英国文学期末复习资料作家作品

——英国文学

ⅠOld English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages

1.Beowulf贝奥武夫 His Artistic features

①Using alliteration头韵

②Using metaphor暗喻and understatement含蓄陈述

2.Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里•乔叟The founder of English poetry.

三个阶段：

①The Romaunt of the Rose>玫瑰传奇

②Troilus and Criseyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德longest complete poem

③The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集：

Significance :first time to use ‘heroic couplet’(英雄双韵体) by middle English

II The Renaissance Period

A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.

Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.

1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。The poets’ poet.）

The first to be buried in the Poet’s corner of Westerminster Abbey.

① 仙后(for Queen Elizabeth)

The theme is no t “Arms and the man”, but something more romantic “Fierce wars and faithfull loves”.

② 牧人日历

The theme is to lament over the loss of Rosalinism

2. Thomas More托马斯•莫尔1478~1535 One of the greatest English humanists

①乌托邦

Two books:1.on the social conditions of English

2.on an ideal communist society

3. Francis Bacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626 The first English essayist.father of english eassy.

1学术的推进

2.

3随笔58 essays

4. Marlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛

①浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）

②帖木耳大帝ν

③马耳他岛的犹太人

5. William Shakespeare威廉•莎士比亚λ1564~1616共37plays

① Historical plays: Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V ；Richard II；Henry VIII

②四大喜剧:第二阶段 皆大欢喜; 第十二夜; 仲夏夜之梦; 威尼斯商人

③四大悲剧: 哈姆莱特; 奥赛罗; 李尔王;

麦克白

④Shakespeare Sonnet :154

III The 17th Century

1. John Milton约翰•弥尔顿1608~1674（失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。）

①Epics: 失乐园（亚当Adam夏娃Eve受魔鬼撒旦Satan诱惑偷尝禁果，被God逐出伊甸园Eden）

< RegainedνParadise>复乐园

②Dramatic poem: < Samson Agonistes>力士参孙

2. John Bunyan约翰•班扬1628~1688

（代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。）

Puritan poet(清教徒派诗人)

①Religionary Allegory:天路历程

3. John Donne

the Metaphysical poet(玄学派诗人)

Metaphysical Poetry(玄学诗)：（用语）the diction is simple, the imagery is from the actual, (形式)the fo rm is frequently an argument with the poet’s beloved, with god, or with himself.（主题：love, religious, thought）

4. John Dryden:革命时期的保皇派代表royalist

IV The 18th Century

1.Enlightment 3位代表Addison,Steele,Pope

2. Samuel Johnson塞缪尔•约翰逊1709~1784

①Dictionary =英语大词典