科普知识与现代技术

话题20. 科普知识与现代技术
一、相关短语
1. a newly-designed robot 新设计的机器人
2. achieve great success 获得巨大成功
3. with the development of science and technology 随着科学技术的发展
4. be convenient to sb. 对某人来说方便
5. download the information from the Internet 从互联网下载信息
6. a technological revolution 一项科技革命
7. make a great difference 产生巨大影响
8. change one’s life 改变某人的生活
9. improve the quality of life 提供生活质量
10. launch a satellite 发射卫星
11. broaden our knowledge 拓展我们的知识
12. make contributions to 对……作出贡献
13. be famous at home and abroad 在国内外享誉盛名
14. benefit from 从……中获益
15. be based on 以……为基础
16. apply to 应用
二、必备句型
1. With the help of computers，it will be possible for humans to work at home.在电脑的帮助下，人类在家工作成为可能。

2. This kind of newly-designed robot is programmed and controlled by a computer. Once you press the button，it will clean the floor for you.这种新设计的机器人由电脑编程和控制。

一旦你按下这个按钮，它就会自动为你清洁地板。

3. Many people fear the effects cloning could have on our society. 许多人害怕克隆对社会造成的影响。

4. Many scientists have some doubt whether cloning can make a great contribution to the development of our society. 许多科学家怀疑是否克隆能对我们社会的发展做出巨大的贡献。

5. Reading more on science can enrich our knowledge and broaden our view.阅读更多科学方面的书籍能丰富我们的知识拓宽我们的视野。

6. In a way，the popularity of the Internet，PC and 4G makes a great difference to our life.在某种程度上，互联网，个人电脑和4G的普及对我们的生活产生巨大的影响。

三、典型例题
例题一：基础写作
假设你校科学校报邀请你写一篇说明文介绍iphone 6。

[写作内容]
产品类属：iphone 系列的最新产品
发布日期：2014年9月19日发布（release）
运行系统：苹果公司（Apple.Inc）开发的ios 8.0系统
市场反应：受到全球苹果粉丝的欢迎
最新功能：
（1）屏幕比以前的iphone大；运用Retina HD显示屏（display）；
（2）摄像头更先进，照相效果更清晰；
（3）改进短信功能，支持发送图片、发送语音和视频；
（4）家庭分享功能，免费分享群组成员已购买的歌曲、影片或应用程序。

[过程指导]
第一步，认真审题。

1. 审文体：介绍物品，是________文。

2. 审时态：以______________时为主。

3. 审人称：以第_____人称为主。

4. 审要点：认真看看方框内外的信息，以便分组规划。

第二步，信息分组。

根据各信息点之间的逻辑顺序等将信息点分为5组，以便用5个句子来表达。

（在题中用笔圈出即可）
第三步，信息表达。

以上每组信息点用一个英语句子来表达，必要时添加恰当的主语等成分，使句子结构完整。

第四步，连句成篇。

将以上5个句子合并成一篇连贯的短文，必要时添加适当的过渡衔接词。

第五步，检查核对。

第六步，规范誊写。

例题二：读写任务
阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

People in Britain now spend more time watching TV，gaming，and using their mobile phones and computers than sleeping. Research by the British communications agency Ofcom found that Britons use technology for 20 minutes longer than they spend sleeping. The average U.K. adult uses technology for eight hours and 41 minutes a day. They sleep for an average of eight hours and 21 minutes.
One of the biggest reasons for this is broadband （宽带）and wi-fi. People can get online almost anywhere，so they spend more time online. Many people make telephone
calls or surf the web while watching television. Television was the most popular activity. Adults watched an average of three hours a day.
The study looked at technology and different age groups. It found that six-year-olds understand how to use technology at the same level as 45-year-olds. Another finding was that people understand digital technology most when they are 14 or 15. A doctor said technology is changing the way people communicate with each other. Dr Arthur Cassidy warned that we are becoming more and more anti-social. He said we are moving away from face-to-face conversations because of technology. He added that people are becoming addicted to their smart phones.
[写作内容]
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；
2. 以约120个词谈谈“科技对人的生活方式的影响”，要点包括：
（1）请举例说明我们的生活方式因科技而改变；
（2）你认为科技进步是利大于弊还是弊大于利；
（3）中学生应该如何利用好科技？
[过程指导]
写概要
1 .分析文体类别：阅读材料为科研发现类说明文，作者首先告诉我们科研发现的一种社会现象，进而分析其主要原因，最后引述了专家的观点。

2. 找出关键词句：写概要前，应在文中找出并标明以下关键句或关键词：
社会现象：_____________________________ （第一段）
分析原因：_____________________________ （第二段）
专家观点：_____________________________ （第三段）
3. 组合关键词句：
谈看法
要点⑴：首先写出主题句：随着科技的进步，我们的生活方式正在改变。

然后举出一个例子来证明：以通讯方式为例，过去与现在作对比。

要点⑵：首先写出主题句：我认为，科技进步利大于弊。

然后用证明主题句所述观点：通过互联网获得信息；用智能手机发信息，看视频等。

要点⑶：首先写出主题句：我们应该好好利用科技。

然后再具体说明如何科用：如限时玩电脑；学习时将科技设备放在一边，以便受影响；确保睡眠充足。

根据以上提示，完成自己的写作：
四、摸拟演练
练习一：基础写作
自今年2月份开始，埃博拉（Ebola disease）肆虐西非。

[写作内容]
请用英语写一篇短文，介绍埃博拉病毒，内容包括：
首次出现：1976年，西非
名称由来：因爆发地在埃博拉河附近而得名
主要症状：发热、咽喉肿痛、肌肉疼痛、头痛
传播途径：通过人和动物血液、体液（body fluid）传播
危险程度：死亡风险极高，至今没有有效的疫苗
（vaccine）和治疗方法
预防措施：（1）勤洗手；
（2）不要接触或食用野生动物，特别是蝙蝠；
（3）如果感到不舒服，请及时就医。

Since Feb，2014，the Ebola disease has been spreading in West Africa. ...
练习二：读写任务
阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

News and information is much faster and more comprehensive on the Internet than on other media such as radio or television. Emails can reach the destination much more quickly than other means，what’s more，the mails will not be lost even if the receiver is out，besides，the email address doesn’t change so frequently as snail-mail （邮寄信件）address and telephone number do. Internet fax also provides much convenience.
Although the Internet brings pleasures and convenience，the negative aspects of the Internet addiction should not be ignored. Many addicts are making an attempt to kick the habit of hanging around on the Internet.
As I was once an Internet addict，I had the experience of being on the net day after day and staying up for chatting，downloading softwares，mp3 and watching Internet video clips as well. I was almost exhausted after the long time Internet access. During those days，I found everything was boring except the network.
Fortunately enough，I have got rid of Internet addiction and resumed my normal life. Now when I look back，I can hardly believe I could have lived like that.
[写作内容]
1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；
2. 以约120个词谈谈你对“网络成瘾的看法”，内容包括：
（1）网络对我们生活的影响；
（2）你对互联网的看法；
（3）作为中学生，我们该如果避免网络成瘾？
（作者单位：广外附设外语学校）
话题20. 科普知识与现代技术（Popular science and modern technology）
三、典型例题
例题一：基础写作
第一步，认真审题。

1. 审文体：介绍物品，是说明文。

2. 审时态：以一般现在时为主。

3. 审人称：以第三人称为主。

第二步，信息分组。

第1组：产品类属，发布日期，运行系统，市场反应；第2组：最新功能（1）；第3组：最新功能（2）；第4组：最新功能（3）；第5组：最新功能（4）。

第三步，信息表达。

（英文表达参见下一步）
1. Iphone 6，于2014年9月19日发布，该手机采用苹果公司开发的ios 8.0系统运行的一种新设计的智能手机，受到全球苹果粉丝的欢迎。

2. 与之前的iphone系列相比，它有大的屏幕，运用Retina HD显示屏。

3. 摄像头更先进，照相效果更清晰。

4. 它已改进了短信功能，支持发送图片、发送语音和视频。

5. 新的“家庭分享”功能，用来免费分享群组成员购买的歌曲、影片或应用程序。

第四步，连句成篇。

Iphone 6，which was released on Sept.19th 2014，is a newly-designed smartphone running ios 8.0 system developed by Apple.Inc and it is very popular among the Apple fans around the world. Compared with the previous iphone series，it has a big screen，using the Retina HD display. The camera is more advanced，which makes photos we take much clearer. It has improved its message function，including sending photos，voices and videos. What’s more，the ne w function“home sharing”is used to share songs，movies and apps among the group members for free.
例题二：读写任务
写概要
2. 找出关键词句：
社会现象：People in Britain now spend more time watching TV，gaming，and using their mobile phones and computers than they spend sleeping. （第一段）
分析原因：ne of the biggest reasons for this is broadband and wi-fi.（第二段）
研究发现：Technology is changing the way people communicate with each other. （第三段）
3. 组合关键词句。

It mainly tells us that people in Britain spend more time using technology than they spend sleeping because of broadband and wi-fi. Technology is changing the way people live.
谈看法
With the rapid development of technology，the way we live is gradually changing. Take the means of communication as an example. People used to write letters to their family members or friends. Nowadays，we use e-mails，QQ，and Wechat ect. to communicate with each other instantly.
As far as I am concerned，the advantages of the technological development outweigh its disadvantages. For one thing，through the Internet，we can find a lot of information. For another，because of the popularity of smart phones，we can send messages，download Apps，enjoy video clips and so on.
As middle school students，we should make good use of technology. Firstly，play the computer within a limited time. Secondly，put away our technological devices when we study，so you can not be influenced by them. Furthermore，getting enough sleep should be guaranteed，do not waste your time.
四、摸拟演练
练习一：基础写作
Since Feb，2014，the Ebola disease has been spreading in West Africa. The Ebola disease，first appeared in West Africa in 1976，got its name because it first broke out in a small village near the River of Ebola. Symptoms of the Ebola virus disease often include fever，sore throat，muscle pain，and headache. It can be spread with a high risk of death by contacting human and animals’blood and body fluid. Worse still，there has been no effective vaccine and treatment up to now. In order to avoid being affected，we should often wash hands，not contact or eat wild animals especially bats and if you feel sick，please go to see the doctor without delay.
练习二：读写任务
The passage mainly tells us that the Internet gives us a lot of convenience and happiness；however，we could not ignore its disadvantage-internet addiction. There was a time when the author was also addicted it.
The Internet，which is said to be the greatest invention of the 20th Century，has brought us much convenience. Firstly，it makes it possible for people to work at home with a computer in front. Secondly，by surfing the net，people can download whatever they like and instant messages can be sent to their friend just in a second. Thirdly，they can also choose to buy or sell whatever they want on the net.
As the saying goes，every coin has two sides. As far as I am concerned，it is unavoidable that the Internet can also arouse a lot of problems. I don’t like shopping online because we may be cheated. What's more，the quality of the products sold online can not be guaranteed.
As middle school students，we should place study before our relaxation and entertainment. Computer games should be played with a limited time. We should make good use of computer to surf useful information instead of just playing with them.。