though、although、even though、despite和 in spite of 的用法区别

在表达”让步“时，though，although，even though 为连词，可以连接状语从句；而 despite 和 in spite of 为介词，后面跟名词及词组、代词和动名词，despite of 和 in despite of 都是错误的用法，不应该使用。

一、despite 和 in spite of 是同义词，意为“即使，尽管；尽管（自己）不愿意”，在写作中，相比于 in spite of，despite 更为正式一点或是使表达更为简洁，两者经常可以互换，例如：

Kate went to the carnival despite/in spite of the rain.

尽管下雨，凯特还是去了狂欢节。

Ruth woke up feeling refreshed despite/in spite of Dave calling at midnight.

露丝醒来时感到神清气爽，尽管戴夫半夜打电话来。

I want to go for a run despite/in spite of this rain.

尽管下雨，我还是想去跑步。

Despite/in spite of eating McDonalds regularly Tina remained slim.

尽管蒂娜经常吃麦当劳，但她仍然很苗条。

Despite/in spite of myself, Harry's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.

哈里的话让我不由自主地停下来细想。

The blunt comment made Richard laugh despite/in spite of himself. 这番率直的话让理查德不由自主地大笑起来。

二、despite 和 in spite of 的反义词是 because of，例如：

Julie loved Tom in spite of his football obsession.

尽管汤姆痴迷足球，朱莉还是爱他。

Julie loved Tom because of his football obsession.

朱莉爱汤姆是因为他对足球的痴迷。

三、despite 和 in spite of 经常跟 the fact 连用，例如：

She bought a new pair of shoes despite the fact that she already had 97 pairs.

她买了一双新鞋，尽管她已经有97双了。

She went to the cinema in spite of the fact that she was exhausted.

尽管她筋疲力尽，她还是去看电影了。

He still loves her, despite the fact that she left him.

尽管她离开了他，他仍然爱好。

Despite the fact that the disease is so prevalent, treatment is still far fro m satisfactory.

尽管疾病肆虐，治疗却远不尽如人意。

四、despite 和 in spite of 可以放在句首和句首，位置不同时，强调的重点不同，例如：

She liked ice cream despite having sensitive teeth. ---->强调喜欢吃冰激凌

她还是喜欢冰淇淋，尽管牙齿敏感。

Despite having sensitive teeth, she went liked ice cream. ---->强调牙齿敏感

尽管牙齿敏感，她还是喜欢吃冰淇淋。

五、though、although 和 even though 的区别

1、although 和 though同义，在一般情况下，可以互换使用。只是though 较普遍，常用于非正式的口语或书面语中，而 although 则较为正式。另外 although 语气比 though 重，常用以强调让步概念，例如：

Though/Although my car is very old, I don't want to buy a new one. 虽然我的汽车很旧，但我不想买一辆新的。

He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.

虽然我警告他不要做，但他仍然坚持要做。

He was in love with her, although he did not put that name to it.

他爱着她，虽然他没有将其称为爱。

2、even 能和 though 组合表示强调，但 even 不能和 although 组合。因此，不能说 even although，在这里 even though=even if(no matter if; though 即使……也……)，例如：

Even if/Even though we could afford it, we wouldn't go abroad for our vocation.

即使我们付得起这笔钱，也不出国度假。

3、当让步状语从句指某种假设情况时，通常用 though，而不用 although，例如：

Though all the world were against me, I should still hold to my opinion.就算全世界都反对我，我还是坚持我的立场。

Though everybody deserts you, I will not.

即使所有人都抛弃你，我也不会的。