微生物学英文6PPT课件
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Chemoheterotroph (Chenoorganotroph)
Sources of energy, hydrogen/electrons,
Representative microorganisms
and carbon
Light energy, inorganic
Algae, Purple and
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱChapter 6
Microbial Nutrition and Metabolism
Chapter outline
6.1 Nutrient requirements 6.2 Nutritional types of microorganisms 6.3 Uptake of nutrients by the cell 6.3 Culture Media 6.4 An Overview of Metabolism 6.5 Fermentation: The Embden-Meyerhof Pathway 6.6 Respiration and Electron Transport 6.7 The Balance Sheet of Aerobic Respiration and Energy Storage 6.8 An Overview of Alternate Modes of Energy Generation 6.9 Biosynthesis of Monomers 6.10 Nitrogen fixation
The first six ( C, H, O, N, P and S) are components of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Trace Elements
Microbes require very small amounts of other mineral elements, such as iron, copper, molybdenum, and zinc; these are referred to as trace elements. Most are essential for activity of certain enzymes, usually as cofactors.
Growth Factors
(1)Amino acids (2) Purines and pyrimidines, (3) Vitamins Amino acids for protein synthesis Purines and pyrimidines for nucleic acid synthesis. Vitamins are small organic molecules that usually make
Macronutrients
95% or more of cell dry weight is made up of a few major elements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron.
up all or part enzyme cofactors, and only very small
amounts are required for growth.
6.2 Nutritional types of microorganisms
Major nutritional type
Photoautotroph (Photolithotroph) Photoheterotroph (Photoorganotroph) Chemoautotroph (Chemolithotroph)
Concepts
Microorganisms require about 10 elements in large quantities, in part because they are used to construct carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Several other elements are needed in very small amount and are parts of enzymes and cofactors. All microorganisms can be placed in one of a few nutritional categories on the bases of their requirements for carbon, energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins.
3
6.1 Nutrient requirements
Concepts:
Microorganisms require about ten elements in large quantities, because they are used to construct carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Several other elements are needed in very small amounts and are parts of enzymes and cofactors.
Sources of energy, hydrogen/electrons,
Representative microorganisms
and carbon
Light energy, inorganic
Algae, Purple and
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱChapter 6
Microbial Nutrition and Metabolism
Chapter outline
6.1 Nutrient requirements 6.2 Nutritional types of microorganisms 6.3 Uptake of nutrients by the cell 6.3 Culture Media 6.4 An Overview of Metabolism 6.5 Fermentation: The Embden-Meyerhof Pathway 6.6 Respiration and Electron Transport 6.7 The Balance Sheet of Aerobic Respiration and Energy Storage 6.8 An Overview of Alternate Modes of Energy Generation 6.9 Biosynthesis of Monomers 6.10 Nitrogen fixation
The first six ( C, H, O, N, P and S) are components of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids
Trace Elements
Microbes require very small amounts of other mineral elements, such as iron, copper, molybdenum, and zinc; these are referred to as trace elements. Most are essential for activity of certain enzymes, usually as cofactors.
Growth Factors
(1)Amino acids (2) Purines and pyrimidines, (3) Vitamins Amino acids for protein synthesis Purines and pyrimidines for nucleic acid synthesis. Vitamins are small organic molecules that usually make
Macronutrients
95% or more of cell dry weight is made up of a few major elements: carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron.
up all or part enzyme cofactors, and only very small
amounts are required for growth.
6.2 Nutritional types of microorganisms
Major nutritional type
Photoautotroph (Photolithotroph) Photoheterotroph (Photoorganotroph) Chemoautotroph (Chemolithotroph)
Concepts
Microorganisms require about 10 elements in large quantities, in part because they are used to construct carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Several other elements are needed in very small amount and are parts of enzymes and cofactors. All microorganisms can be placed in one of a few nutritional categories on the bases of their requirements for carbon, energy and hydrogen atoms or electrons. Nutrient molecules frequently cannot cross selectively permeable plasma membranes through passive diffusion. They must be transported by one of three major mechanisms involving the use of membrane carrier proteins.
3
6.1 Nutrient requirements
Concepts:
Microorganisms require about ten elements in large quantities, because they are used to construct carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Several other elements are needed in very small amounts and are parts of enzymes and cofactors.