main contents are :the Diocese of residents and property owners to the poor tax collection,in order to make a living from the poor to the inability to grant relief.Diocese of the Church through the unemployed in the labor organizations, orphans, school-age work arrangment.
do-gooders
• Social work as a profession is of relatively recent origin.To attempt to meet the needs of people living in urban areas,the first social welfare agencies were developed in the early 1800s.These agencies,or services,were private and were developed primarily at the initiation of clergymen and religious groups. Up untile the early 1900s these services were provided exclusively by clergymen and affluent “do-gooders” who had no formal training and little understanding of human behavior or of how to help people.
The National Association of Social Workers
• Not until the end of World War Ⅰdid social work begin to be recognized as a distinct profession.
• The depression of the 1930s and the enactment of the Social Security Act in 1935 brought about an extensive expansion of public social services and job opportunities for social workers.
• Many of the early settlement house workers ere daughters of ministers.The workers were from the middle and upper classes who would live in a poor neighbourhood so they could experience the harsh realities of poverty.Simultaneously,they sought to develop ways in cooperation with neighbourhood residents to improve living conditions.
• In charity organization societies private agencies joined together to :
• (1)provide direct services to individuals and families;
• (2)plan and coordinate the efforts of private agencies to meet the pressing social problems of cities;
founded by John Griscom in 1820.This society aimed
to investigate the habits and circumstances of the
poor, to suggest plans by which the poor could help
• Settlement houses used change techniques that are now called social group work,social action, and community organization.
• On the one hand settlement houses placed their emphasis on “environmental reform”;
• The most noted leader in the settlement house movement was Jane Addams of Hull House in Chicago;
Social Diagnosis— Mary Richmond
• In 1917 Mary Richmond published Social Diagnosis, a text that presented for the first time a theory and methodology for social work.The book focused on how the worker should intervene with individuals.The process is still used today and involves study(collecting information),diagnosis(stating what is wrong)prognosis, and treatment planning(stating what should be done to help clients improve).This book was important as it formulated to common body of knowledge for casework.
economize. One of the remedies used was house-to-
house visitation of the poor.
• 早期社会福利组织的插图是贫困的社会预防,由约翰 Griscom创立于1820年。这个社会旨在调查穷人的习 惯和环境,建议计划由穷人可以帮助自己,并鼓励穷人保 存并节约。使用的补救措施之一是挨家挨户的探视的 穷人。
• 社会工作的职业是相对近期的来源。试图满足人生活 在城市地区,第一个社会福利机构是在1800年代初。这 些机构,或服务,私人和开发主要在牧师和宗教团体的开 始。untile 1900年代这些神职人员提供专门的服务和 富裕的“慈善机构”,没有正式的培训和小理解人类行 为或如何帮助人们
• An illustration of an early social welfare organization was the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism,
• Charity organizations conducted a detailed investigation of each applicant for services and financial help, maintained a central system of registration of client to avoid duplication ,and used volunteer friendly visitors extensively to work, with those in difficulty.The friendly visitors were primarily “doers of good works” as they generally gave sympathy rather than money and encouraged the poor to save and to seek employment.Poverty was viewed as a personal shortcoming.Most of the friendly visitors were women.
the Charity Organization Society
• By the latter half of the 1800s there were a fairly large number of private relief agencies that had been established in large cities to help the unemployed,the poor, the ill, the physically and mentally impaired, and orphans. Programs of these agencies were uncoordinated and sometimes overlapping.Therefore an English invention—the Charity Organization Society(COS) —caught the interest of a number of American cities.
The settlement movement
• Concurrent with the COS movement was the establishment of settlement houses in the late 1800s;Toynbee Hall was the first setБайду номын сангаасlement house, established in 1884 in London;many others were soon formed in larger U.S.cities.
• The Elizabeth Poor Law (1601); • do-gooders; • the Charity Organization Society; • the settlement movement; • Social Diagnosis; • the National Association of Social Workers;
• Since 1900s there has been a growing awareness by social agency boards and the public that professionally trained social workers are needed to provide social services competently.
Chapter1 Overview of social work
2010.9
CONTENT
1
History of social work
2
What is the social work
3
Social work practice
4 Social work model and method
History of Social work
The Elizabeth Poor Law
• After the enclosure movement, the thieves,hooligans and beggars who increased social unrest dramatically .So in 1601,British Royal Family enacted a new regulation:Poor Relief Act.It’s main contents are :the Diocese of residents and property owners to the poor tax collection,in order to make a living from the poor to the inability to grant relief.Diocese of the Church through the unemployed in the labor organizations, orphans, school-age work arrangment.
do-gooders
• Social work as a profession is of relatively recent origin.To attempt to meet the needs of people living in urban areas,the first social welfare agencies were developed in the early 1800s.These agencies,or services,were private and were developed primarily at the initiation of clergymen and religious groups. Up untile the early 1900s these services were provided exclusively by clergymen and affluent “do-gooders” who had no formal training and little understanding of human behavior or of how to help people.
The National Association of Social Workers
• Not until the end of World War Ⅰdid social work begin to be recognized as a distinct profession.
• The depression of the 1930s and the enactment of the Social Security Act in 1935 brought about an extensive expansion of public social services and job opportunities for social workers.
• Many of the early settlement house workers ere daughters of ministers.The workers were from the middle and upper classes who would live in a poor neighbourhood so they could experience the harsh realities of poverty.Simultaneously,they sought to develop ways in cooperation with neighbourhood residents to improve living conditions.
• In charity organization societies private agencies joined together to :
• (1)provide direct services to individuals and families;
• (2)plan and coordinate the efforts of private agencies to meet the pressing social problems of cities;
founded by John Griscom in 1820.This society aimed
to investigate the habits and circumstances of the
poor, to suggest plans by which the poor could help
• Settlement houses used change techniques that are now called social group work,social action, and community organization.
• On the one hand settlement houses placed their emphasis on “environmental reform”;
• The most noted leader in the settlement house movement was Jane Addams of Hull House in Chicago;
Social Diagnosis— Mary Richmond
• In 1917 Mary Richmond published Social Diagnosis, a text that presented for the first time a theory and methodology for social work.The book focused on how the worker should intervene with individuals.The process is still used today and involves study(collecting information),diagnosis(stating what is wrong)prognosis, and treatment planning(stating what should be done to help clients improve).This book was important as it formulated to common body of knowledge for casework.