2017高考英语一轮复习 专题突破14 语法填空之时态语态

专题技能突破(14)

语法填空之时态语态

【技能讲解】 1.若括号内提供的是动词，一般需要根据语境变成恰当的时态，如过去时、进行时、完成时；2.当主语和动词是被动关系时，还需要变成被动语态。

典例剖析

1.[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]It was raining lightly when I ________ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.

[答案]arrived 根据语境判断本空处时态应该和was一致，应填arrived。

2．[2015·广东高考]While making great efforts to run away, she ________ (fall) over the hill and died.

[答案]fell 根据上下文的时态推断用过去时fell。

3．[2016·陕西咸阳模拟]In order to get good marks in the coming exam, my son ________ (study) late every night in the past three weeks.

[答案]has been studying 句意：为了在即将来临的考试中获得好成绩，在过去的

3周内我儿子每晚都学习到深夜。根据时间状语“in the past three weeks”可知设空处应该用现在完成进行时。

4．[2015·广东高考]He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what ________ (leave)．[答案]was left 根据语境判断出what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作主语，leave 和what之间是被动关系，应填was left。

5．Mrs Weldon ________ (weigh) only fifty kilograms, she looks as if she is very weak.

[答案]weighs weigh有及物动词、不及物动词两种用法，作及物动词时是“称……的重量”，作不及物动词时是“重……”，根据句意，应该是“Mrs Weldon重……”，所以weigh在本句中作不及物动词，无被动。再综合下文looks的时态，应填weighs。此处学生容易误填is weighed，有类似用法的还有measure。

6．[2015·天津高考]Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ________ (reach) so far by the two sides.

[答案]has been reached 根据so far可知，应用现在完成时，而agreement与谓语动词之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态。

技能点拨对时间状语的分析，可以帮助判断合适的时态，如since, so far等常用完成时，ago, the other day等常用过去时。在对时态判断完成后，还要考虑语态是主动还是被动，综合时态语态的运用，才能做对题。

技能演练

用括号内单词的正确形式填空

1．What Tai Chi does for the body ________ (attract) the attention of western scientists until now.

答案：has attracted 由until now判断使用完成时。

2．Since then, the little cloud ________ (travel) all over the world, enjoying the views of all the forests and beautiful countryside.

答案：has travelled 由 since then 判断使用完成时。

3．He ________ (eat) something at home when he received a strange phone call from a hospital.

答案：was eating “be doing...when...”固定用法。

4．Most of people think that the use of cellphones should ________ (ban) while they are driving, because in that case accidents can easily happen.

答案：be banned 开车打电话应是“被”禁止，注意ban，需双写n加ed。

5．Each year approximately 110 teachers and experts ________ (employ) from more than twenty countries to teach at BFSU.

答案：are employed 分析语境应用被动语态，注意employ后直接加ed，不需要变y 为i。