译林版五年级英语下册语法知识点总结

五年级下册知识点

一、名词（单数，复数，不可数）

1.单数 a fairy , a toothache (two fairies )

an art room/ English teacher / idea / umbrella ( a.e.i.o.u)

2.复数 1.一般直接+s：trains，students，

2.以s. x. sh.ch结尾，加es：bus-buses，class-classes，

3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i，加es：library—libraries

hobby---hobbies city——cities family——families

4. 以o结尾的，加es：potato，tomato ,mango,黑人（Negro）,英雄（hero）

5.不规则名词复数： man-men， woman-women， policeman-policemen

child-children foot-feet，tooth-teeth

3. 不可数bread,meat,soup, milk,juice,tea , rice …

二、人称代词

1.主格：I we you you he she he it they

★2.宾格：me us you you him her him it them

try it/them on help me/him/her

What’s wrong with him/her/them? eat them

be bad for us Let me/us….do(动词原形)

give it a cake come to see him

Fit me well (非常适合我，这里不用very，用well即可，其他场合的很/非常要加very)

3.形容词性物主代词：my our your your his her its their

★三、介词

1、表示时间的：

①in ＋月份：in January ，in April

②in the morning /afternoon/evening

③in ＋季节：in winter

④on ＋具体日期on the 23rd of June

⑤at ＋具体时刻at five o’clock

2、表示节日的：

①at Spring Festival at Christmas / Halloween

②on Mother’s Day （单数）on Children’s Day 在儿童节（复数）

3、表示地点的：（far from/near/next to/beside/behind/between/under/in/on/at）

①at the party / at the prince’s house / at the traffic lights / at the bus stop

at Park Station / at home/school

②on your left

③on Moon Street / in Sunshine Town

★四、季节和月份

Spring is in March,April and May. warm

Summer is in June，July and August. hot

Autumn is in September,October and November. cool

Winter is in December,January and February. cold

★五、基数词和序数词

基数词：one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen

eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one thirty ···序数词：first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth ···

twentieth twenty-first thirtieth thirty-second

序缩写：

十九nineteen,九十ninety, 第十九nineteenth,第九十ninetieth;

六、哪些情况加动词原形：

1.can /should /would

2. let

3.助动词do/does

4.to

练习：1.Su Hai should ______(take) some medcine.

2.Let’s go and ______（have）a party.

3.______(do)Nancy ______ (like) _______(dance) ?

4.Cinderella has to ______(come) back before 12 o’clock.

七、哪些情况加动词ing

1.be

2. go

3.be good at

4.like

5.what /how about

注意：动词ing形式也叫作动词的现在分词（-ing），变化规则：

（1）直接加ing：draw——drawing play——playing

（2）以不发音的e结尾的，去e加ing：dance——dancing skate——skating make——making have——having write——writing live——living

come------coming ride -------riding drive------driving

（3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅元辅”结构的，双写末字母加ing：swim——swimming run——running chat——chatting

sit——sitting put ——putting shop——shopping

get-----getting

练习：1.Let’s go ________(swim) this afternoon.

2.You’re really good at _________(skate).

3._____(be) your uncle ______(read) books now?

4.How about ________(watch) a film?

★八、现在进行时

表示：正在进行的动作或存在的状态。（now/listen/look）

构成: be(is/am/are) ＋动ing

例：特殊疑问句 1. What are you doing? I am sweeping the floor.

2. Where are you going? I am going to the playground.

一般疑问句 1.Are you cooking tomato soup? Yes,I am./No, I’m not.

2.Is he looking for some juice? Yes, he is./No,he isn’t.

九、一般现在时

表示：经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。