语言学--Pragmatics ppt课件

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• Speech acts is a term derived from the work of the philosopher J. L. Austin (1962) and now used to refer to a theory which analyzes the role of utterances in relation to the behavior of the speaker and the hearer in interpersonal communication. It aims to answer the question “What do we do when using language?”
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6.2.3 Anaphora
• You need to know: definition of anaphora, antecedent, anaphor indirect anaphora and direct anaphora
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6.2.4 Presupposition
• a. Can I look at your Shakespeare? • b. Sure, it’s on the shelf over there. • You need to know • inference: process • reference: the act
9ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
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6.2.2 Deixis
• You need to know: definition of deixis five types of deixis
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definition of deixis
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five types of deixis
• Person deixis • Time deixis • Space deixis • Discourse deixis • Social deixis
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6.1 Introduction
• You need to know the definition of pragmatics the differences between grammatical analysis
and pragmatic analysis
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Today is Sunday.
• the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.
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the differences between grammatical analysis and pragmatic analysis
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Context
• Context---- a basic concept in the study of pragmatics. It is generally considered as constituted knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer, such as cultural background, situation(time, place, manner, etc.), the relationship between the speaker and the hearer, etc.….
• You need to know: definition of presupposition, presupposition
triggers examples of presupposition triggers
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6.3.1 Speech act theory 言语行为理论
• illocutionary acts • classification of illocutionary acts • indirect speech acts
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definition of pragmatics
• the study of language in use or language communication;
• the study of the use of context to make inference about meaning;
• rules/principles • products/processes
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6.2 Micropragmatics
Reference Deixis Anaphora Presupposition
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6.2.1 Reference
• a. Where is the fresh salad sitting? • b. He’s sitting by the door.
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Chapter 6 Pragmatics
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Contents
• Introduction • Micropragmatics
Reference 指称 Deixis 指示 Anaphora 回指 Presupposition 预设 • Macropragmatics
Speech Act Theory The Cooperative Principle The Politeness Principle
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6.3.1.1 Illocutionary acts 言外行为
• You need to know definition of speech acts, performative
sentences, felicity conditions three kinds of acts(言语行为三分说)
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Some basic notions in Pragmatics
• Context • Pragmatics vs. semantics • Sentence meaning vs. utterance meaning • Correctness vs. appropriateness