2019考研英语长难句10大重点考察句型解析集锦

2019考研英语长难句10大重点考察句型解析集锦

考研英语长难句是英语考察的重难点，阅读细节题就是对此的考察，还有翻译都要掌握对长难句的拆分和理解。通过对真题的研究，总结出了长难句的重点考察句型，大家在本阶段复习要重点掌握。

复合句型-状语从句

一、理论常识

状语从句，属于副词性从句，简单说就是从句在句子中担任状语，分为时间、目的、地点、条件、方式、让步、比较、结果、原因9种状语从句。

时间引导词：

when , after , before , while , until , till , since , as soon as , everytime , the moment等

地点引导词：

where , wherever等

原因引导词：

because , since=now that , as等

条件引导词：

if , whether , unless , as long as ,on condition that , providing that等

结果引导词：

so / such ... that , so等

目的引导词：

in order that , so that等

让步引导词：

though , although , however , whatever=no matter what even if , even though , as (倒装) 等

方式引导词：

as , as if等

比较引导词:

than , as ... as , the more ... , the more ... 等

二、真题举例

例句1：While formal learning is transmitted by teachers selected to perform this role , informal learning is acquired as a natural part of a child's development .

【重点词汇解析】transmit，vt. 传输、传播vi. 传输、发射信号;(in)formal，adj. (非)正式的

【参考翻译】尽管正式的学习过程是由挑选出来担当此角色的教师来进行的，非正式的学习过程却是作为孩子成长的自然一部分而完成的。

例句2：While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand territory at the expense of others , and thus lead to conflict , it cannot be said that war-like conflict among other nations is inevitable , although competition is .

【重点词汇解析】territory，n. 领土、版图;expense，n. 代价、损失vt. 向……收取费用;inevitable，adj. 不可避免的

【参考翻译】虽然这种竞争会引发以他人利益为代价的领土扩张行动，因此也会引发冲突，但却不能认为类似于战争的国家间的冲突不可避免，尽管竞争是不可避免的。

例句3：While it is true that to date the Internet seems to be favoring the most

developed sectors of the international community over the less developed , this need not always be the case .

【重点词汇解析】favor，vt. 喜欢、赞成n. 喜爱

【参考翻译】尽管迄今为止互联网似乎更加青睐国际社会中的发达领域，而非不太发达的领域，情形并不总是如此。

复合句型-定语从句

一、理论常识

在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句。

结构：先行词+关系词(分为关系副词和关系代词)+从句

关系代词(that , who , which , whose , as)

关系副词(when , where , why , how)

定语从句分为限制性定语从句及非限制定语从句，限定从直接放在先行词后，非限定从与先行词之间要加逗号。

二、真题举例

例句1：The Aswan Dam , for example , stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity .

【重点词汇解析】deprive sb. of sth. 剥夺某人某物;silt，n. 淤泥v. (使)淤塞【参考翻译】例如，阿斯旺大坝阻止了尼罗河的洪水侵袭，但是也夺去了埃及的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥---这一切换来的却是一个巨大的病态的水库，这个水库积满了淤泥，以至于几乎不能发电了。

例句2：The second , by Joshua Greenberge , takes a more empirical approach to universality , identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages ,