英国社会与文化习题

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英语国家社会与文化入门基础Unit1

Unit 1一、判断1、Britain is no longer an imperial country.（T）英国不再是一个帝国主义国家。

2、The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.（F）英联邦的国家包括所有欧洲国家。

3、1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity.（F）十分之一个非欧洲的英国人口的种族。

4、The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of British people.（T）刻板印象的英国绅士永远适用于大多数的英国人。

5、When people outside the UK talk about England,they mistake it as Britain sometimes.（T）当英国以外的人谈论英国,有时他们的错误这是英国。

6、The scots and Welsh have a strong sence of being British.（F）苏格兰和威尔士有强烈的感觉是英国人。

7、Scotland was never conquered by the Romans.（T）苏格兰从未被罗马人征服。

8、MMost people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language,called"Gaelic".（F）大多数人在苏格兰古老的凯尔特语言,称为“盖尔语”。

9、Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means.（T）苏格兰与英格兰通过和平方式统一。

10、Wales is rich in coal deposits.（T）威尔士有丰富的煤炭储量。

英美社会与文化考试复习题.docx

英美社会与文化复习题L Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements.The two main islands of the British Isles areSamuel Johnson's dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of ___________ • A. grammar B. handwriting C. spelling D. pronunciation At present, nearly ________ of the worlds population communicate in English.A. half B ・ a quarter C. one third D. one fifth attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanicbecame the dominant religion in England• B. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityD. Roman ChristianityWestminster Abbey was built at the time of A. St. AugustineC ・ William the Conqueror The _______ marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A ・ Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C- Norman ConquestD ・ Adoption of common lawThe end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .D. the House of Lancaster The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIIFs effort to A. divorce his wife B. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between ________ •A ・ Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansA. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England _______ is the capital city of Scotiand. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh According to a 2005 estimate, Britain now has a population of over A.160 B.600 C. 60 C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff million. D. 16 is the smallest. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, A. England B. Scotland C. Wales Almost a quarter of the British population lives in ________ England. A. northeastern B. southeastern C. northwestern D. Northern Ireland D. southwestern English belongs to the _______ group of Indo-European family of languages. A. Celtic B. Indo-Iranian C. Germanic D ・ Roman The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of English. A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and Germanwords toC. French and ItalianD. Latin and GreekThe evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the ______B. DutchC. German A. Norman influence.D. Danish TheBy the late 7th century,A. Celtic ChristianityC ・ Germanic Christianity B. Edward the ConfessorD. Alfred the Great A. the House of Valois B. the House of York C ・ the House of TudorC.nobles and peasants D・ aristocrats and Christians_______ was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A.Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC・ Provisions of Oxford D. Magna CartaThe Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the __________ century.A.17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thBritain faced strong challenges in its global imperial dominance by the beginning of the ________ century.A.17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thThe British government is characterized by a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the ____________________________ .A. judiciary B・ legislature C. monarchy D・ executiveThe importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on __________ •A. passi ng the billsB. advising the govern me ntC・ political parties D・ public attitudeAs a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to __________ the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspectBritish Cabinet works on the principle of ________ .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivism D・ defending the individualsThe main duty of the British Privy Council is to _________ .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass bills D・ supervise the CabinetIn Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every _________ years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six_______ has a distinct legal system based on Roman law.A・ Wales B. England C. Scotland D. Northern IrelandGen erally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a _________ system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-party D・ multi-partyThe policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and __________ .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualismThe Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it _________ .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax system D・ enhaneed the economic developmentThe British economy achieved global dominance by the __________ ・A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880s D」890sIn ______ , the British Parliament passed two important acts to establish a welfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 1948The _______ in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problemOf the following practices, ________ does not belong to Thatcher's social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemployment D・ 1 owering old age pensionsThe Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except __________ ・A.limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemployment D・ reducing inequalityBritain has devoted ________ of its land area to agriculture・A.54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%Britain's important fishing areas include all the following except _________ ・A.the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around Ireland D・ The sea area between Britain and IrelandCoal mining industry in Britain provides ________ of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/3The car industry in Britain in mostly ________ .A. foreign-owned B・ state-owned C. joint-venture D. privately-ownedOf the following sectors in Britain, __________ has experienced spectacular growth since theend of Word War II.A. agriculture B・ energy industry C. service industry D. manufacturing industryIn Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools were ended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the _____________________ .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960sAbout _______ of British children receive primary and secondary education through theindependent system・A. 5%B.6%C. 7%D. 8%Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except _____________________ •A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributionsOf the following, ________ is NOT a basis of admission to Britain's universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interview D・ school referencesTo be admitted to the Open University, one need _________ .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC・ General Certificate of Education-Advanced D. General National Vocational Qualifications Among Britain's quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the "Big Three" with the exception of . A. The Times B. The Guardian C. The Observer D. The Daily TelegraphLife on Earth is a kind of ________ program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500million viewers worldwide.A. feature B・ drama C. documentary D. soap opera______ is Britain's top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyBOf the following, ________ is NOT a common feature of all the British holidays・A. families getting togetherB. friends exchanging good wishesC・ friends enjoying each other's company D. families traveling overseasThe following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ________ .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen's Christmas messageC. Boxing Day D・ Christmas pantomimeThe most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is __________ ・ A. poetryB. dramaC ・ novelD ・ pamphlet______ is viewed as Romantic poetry's "Declaration of Independence.^ A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud” B. Don JuanC. "Preface to Lyrical Ballads^D. Prometheus Unbound Of Dickens 9 novels, _______ is considered autobiographical ・A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. Great Expectations ______ is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19th century ・A. Robert Louis StevensonB. John MiltonC. Joseph ConradD. Thomas HardyOf the following statements, ________ is NOT correct in terms of Neo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century ・B. The writers were dissatisfied with the social reality.C. The writers believed in "Art for Art's Sake".D. Treasure Island was a representative work. ______ is NOT included in the modernist group ・ A. Oscar Wild B. Virginia Woolf C. William Butler Yeats D. T. S. EliotOf the following books, _______ was NOT written by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tess of the D'UrbendllesC. Adam BedeD. The Return of the NativeOf the following statements, ________ is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf. A. She was a central figure of the "Bloomsbury Group"・ B ・ She experimented with stream of consciousness ・ C ・ She was an influential feminist. The U. S ・ lies in ______ North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its ________ and the Pacific to its ________ . A. northern, east, west B. central, east, west C. southern, west, eastD ・ western, east, westThe largest river in the U ・ S ・ is ______ A ・ the Missouri River C. the Ohio River Some of the world famous universities like Harvard, Yale and MIT are located __________A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific Coast C ・ in New EnglandD. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.Of the following writers, ________ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A. Samuel Beckett B. James Joyce Waiting for Godot is written by _______ A. Samuel Beckett C. William GoldingD. V. S. NaipaulThe United States has B. George Orwell C. William Golding stateson the continent.D. D. H. LawrenceA. 50B.49C. 48D. 35The state ofA. Alaska is the largest in area of all the states.B. Hawaii C ・ Texas D. FloridaB. the Mississippi RiverD. the Colorado RiverD. in the Midwest______ is located on the U・ S. -Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario・A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC.Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt LakeThe native Alaskan population includes the following except the _________ .A・ Indians B. Eskimos C. Aleuts D. BlacksThe largest minority in the United States is the ________ ・A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC. Native AmericansD. AsiansThe Immigrants Act of 1924 restricted the further immigration into the United States, particularly from __________________ .A・ Europe B. Asia C. Africa D. South America The characteristic of dominant American culture is _________ .A. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classB・ English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-classC・ English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD.English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classThe first successful English colony in North America was founded at _________ in ________ .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB. Boston, MassachusettsC- Jamestown, Virginia D. Plymouth, GeorgiaPilgrim Fathers are a group of ____________ who came to America to avoid persecution inEngland ・A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC. CatholicsD. ChristiansThe Seven YearsWar occurred between the _________ •A. French and American IndiansB.French and SpaniardsC・ French and British D. British and American Indians"No taxation without representation^ was the rallying slogan of _________ .A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 coloniesThe first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in _________ •A. Concord B・ Lexington C. Philadelphia D. BostonIn May 1775, _________ was held in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions of anational government.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of ConfederationAbraham Lincoln issued ________ to grant freedom to all slaves・A・ Declaration of Independence B. ConstitutionC. Emancipation Proclamation D・ Bill of RightsThe policy of the United States was ________ at the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasementPresident ________ applied New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great Depression.A・ Wilson B. Truman C. Roosevelt D. KennedyThe Vietnam War was a long-time suffering for Americans, and it continued throughout the terms of Presidents ____________ •A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC・ Kennedy, Johnson and Nixon D. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson 81.The U. S. Constitution came into effect in ________ .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the United States _________ ・A.gives the most power to CongressB.gives the most power to the PresidentC・ tries to give each branch enough power to balance the othersD.gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights ________ .A.defines the rights of Congress and the rights of the PresidentB.guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights and freedomsC.is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD.has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except ________ are guaranteed in the Bill of Rights・A.freedom of religionB.the right to get into people's house by policeC・ freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one's weapon if one wishes85.All the following except ________ cannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC.lhe Secretary of State D・ the President86.The following except ________ are all powers of the President.A- vetoing any bills passed by CongressB・ appointing federal judges when vacancies occurC.making lawsD.issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, a candidate for President must be _________ .A- at least 35 years oldB・ at least a 14 years5 resident of the United StatesC.bom in AmericaD.all of the above88.The terms for a Senator and Representative are ________ and ________ years respectively.A. two, four B・ two, three C. two, six D・ six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed of _________ justices・A. sixB. seven C・ eight D. nine90.The President is directly voted into office by _________ ・A. all citizens of America B・ the citizens over 18 years oldC・ electors elected by the voters D. the senators and representatives9L America produces a major portion of the world's products in the following fields except •A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressed from ____________ to _______ , and eventually,to _______ •A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB.farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC・ colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT granted the ________ by the British King or Queen.A. political authority B・ economic rightsC.judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of __________ .A. George Washington B・ Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took place during the “second industrial revolution^except ______ .A・ typewriter B. telephone C. electric light D. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a "Great Society” by introducing various programs like thefollowing except ________.A. MedicareB. Food Stampscation InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About _______ of American crops are for export・A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all true except _________ .A.Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enteiprises・B.Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports・C・ Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D.Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. ______ is not one of the three giants in American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors 100.At present, U・S. exports account for _______ of the worlcfs total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D. 25%101.Formal education in the United States consists of _________ 、secondary and higher education.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementary D・ private102.Of the following subjects, ________ are NOT offered to elementary school students・A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC.science and social studiesD. music and physical education103.Higher education in the United States began with the founding of __________ •A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. New York University104.Of the following, ________ are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.Of the following, _________ is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S・institutions ・A.choosing the presidentB.establishing policies for administrators and facultyC.approving budget and other financial projectD.decide which student to enroll106. To get a bachelor^ degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the followingexcept _______ ■A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinations C ・ working for communities D. earning a certain number of credits107. Of the following universities, ________ has NOT cultivated any American President yet.A. Harvard University B ・ Massachusetts Institute of Technology C. Princeton University D ・ Yale University108. ______ is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has a reputation for itsserious attitude and great bulk ・ A. The Washington Post B. The New York Times C. Los Angeles TimesD. New York Daily News109. Of the following, _________ is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks inAmerica.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112. ______ is regarded as "the father of American literature^.A. James Fennimore Cooper B ・ Ralph Waldo Emerson C ・ Thomas Jefferson D ・ Washington Irving113. Of the following, ________ is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne^s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. The House of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature114. Of the following, ________ is considered Herman Melville^s masterpiece ・A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller 115. Of the following, ________ is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain^s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116. Of the following writers, _______ is NOT included in the group of naturalists. A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117. E Scott Fitzgerald's finest novel is ________ , and its theme is about ________ .A- The Great Gatsby, the American Dream B. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Ag 匕 the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned, the evil of human nature11& Of the following books, ________ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell TollsA. the National Broadcasting System (NBS) C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) 110. The National Day of the United States falls onA. June 4thB. July 4th111. Of the following writers, ________ B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) C. June 14thD. July 14thare from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.119. Of the following writers, ________ is Not a Nobel Prize winne 匸A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O'Neil 120. ______ is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature ・A. Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James BaldwinII. State your understanding of the following questions. 1. How do British enjoy the Christmas day?Christmas is the biggest and best loved British holiday. Schools close for the holiday period, as do shops and offices, so people can spend time at home with their families. Most British people celebrate it by exchanging gifts and Christmas cards, preparing holiday foods, and decorating homes and workplaces. There are three Christmas traditions which are particularly British: one is the Christmas Pantomime, a comical musical play. Another tradition is the Queen's Christmas message, broadcast over the television and radio. A third British tradition, which is also celebrated in countries with British heritages, is Boxing Day, which falls on the day after Christinas.2. What were the major causes of Britain's relative economic decline in the postwar period?First, Britain suffered great economic losses in two World Wars and had gone heavily into debt to finance the war. Second, the era of the British Empire was over. India and other British colonies, which provided raw material & large market for British goods, gained independence. Third, Britain was forced to maintain an expensive military presence in many overseas locations until the end of 1960s. Fourth, Britain had to make Substantial financial contributions to NATO and the UN Security Council. Finally, Britain failed to invest in industry after WWII whereas its competitors like Germany and Japan caught up with Britain by investing in the most modern equipment and means of production. 3. What is the Commonwealth of Nations?It is a voluntary association of independent sovereign states, all of which acknowledge the British monarch as symbolic head of the association. The Commonwealth is not a political union of any sort, and its member states have full autonomy to manage their own internal and external affairs. It is primarily an organization in which countries with diverse economic backgrounds have an opportunity for close and参考答案：1-10 A 11 -20 D 21-30 C 31-40 C 41-50 D 51-60 B 61-70 C 71-80 C 81-90 B 91-100C101-110 C111-120 CBCD D B C DBA B A C B B A C B D ABB BCD C B B C D D B B B D D C BCD CAB B C C D C D B C C C A C CCD BBC CCD DDB D C B D D A A C B A CD B D A B A C D D A DBA BAD A C D D D C B D A B B B BABequal interaction after gaining independence・ The major activities of the Commonwealth are designed to advocate democracy, human rights, and to promote economic cooperation and growth within its members.4.What are the ideals that guide the American educational system?The first ideal is that as many people as possible should receive as much education as possible. It is an outcome of the American's assertions about the equality among people.The second ideal is that of producing a society that is totally literate and of local control. Education in the U.S. is governed by state and local governments, not by the national government.The third ideal is that scholars and students should work to discover new information or conceive new ways to understand what is already known. Learning is not just a process of memorizing knowledge that already exists in books・ 11 is an enterprise of exploration, experimentation, analysis and synthesis・5.How is a President voted into office in America? What are your ideas about the American election?Each party holds its national convention every four years to choose a candidate for the presidency・To win a presidential election, a candidate has to spend millions of dollars, travel all over the country to make speeches, and debate on television with the rival. The general election is technically divided into two stages. During the first stage , presidential electors for each state will be chosen. In the second stage the electors meet and vote a President. Since the second stage is only a kind of formality, every one knows who will be the n ext President as soon as the first stage is over.An open answer to the second part・6.Why can we say that Puritanism has much influence on America?a)Puritans were encouraged to read the Bible in order to better understand the God's will. Thus,education had been essential for Puritans, which education had been stressed during American history ・b)When Puritans came to America, they wanted to build "a city upon hill”—an ideal community.Since that time, Americans have viewed their country as a great experiment, a worthy model of other nations・c)Puritans established another American tradition—a strain of often intolerant moralism, which hadhad much influence on the following generations.d)The Puritans also have left rich cultural heritage to future Americans. The American values such asindividualism, hard work, and respect of education owe very much to the Puritan beliefs.。

英国社会与文化习题

英国社会与文化习题Exercises of ChapterⅠⅠ.Filling the blanks.1. The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ___.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of ___, ___ and ___.3.The United Kingdom has been a member of ___ since 1973.4.Britain is now a ___ society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of___ ethnicity.5.London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not onlythe financial ___ of the nation, but also one of the ___ major internationalfinancial centers ___.6.The highest mountain in Britain is___7._____flows through central London and it is a very important river.8.____is the capital of Scotland.9.Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (George III) current Union Flag adopted onJan. 1st, _____.10. National Day of UK is officially celebrated in Britain on the 2nd Saturday of_____each year since February 1952.11.The largest lake in Britain is the _____in Northern Ireland which covers an area of 396 km2.12._____is the largest Ferris wheel (摩天轮)in Europe.Ⅱ. Multiple choice1.The location of UK is in the ____ Europe.A.EasternB. WesternC. SouthernD. Northern2.All the following cities are major deep-water ports of UK, except_______.A.LondonB.LiverpoolC. BelfastD. Edinburgh3.The national flower of UK is_______.A.roseB. thistleC. daffodilD. shamrock4.All of the following, except for______, were tribes from the north who movedinto England in the 400s AD.A.AnglesB. SaxonsC. JutesD. Celts5.The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a_______.A.poem about a hero named BeowulfB.newspaperC.historical recordD.novel6.Beowulf is __________.A.a long novelB. a long poem written by Geoffrey ChaucerC. a long poem by unknown storytellerD.a long novel written by W. William Shakespeare7.The Canterbury T ales was written by_______.A.Geoffrey ChaucerB. Thomas BecketC. PalamonD. Griselda8. The frame of The Canterbury Tales is________.A. the pilgrims telling stories on their tripB. the conflict between the friar and the summonerC. King Arthur’s courtD. the differences between the knight and the squire9. The Canterbury Tales is an unusual piece of literature from the Middle Ages because ________.A. it describes the characters’ personalitiesB. it includes middle class charactersC. both A and BD. neither A nor B10. There are______ stories in The Canterbury Tales.A.5B.26C.15D.6Ⅲ.Questions1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth?2. Describe the geographical position of Britain?3. Does Britain have a favorable climate? Why?4. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain?Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest?KeysⅠ.Filling the blanks.1.The United Kingdom of Great Britain ; the Northern Ireland2.England, Scotland, Wales3.European Union4.Multiracial, non-European5.Britain’s, center, three, in the world6.Ben Nevis7.Thames river8.Edinburgh9.180110. June11. Lough Neagh12.The London EyeⅡ. Multiple choice1. B2. D3. A4. D5. C6. C7. A8. A9. C10.B。

英语国家社会与文化试题与答案

英语国家社会与文化1. The Norman Conquest of_____is perhaps the best - known event in English history. [单选题] *A. 1063B. 1064C. 1065D. 1066*2. Apart from a break during the Second World War, the BBC has been providing regular television broadcasts since _______. [单选题] *A.1935B.1936*C.1937D.19383. The first blacks were brought to North America as in 1619. [单选题] *A. adventurersB. slaves*C. servantsD. explorers4. Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years ’War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, _____ . [单选题] *A.the War of the CeltsB.Norman ConquestC.the War of the Roses*D.Battle of Hastings5. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except . [单选题] *A.no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B.no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land*C.London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD.There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.6. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor modified and improved the design in 1765. [单选题] *A. Abraham DarbyB. James Watt*C. John KayD. Richard Arkwright7. Soon after, Britain not only gave up its economic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership. [单选题] *A. 1900B. the First World WarC. the Second World War*D. 19608. The House of Lords is presided over by . [单选题] *A. the Lord Chancellor*B. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister9. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in . [单选题] *A.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC.the Queen, the House of Commons*D.the Queen, the House of Lords10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in . [单选题] *A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons*11. The first immigrants in American history came from and . [单选题] *A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/ Netherlands*12. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are great population movement in the history of the United States. [单选题] *A. twoB. threeC. four*D. five13. The victory of was the turning point of the War of Independence. [单选题] *A. GettysburgB. TrentonC. YorktownD. Saratoga*14. The Wars of Roses lasted for years and king was replaced by king . [单选题] *A. 30, Richard III, Henry Tudor*B. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor15. In , a small group of Puritans sailed and arrived at in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land. [单选题] *A. 1620, Plymouth*B. 1620, LondonC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth16. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines. [单选题] *A. the Bourgeois RevolutionB. the Wars of the RosesC. the Industrial Revolution*D. the Religious Reformation17. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher . [单选题] *A. Paul RevereB. John Locke*C. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass18. The ________ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. [单选题] *A. Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conquest*D. adoption of common law19. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the ―Big Three with the exception of . [单选题] *A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The Observer*D. The Daily Telegraph20. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is . [单选题] *A. poetryB. drama*C. novelD. pamphlet21. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. [判断题] *对错*22. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England. [判断题] *对*错23. The Hundred Years'War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory. [判断题] *对错*24. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth Iactually defended the fruit of the Reformation. [判断题] *对*错25. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. [判断题] *对*错26. The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson. [判断题] *对错*27. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation. [判断题] *对*错28. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here. [判断题] *对错*29. When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality. [判断题] *对*错30. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "'axis of evil”. [判断题] *对*错31. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history. [判断题] *对错*32. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. [判断题] *对错*33. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations. [判断题] *对错*34. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. [判断题] *对*错35. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. [判断题] *对错*36. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a , later, he became Lord Protector. [填空题] *_________________________________(答案：Commonwealth)37. The Constitution of the United States follows two principles: the federal system and the of powers. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Separation)38. In legislation the President of U.S. has a veto power over bills passed by . [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Congress)39. The Conservative Party developed out of the Party, while the Liberal party developed out of the Whig. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Tory)40. The present sovereign of Britain is Queen , and Prince Charles is the heir to the throne. [填空题]_________________________________(答案：Elizabeth II)B1. Christopher Columbus discovered America in the year of 1492. [单选题] *T*F2. "No taxation without representation" was the rallying cry of the American Civil War. [判断题] *TF*3. 3. President F. D. Roosevelt's Policy to fight the Great Depression was called "War on Poverty".[判断题] *TF*4. The most dramatic crisis of the Cold War was the Cuban Missile Crisis. [单选题] *T*F5. In the aftermath of the September 11 terroist attack, President Bush ordered the invasion of Iraq in 2001, and then Afghanistan in 2003. [单选题] *TF*6. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. [判断题] *对错*7. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England. [判断题] *对*错8. The Hundred Years'War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory. [判断题] *对错*9. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Reformation. [判断题] *对*错10. America was named after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. [判断题] *对*错11. The second Continental Congress was held in Philadelphia, and the Continental Army and Navy were founded under the command of Thomas Jefferson. [判断题] *对错*12. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation. [判断题] *对*错13. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland are located here. [判断题] *对错*14. When selecting a college or university, undergraduate students have a great concern for its size, location and academic quality. [判断题] *对*错15. The America government regarded Iraq a nation among the "'axis of evil”. [判断题] *对*错16. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history. [判断题] *对错*17. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. [判断题] *对错*18. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations. [判断题] *对错*19. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament. [判断题] *对*错20. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected. [判断题] *对错*21. The terms for a Senator and Representative are _______ and _______ years. [单选题] *two, fourtwo, threetwo, sixsix, two*22. __________ is the capital city of Scotland. [单选题] *BelfastEdinburgh*LondonCardiff23. The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is . [单选题] *A. poetryB. drama*C. novelD. pamphlet24. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the ―Big Three with the exception of . [单选题] *A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The Observer*D. The Daily Telegraph25. 10. Which of the following did NOT take place in the Nixon administration? [单选题] *A. VietnamizationB. Cuban Missile Crisis*C. Watergate ScandalD. Re-establishing US relations with China26. The Norman Conquest of is perhaps the best - known event in English history. [单选题] *A. 1063B. 1064C. 1065D. 1066*27. The first blacks were brought to North America as in 1619. [单选题] *A. adventurersB. slaves*C. servantsD. explorers28. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except . [单选题] *A.no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B.no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land*C.London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD.There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.29. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor modified and improved the design in 1765. [单选题] *A. Abraham DarbyB. James Watt*C. John KayD. Richard Arkwright30. Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years ’War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, . [单选题] *A.the War of the CeltsB.Norman ConquestC.the War of the Roses*D.Battle of Hastings31. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in . [单选题] *A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons*32. In the 18th century, there appeared in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines. [单选题] *A. the Bourgeois RevolutionB. the Wars of the RosesC. the Industrial Revolution*D. the Religious Reformation33. The ________ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. [单选题] *A. Viking invasionsB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman Conquest*D. adoption of common law34. The Prime Minister is appointed by and he or she always sits in . [单选题] *A.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB.the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC.the Queen, the House of Commons*D.the Queen, the House of Lords35. The Wars of Roses lasted for years and king was replaced by king . [单选题] *A. 30, Richard III, Henry Tudor*B. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorC. 30, Richard I, Henry TudorD. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor36. In , a small group of Puritans sailed and arrived at in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the New Land. [单选题] *A. 1620, Plymouth*B. 1620, LondonC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth37. The first immigrants in American history came from and . [单选题] *A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/ Netherlands*38. The founders wanted the branch to be the dominant branch of the federal government. [单选题] *executivelegislative*judicialmedia39. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of _______. [单选题] *Yale UniversityHarvard College*Princeton UniversityMassachusetts Institute of Technology40. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher . [单选题] *A. Paul RevereB. John Locke*C. CornwallisD. Frederick Douglass。

英国社会与文化第一单元自测

A.highlands
B.lowlands
C.uplands
你的答案：
B正确
标准答案：
B
解答过程：
17.
13. The two main islands of the UK are _______
A.Great Britain and Ireland
B.Great Britain and Scotland
B错误
标准答案：
A
解答过程：
8.
3. The north and west of Britain are mainly_______.
A.lowlands
B.highlands
C.uplands
你的答案：
B正确
标准答案：
B
解答过程：
9.
17. Which part of UK lies in the north of the country?
一、单选题（共有题目33题）
1.
14. ________ is the Scottish flag.
A.The Saint George's cross
B.Union Jack
C.The Saint Andrew's cross
D.The Saint Patrick's cross
你的答案：
C正确
标准答案：
C.Great Britain and Wales
D.Great Britain and England
你的答案：
A正确
标准答案：
A
解答过程：
18.
30. The official London residence of the British royal family is _________

《英语国家社会与文化入门》(简称英美概况)英国答案

英国Unit 3 第6题What kind of institution(部门is the House of Lords（上议院）? What role dose it play in 部门) 部门（上议院）British government? A: It consists of the Lords Spiritual(神职议员)who are the Archbishops(大主教) and most prominent （杰出的、卓越的）bishops （主教）of the church of England ;and the Lords Temporal(世俗议员)，which refers to everyone else。

②They inherited(继承) the seat from their forefathers or been appointed by the sovereign （郡主、最高统治者）parliament 议会）they speak and vote .In （as individuals （个人）,not as representatives （代表）of the greater interests of the country. They do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament at all.unit5 3.What are the three main areas in national economies？Describe the development of each of the three areas in the UK economy. 答案National economies can be broken down into three main areas,”primary”industries, such as agriculture ,fishing, and mining,”second-ary”industries, which manufacture complex goods from those primary products ;and tertiary industries .often described as services,such as banking, insurance, tourism, and the selling of goods. Britain’s agricultural sector is small （producing 1.4%of the national wealth ）but efficient, producing 58% of the UK’s food needs with only 2%of its workforce.Three quarters of Britain’s land is used for agriculture. With about a quarter of that under crops-wheat and barley are the two commonest. The rest is grazing for animals, including cattle (both dariy and beef), The fishing industry provides 55%of the UK demand for fish Sconish ports land the majority of the fish caught. In the secondary sector of the economy. Manufacturing industry remains important, producing 22% of national wealth. British companies are are active in all major fields of manufacturing industry, but are particularly strong in pharmaceuticals(the British company Glaxo-Wellcrme is the biggest drug company in the world),chemicals([C]is the second largest paint manufacture in the world),aerospace overall the UK industry is third in （size in the world）and food drink (Scotch whisky being a major export). ）unit7 1. (1)What are the purposes of the British education system? (2)Please comment on these purposes. (3)What are the main purposes of the Chinese education system? (4)Are there any differences or similarities in the education of the two nations? 答：(1)The purpose of the British education system is to teach children practical skills and socialize them. (2)Children learn practical skills, and the rules and values they need to become good citizens, to participate in the community, and to contribute to the economic prosperity of an advanced industrial economy.(3)The purpose of the Chinese education is to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills they will need to become active members of society. (4) In china, people think school is just about teaching children what are often called” the three R’s---“reading, writing and ‘arithmetic”(reading, writing and arithmetic). 2. How does the British education reflect social class? British education reflect the deeper divisions in British society in which social class is still very important: class inequality can be erased or continued according to education policy. What’s more, the enduring feature o f British education is the continuing debate over how “equal” educational opportunity should be. In British, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class. The school (or college)tie is a clear marker of social class. Even on informal occasions you will sometimes see men wearing their school ties as belts to hold up their trousers –proudly displaying their attendance at a certain school. In Britain, where you are educated is very important to you future.3 what are the major changes that have taken place since World war 2? Is British education moving towards more progress or more equality? Pick up some examples from the text toillustrate your points. Other major changes to the British education system were caused by world war Ⅱ。

大学英语英国社会与文化3答案

大学英语英国社会与文化3答案一、单选。

（每题2分，共40分）1. The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. [单选题] *A. joiningB. to joinC. joined(正确答案)D. having joined2. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, ______nothing about the argument. [单选题] *A. saysB. saidC. to sayD. saying(正确答案)3. It’s no use ____________ without taking action. [单选题] *A. complainB. complaining(正确答案)C. being complainedD. to be complained4. The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. [单选题] *A. saved(正确答案)B. savingC. to be savedD. having saved5．Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert? [单选题] *A. it you(正确答案)B. not youC. youD. that yourself6．It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me. [单选题] *A. what, that(正确答案)B. that, thatC. what, whatD. that, what7．It was with great joy____ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. [单选题] *A．becauseB．whichC．sinceD．that(正确答案)8. It is ______ any wonder that his friend doesn’t like watching television much. [单选题] *A. noB. suchC. nearlyD. hardly(正确答案)9. I didn’t see the minister, ____________ did I see the secretary. [单选题] *A. soB. nor(正确答案)C. eitherD. none10. Only when the plan failed __________ his mistakes. [单选题] *A. did he realize(正确答案)B. does he realizeC. he realizedD. he realizes11. If you refuse to go to the party, ___________. [单选题] *A. so would sheB. so does sheC. so will she(正确答案)D. neither will she12. ___________ that we went outing. [单选题] *A. The weather so fineB. So fine the weather isC. So the weather was fineD. So fine was the weather(正确答案)13.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. [单选题] *A. should beB. would beC. have beenD. had been(正确答案)14.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. [单选题] *A. speak(正确答案)B. spokeC. will speakD. to speak15.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. [单选题] *A. wasB. wereC. has beenD. had been(正确答案)16.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not _____. [单选题] *A. have laid there for two hoursB. have been lied there for two hoursC. have lied there for two hoursD. have lain there for two hours(正确答案)17. That man was ________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job. [单选题] *A. careB. careful(正确答案)C. carelessD. carelessness18. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai. [单选题] *A. dieB. deadC. diedD. death(正确答案)19.—What are you doing here?—Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.—You can write________passage in English? [单选题] *A. 600 words；a 600-wordsB. 600-word；a 600-wordsC. 600 words；a 600-word(正确答案)D. 600 words；a 600-words20. No one should enter the spot without the_______of the police. [单选题] *A. permitB. permission(正确答案)C. permittingD. permittence二、选适当词汇填空(把选项填进空白格）。

（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库

（完整word版）《英美社会与文化》试题库《英语国家社会与文化》复习资料第一部分课程考核说明1、考核目的通过考试，了解学生对本课程的基本内容、重点和难点的掌握程度，以及运用本课程的基本知识、基本方法和基本理论分析和解决实际问题的能力。

同时还考察学生在平时的学习中是否注意了理解和记忆相结合，理解和运用相结合。

2、考核方式：闭卷考试。

3、适用范围、教材和参考资料本试题库适用范围为英语本科专业。

试题命题的参照教材为An Outline Introduction to Britain and America(来安方等编著)，参考资料包括Survey of Britain and America(张奎武主编)、Understanding the US and the UK(许鲁之编著)、English-speaking Countries: A Survey(余志远主编)。

4、命题依据本试题库依据是《英美社会与文化》课程的教学大纲、教材。

5、考试要求主要考核学生对课程基本知识及概念、基本理论和基本技能的理解和应用能力。

在能力层次上，从识记、领会和应用三个角度来要求。

识记是要求学生掌握本课程的基本知识和相关概念；领会是要求学生在掌握基本理论、基本方法的基础上，能融会贯通；应用是要求学生能综合运用所学的内容，对课程中的有关问题进行讨论，作出自己的评价。

6、试题类型及结构试题类型及分数比重大致为：单项选择题（20%）+简答题（20%）+概念题（30%）+论述题（30%）。

第二部分基本概念Explain the following terms in English1. the Thames River2. Alfred the Great3. Open University4. the Glorious Revolution5. the British Commonwealth.6. the Black Death.7. Constitutional Monarchy. 8. the welfare state.9. the Magna Carta 10. the Wars of Roses11. the National Healthy Service 12. Public school13. Keynesianism 14. grammar school15. National Eisteddfod 16. the Jury System17. Bloody Mary 18. the People's Charter of 183819. Agribusiness 20. the Open Structure21. the dissenters 22. New Scotland Yard23. Sto nehenge 24. Hadrian’s Wall25. the open-field farming system 26. Heptarchy27. the Witan 28. Vikings29. the Danelaw 30. crusades31. Joan of Arc 32. the Lollards33. Enclosures 34. Star Chamber35. Renaissance 36. humanists37. the Divine Right of Kings 38. The Gunpowder Plot of 160539. the Grand Remonstrance 40. The Commonwealth41. Diggers 42. Levelers43. farmer George基本知识Ⅰ、Read the following unfinished statement on question carefully. For each unfinished statement on question foursuggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Chose the one which you think best completes the statement or answers the questions1. There are three natural Zones in Scotland. Which is the exception?A) Highlands in the north B) the Central LowlandsC) the Easters Uplands D) the Southern Uplands2. River is the most important river in ScotlandA)Tweed B)Tyne C)Thames D)Clyde3. The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth in _______A) 1931 B)1991 C)1923 D)19304. The first known settlers of Britain wereA) the Iberians B) the Celts C) the Beaker Folk D) the Romans5. , the great Roman general, invaded Britain for the first time in 55 BC.A) Emperor Claudius B)Julius Caesar C) Alfred D) William6. At the time of the Norman Conquest, Anglo-Saxon English was headed byA) Tostig B)Godwin C) Eudemon D) Harold7. For nearly years, Britain was under the Roman occupation.A) 300 B) 400 C) 500 D) 6008. When the Hundred Years War ended in 1453, was the only part of France that was still in the hands of English.A) Flanders B) Slugs C) Calais D) Potion9 was the founder of Angevin(or Plantagenet) Dynasty.A) HenryⅠB) HenryⅡC) King John D) Edward Ⅵ10. CharlesⅠcalled his third parliament in 1628, at this parliament he was forced to accept the Petition of Right, regarded as the SecondA) Magna Carta B) Bill of Rights C) Long ParliamentD)Provisions of Oxford11. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The Puritan Revolution B) The RenaissanceC) The Great Charter D) The English Reformation12. The restoration of the House of Stuart happened in the year The monarch who restored wasA)1660, Charles II B)1685, James II C)1660, James IID)1685,Charles II13. is the best known of the "metaphysical poets".A)Edmund Spenser B) Philip Sidney C) John Done D) Ben Jonson14. The Tories were the forerunners of the which still bears the nickname today.A) the Liberty Party B)the Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D)the Communist Party15. The English Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century started with the __ industry.A) coal-mining B) textile C) shipbuilding D)iron and steal16. By Britain had built up a big empire "on which the sun never set".A)1839 B)1799 C) 1900 D)190517. The Labor Party had its origins in __, which was formed in 1893 and led by Kin Hardin.A) the Labor Representation Committee B) the Independent Labor PartyC) the Conservative Party D) the Trades Union Congress18. is often referred to as the "Silicon Glen" in Britain.A) The area between London and South Wales B) Liverpooland Merseyside RegionC) The area between Glasgow and Edinburgh D) The Cambridge areas of East Anglia19. The main textile producing region of Britain are the following exceptA) Yorkshire B) Northern Ireland C) West Midlands D) Humberside20. An outstanding feature of British economic recovery in the 1803 was its .A) inflation B) length C) unemployment D) privatization21. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 underA) the Atlantic Ocean B) the North SeaC) the English Channel D) the Pacific Ocean22. The monarchy is the oldest institution of government, going back to at leastA) the 9th century B) the 8th century C) 1649 D) 168923. The main functions of Parliament are following exceptA) to pass laws B) to debate the major issues of the dayC) to advise the Sovereign to approve certain government decreesD) to examine government policy and administration24. The beginning of the Second Civil War in England was the yearA) 1645 B) 1646 C) 1647 D) 164825.The House of Commons is elected by universal adult suffrage and consists of members of Parliament.A) 524 B) 651 C) 336 D) 61026. are the two major political parties in Britain today.A) The Labor Party and the Conservation PartyB) The Conservation Party and the Liberal PartyC) The Liberal Party and the RepublicansD) The Liberal Party and the Labor Party27. Appeals in criminal cases in English and Wales can be heard by the following courts exceptA) the Court of Appeal B) the Magistrate CourtC) the Crown Court D) the High Court28. The High Court has 3 divisions, which is the exceptA) Family Division B) Commercial DivisionC) Chancery Division D) Queen's Bench Division29. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control ofA) the Lord Chancellor B) the Home SecretaryC) the Prime Minister D) the Ministry of Defence30. is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases of U. K.A) The House of Commons B) The Court of ApealC) The High Court D) The House of Lords31. of the following is not the non-contributory Social Security benefits.A) War pensions B) Maternity allowance and widow's benefitC) Child benefit D) Family credit32. The religions leader of the Church of England isA) Archbishop of Canterbury B) Archbishop of York C) Lord chancellor D) Queen33. Education is compulsory for all between the ages of and __ in Great Britain except in Northern Ireland.A) 5, 18 B) 4, 18 C) 5, 16 D) 4, 1634. National newspapers are popularly divided into 3 groups, is the exception.A) quality papers B) popular papers C) Sunday papers D) mid-market papers.35. The State-run BBC is financed from theA) commercial B) the sale of TV set C) the public funding D) the sale of TV licenses36. is the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe.A) Football B) Cricket C) Horse racing D) Snooker37. Under the old Selective System, English children who have marks in the "eleven plus"examination go on toA) grammar schools B) public school C) technical schools D) secondary modern schools38. The Puritans were originally an extreme sect.A) Catholic B) Jewish C) Orthodox D) Protestant39. Christianity was introduced into Britain byA) the Anglo-Saxons B) the Celts C) the Romans D) the Norman-French40. About percent of the state secondary school population in Great Britain attend comprehensive schools.A) 60 B) 70 C) 80 D) 9041. is the official name of the United Kingdom.A) Great Britain B) The Britain Isles C) EnglandD) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland42. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain, is the exception.A) England B) Wales C) Northern Ireland D) Scotland43. Britain is surrounded by the sea which lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off ofEurope.A) the south coast B) the west coast C) the east coast D) the north coast44. The commonest English name "Smith" comes from thename "Schmidt".A) German B) France C) Spain D) Gaelic45. brought the new religion, Christianity to Britain.A) The Anglo-Saxons B) The Romans C) The Normans D) The Celts46. When the Northumbrians submitted to the King Egbert and took him for their master in 829actually became an overlord of all the English.A) Offa B) Egbert C) Kent D) William47. Which of the following is Not true about the Anglo-Saxons?A) They divided the country into countiesB) They divided the narrow-trip 3-field farming systemC) They established the manorial systemD) They laid the foundation of the English State48. The Canterbury Tales, which describes a group of traveling into Canterbury to visitThomas Backer's tomb.A) Protestants B) Catholics C) Pilgrims D) Puritans49. The Hundred Year's War is given to the intermittent war between and that lasted from 1337 to 1453.A) France … England B) the U. S … BritainC) Germany … England D) French … Germany50. By 1453 was the only part of France that was still in the hands of the English.A) Slugs B) Flanders C) Poiton D) Calais51. The name Wars of the Roses was coined by the great 19th century novelistA) Sir Walter Scott B) Ben JonsonC) Edmund Spenser D) Christopher Marlowe52. Three of the following were characteristic of the Elizabethan age. Which is the exception? __A) Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.B) Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.C) This was the age of the adventure on the sea.D) This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.53. The Renaissance began in in the early 14th century.A) Britain B) Greece C) Italy D) France54. The English Renaissance was largelyA) political B) economical C) social D) literary55. greatly influenced the early works of Shakespeare.A) Marlowe B) John Donne C) Roger Ascham D) Francis Bacon56. The most famous of the Catholic conspiracies was the Gunpowder plot of .A) 1742 B) 1605 C) 1615 D) 161157. was condemned to death and executed on a scaffold outside the windows of the Banqueting House at Whitehall on January 30, 1649.A) James I B) Charles I C) James VI D) Charles VI58. is generally regarded as the beginning of modem world history.A) The English Civil War B) The RenaissanceC) The English Reformation D) The Wars of Roses59. In the Parliament Act was passed, severely limiting the power of the lords andestablishing the Commons as the Supreme legislative body.A) 1910 B) 1911 C) 1912 D) 191360. There are mainly fanning types in Britain. And most are reared in factoryfanning.A) 5, sheep B) 6, sheep C) 5, chickens D) 6, chickens61. British motor industry is now dominated by four firms which is the exception?A) Ford B) Peugeot C) the Rover group D) Volkswagen62. Britain is the largest trading nation in the world.A) fifth B) first C) third D) fourth63. A General Election takes place at least years and MPs are elected.A) 3, 650 B) 4, 651 C) 5, 651 D) 6, 65064. The Britain Parliament consists of three parts exceptA) the Sovereign B) the CabinetC) the House of Lords D) the House of Commons65. Succession to the throne is founded on the in Britain.A) hereditary principle B) Common Law C) Statute Law D) Conventions66. The U. K is a state.A) republic B) federal C) unitary D) none of above67. The National Health Service was established in the U. K inA) 1928 B) 1938 C) 1948 D) 195868. Nearly a of government expenditure is devoted to the social security prograrm.A) 1/2 B) l/3 C)1/4 D) l/569. Except that may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinctionto member of all churches or of none.A) the Lord Chancellor B) the Prime Minister C) the HomeSecretary D) the Attorney General70. is not the Christian festival.A) Christmas B) Good Friday C) Easter D) Whit Sunday71. Unestablished churches in Britain includeA) the Anglican churches B) the Free churchesC) the Roman Catholic church D) all of the above72. Which of the following belongs to the popular papers?A) The Times B) The Guardian C) The Daily Telegraph D) The Daily Express73. The Chartist Movement was the first nation-wide __ and drew attention to serious problems.A) farmers' movement. B) trader's movementC) literature campaign D) working class movement.74. was the first king to bring all Ireland under English control.A) Henry II B) James VI C) Henry D) James I75. is the chief Christian festival.A) Easter B) Christmas C) New Year's Day D) Guy Fawkes Day76. The Queen is the centre of much ofA) the nation's ceremonial B) the ancient traditionC) the leader of society D) all of the above77. The Thatcher government adopted an economic programme known as" "A) Keynesianism B) MonetarismC) Medium-term Financial Strategy D) Long-term Financial Strategy78. The Norman Conquest refers to the Conquest of England by the Normans under in .A) William of Orange/1660 B) William of Normandy/1066C) William the Conqueror/1660 D) William III/106679. In England and Wales __ recommends the High Court andcircuit judges.A) the Secretary of State. B) the Home Secretary.C) the Attorney General. D) the Lord Chancellor.80. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A) Twelfth Night B) Othello. C) The Tempest D) Richard II81. is a mountain chain know as the "Backbone of Northern England''.A) The Pennies B) Ben Nevis C) Scafell D) None of above82. The largest lake in Britain is Longh Neagh, it is located inA) England B) Scotland C) Northern Ireland D) Wales83. part of Britain has the most rainfall.A) The northwestern B) The southeastern C) The western D) The eastern84. The most important historical monument left to us by the ancient Iberians was .A) mound B) Stonehenge C) stronghold D) the Hadrian's Wall85. The successful Roman invasion of Britain happened in A.D.A) 25 B) 35 C) 45 D) 4386. Beginning from the mid-5th century, the three most powerful tribes came to Britainexcept .A) Angles B) Saxons C) Celts D) Jutes87. William I replaced the Witan, the council of the Anglo-Saxons Kings, withA) the Grand Council B) the Great CouncilC) the Private Council D) the Privy Council88. The Canterbury Tales was written byA) Geoffrey B) T. S. Eliot C) Sir Thomas Wyatt D) Sir ThomasMore89. English Parliament began to come into being in the century.A) 11th B) 12th C) 13th D) 14th90. The end of the Wars of the Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Dynasty.A) Plantagenet B) Tudor C) Angevin D) none of above91. The Act of union in the year 1707 united andA) England, Wales B) Wales, ScotlandC) England, Scotland D) Scotland , Northern Ireland92. The most famous of the Catholic Conspiracies against King was the Gunpowder Plotin .A) James I, 1603 B) Charles I, 1603 C) Charles I, 1605 D) James I, 160593. The protestant Reformation in England was led by King .A) Henry VIII B) Henry VII C) Edward VI D) Henry II94. was the first country of the world in which the Industrial Revolution took place.A) France B) Britain C) Germany D) the U. S. A.95. The Chartist Movement ended in the yearA) 1830 B) 1848 C) 1832 D) 185196. In Britain only __ of the population are farmers but they manage of the land area.A) 3%, 70% B) 4%, 72% C) 5%, 68% D) 6%, 74%97. There are farming types in Britain.A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 898. The Britain Constitution is made up of three laws exceptA) Statute law B) Land law C) Common law D) Conventions99. The Constitutional monarchy has been established inBritain sinceA) the Glorious Revolution of 1688 B) the Christ MovementC) the Wars of the Roses D) the Hundred Years War100. The real source of power in Parliament isA) the House of Lords B) the House of CommonsC) the Cabinet D) the King of QueenII. Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.1. Who is the ancestor of the English?2. When did England begin to be Christianized?3. What was signed by King John in 1215?4. What marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty?5. What is the Lloyd's?6. What does the Cabinet consist of?7. What is the jury's job?8. What festival is the greatest in Britain?9. Which sport is regarded as typically English?10. Who established completely the feudal system in England?11. What is the largest lake in Britain?12. Who created the Witan, the basis of the Privy council?13. When was the Great Charter signed by King John?14. Where were oil and natural gas found in Britain?15. What are the two major Parties in Britain?16. When did the constitutional monarchy begin in Britain?17. Which types of criminal Procedure has in Scotland?18. What is the largest single employer of labor in U. K?19. At what age do men and women generally retire?21. What is the longest river in Britain?22. What is the highest mountain in Britain?23. What were the first known settlers of Britain?24. What were the Vikings?25. What was the transitional Period between the Middle Ages and Modern times?26. What was the Puritanism?27. What were the two events which most alarmed the Britain ruling classes in the closing decades of the 18th century?28. What were the three period of the evolution of the British economy since the WWⅡ?29. What is the main function of the House of Lords?30. What agency is the most important news agency in Britain?31. What are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?32. What is the official name of the U. K.?33. When did the peasant uprising happen in the U. K?34. What is the English Civil War also called?35. Which two groups were the Chartists divided into?36. What was Keynesianism?37. Who are the members of the House of Lords?38. What are the common features of all systems of law in Britain?39. What is the most important established church in Britain?40. Where is the home of golf?41. Which part of Britain is always fighting?42. What type of climate does Britain has?43. Who was the first Christian Emperor?44. Whose grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer's time after he wasmurdered?45. What did James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in?46. Where are the main textile producing regions in Britain?47. How is the BBC radio financed?48. What is the most famous art festival in Britain?49. What are the Christian festivals in Britain?50. What is the Character of the Scots?51. What are the principal non-Christian communities in Britain?52. Who was the first Archbishop of Canterbury?53. When was Parliament born in England?54. Who was the first Prince of Wales in English history?55. What were the Hundred Year’s War?56. Who was the greatest humanists in English history?57. Who wrote the classical work "Utopia“?58. Who was the first prime minister in English history?59. When was the cabinet system of government created?60. Who is the first female prime minister in English history?基本技能Questions for discussion：1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?2. How was the British Empire established in the 19th Century?3. What measures did the Thatcher government take to improve the nation's economy?4. What are the Periods of the evolution of British economy since the Second World War?5. What made the Beatles so different from other pop groups?6. Why and how did the Reformation happen in England?7. What do you know about the nature and consequences of the Wars of the Roses?8. What do you know about State Schools and public schools in the United Kingdom?9. How does a general election take place in Britain?10. What are the consequences of the Norman Conquest?11. What do you know about HenryⅡ?12. What are the main contents of Magna Carta?13. What do you know about Henry VII?14. How did Elizabeth I deal with the religious problem when she became Queen of England?15. What are the Historic Significance of the Bourgeois Revolution?Keys:基本知识Ⅱ.1. The Anglo-Saxons is the ancestor of the English.2. England began to be Christianized in the year of 597.3. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.4. The end of the War of Roses in 1485 marked the beginning of the Tudor Dynasty.5. The Lloyd's refers to a famous insurance company in Britain.6. The cabinet consists of usually 20 most senior ministers.7. In criminal eases, the jury decides the issues of guilt or innocence.8. Christmas Day is the greatest Christian festival.9. Cricket is the most typically English sport.10. William established completely the feudal system in England.11. The Laugh Neagh is the largest lake in Britain.12.The Anglo-Saxons created the Witan.13. The Great Charter was signed by King John in 1215.14. Oil and natural gas are found under the North Sea in Britain .15. The Labor Party and the Conservative Party are the two major parties in Britain.16. The Constitutional monarchy began in 1689 when King William and Queen Mary accepted the Bill of Rights.17. There are Solemn Procedure and Summary Procedure in Scotland.18. The National Health Service is the largest single employer of labor in U.K.19. Generally , men retire at the age of 65 and women at the age of 60.20. Cricket is regarded as typically in English.21. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.22. Ben Nevis is the highest mountain of Britain.23. The Iberians is the first known Settlers of Britain.24. The Vikings were the ancient people living in North Europe.25. Renaissance was the transitional period between the Middle age and modern age26. The Puritinism noted for simple dress, high moral standards and very egalitarian attitudes27. The two events were the American War of Independence and French Revolution.28. The three periods were：(1)Steady development in the 50s and 60s. (2)Economic recession in the 70s. (3)Economic recovery in the 80s.29. The main function of the House of Lords is to bring wide experience of its member into the process of law-making.30. Reuters is the most important news agency in Britain.31. The three political divisions on the island of Great Britain are England, Scotland and Wales.32. The official name of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.33. The peasant uprising happened in 138134. The English Civil War is also called the Puritan Revolution.35. The Chartists was divided into the Moral Force Chartists and the physical Force Chartists36. Keynesianism was John M. Keynes(John Maynard Keynes) economic theory.37. The House of Lords is made up of the Lords spiritual and the Lords Temporal38. One is that there is no complete code and other is the distinction made between criminal law and civil law.39. The church of England and the church of Scotland are the most important established church in Britain.40. Scotland is the home of golf.41. Northern Ireland is always fighting.42. Britain has a maritime Climate.43. Constantine was the first Christian Emperor.44. Thomas Becket's grave became a place of Pilgrimage in and beyond Chaucer' s time after he was murdered45. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in the Divine Right of Kings.46. They are the East Midlands, Yorkshire, and Humberside and Northern Ireland.47. The BBC radio broadcast is funded totally by the government.48. The most famous art festival in Britain is the EdinburghInternational Festival of Music andDrama.49. They are Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday.50. The Character of the Scots is hospitable and generous.51. The principal non-Christian communities in Britain are the Jews, the Moslems and the Buddhists.52. St. Augustine was the first Archbishop of Canterbury53. Parliament was born in 1265.54. Edward II55. It refers to the war between England and France which lasted from 1337 to 1453.56. Sir Thomas More (1478-1535)57. "Utopia“ was written by Thomas More.58. Walpole was usually considered as the first prime minister in English history.59. During GeorgeⅠ’s reign.60. Margaret Thatcher。

英国社会与文化思考题

Tell what you know about the following in your own words.
• 9. The electoral campaigns
• Before a general election, the political parties would start their electoral campaigns in order to make their ideologies and policies known to the public. The campaign involves advertisements in newspapers, door-to-door campaigning, postal deliveries of leaflets and “party electoral broadcasts” on the television. The parties also try to attack and criticise the opponents’ policies. Therefore, these campaigns sometimes can be quite aggressive and critical.
• 12. Class system in British society
• The class system does exist in British society. Most of the British population would claim themselves to be either of middle-class or working-class, though some people would actually belong to the upper middle-class or lower middle-class. Class divisions are not simply economic, they are cultural as well. People do different classes may differ in the kind of newspapers they read, in the way they speak and in the kind of education they receive. One of the distinctive features about the British class system is that aristocratic (贵族的) titles can still be inherited.

英国社会与文化思考题共35页

谢谢
11、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。——邓拓 12、越是无能的人，越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。——爱尔兰 13、知人者智，自知者明。胜人者有力，自胜者强。——老子 14、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。——歌德 15、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。——迈克尔·F·斯特利
英国社会与文化思考题
26、机遇对于有准备的头脑有特别的亲和。 27、自信是人格的核心。
28、目标的坚定是性格中最必要的力量泉源之一，也是成功的利器之一。没有它，天才也会在矛盾无定的迷径中，徒劳无功。- -查士德斐尔爵士。 29、困难就是机遇。--温斯顿．丘吉尔。 30、我奋斗，所以我快乐。--格林斯潘。

英语国家社会与文化(英5)

n. vt. n. n. adj. adj. vi.
设备；设施保证；担保圣歌；赞歌第一步；着手完全的；缺一不可的伊斯兰教的开始
literacy
on an ad hoc basis participate peers polytechnics prayer proficient
n.
vi. n. n. n. adj.
识字；有学问
临时权宜地参加；参与同事；伙伴工艺学校祷告者；恳求者熟练的；精通的
Part III Words & Expressions
register
religion sociologist truancy
vt.
n. n. n.
登记
宗教；信仰社会学家逃学；旷课
Part IV Language Points
11. GNVQs --- General National Vocational Qualifications
(国家专业资格证书) 12. Old Universities (古老的大学)
13. Open University (开放大学)
abolish access ad hoc
vt. n. a.
*To attend the “” universities is still the single best way to guarantee a successful career.
Public Schools — Eton College 伊顿公学
2) the school tie is a clear marker of social class 校服的领带是社会阶级的一个明显标志 * Educational opportunities for working-class and middle-class people can be very different. * In Britain, the accent you speak with, the clothes you wear, and the schools you attend are all markers that identify your social class.

英国社会与文化期末考补充材料题目

补充材料题目Character and MannersExercisesI. Identify each of the following in English:1. English modesty2. Sportsmanship as an English ideal3. The English class system4. The English sense of humourI. 1. English reserve(1) English ‘reserve’ is the best known quality of the British, and in particular of the English, to other Europeans. (2) The English are on the whole reserved; they do not talk very much to strangers, do not show much emotion, and seldom get excited. (3) This reluctance to communicate with others is an unfortunate quality in some ways, since it tends to give the impression of coldness.2. English modesty(1) English modesty is a quality closely related to English reserve. (2) Within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. (3) Self-praise is felt to be ill-bred, and the English are typical of self-deprecation.3. English sense of humour(1) English sense of humor is a quality that is similar to English modesty. Its starting-point is self-deprecation, and its great enemy is conceit. (2) Its ideal is the ability to laugh at oneself---at one’s own faults, one’s own failure and embarrassments, even at one’s own ideals. (3) It is an attitude to life rather than the mere ability to laugh at jokes. This attitude is never cruel or disrespectful or malicious.II. Fill in the blanks:1.Loud speech in Britain is considered ________.2.In their relations with others, Englishmen value at least a show of ___________, whoseenemy is ____________.3.Prince Philip once said that __________________________ is ‘God’s greatest gift tomankind.’4.The terms such as ‘never hit a man when he’s down’ and ‘playing the game’, or ‘playing fair’reflects a sense of ___________.1. ill-bred2. modesty; conceit3. a sense of humour4. sportsmanshipIII. Answer the questions:1.What are some of the characteristics of a reserved English man?2.What are some of the differences between the middle class and the working class pointedout by the quthor? Do you agree?3.What are the major characteristics of the Englishman? Give one example to each.4.Why does the Englishman value a sense of humour?5.Cite ten examples to show the politeness in Britain.EconomyQuestions for consideration:1.What are the possible reasons for the industrial decline of UK in 1970s?2.What measures did Thatcher government take to stimulate the economy of UK in 1980s? Andwhat are the results?3.Talk about the influences of 2008 financial crisis on British economy?4.How do you think of the economic prospects of UK?。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)教学内容

1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source o f corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英国社会与文化课后练习

英国社会与文化课后练习I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The Norman Conquest happened in ____A. 55BCB.1066C.700D.9662. Which of the following is not true about London?A. it’s a political, economic and cultural center of the country.B. it has a larger population than all other cities in England.C. it is not only the largest city in the country, but also the largest in the world.D. it has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.3. British Recorded history began with _____.A. Roman invasionB. the Norman ConquestC. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion4. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution5. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the center of London, was built byA. King ArthurB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the conqueror6. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation7. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American.A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII8. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister9. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords10. Which of the following is Not a characteristic of British government?A. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.11. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetC. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons12. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes13. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.A. 1948, Acts of ParliamentB. 1958, Acts of ParliamentC. 1948, the Bill of RightsD. 1958, the Bill of Rights14. Which of the following is Not related to the Constitution?A. It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.B. It is the foundation of British governance todayC. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.15. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role?A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradation and the Cabinet.C. The Queen acts as a cofidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.16. Which of the following is Not a feature of the House of Lords?A. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C. The Lords are expected to present the interests of the public.D. Most of the Lords in the House of Lords are male.17. Which of the following is NOT based on the fact?A. Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.C. MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most MPs belong to the major political parties.18. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive partly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all19. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ___.A. private schoolsB. independent schoolsC. state schoolsD. public schools.20. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. the University of Cambridge.B. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham21. Which of the following is NOT true?• A. Parents send their children to public schools because they are rich.• B. Parents send their children to public schools because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.• C. Parents send their children to public schools because their children can have a better chance of getting into a good university. • D. Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to go to public schools.22. Which of the following is Not a characteristic of the open University?A. It’s open to everybodyB. It requires no formal education qualification.C. No university degree is awarded.D. University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.23. In the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to ___.A. grammar schoolsB. comprehensive schoolsC. public schoolsD. technical schools24. Which of the following is NOT included in the National Curriculum?A. Children must study the subjects like English, mathematics, science and so on.B. Children must sit in A-level exams.C. Children must pass national tests.D. Teachers must teach what they are told.25. Which of the following is NOT true about British education system?A. It’s run by the state.B. It’s funded by the state.C. It’s supervised by the state.D. It’s dominated by the state.26. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?A. Comprehensive schoolsB. Secondary schoolsC. Independent schoolsD. Grammar schoolsExplain the following terms.Norman Conquest----The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England.Alfred the Great----He was king of Wessex, one of the seven Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms. It was he who led the Anglo-Saxon to flight against the invading Danes and maintained peace for a long time. Alfred was not only a brave king at wartime, but also a wise king at peacetime. He encouraged education and introdu ced a legal system. He is known as “the father of the British navy”.Geoffrey Chaucer----He was an important English poet in the fourteenth century. His best known is The Canterbury Tales, which describes a group of pilgrims travelling to Canterbury to vi sit Thomas Becket’s tomb. Because he was the first important English poet to write in English. He has been known as the “Father of English Poetry”.The Black Death----It is a modern name given to the dearly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread through Europe in the fourteenth century particularly in 1348-1349. It came without warning, and without any cue. In England, it killed almost half of the total population, causing far-reaching economic consequences.The Wars of Roses ----the name Wars of the Roses was refer to the battles between the House of Lancaster, symbolized by the read rose, and that of York, symbolized by the white, from 1455 to 1485. Henry Tudor, descendant of Duke of Lancaster won victory at Bosworth Fireld in 1485 and put ht country under the rule of the Tudors. From these Wars, English feudalism received its death blow. The great medieval nobility was much weakened.The Glorious Revolution of 1688 ---- (1) It refers to the event of 1688 in the English Revolution, when the Catholic king James II was forced to flee with his baby son to France. (2) The throne was offered to his Protestant daughter and her husband Dutch king William. (3) The bill of Rights was passed by Parliament to restrict the power of the Monarchy. (4) This was the beginning of the Constitutional Monarchy in Britain.The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 ----(1) It refers to the most famous of a number of Catholic conspiracies in English history which occurred in the reign of James I (2) It was the plot to blow up the King and Parliament, (3) in which a man called Guy Fawkes was caught in the cellars of the House of Commons in the very act of preparing the explosives. (4) "Guy Fawkes' Night" is still celebrated on November 5th each year.the Protestant Church - (1) It refers to the Christian church whose faith and practice originated with the principles of the Reformation. (2) As the Pope’s political power and religious authority declined in the sixteenth century, (3) Protestant churches sprang up in Northern Europe in opposition to the established Roman Catholic Church. (4) In Britain, Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith in the Elizabethan age.the Church of England - (1) Also called Anglican Church, it is one of the many "Protestant'' sects which broke away from Roman Catholic Church during the Religious Reformation. (2) It is an established Church, which means that it represents the official state religion, (3) having certain duties towards the state, and receiving certain privileges from it. (4) Its temporal head is the Queen, and twenty-six of its highest priests sit in the House of Lords.the Protestant Reformation - (1) A religious movement started in 1517, when the German monk Martin Luther posted for debate, (2) a series of theses that challenged Roman Catholic teaching. (3) Many Protestant sects broke away from the central organization of Roman Catholic Church.(4) Most of the Protestants stressed the Bible as the source and the norm of their teaching instead of the Pope as a Source of authority.Privy Council ---- (1) A consultative body of the British monarch. (2) Its origin can be traced back to the times of the Norman Kings. After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, its importance was gradually diminished and replaced by the Cabinet. (3) Today, it is still a consultation body of the British monarch. (4) Its membership is about 400, and includes al Cabinet ministers, the speaker of the House of Commons, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York, and senior British and Commonwealth statesmen.the English Civil War - (1) One of the most important events in the whole of British history. (2) It is a bitter power struggle (1642--1648) between the monarchy and Parliament. (3) The victory of the Parliament led to the execution (1649) of Charles I and the temporary overthrow of the monarchy, and (4) the country became for more than ten years a sort of republic founded by Oliver Cromwell.the Industrial Revolution - (1) It refers to the period in British history from 1750 to 1850. (2) Great changes took place with the invention of the steam engine. (3) More factories and big towns were built. (4) It made Britain stronger and richer, and at the same time it also created entirely new social class, the industrial workers.the Victorian age - (I) It refers to the monarch of Britain under the great Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1901, the longest reign in British history. (2) The Victorian age was an age of national development and national optimism. (3) The Victorians were very religious and conservative in family life.(4) It was also, in its later stages, an age of imperialism.Constitutional Monarchy - (1) The Constitutional Monarchy is one in which the Monarch respects the Constitution. (2) In law, the monarch is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature: head of the judiciary; commander-in-chief of all the armed forces and head of the Church of England. In practice, the real power of monarchy has gradually been reduced and today the Queen acts solely on the advice of her ministers. (3) In the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary became the joint rulers of Britain, and the Constitutional Monarchy began. (4) The Bill of Rights which was passed in 1689 restricted the power of the monarchy.the British Constitution - (1) It is unwritten. (2) Its components include Acts of Parliament, the Prerogative of the Crown, Conventions of the Constitution, Common Law and Parliamentary Privilege. (3) It is more flexible than the written ones in other countries.the Bill of Rights in 1689 - (1) it was the Bill passed by the Parliament in 1689 after the Glorious Revolution. (2) It laid down a number of things that future monarchs could not do. (3) It marked a sharp decline in powers of the Monarch. (4) It marked the beginning of the British Constitutional Monarchy.General Election - (1) General Election is held at least every five years. (2) The country is divided into 635 constituencies, each of which returns one Member of Parliament. (3) The one who has the most votes in a constituency becomes a Member of Parliament. (4) The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister.British Parliament - (1) It includes three elements: the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. (2) It is the supreme law-making authority in Birtain. (3) The real centre of parliamentary power is in the House of Commons. (4) Other' functions include: to control and criticize the executive government; to control the raising and the spending of money.the House of Lords - (1) It is an important part of Parliament. (2) Its members are peers, most of whom are hereditary. (3) Its powers have been severely reduced by the Parliament Acts of 1911 and 1949. (4)It must pass all financial legislation sent to it from the House of Commons, and can delay other Bills for only one year. (5) It has a special judicial function.the House of Commons - (1) It consists of 635 elected Members of Parliament. (2) MPs have a number of privileges, eg. the freedom of speech in Parliament. (3) It is by far the most powerful and important element in Parliament, therefore plays the key role in the activities of Parliament as a whole.English reserve - (1) English reserve is the best known quality of the British, and in particular, of the English, to other Europeans. (2) The English are on the whole reserved: they do not talk very much to strangers, (3) do not show much emotion, and seldom get excited. (4) This reluctance to communicate with others is an unfortunate quality in some ways, since it tends to give the impression of coldness.English modesty - (1) English modesty is a quality closely related to English reserve. (2) Within their heart, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, (3) but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. (4) Self-praise is felt to be ill-bred, and the English are typical of self-deprecation.English sense of humour - (1) English Sense of humour is a quality that is similar to English modesty. Its starting point is self-deprecation, and its great enemy is conceit. (2) Its ideal is to laught at oneself--at one's own faults, one's own failures and embarrassments, even at one's own ideals.(3) It is an attitude to life rather than the mere ability to laugh at jokes. This attitude is never cruel or disrespectful or malicious.English sportsmanship - (1) Sportsmanship is an English ideal that is highly valued in Britain. (2) Sportsmanship is the ability to practise a sport in obedience to its rules, while also showing generosity to one's opponent and good temper in defeat. (3) Sportsmanship as an ideal is applied to life in general. This is proved by the number of sporting terms used in ordinary speech.English class system - (1) As a social convention, the English class system is much less rigid than it was, but it still exists below the surface. (2) Broadly speaking, it means there are two classes, the "middle class" and the "working class". The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do business men and professional people of all kinds; the working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers. (3) The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. The middle classes also tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured.The National Health Service---- (1) It is a very important part of the welfare system in Britain. (2) It is a nationwide organization based on Acts of Parliament. (3) It provides all kinds of free or nearly free medical treatment both in hospital and outside. (4) It is financed mainly by payments by the state out of general taxation. People are not obliged to use this service. The service is achieving its main objectives with outstanding success.Answer briefly the following questions.What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?The Norman Conquest of 1066 is one of the best known events in English history. It brought about many consequences. William confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architecture were been introduced. The church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts.4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and king John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.What do you know about the English Renaissance?Renaissance was the revival of classical literature and artistic styles in European history. It began in Italy in the early 14th century and spread toEngland in the late 15th century. The English Renaissance had 5 characteristics: (1) English culture was revitalized not so much directly by the classics as by contemporary Europeans under the influence of the classics; (2) England as an insular country followed a course of social and political history which was to a great extent independent of the course of history else where in Europe; (3) Owning to the great genius of the 14th century poet chaucer, the native literature was vigorous enough and experienced in assimilating foreign influences without being subjected by them; (4) English Renaissance literature is chiefly artistic, rather than philosophical and scholarly; (5) the Renaissance coincided with the Reformation in England. The English Renaissance was largely literary, and achieved its finest expression in the so-called Elizabethan drama. Its finest exponents were Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and William Shakespeare.How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?In 1685 Charles II died and was succeeded by his brother James II. James, who was brought up in exile in Europe, was a Catholic, He hoped to rule without giving up his personal religious views. But England was no more tolerant of a Catholic king in 1688 than 40 years. So the English politicians rejected James II, and appealed to a Protestant king, William of Orange, to invade and take the English throne. William landed in England in 1688. The takeover was relatively smooth, with no bloodshed, no any execution of the king. This was known as the Glorious Revolution. William and his wife Mary were both protestants and became co-monarchs. They accepted the Bill of Rights. It’s the beginning of the age of constitutional monarchy.What is your comment on land enclosures in England?Agricultural enclosure became frequent in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It has good as well as bad results: (1) Farms became bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the small; (2) more vegetables, more milk and more dairy produce were consumed, and diet became more varied; (3) enclosure was a disaster for the tenants evicted from their lands by the enclosures. They were forced to look for work in towns, which rapidly became hopelessly over crowded. It also lead to mass emigration, particularly to the New World; (4) a new class hostility was introduced into rural relationships. Concentration of land in fewer hands increased the price of land and dashed the labourers’ hopes of even owning his own l and. Many became wage labourers, earning low rates in spite of agriculture’s new prosperity.How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?The Industrial Revolution began with the textile industry. It’s characterized by a series of inventions and im provements of machines, such as John Ray’s flying shuttle, James Hargreaves’ spinning Jenny, Richard Arkwright’s waterframe and Samuel Cropton’s mule. The Scottis h inventor James Watt produced a very efficient steam engine in 1765, which could be applied to textile and other machinery. The most important element in speeding industrialization was the breakthrough in smelting iron with coke instead of charcoal in 1709. Similar developments occurred in the forging side of the iron industry which enabled iron to replace wool and stone in many sectors of the economy. Improved transporation ran parallel with production. As a result of the industrial revolution, Britain was by 1830 the “workshop of the world”; no other country could compete with her in industrial production.What do you know about the Chartist Movement and the People’s Charter? What’s your comment on them?The Chartist Movement was an industrial working class movement that happened in England from 1836 to 1848. In 1836 a group of skilled workers an d small shopkeepers formed the London Working Men’s Association. They drew up a charter of political demands (known as the People’s Charter) in 1838, which had six points: (1) the vote for all adult males, (2) voting by secret ballot, (3) equal ele ctoral districts, (4) abolition of property qualifications for members of Parliament, (5) payment of members of Parliament, and (6) annual Parliament, with a General Election every June. Support for these six demands was loudly voiced all over the country. Other working men formed Chartist groups throughout the country to press Parliament to accept the 6 points. But Parliament rejected them for three times. In the end, the Chartist Movement failed. It failed because of its weak and divided leadership, and its lack of coordination with trade-unionism. The working class was still immature. The Chartist Movement, however, the first nation wide working class movement and drew attention to serious problems. The 6 points were achieved very gradually over the period of 1858-1918, although the sixth has never been practical.How did the Labour Party come into being?As the new working class became established in the industrial towns in the late 18th century, they became aware of the power which they could possess if they acted together instead of separately. So various working class organizations were formed which brought about the formation of the Labour Party. The Labour Party had its origins in the Independent Labour Party, which was formed in January, 1893 and Led by Keir Hardie, a Scottish miner. The foundation of an effective party for labour depended on the trade unions. In 1900, representatives of trade unions, the ILP, and a number of small societies set up the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). The LRC changed its name to be Labour Party in time for the general election which was called for 1906. The Labour Party remains one of the two major parties in Britain until today.What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain?A constitutional monarchy is a governmental system in which the head of State is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule. The country is namely reigned by the Sovereign, but virtually by His or Her Majesty’s Government —a body of Ministers who are the leading members of whichever political party the electorate has voted into office, and who are responsible to Parliament. The Constitutional Monarchy in Britain beganin 1689, when king William and Queen Mary jointly accepted the Bill of Rights, which guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons and constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with power limited by Parliament began.What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?The sovereign is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, he/she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces of the crown and the “supreme governor” of the established church of England.What are the main functions of Parliament?The main functions of Parliament are: (1) to pass laws; (2) to provide the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation; (3) to examine government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure; (4) to debate the major issues of the day.Why do the criminal convicts like to be tried first before the magistrates’ courts?A Magistrates’ court tries summary offences and “either way” offences. It is open to the public and the media and usually con sists of three unpaid “lay” magistrates. A magistrates’ court sits without a jury. The criminal law presumes the innocence of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt; every possible step is taken to deny to the prosecution any advantage over the defence. No accused person has to answer the questions of the police before trials; he is not compelled to give evidence or to submit to cross-examination in court.What does the civil courts system do?The civil courts system does the following jurisdiction: (1) actions founded upon contract and tort; (2) trust and mortgages cases; (3) actions for the recovery of land; (4) cases involving disputes between landlords and tenants; (5) admiralty cases and patent cases; and (7) divorce cases and other family matters.What is meant by the term “welfare state” in Britain?The welfare state is a system of government by which the state provides the economic and social security of its citizens through its organization of health services, pensions and other facilities. The system is funded out of national insurance contributions and taxation. In Britain the term applies mainly to National Health Service (NHS), national insurance and social security.What is the most important established Church in Britain? How is it related to the Crown and linked with the State?The most important established Church in Britain is the Church of England. It is uniquely related to the Crown in that the Sovereign must be a member of that church and, as “Defender of the Faith”, must p romise on his or her accession to uphold it. Church of England archbishops, bishops and deans of cathedrals are appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister. The Church is also linked with the State through the House of Lords, in which the two archbishops (of Canterbury and York), the bishops of London, Durham and Winchester, and 21 other senior bishops of London, Durham and Winchester, and 21 other senior bishops have seatsWhat distinguishes the Open University from all other British Universities?The Open University is non-residential university which is “open” to all to become students. It offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages in Britain and other member countries of the EU. It was founded in 1969 and began its first courses in 1970. It was a combination of specially produced printed texts, correspondence tuition, television and radio broadcasts and audio/video cassettes. For some courses, there are residential schools. There is a network of study centers for contact with part-time tutors and counselors, and with fellow students.。

英美社会与文化试题参考答案(仅供参考)

1.what are the general features of Britain`s independent schools？An independent school in the United Kingdom is a school relying upon private sources for all of its funding, predominantly in the form of school fees. In England and Wales the term public school is often used to refer to what is normally called in other countries a "private" school, a term which originally referred to those schools named in the Public Schools Act 1868. These schools themselves tend to prefer the term "independent school".2.why is the United States regarded as a "melting pot" and a "salad"？The melting pot is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements "melting together" into a harmonious whole with a common culture. It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States; the melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.After 1970 the desirability of assimilation and the melting pot model was challenged by proponents of multiculturalism, who assert that cultural differences within society are valuable and should be preserved, proposing the alternative metaphor of the salad bowl –different cultures mix, but remain distinct.3.why did America change its policy and enter world war two?Because the Great Depression lead a worldwide warfare crisis . But in the face of the Warfare crisis，the thinking of isolationism and anthropocentrism filled the society of America,most of American pay no attention on the war of other countries. It was until March of 1941 when the warfare fo west Europe is become incandescent the Capitol Hill adopt the Act of Lease. This marked US was no longer neutral state but a member of Allies. Than the Pearl Harbor incident finally made the United States enter The World War II on the side of the Allies.4.what were Nixon's well-known contributions during his presidency?Nixon is noted for his diplomatic foreign policy, especially with the Soviet Union and China, and his efforts to end the Vietnam War. He is also noted for his middle-of-the-road domestic policy that combined conservative rhetoric and, in many cases, liberal action, as in his environmental policy.As president, Nixon imposed wage and price controls, indexed Social Security for inflation, and created Supplemental Security Income. The number of pages added to the Federal Register each year doubled under Nixon. He advocated gun control, reduced speed limits, and eradicated the last remnants of the gold standard. Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and Occupational Safety and Health Administration and implemented the Philadelphia Plan, the first significant federal affirmative action program.5.what was the cause of the American civil war?1. Economic and social differences between the North and the South.2. States versus federal rights3. The fight between Slave and Non-Slave State Proponents.4. Growth of the Abolition Movement.5. The election of Abraham Lincoln.6.what are the two characteristics of the U.S construction?the Statue of Liberty The Capitol7.what are the qualifications for a senator and a representative respectively? Senator:1) each senator must be at least 30 years old, 2) must have been a citizen of the United States for at least the past nine years, and 3) must be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant ofthe state he or she seeks to represent.Each representative must: (1) be at least twenty-five years old; (2) have been a citizen of the United States for the past seven years; and (3) be (at the time of the election) an inhabitant of the state they represent.8.what are the Major powers of the supreme court?The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest judicial body in the United States, and leads the federal judiciary. It consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight Associate Justices, who are nominated by the President and confirmed with the "advice and consent" of the Senate. Justices serve "during good Behaviour," which terminates at death, resignation, retirement, or conviction on impeachment. The Court meets in Washington, D.C. in the United States Supreme Court building. The Supreme Court is primarily an appellate court, but has original jurisdiction in a small number of cases.9.how does an American university choose its applicants?It will through some aspects：transcript，academic performance，extra-curricular achievements，personnel，inherence，artistic skills10.what are the origins of thanksgiving day?Thanksgiving, or Thanksgiving Day, is a traditional North American holiday, which is a form of harvest festival. The date and whereabouts of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention, though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida. Despite any scholarly research to the contrary, however, the traditional "first Thanksgiving" presented by Chief Massasoit is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621.11.what is the essence of American puritanism?1，puritanism is a strict religious doctrine.2, puritanism also has practical aspects. Puritans have to work hard, and prepare for the obstacles they will meet in their life.American puritanism contains origional sin, predestination,total depravity，limited atonement of God's grace12.what is the lost generation?The Lost Generation is a term used to refer to a collective group of artists and writers who settled in Europe in the wake of the First World War. Members of the Lost Generation lived in Europe in the 1920s and early 1930s, and they had a profound impact on society and the arts. This generation is referred to as “lost” not because it has faded from memory, but because the individuals in the Lost Generation often expressed a sense of emotional confusion, feeling lost in their own society.13.what are the characteristics of American writing during the romantic period? reaction against logic and reason; antiscientific in its bent; faith in something inherently good and transcendent in the human spirit in no need of salvation, but rather in need of awakening..."In this romantic period, writers put more emphasis on moral enthusiasm, and their masterpieces were full of passion, emotion, fancy and imagination. They also had a faith in the value of individualism and intuitive perception, they displayed personalities, express feelings and ideas, emphasize men’s rights for freedom and happiness.For their part human nature is of good will. Men can learn the world through their own ability, conscience and intuition. The romantic showed a deep admiration and love for nature. Theypraised America’s landscape of its primitive forests, meadows, vast plains, seas and blue oceans. The beauty and perfection of nature could enable them to have unutterable joy and exuberance. And nature was regarded as a source of goodness while man’s societies a source of corruption. Writers like Freneau, Cooper and Bryant took a great interest in external nature in their respective works.14.state the background for the American civil rights movement.The Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to primarily African American citizens of United States. There have been many movements on behalf of other groups in the U.S. over time, but the term is often used to refer to the struggles between 1955 and 1968 to end discrimination against African-Americans and to end racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. See African American for information on how various terms have been used at that time period for African Americans.15.make comments on women's liberation movement.The changes women worked for included changes in economic practices, such as not only asking equal work, but also equal opportunity for jobs in fields such as science and technology, management and politics.They wanted changes in social practices and attitudes which would acknowledge that women were not inferior to men in intelligence or abilityLegal segregation ended in the South as a result of the civil rights movement.The women's movement continues to gain more rights and opportunities for women.The social movements of the 1960s had a strong effect on the way people think and caused changes in many laws.16.what is the lvy league?name at least 4 of its members.The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and a reputation for social elitism.Brown UniversityHarvard UniversityYale UniversityColumbia University。

英国社会与文化知识点试题

英国社会与文化知识点试题LTchapter 1 A general survey1、UK全称: Official name---the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.----the United Kingdom of the UKCapital city National Emblem England London roseScotland Edinburgh Thistle 蓟花Wales Cardiff 加的夫Daffodil 水仙花Northern Ireland Belfast 贝尔法斯特Shamrock 三叶草2、Northern Ireland:Lough Neagh:the largest lake in Britain which covers an area of 396 k㎡(内伊湖) 3、Scotland:Ben Nevis:the highest mountain in Britain（本尼维斯山）4、Edinburgh :1.the capital city of Scotland2.economic center of Scotland3.a tourist city second only to London in UK(Royal Miles & Princes Street)皇家英里大道&王子大街（1）Edinburgh castle(十字皇宫）:symbol of Edinburgh & situated on a mound of Vol（2）Windsor castle(温莎城堡）:largest occupied castle（3）Holyrood palace（荷里路德宫）：the official residence（住处）of the Monarch of the United Kingdom in Scotland,located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh,at the opposite end to Edinburgh CastleThe stone of destiny命运之石Coronation stone 加冕石==referred to in EnglandReferendum 苏格兰公投5、EnglandMountain-the Pennines(北乃恩山脉)Backbone of the central Northern EnglandLondon East-poor West-richimportant river in London ：Thames泰晤士河London Eye：the largest Ferris Wheel 摩天轮in Europe/Big Ben=Elizabeth Tower the largest four-faced chiming clockWestminster Abbey 威斯敏斯特教堂Palace of Westminster 威斯敏斯特宫House of Parliament 国会大厦Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫3、Further informationNational currency（本国货币）：GBP=Great Britain Pound（英镑）National day：Queen’s Birthday 2nd Saturday of June since 1952实际=April 21,1926National flag：Union Flag adopted on Jan 1st 1801National flower：roseLocation：Western Europe6、Geography (Q:Describe the geographical position of Britain?).Location---Located off the northwest coast of Europe---an island country surrounded by four seas.to the south by the English Channel,which separates it from continental Europe.to the east by the North Sea.to the west by the Irish sea.to the north by the Atlantic Ocean7、Land & People.very unevenly distributed:90% urban 10% rural.Britain multiracial society and 1 in 20 people are of non-European ethnicity8、Climate :a Favorable Maritime Climate（海洋性气候）Q:.a rainy,changeable and unpredictable weather.mild（温和的）winters and cool summers.a steady and reliable（稳定的）rainfall throughout the year.a small range of temperature(4-6℃ in the north in Winter,and 12-17℃ in the south in summer)And Factor 影响因素.The surrounding watersQ:.south-west winds.North Atlantic Drift（北大西洋漂流）9、The British Isles,Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British CommonwealthOfficial name +The British Isles-----Great Britain (England,Wales,Scotland)-----Northern Ireland(also known as Ulster)-----The Republic of Ireland (also the Irish Republic,formerly Eire)-----Numerous smaller islandsBritish IslesUnited KingdomIreland RepublicGreat Britain.Margret Thatcher:PM 1979-1990.David Cameron:PM 2010-presentbour Party :The feature of the Labour Party Q:.relatively poor and underprivileged.the party of central-left(the reformist,non-revolutionary).aiming at the nationalization as the means of production and distribution.few resources and heavily dependent on the trade unions.have a major effect on UK’s National Health ServiceBig NamesTony Blair 1997-2007 Gordon Brown 2007-2010Edward Miliband 2010-2015 Jeremy Corbyn 2015-present2.3.Scottish National Party 苏格兰民族党2016第三大党2.4.United Kingdom Independence Party 英国独立党Chapter 4 EconomyIntroduction:1.Factory of the world2.British Disease ---a mocking termQ:What is “British Disease”?(1)a term used to characterize Britain’s economic decline after the wars.(2)Britain’s slow growth of productivity,soaring inflation,and large unemployment3.a major developed capitalist country4.6th largest economy in 20125.3 periods of Britain economic evolution.Steady development in the 50s and 60s;.Economic recession in the 70s;.Economic recovery in the 80s;.By the 1880s,dominant in the world,*one third of the world’s manufactured goods*half its coal and iron*half its cotton.By 1900,overtaken by US and Germany6 .Reasons for Relative DeclineQ:What causes the relative decline of UK Economy?(1).heavily into debt in order to finance the war.(2).the era of the British Empire was over-decolonization殖民地独立(losses of raw material & market).(3).military expense(until the process of decolonizationcompleted in the 1960s).$.lacked investment in modern equipment and new products.$.low rates of domestic industrial investment$.high rate of overseas investment$.lack of a close relationship between industry and banks.Absolute decline a.Introductionand relative decline b.Reasons for relative declineEconomy c.Recent HistoryThe current Primary IndustriesUK economy Secondary IndustriesTertiary IndustriesCases Analysis Positive Effects7.Primary industries -- Energy Production.5% of national wealth.Coal.oil and gas: North Sea (decline since 1999).producer and exporter.offshore oil industry8.Secondary industries*manufacturing(20% of national wealth)Pharmaceuticals(Glaxo Smith Kline),chemicals(ICI)Aerospace航天(3rd largest in the world)Electronics industry( 4th largest in the world)9.Tertiary industries.Service industries (65 of national wealth).Domestic activity:retailing,tourism.International services(10% ~ 70%).Financial and business services10.London Stock Exchange(伦敦证券交易所)In 2010,a market capitalization(资本总额)of US$2.63 trillion,made it the fourth largest stock exchange in the world and the largest in EuropeChapter 5 literature1.Old English Period(449-1066)Background:The Anglo-Saxons from Northern Europe brought their language,the basis of Modern English,as well as a specific poetic tradition.Old English literature is also called Anglo-Saxon Literature.✓Beowulf 《贝奥武夫》:the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons北欧大陆盎人迁移英格兰的英雄史诗，杀死海怪(sea monster Grendel) te Medieval(中世纪) English Literature(1066-14th century)difficulties and calamities(灾害),such as famine,plague,and war,(dark age) the Black Deathfolk literature(民间文学)✓Robin Hood 《罗宾汉》* Geoffrey Chaucer 杰弗里.乔叟- the father of English poetry(wisdom,humor,humanity)✓The Canterbury Tales．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．《坎特伯雷故事集》(26 stories)It is made up of a series of stories told by pilgrims (朝圣者）to entertain each other on their way to the Christian Church at Canterbury3.English Renaissance Period(15th century-early 17th century)Stared in ItalyThe Renaissance - a French word which means rebirth or revivalHumanism人文主义-the essence(本质) of the Renaissance,the dignity of human being (人的尊严)& the importance of the present life(珍惜当下).Peak of English Renaissance:Elizabethan Drama英国文艺复兴时期的巅峰:伊丽莎白戏剧* William Shakespeare威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)✓Tragedies:Romeo and Juliet,Hamlet,Othello,King Lear李尔王,Macbeth麦克白✓Historical Plays:Richard Ⅲ,Richard Ⅱ,Henry Ⅳ,Henry Ⅴ✓Comedies:The Taming of the Shrew 悍妇,A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦,Twelfth Night,The Tempest,The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人Sonnet十四行诗(A fourteen-line lyric poem with a single theme,usually written in iambic pentameter)抑扬格五步格诗*Thomas More 托马斯.莫尔(1478-1535)✓Utopia 《乌托邦》*John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿(1608-1674)✓Paradise Lost 《失乐园》*Francis Bacon 弗兰西斯.培根✓Essays 《随笔》4.The Neoclassical Period(新古典主义时期1660-1798)*Alexander Pope 亚历山大.蒲伯(1688-1744)✓An Essay on Man人论(=Paradise Lost)*Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔.约翰逊✓The Dictionary of English Language/London(英语辞典)9年*Jonathan Swift乔纳森.斯威夫特✓Gulliver's Travels 格列夫游记*Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔.笛福✓Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记*Henry Fielding 亨利.菲尔丁英国小说之父✓The History of Tom Jones,a Founding弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事5.The Romantic Period浪漫主义时期(1798-1832).two major novelists of the Romantic period are Jane Austen(realistic)and Walter Scott(romantic)*Robert Burns 罗伯特.彭斯✓ A Red,Red Rose 一朵红红的玫瑰/Auld Long Syne 往昔时光*William Wordsworth威廉.华兹华斯(began with)Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集/I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud✓“湖畔”派诗人:William Wordsworth威廉.华兹华斯Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔.泰勒.柯勒律治Robert Southey 骚赛*Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔.泰勒.柯勒律治The Rime of Ancient Mariner 古舟子咏*George Gordon Byron 乔治.戈登.拜伦✓Don Juan 唐.璜*John Keates 约翰.济慈✓Ode to the West Wind 西风颂*William Blake 威廉.布莱克✓Songs of Innocence 天真之歌✓Songs of Experience经验之歌Sir Walter Scott 沃尔特.斯科特爵士(ended in)✓Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》(12世纪英国”狮心王”查理)*Jane Austen 简.奥斯丁upper-middle-class✓Sense and Sensibility 理智与情感✓Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见✓Emma 爱玛6.The Victorian Period (1837-1901)维多利亚时期*Charles Dickens 查尔斯.狄更斯✓Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿✓ A Tale of Two Cities 双城记✓Great Expectations远大前程The Bronte Sisters*Charlotte Bronte✓Jane Eyre 简爱*Emily Bronte✓Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄*Anne Bronte✓Agnes Grey 安格尼斯.格雷*William Thackeray 威廉.萨克雷✓Vanity Fair 名利场*Thomas Hardy 托马斯.哈代✓Tess of the D’Urbervilles 德伯家的苔丝*Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡.王尔德✓The Happy Prince and Other Tales 快乐王子故事集✓The Nightingale and the Rose 夜莺与玫瑰7.The Modern Period*George Bernard Shaw 乔治.伯纳.萧✓Saint Joan 圣女贞德✓Pygmalion卖花女(My Fair Lady 窈窕淑女)Chapter 6 EducationThe UK School System:compulsory(义务) between ages of 5 and 16 years,total of 11 years1、Co-educated Schools:1).admit both boys and girls联合教育学校2).Academic Year:divided into three terms,with holidays at Christmas,Easter,and in the summer3).follow the National Curriculum guide-lines set down by government2、State School:totally funded by the government and free3、Independent School:founded by the fees charged to the parents(public school 公学)4、Primary Education:Pre-schooling which called Nursery School5、Secondary Schools:1).Grammar Schools(文法中学3%)：“the 11 plus”examination ,preparing students for higher education.2).Comprehensive Schools(综合中学83%):No entrance exam,general education.3).Secondary Modern School(现代中学7%)6、The high School Curriculum:1)16 years:GCSE Examination2)16-18 years A-Level Course:3-4 subjects students choose the subjects they wish to study.3)18 years:A-Level ExaminationGCSE:General Certificate of Secondary Education (中学生毕业证书)7、Higher Education:receive funds from the central government.The amount of funding is based on its size,the number of students it teaches,and the research it conducts8、Entrance Procedures:1).Students can apply to a maximum of 6universities/institutions.2).Admission-- selection on basis of A level results & an interview9、Famous Universities:1)The University of Oxford:1.The oldest university in the English speaking word.2.Teaching existed at Oxford in 1096 and developed rapidly from 1167.2)The University of Cambridge:second-oldest (1281)---Two characteristics of Oxford and CambridgeCollege system(学院制度)Tutorial system(导师制度)3)The University of London:1.It was founded in 1836.(联邦制大学)2.a federation of colleges 4)Buckingham University :the only independent university 5)Open University :UK largest university for part-time higherChinese & British Education SystemChinese Higher EducationElite edu. VS Mass edu. Enrollment expansionResources are straining Education quality is suffering Intense competition in the job marketYear China Age Britain Year5Primary School1 1 Elementary School6 2 27 3 38 4 49 5 5 106 6 11 Secondary School7 7 Junior Middle School12 8 8 139 9 14 GCSE CourseGCSE Examinations 10 10 Senior MiddleSchool15 11 11 16 A-Level Course A-Level Examinations12 12 17 13Unit 7 British Foreign Relation1.---imperial history---geopolitical traits 地缘政治特点2.How Foreign Policy is made?Foreign Policy→The PM&Cabinet→Government departments3.When the second world war ended,it was still the largest military power in western Europe.4.The Nuclear ClubRussia,USA,France,Britain,Israel,China,India,Pakistan,North Korea5.Why does Britain have its nuclear naval force?---Because it’s a traditional sea power.6.Member of UN Security Council联合国安理会---one of the five permanent members(great influence)---other members--Russia,China,the US,France7.Member of the European UnionSince 19738.Member of NATO北约---North Atlantic Treaty Organization---a system of collective defense9.The Commonwealth of Nations英联邦国家---The British commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.殖民地10.The UK and its relation with the USA.Allied during WWⅡ√.Worked together against UUSR√.The 1956 Suez Crisis×11.Conclusion.Britain is no longer a superpower, but it still has great influence in military power in the world(navy,nuclear).Britain foreign policy influenced mainly by its history and geopolitical traits..Britain sits at a very important seat in many international institutions,such as the UN,the EU,NATO,Commonwealth,etc.Chapter 8 The British Media1.What functions do you think the media have?.provide people with information about political and social issues.provide weather reports.carry advertising.used for educational purposes.provide a forum for people to express their views.seek advice.give people entertainment.serve for the political and economic system.work as a monitor2.Newspaper(types)(1)The quality press (the broadsheets)严肃类大版面报纸(2)The tabloids(the gutter press)通俗类小版面报纸3.Some quality newspaper in UK(1)Times《泰晤士报》oldest daily newspaper(2)The Daily Telegraph《每日电讯报》--工党右(3)The Guardian《卫报》(4)The Observer《观察家报》oldest Sunday newspaper4.Some tabloids in UK(1).The Daily Mail《每日邮报》--保守党(2)Daily Mirror《每日镜报》--工党(3)The Sun《太阳报》Chapter 9 Sports1.Football1)Football Association (FA)2)Football Hooligans流氓，恶棍Police patrol the streets,pubs near the football grounds are closed,and shops lock their door.2.Tennis Wimbledon 温布尔顿3.Golf By Scottish at St. Andrew’s圣安德鲁斯4.Horse Racing Royal Ascot 英国皇家爱斯科赛马会5.Equestrianism 马术Chapter 10 Festival1.Religions holiday:Christmas / Easter2.National holiday:Queen's birthday3.Regional holiday:England Bonfire Night 篝火之夜Northern Ireland: St. Patrick’s Day 圣帕特里克节3.17Scotland: Hogmanay 除夕12.31Wales:Eisteddfod 诗歌音乐比赛会Chapter 4.2 作家作品时代作者作品Old English Period Beowulf 《贝奥武夫》Late Medieval(中世)English Literature(1066-14th century)Robin Hood 《罗宾汉》GeoffreyChaucer 杰弗里.乔叟thefather ofEnglishpoetryThe Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》English Renaissance Period(15thcentury-early 17th century) WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚Tragedies:Romeo and JulietHamletOthelloKing Lear李尔王Macbeth麦克白Historical PlaysRichard 3,Richard 2Henry 4,Henry 5Comedies:The Taming of the Shrew悍妇A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦Twelfth NightThe TempestThe Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人Sonnet十四行诗抑扬格五步格诗Thomas More托马斯.莫尔(1478-1535)Utopia 乌托邦John Milton约翰.弥尔顿(1608-1674)Paradise Lost 失乐园Francis Bacon弗兰西斯.培根Essays 《随笔》The Neoclassical新古典主义Period(1660-1798) AlexanderPope 亚历山大.蒲伯(1688-1744)An Essay on Man人论，人性本恶SamuelJohnson 塞缪尔.约翰逊The Dictionary of EnglishLanguageLondonJonathanSwift乔纳森.斯威夫特Gulliver's Travels 格列夫游记Daniel Defoe丹尼尔.笛福Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记HenryFielding 亨利.菲尔丁英国小说之父The History of Tom Jones,aFounding弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事The Romantic Period浪漫主义时期 Robert Burns罗伯特.彭斯A Red,Red Rose 一朵红红的玫瑰Auld Long Syne 往昔时光WilliamWordsworth威廉.华兹华斯Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集IWandered Lonely as a CloudSamuel TaylorColeridgeThe Rime of Ancient Mariner 古舟子咏George GordonByronDon Juan 唐.璜John Keats 约翰.济慈Ode to a Nightingale 夜莺颂Persy ByssheShelley 雪莱Ode to the West Wind 西风颂William Blake威廉.布莱克Songs of Innocence 天真之歌Song of Experience 经验之歌Sir WalterScott 斯科特爵士Ivanhoe 艾凡赫Jane Austen简.奥斯丁Sense and Sensibility 理智与情感Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Emma 艾玛The Victorian Period (1837-1901) CharlesDickens 查尔斯.狄更斯Oliver Twist 雾都孤儿A Tale of Two Cities 双城记Great Expectations远大前程CharlotteBronteJane Eyre 简爱Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights呼啸山庄Anne Bronte Agnes Grey 安格尼斯.格雷WilliamThackeray 威廉.萨克雷Vanity Fair 名利场Thomas Hardy 托马斯.哈代Tess of the D’Urbervilles 德伯家的苔丝Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡.王尔德The Happy Prince and Other Tales 快乐王子故事集The Nightingale and the Rose 夜莺与玫瑰The Modern Period GeorgeBernard Shaw萧伯纳Saint Joan 圣女贞德Pygmalion卖花女(My Fair Lady 窈窕淑女)。

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Exercises of ChapterⅠ
Ⅰ.Filling the blanks.
1. The full name of the United Kingdom is ___ and ___.
2. The island of Great Britain is made up of ___, ___ and ___.
3.The United Kingdom has been a member of ___ since 1973.
4.Britain is now a ___ society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of
___ ethnicity.
5.London plays a significant role in ___ economic and cultural life. It’s not only
the financial ___ of the nation, but also one of the ___ major international
financial centers ___.
6.The highest mountain in Britain is___
7._____flows through central London and it is a very important river.
8.____is the capital of Scotland.
9.Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (George III) current Union Flag adopted on
Jan. 1st, _____.
10. National Day of UK is officially celebrated in Britain on the 2nd Saturday of
_____each year since February 1952.
11.The largest lake in Britain is the _____in Northern Ireland which covers an area of 396 km2.
12._____is the largest Ferris wheel (摩天轮)in Europe.
Ⅱ. Multiple choice
1.The location of UK is in the ____ Europe.
A.Eastern
B. Western
C. Southern
D. Northern
2.All the following cities are major deep-water ports of UK, except_______.
A.London
B.Liverpool
C. Belfast
D. Edinburgh
3.The national flower of UK is_______.
A.rose
B. thistle
C. daffodil
D. shamrock
4.All of the following, except for______, were tribes from the north who moved
into England in the 400s AD.
A.Angles
B. Saxons
C. Jutes
D. Celts
5.The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a_______.
A.poem about a hero named Beowulf
B.newspaper
C.historical record
D.novel
6.Beowulf is __________.
A.a long novel
B. a long poem written by Geoffrey Chaucer
C. a long poem by unknown storyteller
D.a long novel written by W. William Shakespeare
7.The Canterbury Tales was written by_______.
A.Geoffrey Chaucer
B. Thomas Becket
C. Palamon
D. Griselda
8. The frame of The Canterbury Tales is________.
A. the pilgrims telling stories on their trip
B. the conflict between the friar and the summoner
C. King Arthur’s court
D. the differences between the knight and the squire
9. The Canterbury Tales is an unusual piece of literature from the Middle Ages because ________.
A. it describes the characters’ personalities
B. it includes middle class characters
C. both A and B
D. neither A nor B
10. There are______ stories in The Canterbury Tales.
A.5
B.26
C.15
D.6
Ⅲ.Questions
1.What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth?
2. Describe the geographical position of Britain?
3. Does Britain have a favorable climate? Why?
4. What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest?
Keys
Ⅰ.Filling the blanks.
1.The United Kingdom of Great Britain ; the Northern Ireland
2.England, Scotland, Wales
3.European Union
4.Multiracial, non-European
5.Britain’s, center, three, in the world
6.Ben Nevis
7.Thames river
8.Edinburgh
9.1801
10. June
11. Lough Neagh
12.The London Eye
Ⅱ. Multiple choice
1. B
2. D
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. A
9. C
10.B。